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WO2007054005A1 - Méthode d’interaction de données, système et dispositif émetteur/récepteur de données - Google Patents

Méthode d’interaction de données, système et dispositif émetteur/récepteur de données Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007054005A1
WO2007054005A1 PCT/CN2006/002578 CN2006002578W WO2007054005A1 WO 2007054005 A1 WO2007054005 A1 WO 2007054005A1 CN 2006002578 W CN2006002578 W CN 2006002578W WO 2007054005 A1 WO2007054005 A1 WO 2007054005A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
frame
unit
delimiter
subunit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2006/002578
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Xuyong Wu
Zhong Pan
Quanbo Zhao
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2007054005A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007054005A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to communication technologies, and in particular, to a data interaction method, system, and data transceiver device. Background technique
  • BS Base Station
  • SS Subscriber Station 1_1
  • BS2 can also cover the location of the terminal.
  • BS1 and BS2 use the same frequency, SSI-1 will be interfered by BS2.
  • BS1 and BS2 can only use the same frequency point, in order to avoid interference at the terminal, the devices of the system can be synchronized, that is, the receiving and transmitting of BS1 and BS2 are performed simultaneously, and in the common coverage area.
  • BS1 and BS2 work in a time-sharing manner, that is, when BS1 sends data to SSI-1, BS2 needs to stop transmitting data to the location.
  • SS1-1 has data to be sent to BS1
  • the terminal belonging to BS2 at the location needs to stop transmitting data.
  • SSI-1 can determine the starting position of the data transmitted by BS1.
  • SSI-1 must correctly sample the data sent by BS1, and must also know the delay parameter. This parameter can be actually measured by ranging.
  • BS2 also needs to communicate with SSI-1.
  • BS2 broadcasts its own IP address to a neighboring terminal through a dedicated time slot of CTS (Coexistence Time Slot).
  • CTS Common Time Slot
  • each data frame has a frame header SOF (Start Of Frame) and an EOF (End Of Frame) tag.
  • the middle is a PLD carrying an IP address. (payload, payload) domain.
  • the data frame is then split into frame fragments, where SOF and EOF respectively occupy one frame fragment, and the frame fragments are transmitted piece by piece in a dedicated CTS slot allocated to the IP address broadcast message.
  • the frame fragment receiving device detects the SOF flag at the start position of the CTS slot, and after detecting, each subsequent CTS is regarded as the content of the data frame until the EOF flag is received, and reception of one data frame is completed.
  • the uplink (UL, Up Link) data transmission time slot and the downlink (DL, Down link) data transmission time slot are included between the two CTS dedicated time slots.
  • SS1_1 does not belong to BS2, and even the physical layer technologies used by the two are different, the ranging between BS2 and SS1_1 may not be possible, and thus accurate delay parameters cannot be obtained.
  • the communication between heterogeneous devices adopts the energy signal mode.
  • the initial flag signal can be guaranteed by increasing the symbol period to a certain width. Can be judged correctly.
  • the symbol period increases, which directly leads to a decrease in the number of symbols that can be transmitted in the CTS period and a low bandwidth utilization.
  • the invention provides a data interaction method, a system and a data transceiving device, so as to solve the problem that the number of symbols that can be transmitted in a dedicated slot cycle is reduced and the bandwidth utilization rate is low when the existing symbol period guarantee signal is correctly determined. .
  • a data interaction method includes the following steps:
  • the transmitting end sends frame fragments piece by piece, and the frame fragments include valid data segments and bits in the data frame. a start delimiter and an end delimiter at both ends of the data segment;
  • the receiving end receives the valid data segments located in each of the frame fragments one by one according to the start delimiter and the end delimiter.
  • the data frame includes at least one frame fragment, and all frame fragments of the data frame are transmitted in a fixed time slot in each slot cycle.
  • the head and the tail of the fixed time slot are respectively provided with free portions that cannot be used.
  • the receiving process of the valid data segment located in each of the frame fragments is: the receiving end starts detecting the start of the frame fragment after the start time of each fixed time slot starts or after the set delay time starts.
  • the delimiter and starts receiving the valid data segment when the start delimiter is detected, synchronously detects the end delimiter of the frame fragment during reception, and stops receiving when the end delimiter is detected.
  • the first and second half of the start delimiter or the end delimiter have different emission energies, and the receiving end uses a sliding window to detect.
  • the data frame is an IP address broadcast message frame
  • the fixed time slot is a coexistence dedicated time slice CTS of an IP address broadcast message frame.
  • the present invention further provides a data interaction system, including a transmitting end and a receiving end, where: the transmitting end includes: a sending unit, a data frame segmentation intercepting unit, and a delimiter adding unit, and the data frame segmentation intercepting and loading unit Intercepting the data segment of the data frame to be sent and sending it to the delimiter adding unit, the delimiter adding unit adding a delimiter at both ends of the data segment and assembling the frame into pieces to be sent by the sending unit;
  • the receiving end includes: a receiving unit, a data frame segment assembling unit, and a delimiter removing unit, where the delimiter removing unit removes delimiters at both ends of the frame fragment received by the receiving unit, and reports the data segment to the data segment.
  • a frame segment assembling unit wherein the data frame segment assembling unit reassembles the data segment.
  • the sending end further includes: a data frame storage unit to be sent, and the data frame segment intercepting unit is connected to store the data frame to be sent;
  • the receiving end further includes: a receiving data frame storage unit, and connecting the data frame segment assembling unit, configured to store the reassembled data segment.
  • the sending unit includes: a first time slot monitoring subunit, and a first pulse triggering sub Metadata, data transmission subunit;
  • the first time slot monitoring subunit monitors whether a start time of the transmission frame fragmentation time slot or a set time delay after the start, and whether the time slot ends or the set time slot period is about to end, and at the start time Or sending the pulse trigger signal to the data transmitting subunit by the first pulse triggering subunit when the set delay arrives, and the data transmitting subunit sends the delimiter according to the pulse trigger signal Add a frame fragment of the unit assembly;
  • the receiving unit includes: a second time slot monitoring subunit, a second pulse triggering subunit, a data sampling subunit, and a data identifying subunit;
  • the second pulse triggering subunit triggers the data sampling subunit according to a trigger signal output by the time slot monitoring subunit to generate a required periodic sampling pulse, and the data sampling subunit periodically samples the received data and
  • the sampled data is synchronized with the input data identification subunit, and the data identification subunit detects the start delimiter and the end delimiter of the frame fragment according to the energy of the sampled signal, identifies valid data between the delimiters, and reports the recognition result to the data.
  • Delimiter removes the unit.
  • the invention also provides a data transceiving device, comprising a transceiving unit, further comprising a data frame segmentation/assembly unit and a delimiter addition/removal unit:
  • the data frame segmentation intercepting/assembly unit intercepts the data segment of the data frame to be transmitted and sends it to a delimiter add/remove unit, the delimiter add/remove unit adds a delimiter at both ends of the data segment and After being assembled into frame fragments, they are sent to the transceiver unit for transmission; or
  • the delimiter adding/removing unit removes the delimiter at both ends of the frame fragment received by the transceiving unit, and then segments the data into a data segment segmentation/assembly unit, and the data frame segmentation intercept/group
  • the loading unit reorganizes the data segment.
  • the data transceiver device further includes: a data frame storage unit, and a connection data frame segmentation/assembly unit for storing the data frame.
  • the data frame storage unit includes: a data frame storage subunit to be transmitted and a received data frame storage subunit.
  • the transceiver unit includes: a time slot monitoring subunit, a pulse triggering subunit, a data sampling subunit, a data identifying subunit, and a data transmitting subunit;
  • the time slot monitoring sub-unit monitors whether the start time of the transmission frame fragmentation time slot or the set time delay after the start, and whether the time slot ends or the set time slot period is about to end, and starts or starts at the start time After the set delay arrives, the corresponding trigger signal is output to the data sampling subunit, and the trigger signal is turned off when the time slot is about to end; the data transmitting subunit sends the frame assembled by the delimiter adding unit according to the pulse trigger signal. Fragmentation;
  • the pulse triggering subunit generates the required periodic sampling pulse according to the trigger signal output by the time slot monitoring subunit, and the data sampling subunit periodically samples the received data and samples the data. Synchronizing the input data identification subunit, the data identification subunit detects the start delimiter and the end delimiter of the frame fragment according to the energy of the sampled signal, identifies the valid data between the delimiters, and reports the recognition result to the delimitation Remove the unit.
  • asynchronous mode is adopted instead of the coexistence device of unknown parameters, and the asynchronous communication mode is adopted.
  • Only the middle part is a valid segment in each time slot, and the start and end delimiters are provided at both ends of the frame fragment transmitted in the valid segment.
  • the receiving device detects the start delimiter and starts receiving data until the end delimiter is received, so that it is not necessary to compensate for the received data decision error caused by the unsynchronized reception time by increasing the width of the single symbol of the dedicated time slot. The system bandwidth occupied by dedicated time slots is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a common coverage point of two adjacent base stations
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frame format of a data frame and a data frame divided into frame fragments
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of BS2 transmitting a frame fragment through a CTS dedicated time slot
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial transmission frame fragment in a CTS dedicated time slot according to the method of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure and a division manner of a frame fragment according to the method of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is an example of asynchronous detection of the SOC flag
  • 7 is a processing flow of a method at a data sending end according to the method of the present invention
  • 8 is a processing flow of a method at a data receiving end according to the method of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transceiver device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of main structures of a data interaction system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is an example of an energy symbol
  • Figure 12 shows an example of energy symbol transmission.
  • the transmission and reception of the broadcast message of the IP address are still taken as an example.
  • a gap is reserved for both the start (Start) and the end (End), which ensures that a gap is not used.
  • FIG. 5 a schematic diagram of the structure of slice division manner and the frame invention according to the length of the active interval t Valid division frame fragmentation, plus start slot beginning of each frame in the previous slice
  • the delimiter that is, the start flag SOC (Start OfCTS)
  • the end delimiter of the end of the slot that is, the tail flag EOC (End Of CTS).
  • the receiving device identifies the first slice of the data frame by the SOC flag of the time slot, and identifies the last slice of the data frame according to the tail flag EOC, so that a valid data segment can be identified.
  • the head and tail flags of the time slot can be the same as the start and end flags of the data frame without hindering the judgment of the receiving device.
  • the padding field PAD (Padding, padding field) can be set to keep the length of each slice consistent.
  • the padding field is not required.
  • the end flag of the frame and the tail flag of the CTS slot can be advanced.
  • the receiver stops receiving. Even if the PAD is added, it is carried in the frame header of each frame.
  • the frame data length information the receiving end may determine the tail of the valid data and the check code check according to the frame data length information, thereby completely receiving and verifying the valid data.
  • the receiving device does not need to synchronously detect and transmit the frame fragment carrying the SOF flag in the CTS slot.
  • the sliding window is used to detect the SOC flag of the CTS, and the asynchronous detection can be started after a period of time after the start of the CTS time slot, and the delayed time is selected as the shortest delay parameter according to the empirical value, thereby effectively reducing the probability of sampling invalid data. .
  • the sliding window method uses a fixed-length window that moves within the effective period, moving a certain number of samples each time, such as a sampling point. The energy of each part of the data falling into the window is judged, and the set threshold interval to which the data energy of each part belongs is determined, thereby identifying the signal.
  • Fig. 6 it is an example of a single block for asynchronously detecting the SOC flag.
  • the SOC is a single signal with the first half cycle being low and the second half cycle being high. It is only necessary to set a threshold for its judgment. In the figure, after the sliding window moves to the fifth position, the signal energy in the first half of the window is lower than the threshold, and the signal energy in the second half exceeds the threshold. Therefore, the position of the window at this time is considered to be the position of the SOC.
  • the subsequent data is the valid data in the data frame until the EOC flag is detected, and the reception of a data frame is ended.
  • the SOC and the EOC flag are added to the frame fragments sent in each CTS slot, and the asynchronous detection mode is adopted at the receiving end, which can effectively eliminate the negative influence of the reception error caused by the ranging.
  • the length of the CTS slot only needs to be added with the maximum advance time and the maximum delay time protection in the effective CTS data length, without increasing the width of the single symbol of the CTS to compensate for the received data decision error caused by the asynchronous reception time. Reduce the system bandwidth occupied by the CTS.
  • the above description takes the transmission and reception of the IP address broadcast message as an example. Since the method of the present invention does not need to complete the reception and transmission of the data in synchronization, the delay test is not necessary between the data receiving device and the data transmitting device, and thus the present invention The method can be applied to data interaction between any of the same or different communication devices.
  • the data processing flow of the sender is as shown in FIG. 7, and includes the following steps:
  • the frame fragment is set at or after the start time of the dedicated transmission slot of the data frame. Sent at a fixed time.
  • the processing flow of the receiving end is as shown in Figure 8, and includes the following steps:
  • step S201 determining whether the time to start sampling the dedicated time slot arrives, if yes, proceeding to step S202, otherwise looping to step S201;
  • the time to start sampling is the start time of the time slot or the set time delay after the start.
  • the set delay is generally taken as the minimum delay based on the empirical value.
  • step S203 periodically determining whether the start delimiter of the frame fragment is received, if yes, proceeding to step S203, otherwise looping to step S202;
  • step S203 receiving the data segment and synchronously determining whether the end delimiter of the frame fragment is received, if yes, ending receiving the frame fragment and continuing to step S204, otherwise looping to step S203;
  • step S204 Determine whether the next time slot starts. If yes, return to step S201, otherwise loop step S204.
  • the present invention further provides a data transceiving device 300 for a communication device, as shown in FIG. 9, including a data frame storage unit 301, a data frame segmentation/assembly unit 302, and a demarcation Add/remove unit 303, transceiver unit 304, where:
  • a data frame storage unit 301 a data frame storage unit 301, a connection data frame segmentation/assembly unit 302, configured to store data frames;
  • a data frame segmentation/assembly unit 302 configured to intercept a data segment of the data frame to be transmitted and send it to the delimiter addition/removal unit 303, or assemble a data segment reported by the delimiter addition/removal unit;
  • the delimiter adding/removing unit 303 is configured to add a delimiter at both ends of the data segment and assemble it into a frame fragment and then send it to the transceiver unit 304, or remove the delimiter at both ends of the frame fragment reported by the transceiver unit 304.
  • Data segmentation is reported to the data frame segmentation intercept/assembly unit;
  • transceiver unit 304 configured to send/receive frame fragments
  • the data frame storage unit 301 includes the following subunits: a data frame storage subunit to be transmitted. 3011 and receive data frame storage subunit 3012.
  • the transceiver unit 304 includes the following subunits: a pulse trigger subunit 3041, a data sampling subunit 3042, a delimiter identification subunit 3043, a data transmission subunit 3044, and a time slot monitoring subunit 3045.
  • the time slot monitoring unit 3045 is connected to the pulse triggering subunit 3041 for detecting whether a certain time delay is reached after the start time or the start of each time slot, and starting the pulse triggering subunit 3041 to start working.
  • the pulse triggering subunit 3041 is turned off at the end of the time slot or at the end.
  • the pulse triggering subunit 3041 When the data is transmitted, the pulse triggering subunit 3041 generates a transmission pulse according to the trigger signal start period output by the time slot monitoring unit 3045, and the data frame segmentation/assembly unit 302 intercepts the data to be transmitted from the to-be-sent data frame storage subunit 3011.
  • the data segment is transmitted by the delimiter addition/removal unit 303 after adding the delimiter and assembling into a frame fragment, and is transmitted by the data transmission subunit 3044 at the timing of the transmission pulse outputted by the pulse trigger subunit 3041.
  • the time slot monitoring subunit 3045 detects a certain time delay at the beginning or after the start of each time slot according to the local time, and sends a trigger signal to the pulse triggering subunit 3041, and the pulse triggering subunit 3041 generates a periodic sampling according to the trigger signal.
  • the clock is output to the data sampling subunit.
  • the data sampling subunit 3042 samples the received data at the sampling pulse time, and synchronously inputs the sampling data to the data identification subunit 3043.
  • the data identification subunit 3043 detects the energy of the sampling signal by using a sliding window method.
  • delimiter addition/removal The unit 303 removes the delimiter and reports it to the data frame segmentation/assembly unit 302. The data is successfully assembled and stored in the received data frame storage sub-unit 3012.
  • the present invention further provides a data interaction system, including a transmitting end 401 and a receiving end 402, where:
  • the sending end 401 includes: a sending unit 4011, a data frame segmentation intercepting unit 4012, and a delimiter adding unit 4013.
  • the data frame segment intercepting and loading unit 4012 intercepts the data segment of the data frame to be transmitted and sends the data segment to the delimitation.
  • Adding unit 4013, the delimiter adding unit 4013 adds a delimiter at both ends of the data segment and assembles it into a frame fragment and transmits it through the transmitting unit 4011;
  • the sending end 401 further comprising: data to be transmitted the frame memory unit 4014, connected to said data frame segments interception unit 4012 for storing the data frame to be transmitted;
  • the sending unit 4011 includes: a first time slot monitoring subunit 40111, a first pulse triggering subunit 40112, and a data sending subunit 40113;
  • the first time slot monitoring subunit 40111 monitors whether the start time of the transmission frame fragmentation time slot or the set time delay after the start, and whether the time slot ends or the set time slot period is about to end, and at the beginning When the time delay or the start delay is reached, the corresponding pulse trigger signal is output to the data transmitting subunit 40113 through the first pulse triggering subunit 40112, and the trigger signal is turned off when the time slot is about to end; the data transmitting subunit 40113 Sending a frame fragment according to the pulse trigger signal; the receiving end includes 402: a receiving unit 4021, a delimiter removing unit 4022, and a data frame segment assembling unit 4023, and the delimiter removing unit 4022 removes receiving by the receiving unit 4021.
  • the delimiter at both ends of the frame fragment reports the data segment to the data frame segment assembling unit 4023, and the data frame segment assembling unit 4023 reassembles the data segment.
  • the receiving end further includes: a receiving data frame storage unit 4024, and the data frame segment assembling unit 4023 is connected to store the reassembled data segment.
  • the receiving unit 4021 includes: a second time slot monitoring subunit 40211, a second pulse triggering subunit 40212, a data sampling subunit 40213, and a data identifying subunit 40214;
  • the second pulse triggering sub-unit 40212 triggers the data sampling sub-unit 40213 according to the trigger signal output by the time slot monitoring sub-unit 40211 to generate a periodic sampling pulse, and the data sampling sub-unit 40213 periodically samples and receives the data. And synchronizing the sampled data into the data identification sub-unit 40214, the data identification sub-unit 40214 detecting the start delimiter of the frame fragment and the end delimiter according to the energy of the sampled signal, and identifying valid data between the delimiters, The recognition result is reported to the delimiter removal unit.
  • the following is an example of a specific implementation of the start flag SOC or the end flag EOC.
  • two types of transmit energy values can be defined, such as high H/low L, corresponding to 0 and 1, respectively, for transmitting different
  • the flag bit symbol for example, the high energy symbol indicates 1 and the low energy symbol indicates 0, (H - l, L - 0), and in one symbol period, if the first half is low energy and the second half is high energy
  • the symbol is the start flag SOC, and the opposite is the end flag EOC.
  • the figure below is the energy pulse mode at this time.
  • define several different energy levels for example, divided into four energy levels, corresponding to the code 00/01/10/11, (such as 0-00, 1-01, 2-10, 3-11). This can carry more information per unit time, but the receiver needs multiple thresholds for decision making.
  • the energy symbol must last for a certain period of time. For high-speed sampling frequencies, multiple sample points are required to represent an energy symbol. Taking the two energy value symbols of Fig. 11 as an example, one energy symbol period represents only one bit information. Assuming a sampling frequency of 10 MHz, if the symbol time lasts 10 ⁇ s to be reliable, then each bit needs 100 samples to represent. For example, as shown in Figure 12, a frame fragment with the content "SOC, 0, 1, EOC" needs to be transmitted. The signal that the sender needs to send is: 50 consecutive 0s, 50 consecutive 1s, consecutive 100 0s, consecutive 150 ones, and finally 50 consecutive zeros.
  • the spirit and scope of the invention Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of the inventions

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Description

一种数据交互方法、 系统及数据收发设备 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术， 特别涉及一种数据交互方法、 系统及数据收发设 备。 背景技术
宽带无线接入技术目前蓬勃发展， 利用无线资源开展宽带城域接入的技 术具有很强的生命力和市场空间。 在不少区域， BS ( Base Station, 基站） 比 较密集， 基站与基站之间存在重合的覆盖区域。 如图 1所示， BS1和 BS2是 距离较近的两个基站， 而 SS ( Subscriber Station, 用户站） 1一 1 是属于 BS1 的一个终端。 艮显然， SSI— 1必须位于 BS1的覆盖范围内。 如果 BS2和该终 端距离也比较近， 则 BS2也能覆盖到该终端所在位置。 这样， 当 BS1和 BS2 使用相同的频点时， SSI— 1就会受到 BS2的干扰。
如果 BS1和 BS2只能使用相同的频点， 为避免在该终端处产生干扰， 可 以让该系统各设备处于同步状态， 即 BS1和 BS2的收、 发都是同时进行的， 并且在共同覆盖区域内， BS1和 BS2分时工作， 即 BS1往 SSI— 1发数据时， BS2需要停止往该位置发送数据， SS1—1有数据发往 BS1时， 该位置处属于 BS2的终端需要停止发送数据。
再来看 BS1 和 SS1—1 之间的数据传输， 终端和所属基站总是同步的， SSI— 1能确定 BS1发送数据的起始位置。但 BS1和 SS1一 1之间存在传输延时， SSI— 1要能正确采样到 BS1发送过来的数据， 还必须知道该延迟参数， 这个 参数可以通过测距等方式来实际测得。
在有些情况下， BS2也需要与 SSI— 1通信，例如 BS2通过 CTS( Coexistence Time Slot, 共存专用时间片）专用时隙将自己的 IP地址广播给邻近的终端。 如图 2所示， 每个数据帧都有一个帧头 SOF ( Start Of Frame, 帧起始标志）、 帧尾 EOF ( End Of Frame, 帧结束标志）标记， 中间为携带 IP地址的 PLD ( Payload, 净荷）域。 然后将数据帧拆分为帧分片， 其中， SOF和 EOF分别 单独占用一个帧分片，帧分片在分配给 IP地址广播消息的专用 CTS时隙内逐 片发送。帧分片接收设备在 CTS时隙起始位置处检测 SOF标志，检测到之后， 其后的各个 CTS都被视为数据帧的内容， 直至接收到 EOF标志， 完成一个数 据帧的接收。 两个 CTS专用时隙之间包括上行链路 ( UL, Up Link )数据发 送时隙和下行链路（DL, Down link )数据发送时隙。
因为 SS1_1不属于 BS2, 甚至可能两者使用的物理层技术都不尽相同， 所以 BS2和 SS1_1之间可能无法进行测距， 进而无法获得准确的延时参数。
假设 BS1到 SS1_1的延时为 tl , 该值可以通过测距比较精确地获得。 而 BS2到 SSI— 1的时延为 t2, SSI— 1无法测得该值。但 SS1—1采样 BS2通过 CTS 广播的数据时， 仍是以 tl为标准延时进行采样的。
参见图 3所示， 当 tl<t2时， 在 CTS时隙内， SSI J开始采样的数据是无 效信号， 之后才是有效的信号。 而且， 位于 CTS之后的时隙也会受到 CTS的 干扰。 相反， 当 tl>t2时， CTS之前的时隙的最后一部分数据也会受到干扰。 这种延迟的不确定性使得在 CTS时隙内难以检测到正确的起始标志或结束标 志信号， 导致通信无法成功。
异种设备之间的通信， 采用的是能量信号方式， 为解决此问题， 由于基 站的功率和覆盖范围一般都在一定的限度范围内， 通过增大符号周期到一定 宽度， 可以保证起始标志信号能被正确判决。 但是符号周期增大， 直接导致 CTS周期内能传递的符号数量减少， 带宽利用率低下。 发明内容
本发明提供一种数据交互方法、 系统及数据收发设备， 以解决现有通过 增大符号周期保证信号被正确判决时， 导致专用时隙周期内能传递的符号数 量减少， 带宽利用率低下的问题。
一种数据交互方法， 包括如下步骤：
发送端逐片发送帧分片， 所述帧分片包括数据帧中的有效数据分段和位 于该数据分段两端的起始定界符和结束定界符；
接收端根据所述起始定界符和结束定界符逐片接收位于每一个帧分片中 的有效数据段。
其中， 所述数据帧包括至少一个帧分片， 该数据帧的所有帧分片在每一 个时隙周期中的固定时隙发送。
所述固定时隙的头部和尾部分别设置有不能使用的空闲部分。
所述方法中， 位于其中每一个帧分片中有效数据段的接收过程为： 接收 端在每一个固定时隙的开始时间或开始后的设定时延到达后开始检测帧分片 的起始定界符， 并在检测到起始定界符时开始接收有效数据段， 接收过程中 同步检测该帧分片的结束定界符， 在检测到结束定界符时停止接收。
较佳的， 所述起始定界符或结束定界符中的前、 后半部分的发射能量不 同， 接收端采用滑动窗口的方法进行检测。
其中，所述的数据帧为 IP地址广播消息帧，所述的固定时隙为 IP地址广 播消息帧的共存专用时间片 CTS。
本发明还提供一种数据交互系统， 包括发送端和接收端， 其中： 所述发送端包括： 发送单元、 数据帧分段截取单元和定界符添加单元， 所述数据帧分段截取装单元截取待发送数据帧的数据分段并发送给定界符添 加单元，，所述定界符添加单元在数据分段两端添加定界符并组装为帧分片后 通过发送单元发送；
所述接收端包括： 接收单元、 数据帧分段组装单元和定界符去除单元， 所述定界符去除单元去除接收单元接收的帧分片两端的定界符， 将数据分段 上报给数据帧分段组装单元， 所述数据帧分段组装单元重组所述数据分段。
进一步， 所述发送端还包括： 待发送数据帧存储单元， 连接所述数据帧 分段截取单元， 用于存储待发送数据帧；
所述接收端还包括： 接收数据帧存储单元， 连接所述数据帧分段组装单 元， 用于存储重组后的数据分段。
进一步， 所述发送单元包括： 第一时隙监测子单元、 第一脉冲触发子单 元、 数据发送子单元；
所述第一时隙监测子单元监测发送帧分片时隙的开始时间或开始后设定 时延是否到达， 以及时隙是否结束或设定的时隙周期即将结束， 并在所述开 始时间或开始后设定时延到达时通过所述第一脉冲触发子单元向所述数据发 送子单元发送所述脉冲触发信号， 所述数据发送子单元根据所述脉冲触发信 号发送所述定界符添加单元组装的帧分片；
所述接收单元包括： 第二时隙监测子单元、 第二脉沖触发子单元、 数据 采样子单元和数据识别子单元；
所述第二脉冲触发子单元根据所述时隙监测子单元输出的触发信号产生 所需的周期性采样脉冲触发所述数据采样子单元， 所述数据采样子单元周期 性采样接收的数据并将采样数据同步输入数据识别子单元， 数据识别子单元 根据采样信号的能量检测帧分片的起始定界符、 结束定界符， 识别定界符之 间的有效数据， 并将识别结果上报给定界符去除单元。
本发明还提供一种数据收发设备， 包括收发单元， 还包括数据帧分段截 取 /组装单元和定界符添加 /去除单元：
所述数据帧分段截取 /组装单元截取待发送数据帧的数据分段并发送给定 界符添加 /去除单元， 所述定界符添加 /去除单元在数据分段两端添加定界符并 组装为帧分片后发送给收发单元发送； 或者
所述定界符添加 /去除单元去除收发单元接收的帧分片两端的定界符后将 数据分段上^ =艮给数据帧分段截取 /组装单元， 所迷数据帧分段截取 /組装单元重 组所述数据分段。
进一步， 所述数据收发设备还包括： 数据帧存储单元， 连接数据帧分段 截取 /组装单元， 用于存储数据帧。
进一步， 所述数据帧存储单元包括： 待发送数据帧存储子单元和接收数 据帧存储子单元。
所述收发单元包括： 时隙监测子单元、 脉冲触发子单元、 数据采样子单 元、 数据识别子单元和数据发送子单元； 所述时隙监测子单元监测发送帧分片时隙的开始时间或开始后设定时延 是否到达， 以及时隙是否结束或设定的时隙周期即将结束， 并在所述开始时 间或开始后设定时延到达时向数据采样子单元输出相应的触发信号， 时隙即 将结束时关闭触发信号； 所述数据发送子单元根据所述脉冲触发信号发送所 述定界符添加单元组装的帧分片；
所述脉冲触发子单元 据所述时隙监测子单元输出的触发信号产生所需 的周期性采样脉冲触发所述数据采样子单元， 所述数据采样子单元周期性采 样接收的数据并将采样数据同步输入数据识别子单元， 数据识别子单元根据 采样信号的能量检测帧分片的起始定界符、 结束定界符， 识别定界符之间的 有效数据， 并将识别结果上报给定界符去除单元。
本发明的有益效果如下：
应用本发明所述技术方案 , 在未知参数的共存设备之间， 不采用同步方 式， 而是釆用异步通讯方式。 在每个时隙只有中间部分为有效段， 并在有效 段内发送的帧分片两端设有起始定界符和结束定界符。 接收设备检测到起始 定界符才开始接收数据， 直至接收到结束定界符， 从而不需要通过加大专用 时隙单个符号的宽度来补偿因接收时间不同步造成的接收数据判决错误， 大 大减小了专用时隙占用的系统带宽。 附图说明
图 1为邻近的两个基站存在共同覆盖点示意图；
图 2为数据帧的帧格式以及数据帧被分为帧分片发送的示意图； 图 3为 BS2通过 CTS专用时隙发送帧分片的示意图；
图 4为本发明所述方法只使用 CTS专用时隙中的部分发送帧分片的示意 图；
图 5为本发明所述方法帧分片的结构及划分方式示意图；
图 6为异步检测 SOC标志的示例；
图 7为本发明所述方法在数据发送端的处理流程； 图 8为本发明所述方法在数据接收端的处理流程；
图 9为本发明所述数据收发设备的结构示意图；
图 10为本发明所述数据交互系统的主要结构示意图；
图 11为能量符号示例；
图 12为能量符号传输示例。 具体实施方式
如图 4所示， 仍以 IP地址广播消息的发送和接收为例进行说明， 在每个 CTS时隙内， 开始（Start )和结束（End )都预留出一段空隙不使用， 这样可 以保证通过 CTS时隙内中间有效 tValid发送的帧分片到达目的设备时， 可以可 靠地完全落在该设备的采样区间并防止相邻时隙收发数据的干扰。
按基站的发送功率、 无线电的传输特性等参数， 可以估计出 ^^和！；!^的 经验值， 如最大在 150us左右。
如图 5所示， 为本发明所述帧分片的结构及划分方式示意图， 根据 tValid 的有效区间长度划分帧分片， 并在每一个帧分片的前面加上时隙开始的起始 定界符、 即起始标志 SOC ( Start OfCTS ), 后面加上时隙结束的结束定界符、 即尾标志 EOC ( End Of CTS )。 这样， 接收设备通过时隙的 SOC标志识别数 据帧的第一分片、 根据尾标志 EOC识别数据帧的最后分片， 从而可以识别出 有效的数据段。 时隙的头、 尾标志可以与数据帧的起始和结束标志一样， 不 会妨碍接收设备的判断。
仍如图 5所示，其中，最后一个帧分片内，可以设置填充域 PAD( Padding, 填充域）保持各分片长度的一致。 填充域不是必须的， 不添加时， 可以将帧 的结束标志和 CTS时隙的尾标志提前， 终端收到结束标志时停止接收， 即使 添加了 PAD, 在每一帧的帧头中， 携带有该帧数据长度信息， 接收端可以根 据该帧数据长度信息确定有效数据的尾部及校验码 check, 从而完整接收并校 验有效数据。
接收设备不需要在 CTS时隙内， 同步检测发送携带 SOF标志的帧分片， 而是采用滑动窗口来检测 CTS的 SOC标志， 并且可以在 CTS时隙开始后延 后一段时间开始异步检测， 延后的时间根据经验值选择为最短时延参数， 有 效减少了采样无效数据的概率。
滑动窗口法就是用一个固定长度的窗口， 在有效周期内移动， 每次移动 一定数量的样本， 如一个采样点。 并对落入该窗口的各个部分数据的能量进 行判断， 确定各部分的数据能量所属的设定的阈值区间， 以此识别出该信号。
如图 6所示， 是一个异步检测 SOC标志的筒单示例， SOC是前半周期为 低， 后半周期为高的筒单信号， 对其判断只需设定一个阈值。 图中， 在滑动 窗口移至第五个位置后， 窗口内前半部分的信号能量低于阈值， 后半部分的 信号能量超过了阔值， 因此认为窗口此时的位置就是 SOC的位置。
检测到 SOC之后 ,其后的数据就是数据帧内的有效数据，直至检测到 EOC 标志后， 结束一个数据帧的接收。
使用该种帧分片格式，在每个 CTS时隙中发送的帧分片中加入 SOC、EOC 标志， 并在接收端采用异步检测方式， 可以有效消除没有测距造成的接收错 误负面影响，使得 CTS时隙的长度只需要在有效 CTS数据长度加入最大提前 时间和最大延迟时间保护， 而不需要通过加大 CTS单个符号的宽度来补偿这 种接收时间不同步造成的接收数据判决错误， 能大大减小 CTS的占用的系统 带宽。
上述说明以 IP地址广播消息的收发为例， 由于本发明所述方法不需要在 同步完成数据的接收和发送， 因此数据接收设备和数据发送设备之间不必进 行时延测试， 由此本发明所述方法可以应用于任何同种或异种通信设备之间 进行数据交互， 其中， 发送端的数据处理流程如图 7所示， 包括如下步骤：
5101、 截取待发送的数据帧的数据分段；
5102、 在数据分段两端添加起始定界符和结束定界符并封装为帧分片；
5103、 .判断发送帧分片的时间是否到达， 如果是则继续； 否则循环本步 骤 S103继续判断；
帧分片在该数据帧的专用发送时隙的开始时间或从该开始时间延迟的设 定时间时发送。
5104、 在该专用时隙内发送帧分片；
5105、 判断是否还有待发送数据， 如果有则继续； 否则结束；
5106、 截取下一个数据分段后返回步骤 S102。
接收端的处理流程如图 8所示， 包括如下步骤：
5201、判断开始采样专用时隙的时间是否到达，如果是则继续步骤 S202, 否则循环步骤 S201 ;
开始采样的时间为时隙的开始时间或开始后的设定时延， 设定时延根据 经验值一般取为最小时延。
5202、 周期性判断是否收到帧分片的起始定界符， 如果是则继续步驟 S203 , 否则循环步骤 S202;
S203 接收所述数据分段并同步判断是否收到该帧分片的结束定界符， 如果是则结束接收该帧分片并继续步骤 S204, 否则循环步骤 S203;
S204、 判断下一个时隙是否开始， 如果是则返回步骤 S201 , 否则循环步 骤 S204。
为实现本发明所述技术方案， 本发明还提供一种用于通信设备的数据收 发设备 300， 如图 9所示， 包括数据帧存储单元 301、 数据帧分段截取 /组装单 元 302、 定界符添加 /去除单元 303、 收发单元 304, 其中：
数据帧存储单元 301 , 连接数据帧分段截取 /组装单元 302， 用于存储数据 帧；
数据帧分段截取 /组装单元 302, 用于截取待发送数据帧的数据分段并发 送给定界符添加 /去除单元 303 ,或組装定界符添加 /去除单元上报的数据分段； 定界符添加 /去除单元 303 , 用于在数据分段两端添加定界符并组装为帧 分片后发送给收发单元 304,或者去除收发单元 304上报的帧分片两端的定界 符后将数据分段上报给数据帧分段截取 /组装单元；
收发单元 304, 用于发送 /接收帧分片；
其中， 数据帧存储单元 301 包括以下子单元： 待发送数据帧存储子单元 3011和接收数据帧存储子单元 3012。
收发单元 304中包括以下子单元： 脉冲触发子单元 3041、 数据采样子单 元 3042、 定界符识别子单元 3043、 数据发送子单元 3044以及时隙监测子单 元 3045。
时隙监测单元 3045, 连接所述脉冲触发子单元 3041 , 用于检测到每一个 时隙开始时间或开始后一定时延是否到达， 并启动所述脉冲触发子单元 3041 开始工作。 在时隙即将结束或结束时关闭所述脉冲触发子单元 3041。
数据发送时， 脉冲触发子单元 3041根据所述时隙监测单元 3045输出的 触发信号开始周期产生发送脉冲， 数据帧分段截取 /组装单元 302从待发送数 据帧存储子单元 3011中截取待发送数据的数据分段，由定界符添加 /去除单元 303添加定界符并组装为帧分片后， 在脉冲触发子单元 3041输出的发送脉冲 时刻通过数据发送子单元 3044发送。
数据接收时， 时隙监测子单元 3045根据本地时间检测到每一个时隙开始 时或开始后一定时延， 向脉冲触发子单元 3041发送触发信号， 脉冲触发子单 元 3041根据触发信号产生周期性采样时钟输出给数据釆样子单元， 数据采样 子单元 3042在采样脉冲时刻采样接收数据， 并将采样数据同步输入到数据识 别子单元 3043 ,数据识别子单元 3043根据采样信号的能量， 采用滑动窗口法 检测出帧分片的起始定界符、 结束定界符， 并识别两个定界符之间的有效数 据， 然后将识别结果上报给定界符添加 /去除单元 303 , 定界符添加 /去除单元 303去除定界符后上报给数据帧分段截取 /组装单元 302,数据被成功组装后存 入接收数据帧存储子单元 3012。
如图 10所示， 本发明还提供一种数据交互系统， 包括发送端 401和接收 端 402, 其中：
所述发送端 401包括： 发送单元 4011、数据帧分段截取单元 4012和定界 符添加单元 4013 ,所述数据帧分段截取装单元 4012截取待发送数据帧的数据 分段并发送给定界符添加单元 4013 ,所述定界符添加单元 4013在数据分段两 端添加定界符并组装为帧分片后通过发送单元 4011发送； 进一步， 所述发送端 401还包括： 待发送数据帧存储单元 4014， 连接所 述数据帧分段截取单元 4012, 用于存储待发送数据帧；
进一步， 所述发送单元 4011 包括： 第一时隙监测子单元 40111、 第一脉 冲触发子单元 40112、 数据发送子单元 40113;
所述第一时隙监测子单元 40111监测发送帧分片时隙的开始时间或开始 后设定时延是否到达， 以及时隙是否结束或设定的时隙周期即将结束， 并在 所述开始时间或开始后设定时延到达时向通过第一脉冲触发子单元 40112向 所述数据发送子单元 40113输出相应的脉冲触发信号， 时隙即将结束时关闭 触发信号； 所述数据发送子单元 40113根据所述脉冲触发信号发送帧分片； 所述接收端包括 402: 接收单元 4021、 定界符去除单元 4022和数据帧分 段组装单元 4023 , 所述定界符去除单元 4022去除接收单元 4021接收的帧分 片两端的定界符， 将数据分段上报给数据帧分段组装单元 4023， 所述数据帧 分段组装单元 4023重组所述数据分段。
进一步， 所述接收端还包括： 接收数据帧存储单元 4024, 连接所述数据 帧分段组装单元 4023， 用于存储重組后的数据分段。
进一步， 所述接收单元 4021包括： 第二时隙监测子单元 40211、 第二脉 沖触发子单元 40212、 数据采样子单元 40213和数据识别子单元 40214;
所述第二脉冲触发子单元 40212根据所述时隙监测子单元 40211输出的 触发信号产生所需的周期性采样脉冲触发所述数据采样子单元 40213 ,所述数 据采样子单元 40213周期性采样接收的数据并将采样数据同步输入数据识别 子单元 40214，数据识别子单元 40214根据采样信号的能量检测帧分片的起始 定界符、 结束定界符， 识别定界符之间的有效数据， 并将识别结果上报给定 界符去除单元。
下面举例说明起始标志 SOC或结束标志 EOC的具体实现方法， 例如图 11所示， 可以定义两种发送能量值， 比如高 H/低 L两种， 分别对应 0和 1 , 用于发送不同的标志位符号， 例如高能量符号表示 1 , 低能量符号表示 0, (H - l,L - 0) , 而在一个符号周期内， 如果前一半为低能量， 后一半为高能量的 符号则为起始标志 SOC, 相反的则为结束标志 EOC。 下图是此时的能量脉冲 模式。 或者定义几种不同能量等级， 例如分为 4种能量高低值， 分别对应编 码 00/01/10/11， （如 0-00, 1-01, 2-10, 3-11)。 这样可以在单位时间内 承载更多信息， 但接收端需要多个阈值来进行判决。
能量符号必须持续一定的时间， 对于高速的采样频率来说， 即需要多个 采样点来表示一个能量符号。 以图 11的两种能量值符号为例， 一个能量符号 周期只表示一个比特信息。 假设采样频率为 10MHz, 如果符号时间持续 lOus 才能可靠判决， 则每个比特需要 100个采样点来表示。 例如图 12所示， 需要 传送一个内容为" SOC, 0, 1, EOC"的帧分片， 则发送方需要发送的信号为： 连续 50个 0, 连续 50个 1, 连续 100个 0， 连续 150个 1， 最后是连续 50个 0。 发明的精神和范围。 这样， 倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要 求及其等同技术的范围之内， 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种数据交互方法， 其特征在于， 包括如下步骤：
发送端逐片发送帧分片， 所述帧分片包括数据帧中的有效数据分段和位 于该数据分段两端的起始定界符和结束定界符；
接收端根据所述起始定界符和结束定界符逐片接收位于每一个帧分片中 的有效数据段。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述数据帧包括至少一个帧 分片 , 该数据帧的所有帧分片在每一个时隙周期中的固定时隙发送。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括： 所述固定 时隙的头部和尾部分别设置有不能使用的空闲部分。
4、 如权利要求 2或 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 位于其中每一个帧分片 中有效数据段的接收过程为： 接收端在每一个固定时隙的开始时间或开始后 的设定时延到达后开始检测帧分片的起始定界符， 并在检测到起始定界符时 开始接收有效数据段， 接收过程中同步检测该帧分片的结束定界符， 在检测 到结束定界符时停止接收。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述起始定界符或结束定界 符中的前、 后半部分的发射能量不同， 接收端采用滑动窗口的方法进行检测。
6、如权利要求 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述的数据帧为 IP地址广播 消息帧， 所述的固定时隙为 IP地址广播消息帧的共存专用时间片 CTS。
7、 一种数据交互系统， 包括发送端和接收端， 其特征在于：
所述发送端包括： 发送单元、 数据帧分段截取单元和定界符添加单元， 所述数据帧分段截取装单元截取待发送数据帧的数据分段并发送给定界符添 加单元， 所述定界符添加单元在数据分段两端添加定养符并组装为帧分片后 通过发送单元发送；
所述接收端包括： 接收单元、 数据帧分段组装单元和定界符去除单元， 所述定界符去除单元去除接收单元接收的帧分片两端的定界符， 将数据分段 上报给数据帧分段组装单元， 所述数据帧分段组装单元重组所述数据分段。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的数据交互系统， 其特征在于：
所述发送端还包括： 待发送数据帧存储单元， 连接所述数据帧分段截取 单元， 用于存储待发送数据帧；
所述接收端还包括： 接收数据帧存储单元， 连接所述数据帧分段組装单 元， 用于存储重组后的数据分段。
9、 如权利要求 7所述的数据交互系统， 其特征在于：
所述发送单元包括： 第一时隙监测子单元、 第一脉冲触发子单元、 数据 发送子单元；
所述第一时隙监测子单元监测发送帧分片时隙的开始时间或开始后设定 时延是否到达， 以及时隙是否结束或设定的时隙周期即将结束， 并在所述开 始时间或开始后设定时延到达时通过所述第一脉沖触发子单元向所述数据发 送子单元发送所述脉冲触发信号， 所述数据发送子单元根据所述脉冲触发信 号发送所述定界符添加单元组装的帧分片；
所述接收单元包括： 第二时隙监测子单元、 第二脉冲触发子单元、 数据 采样子单元和数据识别子单元；
所述第二脉冲触发子单元根据所述时隙监测子单元输出的触发信号产生 所需的周期性采样脉冲触发所述数据采样子单元， 所述数据采样子单元周期 性采样接收的数据并将采样数据同步输入数据识别子单元， 数据识别子单元 根据采样信号的能量检测帧分片的起始定界符、 结束定界符， 识别定界符之 间的有效数据， 并将识别结果上报给定界符去除单元。
10、 一种数据收发设备， 包括收发单元， 其特征在于， 还包括数据帧分 段截取 /组装单元和定界符添加 /去除单元：
所述数据帧分段截取 /组装单元截取待发送数据帧的数据分段并发送给定 界符添加 /去除单元 , 所述定界符添加 /去除单元在数据分段两端添加定界符并 組装为帧分片后发送给收发单元发送； 或者
所述定界符添加 /去除单元去除收发单元接收的帧分片两端的定界符后将 数据分段上报给数据帧分段截取 /组装单元， 所述数据帧分段截取 /组装单元重 组所述数据分段。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的数据收发设备， 其特征在于， 所述数据收发设 备还包括： 数据帧存储单元， 连接数据帧分段截取 /组装单元， 用于存储数据 帧。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的数据收发设备， 其特征在于， 所述数据帧存储 单元包括： 待发送数据帧存储子单元和接收数据帧存储子单元。
13、 如权利要求 10所述的数据收发设备， 其特征在于， 所述收发单元包 括： 时隙监测子单元、 脉冲触发子单元、 数据采样子单元、 数据识别子单元 和数据发送子单元；
所述时隙监测子单元监测发送帧分片时隙的开始时间或开始后设定时延 是否到达， 以及时隙是否结束或设定的时隙周期即将结束， 并在所述开始时 间或开始后设定时延到达时向数据采样子单元输出相应的触发信号， 时隙即 将结束时关闭触发信号； 所述数据发送子单元根据所述脉冲触发信号发送所 述定界符添加单元组装的帧分片；
所述脉冲触发子单元根据所述时隙监测子单元输出的触发信号产生所需 的周期性采样脉冲触发所述数据采样子单元， 所述数据采样子单元周期性采 样接收的数据并将采样数据同步输入数据识别子单元 , 数据识别子单元根据 采样信号的能量检测帧分片的起始定界符、 结束定界符， 识别定界符之间的 有效数据， 并将识别结果上报给定界符去除单元。
PCT/CN2006/002578 2005-11-11 2006-09-29 Méthode d’interaction de données, système et dispositif émetteur/récepteur de données WO2007054005A1 (fr)

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