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WO2007140014A2 - Lithium batteries with high power and high energy density - Google Patents

Lithium batteries with high power and high energy density Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007140014A2
WO2007140014A2 PCT/US2007/012691 US2007012691W WO2007140014A2 WO 2007140014 A2 WO2007140014 A2 WO 2007140014A2 US 2007012691 W US2007012691 W US 2007012691W WO 2007140014 A2 WO2007140014 A2 WO 2007140014A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
active material
positive electrode
material particles
battery
particles
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/012691
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2007140014A3 (en
Inventor
Sujeet Kumar
Original Assignee
Nanoexa, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nanoexa, Inc. filed Critical Nanoexa, Inc.
Publication of WO2007140014A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007140014A2/en
Publication of WO2007140014A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007140014A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lithium batteries with high power and high energy density.
  • the present invention provides a positive electrode for a lithium ion battery.
  • the electrode comprises active material particles with inter-particle connectivity that increases the power and energy density of a battery compared with a battery having a positive electrode comprising active material particles without inter-particle connectivity.
  • the present invention provides a lithium ion battery comprising a negative electrode, an electrolyte and a positive electrode.
  • the positive electrode comprises active material particles with inter-particle connectivity that increases the power and energy density of the battery compared with a battery having a positive electrode comprising active material particles without inter-particle connectivity.
  • the present invention provides a method for making a positive electrode active material for a lithium battery.
  • the method comprises forming dense granules of positive electrode active material particles, and sintering the granules so as to physically join the particles and provide inter-particle connectivity.
  • Figure 1 outlines the process used to synthesize sintered granules.
  • Figure 2 illustrates lithium cobalt oxide powder before (A) and after (B) sintering.
  • Figure 3 illustrates donut-shaped positive electrode particles.
  • the present invention relates to batteries having high power and high energy density constructed with a positive electrode having unique morphology.
  • the positive electrode comprises active material particles that are densely packed with significant inter-particle connectivity. That is, the particles have a physical joining without an interface or boundary. Lack of inter-particle connectivity may require electrons to hop across or tunnel through to the next particle. However, inter-particle connectivity facilities electron transport.
  • a positive electrode containing active material particles with inter-particle connectivity allows for a battery with increased power and energy density compared with a battery having a positive electrode comprising active material particles without inter-particle connectivity.
  • the batteries of the present invention can provide, for example, a specific power up to about 4000 Watt/kg and a specific energy up to about 500 Watt-hour/kg.
  • a battery can be provided which runs at a specific power of 4000 Watt/kg and a specific energy greater than 100 Watt-hour/kg.
  • the active material particles for the positive electrode are subjected to a sintering process.
  • particles are mixed with a binder and solvent mixture to form a slurry.
  • dense granules i.e., agglomerates of particles
  • the granules are sintered in a furnace to so as to bring about physical joining of the particles and provide inter-particle connectivity.
  • a positive electrode active material of multimode particle size distribution such as a bimodal particle size distribution, is used to improve packing density.
  • nanoparticles can be used to further increase the power density.
  • Compacting of granules by equipment such as a roll mill also improves the packing density.
  • These compacted, dense positive electrode active material particles still have sufficient porosity to be coated with carbon and wetted by an electrolyte.
  • the particles can also be prepared by spray drying or other process so as to have a "donut" shape.
  • Such donut-shaped particles are subjected to sintering to provide for inter-particle connectivity.
  • any appropriate binder and solvent may be used.
  • Exemplary binders include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).
  • Exemplary solvents include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and an ethanol/water mixture.
  • Granules can be sintered under any conditions which result in the physical joining of active material particles so as to provide inter-particle connectivity.
  • Typical sintering temperatures range form 40O 0 C to 1000 0 C for 1 to 48 hours. In general, a longer sintering time is required at a lower temperature, and vice versa.
  • the active material may have any particle size which allows for its use as a positive electrode material.
  • the particle size ranges from 10 nm to 200 micrometer. Fluffiness of the bulk active material can be reduced by using a particle size greater than 1 micrometer.
  • particle sizes typically range from an average of about 1 micrometer to about 10 micrometer, although depending on desired properties, particles of about 100-150 micrometer, 60-100 micrometer, 30-50 micrometer, 2-20 micrometer, or 2-3 micrometer can be used.
  • “Multi-mode” particles can also be used in which active material having two or more size distributions are used as a mixture.
  • a primary particle having a size ranging from about 1-10 micrometer can be mixed with a secondary particle having a size ranging from about 10-1000 nm, or from about 10-200 nm.
  • the use of secondary particles in the nanorange improves the packing density and inter-particle connectivity of the sintered active material. Any active material suitable for use in particles for a positive electrode for a lithium battery can be used.
  • Examples of active materials that can be used for the particles include lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ), LiMn 2 O 4 , LiFePO 4 , Li(MlM2Co)O 2 where Ml and M2 are selected from among Li, Ni, Mn, Cr, and Al; and XLi 2 MOa(I-X)LiM 1 O 2 where M is selected from among Mn, Ti, Zr, Ru, Re and Pt and M 1 is selected from among V, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni.
  • the active material particles with inter-particle connectivity are typically coated on a current collector. Any current collector appropriate for use in a lithium battery can be used. Exemplary materials for current collectors include aluminum, copper, nickel and titanium.
  • any anode and any electrolyte appropriate for use in a lithium battery can be used.
  • a binder such as PVA or PVDF is dissolved in an ethanol/water mixture or an organic solvent such as NMP.
  • Commercially available lithium cobalt oxide powder is added to the binder/solvent mixture and thoroughly mixed in an industrial mixer.
  • a highly stable slurry results which is free of precipitation for hours.
  • the slurry is fed to a spray drier which uses an atomizer to create a droplet spray from the slurry.
  • the droplets are converted to granules after drying in the spray drier.
  • the granules are sintered in a furnace.
  • the sintered granules have significant inter-particle connectivity.
  • the sintered granules are mixed with an appropriate binder and solvent and then coated on a current collector to form a positive electrode using a typical commercial process.
  • Figure 1 outlines the process flow used to synthesize sintered granules.
  • Figure 2(A) shows a schematic representation of as received lithium cobalt oxide powder
  • Figure 2(B) shows that significant inter-particle connectivity is developed after sintering.
  • Sintered dense granules obtained from the above process can also be mixed with a commercial lithium cobalt oxide powder.
  • Sintered granules with nanostructures further improve the power density.
  • the starting lithium cobalt oxide has a particle size in the nanometer range.
  • Compacting of granules in equipment such as a roll mill also improves the packing density.
  • the morphology of the granules can be changed by controlling properties of the slurry and parameters used for spray drying.
  • Figure 3 shows donut-shaped particles. A three- dimensional network of donut-shaped particles can be formed which will allow high density and at the same time ensure electrolyte wettability.
  • lithium cobalt oxide of two different particle size distributions is used.
  • one particle size is in the nanometer range.
  • the different size particles are combined with a solvent-binder solution in a mixer, spray dried to form dense granules, and then the granules are sintered to provide for inter-particle connectivity.
  • lithium cobalt oxide having an average particle size of 10 microns is mixed with lithium cobalt oxide having an average particle size of 200 tun. Nanoscale powders help lower the sintering temperature and significantly improve inter-particle connectivity.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a positive electrode for a lithium ion battery, the electrode comprising active material particles with inter-particle connectivity that increases the power and energy density of a battery compared with a battery having a positive electrode comprising active material particles without inter-particle connectivity. Also provided is a battery comprising the positive electrode, and a method for making the positive electrode.

Description

LITHIUM BATTERIES WITH HIGH POWER AND HIGH ENERGY DENSITY
CROSS RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/808,761, filed May 26, 2006, which is incorporated herein in its entirety.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to lithium batteries with high power and high energy density.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
In commercial lithium ion batteries, energy density decreases as power density increases.
Thus, available lithium ion batteries do not achieve a good, high rate discharge system. For example, U.S. Patent Nos. 6,337,156 and 6,682,849 describe certain electrodes for secondary batteries fabricated using flakes of high aspect ratio, but these electrodes do not provide for batteries with satisfactory high power and high energy density. Therefore, a need exists in the industry to address the deficiencies and inadequacies of available lithium ion batteries.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In one aspect the present invention provides a positive electrode for a lithium ion battery.
The electrode comprises active material particles with inter-particle connectivity that increases the power and energy density of a battery compared with a battery having a positive electrode comprising active material particles without inter-particle connectivity.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a lithium ion battery comprising a negative electrode, an electrolyte and a positive electrode. The positive electrode comprises active material particles with inter-particle connectivity that increases the power and energy density of the battery compared with a battery having a positive electrode comprising active material particles without inter-particle connectivity.
In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method for making a positive electrode active material for a lithium battery. The method comprises forming dense granules of positive electrode active material particles, and sintering the granules so as to physically join the particles and provide inter-particle connectivity.
Other systems, methods, features and advantages of the present invention will be or become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following drawings and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the present invention, and be protected by the accompanying claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 outlines the process used to synthesize sintered granules.
Figure 2 illustrates lithium cobalt oxide powder before (A) and after (B) sintering.
Figure 3 illustrates donut-shaped positive electrode particles.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Prior to the present invention, there were batteries having a positive electrode containing active material particles, which resulted in particle-to-particle contact but with an interface, or boundary, between the particles. The present invention relates to batteries having high power and high energy density constructed with a positive electrode having unique morphology. By the present invention, the positive electrode comprises active material particles that are densely packed with significant inter-particle connectivity. That is, the particles have a physical joining without an interface or boundary. Lack of inter-particle connectivity may require electrons to hop across or tunnel through to the next particle. However, inter-particle connectivity facilities electron transport. A positive electrode containing active material particles with inter-particle connectivity allows for a battery with increased power and energy density compared with a battery having a positive electrode comprising active material particles without inter-particle connectivity. The batteries of the present invention can provide, for example, a specific power up to about 4000 Watt/kg and a specific energy up to about 500 Watt-hour/kg. For example, a battery can be provided which runs at a specific power of 4000 Watt/kg and a specific energy greater than 100 Watt-hour/kg.
In one embodiment, the active material particles for the positive electrode are subjected to a sintering process. For this process, particles are mixed with a binder and solvent mixture to form a slurry. Then dense granules (i.e., agglomerates of particles) are obtained in the green state using equipment such as a spray drier. Subsequently, the granules are sintered in a furnace to so as to bring about physical joining of the particles and provide inter-particle connectivity. In another embodiment, a positive electrode active material of multimode particle size distribution, such as a bimodal particle size distribution, is used to improve packing density. In the embodiments set forth above, nanoparticles can be used to further increase the power density. Compacting of granules by equipment such as a roll mill also improves the packing density. These compacted, dense positive electrode active material particles still have sufficient porosity to be coated with carbon and wetted by an electrolyte. To increase porosity, the particles can also be prepared by spray drying or other process so as to have a "donut" shape. Such donut-shaped particles are subjected to sintering to provide for inter-particle connectivity. In the formation of granules for sintering, any appropriate binder and solvent may be used. Exemplary binders include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). ' Exemplary solvents include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and an ethanol/water mixture.
Granules can be sintered under any conditions which result in the physical joining of active material particles so as to provide inter-particle connectivity. Typical sintering temperatures range form 40O0C to 10000C for 1 to 48 hours. In general, a longer sintering time is required at a lower temperature, and vice versa.
The active material may have any particle size which allows for its use as a positive electrode material. In general, the particle size ranges from 10 nm to 200 micrometer. Fluffiness of the bulk active material can be reduced by using a particle size greater than 1 micrometer. When using "single-mode" particles, particle sizes typically range from an average of about 1 micrometer to about 10 micrometer, although depending on desired properties, particles of about 100-150 micrometer, 60-100 micrometer, 30-50 micrometer, 2-20 micrometer, or 2-3 micrometer can be used. "Multi-mode" particles can also be used in which active material having two or more size distributions are used as a mixture. For example, a primary particle having a size ranging from about 1-10 micrometer can be mixed with a secondary particle having a size ranging from about 10-1000 nm, or from about 10-200 nm. The use of secondary particles in the nanorange improves the packing density and inter-particle connectivity of the sintered active material. Any active material suitable for use in particles for a positive electrode for a lithium battery can be used. Examples of active materials that can be used for the particles include lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2), LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, Li(MlM2Co)O2 where Ml and M2 are selected from among Li, Ni, Mn, Cr, and Al; and XLi2MOa(I-X)LiM1O2 where M is selected from among Mn, Ti, Zr, Ru, Re and Pt and M1 is selected from among V, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni. In making a positive electrode of the present invention, the active material particles with inter-particle connectivity are typically coated on a current collector. Any current collector appropriate for use in a lithium battery can be used. Exemplary materials for current collectors include aluminum, copper, nickel and titanium. In addition, any anode and any electrolyte appropriate for use in a lithium battery can be used. Example 1 Sintered Granules
A binder such as PVA or PVDF is dissolved in an ethanol/water mixture or an organic solvent such as NMP. Commercially available lithium cobalt oxide powder is added to the binder/solvent mixture and thoroughly mixed in an industrial mixer. A highly stable slurry results which is free of precipitation for hours. The slurry is fed to a spray drier which uses an atomizer to create a droplet spray from the slurry. The droplets are converted to granules after drying in the spray drier. The granules are sintered in a furnace. The sintered granules have significant inter-particle connectivity. The sintered granules are mixed with an appropriate binder and solvent and then coated on a current collector to form a positive electrode using a typical commercial process.
Figure 1 outlines the process flow used to synthesize sintered granules. Figure 2(A) shows a schematic representation of as received lithium cobalt oxide powder, and Figure 2(B) shows that significant inter-particle connectivity is developed after sintering. Sintered dense granules obtained from the above process can also be mixed with a commercial lithium cobalt oxide powder. Sintered granules with nanostructures further improve the power density. In this case the starting lithium cobalt oxide has a particle size in the nanometer range. Compacting of granules in equipment such as a roll mill also improves the packing density.
The morphology of the granules can be changed by controlling properties of the slurry and parameters used for spray drying. Figure 3 shows donut-shaped particles. A three- dimensional network of donut-shaped particles can be formed which will allow high density and at the same time ensure electrolyte wettability.
Example 2 Multi-mode particle size distribution
In a second embodiment, lithium cobalt oxide of two different particle size distributions is used. Preferably, one particle size is in the nanometer range. The different size particles are combined with a solvent-binder solution in a mixer, spray dried to form dense granules, and then the granules are sintered to provide for inter-particle connectivity. In one example, lithium cobalt oxide having an average particle size of 10 microns is mixed with lithium cobalt oxide having an average particle size of 200 tun. Nanoscale powders help lower the sintering temperature and significantly improve inter-particle connectivity.
All references cited in this disclosure are incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each reference had been incorporated by reference in its entirety individually. While the invention has been described in detail and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various variations and modifications can be made therein without departing from the sprit and scope thereof. All such variations and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this disclosure and the present invention and protected by the following claims.

Claims

We claim:
1. A positive electrode for a lithium ion battery, the electrode comprising active material particles with inter-particle connectivity that increases the power and energy density of a battery compared with a battery having a positive electrode comprising active material particles without inter-particle connectivity.
2. The positive electrode of claim 1, wherein the active material is selected from the group consisting OfLiCoO21LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, Li(MlM2Co)θ2 where Ml and M2 are selected from among Li, Ni, Mn, Cr, or Al; and XLi2MO3(I-X)LiMO2 where M is selected from among Mn, Ti, Zr, Ru, Re or Pt and M' is selected from among V, Mn, Fe, Co or Ni.
3. The positive electrode of claim 1, wherein the active material particles have an average size ranging from about 1 to about 10 micrometer.
4. The positive electrode of claim 1, wherein the active material particles have a multimode particle distribution.
5. The positive electrode of claim 4, wherein the active material particles have a bimodal particle distribution.
6. The positive electrode of claim 5, wherein the active material particles comprise primary particles having an average particle size ranging from 1-10 micrometer and secondary particles having an average particle size ranging from about 10-200 nm.
7. A lithium ion battery comprising a negative electrode, an electrolyte and a positive electrode, the positive electrode comprising active material particles with inter-particle connectivity that increases the power and energy density of the battery compared with a battery having a positive electrode comprising active material particles without inter-particle connectivity.
8. The battery of claim 7, wherein the active material is LiCoO2, LiMn2CM, LiFePO-J, Li(MlM2Co)O2 where Ml and M2 are selected from among Li, Ni, Mn, Cr, or Al; and XLi2MO3(I-X)LiM1O2 where M is selected from among Mn, Ti, Zr, Ru, Re or Pt and M' is selected from among V, Mn, Fe, Co or Ni.
9. The battery of claim 7, wherein the active material particles have an average size ranging from about 1 to about 10 micrometer.
10. The battery of claim 7, wherein the active material particles have a multimode particle distribution.
11. The battery of claim 10, wherein the active material particles have a bimodal particle distribution.
12. The battery of claim 11 , wherein the active material particles comprise primary particles having an average particle size ranging from 1-10 micrometer and secondary particles having an average particle size ranging from about 10-200 run.
13. A method for making a positive electrode active material for a lithium battery, the method comprising forming dense granules of positive electrode active material particles, and sintering the granules so as to physically join the particles and provide inter-particle connectivity.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the active material is LiCoO21LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, Li(MlM2Co)O2 where Ml and M2 are selected from among Li, Ni, Mn, Cr, or Al; and XLi2MOa(I -X)LiM1O2 where M is selected from among Mn, Ti, Zr, Ru, Re or Pt and M1 is selected from among V, Mn, Fe, Co or Ni.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the active material particles have an average size ranging from about 1 to about 10 micrometer.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein the active material particles have a multimode particle distribution.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the active material particles have a bimodal particle distribution.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the active material particles comprise primary particles having an average particle size ranging from 1-10 micrometer and secondary particles having an average particle size ranging from about 10-200 ran.
19. The method of claim 13, wherein the dense granules are formed by spray drying a slurry of active material particles in a solvent/binder solution.
PCT/US2007/012691 2006-05-26 2007-05-29 Lithium batteries with high power and high energy density WO2007140014A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US80876106P 2006-05-26 2006-05-26
US60/808,761 2006-05-26

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9099738B2 (en) 2008-11-03 2015-08-04 Basvah Llc Lithium secondary batteries with positive electrode compositions and their methods of manufacturing
US10224565B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2019-03-05 Ut-Battelle, Llc High energy density secondary lithium batteries
WO2024091625A1 (en) * 2022-10-26 2024-05-02 Texpower, Inc. Low-cobalt or cobalt-free cathode materials with bimodal particle size distribution for lithium batteries

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5358533A (en) * 1992-02-19 1994-10-25 Joint Medical Products Corporation Sintered coatings for implantable prostheses
KR100912754B1 (en) * 2000-10-20 2009-08-18 매사츄세츠 인스티튜트 오브 테크놀러지 A two-pole device
US20040164291A1 (en) * 2002-12-18 2004-08-26 Xingwu Wang Nanoelectrical compositions

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9099738B2 (en) 2008-11-03 2015-08-04 Basvah Llc Lithium secondary batteries with positive electrode compositions and their methods of manufacturing
US10224565B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2019-03-05 Ut-Battelle, Llc High energy density secondary lithium batteries
US10930969B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2021-02-23 Ut-Battelle, Llc High energy density secondary lithium batteries
WO2024091625A1 (en) * 2022-10-26 2024-05-02 Texpower, Inc. Low-cobalt or cobalt-free cathode materials with bimodal particle size distribution for lithium batteries

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