WO2006131585A2 - Swivel-mounted cupboard with rotating shelves - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cupboard which can swivel between a horizontal storage position and a vertical access or loading position. The inventive cupboard comprises at least two parallel upper posts (2) which can swivel around an upper swivel axis (3) and two parallel lower posts (4) which are parallel to the upper posts and which can swivel around a lower swivel axis (5). The invention also comprises a plurality of shelves (1) which are rotatably articulated with the aforementioned posts and means for maintaining said shelves in the horizontal position, such that, when the cupboard is swivelled, the shelves maintain the base permanently in the horizontal position.

Description

 D E S C R I P C I Ó N

"TILTING CABINET WITH ROTATING SHELVES"

Technical sector of the invention

The invention relates to a cabinet and more particularly to a tilting cabinet, which can be tilted between a horizontal storage position and a vertical access or load position, and comprising a plurality of rotating shelves that always keep their base in a horizontal position.

Background of the invention

The horizontal fixed high cabinets or heights are known, which to take advantage of the space available in the part adjacent to the ceiling, above the height necessary for the passage of people and not occupy a floor space at ground level, are installed in the roof of homes and / or offices to store objects.

These cabinets, although they do not occupy a floor space at ground level, are impractical due both to the difficulty of accessing them through a staircase, and because of the difficulty of keeping the objects in order, because In general, the access door is very small in relation to the surface of the shelves.

Elevated vertical cabinets are also known which can pivot from a high storage position, adjacent to the ceiling, to a lower loading position and accessible to the user. Document US4134629 discloses a cabinet of said characteristics that, although it does not occupy a floor space at ground level and allows easier access in the loading position, has the disadvantage that, in buildings with a ceiling height Conventionally, the dimensions of the cabinet must be very small to allow the user to pass under said cabinet when it is in the storage position.

Explanation of the invention

The main objective of the present invention is to provide a cabinet to install horizontally, particularly in the ceiling of a corridor or a place passing, so that it can swing between a horizontal storage position, adjacent to the ceiling, and a vertical position of access or load.

One of the main characteristics of the tilting cabinet of the present invention is that it comprises at least one rotating shelf that always maintains its base in a horizontal position. Said horizontal position is maintained regardless of whether the cabinet is in one of said storage or loading positions, or is in any other intermediate position, so that, when the cabinet tilts from one of these positions to another, the objects stored in the shelf or shelves, they always remain in the same position in which they were loaded.

The cabinet is basically formed by two upper uprights parallel to each other, two lower uprights parallel to each other and parallel to the upper uprights and by one or a plurality of rotatably articulated shelves on said uprights. In addition, the cabinet can comprise transverse reinforcement elements fixed respectively to the upper and / or lower uprights, in addition to longitudinal reinforcement elements that articulate the upper and lower uprights articulated together.

Obviously, e! Closet can consist of a single shelf.

The upper uprights are supported by an upper tilt axis and the lower uprights are supported by a lower tilt axis. The tilting axes are parallel to each other and perpendicular to their respective uprights; both axes are supported, in a manner known per se, in the fixed structure in which the cabinet is installed, and in turn support the cabinet. These two tilting axes are separated by a distance "X" horizontally and a distance "Y" vertically.

The cabinet is configured in such a way that, to move from the storage position to the loading position or vice versa, the upper and lower uprights swing around their respective tilt axes, maintaining the parallelism between them. Each of said rotating shelves is pivotally articulated on the four uprights so that each shelf has a lower pivot axis articulated on the lower uprights, and an upper pivot axis articulated on the upper uprights. The axes of rotation are parallel to each other and parallel to the tilt axes of the uprights, so that the distance between said axes The upper and lower rotation of each shelf is in the horizontal direction equal to the distance "X" which in the horizontal direction separates the upper and lower tilt axes of the uprights, and in the vertical direction is equal to the distance "Y "which vertically separates said tilting axes from the uprights. According to another feature of the present invention, said shelves further comprise a movable lid that is practicable when the cabinet is in the vertical access or load position. Said cover can be moved between a closed position and an open position, in such a way that in the open position it allows access to the shelf for loading and unloading of objects, and in the closed position it limits a space inside the intended shelf. to the load, to avoid that when the cabinet is moved from the storage position to the loading position or vice versa, interference can occur between the objects stored in the shelves and other parts of the cabinet or the support structure.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the cabinet comprises a lifting device, preferably driven by a reducing motor that acts on a tension belt, fixed at least to one upright at a point away from the tilt axis to move the cabinet from the storage position to the loading position and vice versa.

Another feature of the present invention is that it comprises a retention device fixed on the structure that supports the cabinet. Said device has an active position suitable for retaining the cabinet in the horizontal storage position, resting on the device itself and a non-active position that allows the cabinet to be freely displaced between said rest and storage positions and vice versa. According to a preferred embodiment of the cabinet of the present invention said device is designed in such a way that the cabinet itself automatically activates the active position of the device when the cabinet is moved from the loading position to the storage position, and the cabinet itself automatically deactivates said active position of the device when it is transferred from the storage position to the loading position.

According to another feature of the present invention, the tilting cabinet comprises an anti-slip safety device to prevent that, in case of failure of the lifting device, the cabinet can swing without control and collapse. Said device is also suitable for detecting when the cabinet rests supported by the retention device and provide an electrical signal to deactivate the performance of the lifting device. The anti-crash device is also capable of detecting when an obstacle prevents the movement of the cabinet and providing a signal to deactivate the operation of the lifting device. According to another feature of the present invention, the cabinet comprises a manual interlocking device for fixing the cabinet in the vertical access or loading position and preventing the cabinet from being displaced when loading and unloading operations are performed.

According to another feature of the present invention, the cabinet comprises a safety device that ensures the closure of the covers and prevents the user from opening any lid if the cabinet is not previously locked in the vertical position. Reciprocally, in order to unlock the cabinet from the vertical position, the user must first completely close all the covers and activate said device that ensures the closing of the covers. According to another characteristic of the invention, the procedure for carrying out a complete cycle of unloading, loading and storage, comprises the following steps: a) Starting from the cabinet in the horizontal storage position, the operating cycle starts when the user activates the device of raising and lowering to lower the cabinet.

Said stage is carried out in such a way that, at the beginning of the same, the cabinet rises slightly exceeding the horizontal position to deactivate the retention device that supports the cabinet in the horizontal position, and then, after deactivating said device, invert the direction of movement and descend to the vertical position of access and load, said retention device being locked in a non-active position, which allows the cabinet to descend to the vertical position and subsequently ascend to the horizontal position without being hindered. b) Manually lock the cabinet in the vertical position of access and load. c) Release the device that ensures the closure of the covers. d) Open the corresponding shelf lid and load and unload objects. e) Close the covers of the shelves that have been opened. f) Secure the device that ensures the closure of the covers g) Unlock the device that fixes the cabinet in the vertical position and prevents

The start-up of the lifting device. h) Activate the lifting and lowering device to move the cabinet from the vertical loading position to the horizontal storage position. i) Hold the cabinet in the storage position.

Said stage is performed so that the cabinet, after reaching the horizontal position, continues ascending to activate the retention device. Then, once said device is activated, the direction of movement is reversed and the cabinet descends to the horizontal position, the cabinet being held in said position by said device, j) Deactivate the lifting and lowering device.

The lifting and lowering device is automatically deactivated from an electrical signal that the anti-crash device provides when it detects the loss of tension of the safety belt that occurs when the cabinet rests supported by the retention device. Therefore, when the cabinet rests supported by the retention device, the tension belt is not subject to tension. According to another feature of the present invention, the tilting cabinet further comprises a manual lifting and lowering device, equipped with a crank for manually raising and lowering the cabinet, preferably for use in the event of a failure of the electric lifting and lowering device.

According to another feature of the present invention, the cabinet comprises one or more doors to close the cabinet, and provide a convenient aesthetic to the visible surface when the cabinet is in the horizontal storage position. Said doors can be mounted on the lower uprights or mounted on the support structure, in which case, when the cabinet descends the doors open to allow the cabinet to descend but remain on the support structure fixed to the ceiling.

Brief description of the drawings

The attached drawings represent, by way of non-limiting example, an embodiment of the tilting cabinet object of the present invention. In said drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the cabinet of the present invention,

Figure 2 is a front elevation view of a preferred embodiment of the tilting cabinet of the present invention, in the vertical position of access or load,

Figure 3 is a side elevation view of a section of the cabinet of Figure 2, along the line Z-Z ', in the vertical position of access or load,

Figure 4 is a side elevation view, like the one in Figure 2, in which the enclosure has been shown superimposed in the vertical loading position and in an intermediate position,

Figure 5 corresponds to an enlarged detail of Figure 3 in which the operation of the anti-collapse system is appreciated when the cabinet is in an intermediate position in which the tension belt is in tension and the lifting system works correctly .

Figure 6 is a side elevation view of a longitudinal section of the cabinet in the horizontal storage position,

Figure 7 corresponds to an enlarged view of a detail of Figure 6 in which it can be seen how the retention device retains the cabinet in a horizontal position and what is the operation of the anti-collapse system when the tension belt has no tension.

Figure 8 is an enlarged side elevation view of the elements that configure the retention device seen from Z-Z ',

Figure 9 is an enlarged side elevation view of the elements that make up the retention device seen from the opposite direction to Z-Z ', Figures 10-23, schematically and sequentially illustrate the operation of the retention device, which retains the cabinet in the horizontal storage position, Figures 24-29 schematically and sequentially illustrate the operation of the cabinet interlocking device in the vertical position,

Figure 30 is a side elevation view of a detail of the cabinet in the vertical position in which a shelf is represented with the lid closed with the locking device of the activated vertical position and with the device that ensures the closing of the covers in the position that prevents its opening. Figure 31 is a side elevation view of a detail of the cabinet in the vertical position in which a shelf is shown with the lid open with the locking device of the activated vertical position and the device that ensures the closure of the covers in The position that allows its opening.

Detailed description of the drawings

In said drawings, the constitution and the operating mode of the tilting cabinet 100 with rotating shelves 1 of the present invention can be seen.

The cabinet 100 consists of two upper uprights 2 parallel to each other that can swing around an upper tilting axis 3 and two lower uprights 4 that can swing around a lower tilting axis 5. Said axes are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the respective amounts, see Figure 2 and 3.

Both axes are supported, in a manner known per se, in the fixed structure 200 in which the cabinet is installed, and in turn support the cabinet.

Said tilt axes 3 and 5 are separated by a distance "X" horizontally and a distance "Y" vertically, (Figure 3).

The rotating shelves 1 are rotatably articulated on the four uprights, so that each shelf 1 has a lower pivot axis 6 articulated on the lower uprights 4, and an upper pivot axis 7 articulated on the upper uprights 2, so that, the rotation axes 6.7 are parallel to each other and parallel to the tilting axes 3 and 5 of the uprights, (Figure 3).

The distance between said upper and lower 6 axis of rotation of each shelf

1, it is in the horizontal direction equal to the distance "X" that in the horizontal direction separates the upper and lower 5 tilting axes of the uprights, and in the vertical sense it is equal to the distance "Y" than in the vertical direction separates said tilting axes from the uprights, (Figure 3).

The shelves 1 are formed by a lower horizontal base 8, a rear wall 9 perpendicular to the base 8, an upper wall 10 approximately parallel to the base, and two side walls 11 and 12 approximately perpendicular to the lower horizontal base 8, to the upper wall 10 and to the rear wall 9. The base 8 and the walls 9, 10, 11 and 12 are rigidly joined together and form a substantially continuous surface that defines an interior space of the shelf 13 suitable for containing objects. Said interior space is limited by a mobile cover 14 conventionally articulated on fixed parts of the shelf, in such a way that the user can open and close the lid to access the interior of the shelf to load and unload objects. The movable cover has been conveniently designed to avoid interference between said lid and the back of the adjacent shelf when the cabinet is moved, (as can be seen in Figures 4 and 9).

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, represented in the attached Figures, the upper and lower pivot axes 7 are articulated on the side walls 11 and 12. The cabinet can comprise transverse and / or longitudinal reinforcement elements to provide it with greater rigidity. In Figure 2 and 3, transverse reinforcement elements 18 are shown perpendicular to the lower uprights and transverse reinforcement elements 19 are fixed perpendicular to the upper uprights. In addition, a longitudinal oblique reinforcing element 39, is articulated jointly to the upper and lower uprights. The longitudinal oblique reinforcement elements 39 must be fixed at points of said uprights horizontally separated by a distance "X" and vertically by a distance "Y" equal to that which separates the tilting axes from the uprights. On the rear longitudinal face of, at least, one of the upper uprights 2 is mounted a bolt 16, (Figure 7), suitable for being retained by said retention device when the cabinet is in the horizontal storage position, and a stop element 15 with a groove 17, suitable for activating said retention device, as will be described in more detail below. Figures 6 and 7 show the configuration of the lifting and lowering device comprising a gearmotor 20 with a pulley 21 mounted on the output shaft of the reduction motorbike, around which a traction belt 22 is wound, fixed by the another end to a pin 26 of the rotating ratchet 27 of the anti-crash system 30, so that it will be explained in more detail below.

The tension belt 22 passes through an intermediate pulley 24 which rotates on an intermediate shaft 25, mounted in a manner known per se, in the structure that supports the cabinet.

Figure 4 shows the cabinet in the vertical position and, also Well, in an intermediate position. In said figure it can be seen how the shelves keep their bases in a horizontal position and, as the four uprights are always parallel to each other, despite the fact that the relative position and the distance between the pair of upper uprights and the pair of lower uprights It varies when you swing the closet.

This characteristic is due to the fact that the distance between said upper and lower rotation axes 7 of each shelf is in the horizontal direction equal to the distance "X" which in the horizontal direction separates the upper 3 and lower 5 tilting axes of the uprights and, in the vertical direction, is equal to the distance "Y" which in the vertical direction separates said tilting axes from the uprights.

The characteristics and operation of the anti-crash device 30 can be seen in Figures 3, 5 and 7.

Said device 30 is formed at least by a security tape 35 fixed at one end 31 to the structure 200 in which the cabinet is supported. The fixing point of the safety belt in the structure 200 is preferably located close to the intermediate axis 25, at a point furthest from the tilting axes.

At the other end said safety belt 35 is wound around a ratchet pulley 34, rotating around an axis 36, which has teeth 33 and, which is mounted at a point close to the lower end of a lower upright.

To the ratchet pulley 34 is associated a ratchet 27, rotating around an axis 28, which at one end has a tooth 32 suitable for locking with the ratchet teeth 33 of the ratchet pulley 34, and at the other end of said ratchet 27, a compression spring 29 acts, which in the absence of other solicitations, forces the ratchet 27 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the ratchet tooth engages with the teeth of the pulley ratchet.

Said pulley also comprises a spiral recovery spring, not shown, whose function is to rotate the pulley counterclockwise to apply a tension to the safety belt 35 and keep said belt wrapped around the pulley. 36.

The tension that the recovery spring applies to the tension belt 22 through the ratchet 27, is substantially less than the tension that the weight of the cabinet creates on the tension belt. When the lifting system works correctly, the function of the pulley 34 is limited to keeping the safety tape wound at constant tension. Therefore, when the cabinet 100 descends, the safety belt 35 is unrolled keeping tense, and when the cabinet ascends, said belt is wound around the pulley by the action of said recovery spring.

In the event that a rupture of the tension belt 22 or a loss of tension thereof occurs, the operation of the anti-slip safety device is as follows: if the loss of tension of the tension belt 22 originates when the The cabinet is in an intermediate position, between the vertical loading position and the horizontal storage position, and it is not due to the presence of an obstacle, a fall motion of the cabinet starts that the anti-crash system immediately stops, since at the Loss of tension the tension belt 22, the force applied by the spring 29 to the ratchet 27 is not counteracted by the tension of said tension belt. Therefore, the force of said spring forces the ratchet to rotate counterclockwise which is coupled with a tooth 33 of the pulley 36 and prevents the pulley from continuing to rotate. Consequently, the safety tape stops unrolling and the fall of the cabinet stops.

In the event that there is a loss of tension due to the presence of an obstacle that prevents the cabinet from falling, the operation of the anti-slip device is the same as described above, but in this case the start does not occur free fall closet

Once the breakdown of the lifting system is repaired, it is sufficient to actuate it, either through the electrical system or the manual system, in the upward direction so that the anti-slip safety system is unlocked and the cabinet recovers its full functionality.

Likewise, when the cabinet moves to move from the loading position to the storage position and once the maximum height position has been reached, after having exceeded the horizontal position, (Fig. 21), it descends to the storage position (Fig. 23), upon reaching said position, and being supported on the retention device, the tension belt 22 loses tension, so that also in this case the force applied by the spring 29 to the ratchet 27 is not offset by the tension of said tension belt. Therefore, the force of said spring forces the ratchet to rotate counterclockwise, so that the ratchet tooth 32 is coupled with a tooth 33 of the pulley 36 and prevents the pulley from continuing to rotate and the safety belt stops unwinding.

In this case, the security tape does not support the weight of the cabinet since it rests supported on the retention device. When the ratchet wheel is locked, an electric detector, not shown, detects that the blockage and emits an electric signal suitable to deactivate the operation of the electric lifting and lowering system and thereby prevent the traction belt from continuing to unwind.

Figures 24-31 show the characteristics and operation of the devices that lock the cabinet in an upright position and ensure the closing of the shelf tops.

The safety device that locks the cabinet in the vertical position consists of a lower lever 48 and an upper lever 49. The lower lever is articulated by its lower end to a lower upright 4 and the other end to the lower end of the lever upper 49. The upper lever is rotatably fixed, at its upper end, to an intermediate arm 46, rigidly attached to the structure 200.

In Figures 24-28, the trajectory described by said levers 48, 49 can be seen when the cabinet moves from the horizontal to the vertical position, or vice versa.

When the cabinet descends from the storage position (Fig. 24), to the load (Fig. 28), the levers form a convex angle α that does not prevent the cabinet from being moved.

When the cabinet is in the vertical position (Fig. 28) and the levers 48, 49 form a convex angle α, to lock it, it is sufficient for the user to push the levers until they form a concave β angle (Fig. 29 ).

To unlock the cabinet it is enough to push the levers in the opposite direction so that they form a convex angle again.

The device that ensures the closure of the shelf covers (Figures 30 and 31) consists of a safety rod 40, slidably mounted in a longitudinal groove 41 of a lower upright 4. Said rod comprises a plurality of stops 42, separated by a distance equal to that which separates the shelves longitudinally. Said device further comprises a joystick 43 that can rotate about an axis 44, mounted on the post 4, and which It presents at one of its ends a knob 45, designed to facilitate its handling. At the other end, the lever 43 is articulated at one end of an intermediate lever 47, which at the other end is articulated on the safety rod 40.

The device has two operating positions: a position in which it ensures the closing of the shelves, represented in Figure 30, and a position in which it allows the opening of the shelves represented in Figure 31.

The operation of the device and the mode of action to move from one position to another is as follows:

In the position of Figure 30, the knob 45 of the lever 43 is in the highest position of its travel; The intermediate lever 47 is in the lowest position of its travel and, consequently, the rod 40 is also in the lowest position in which the stops 42 rest on the covers

14 and prevent their opening.

In the position of Figure 31, the knob 45 of the lever 43 is in the lowest position of its travel; The intermediate lever 47 is in the highest position and, therefore, the rod 40, is also in the highest position in which the stops 42 are away from the covers and allow the opening thereof

To move from one of these positions to another, it is sufficient for the user to move the lever 43 from one position to another.

Said lever 43 also activates a micro-suppressor, not shown, which prevents the start-up of the lifting system when the lever is in the position that allows the opening of the shelves.

In Figures 6 and 7 it can be seen how the retention device 50 retains the cabinet in the horizontal storage position.

Figure 8 shows, on a more enlarged scale, the configuration of the elements of the retention device associated with the support structure 200, seen in the Z-Z 'direction.

In Figure 9, said elements seen from the opposite direction of Z-Z 'can be seen.

In Figures 10-23 schematically and sequentially the operation of the retention device that retains the cabinet in the horizontal storage position is illustrated.

In said figures, the numerical reference 51 designates a rotating hook which has a hole 52, configured to rotate about an axis of rotation 25. Said axis of rotation is supported on the structure 200, and preferably coincides with the axis of rotation of the pulley 24. Said hook also has a housing concave 53 open towards the upper part, suitable for retaining the bolt 16 mounted on the pillar 2 of the cabinet 100. Said rotating hook 51 also presents (figures 8, 9 and 10-23), a rotation axis 60 on which it is mounted a rotating cam 61, a rotating shaft 70 on which a two-arm rotating lever 71, a retaining tooth 54, designed to be held by a trigger 80, and a lateral surface 55, adjacent to the retaining tooth is mounted 54, approximately perpendicular to said retaining tooth.

On said hook 51 also acts a spring, not shown, to rotate it in the manner that will be explained later.

The hook 51 can rotate between two positions; an active position represented in figures 7, 8, 9, 10 and 23, suitable for retaining and supporting the cabinet through bolt 16, and a non-active position represented in figures 16, 17 and 18 allowing the descent and elevation of the closet as will be described in more detail below.

The rotating cam 61 can rotate around the axis of rotation 60 and has a face 62, designed to act on the holding trigger 80, adjacent to a concentric circular face 63 with respect to the axis of rotation 60. Said rotating cam 61 further comprises a rotation axis 90, on which a rod 91 can rotate on which a spring, not shown, acts, which obviously for those skilled in the art, in the absence of other solicitations, forces the rod to rotate counterclockwise (as shown in Figures 8, and 10-23) to occupy with respect to cam 61 the position represented in Figure 8.

The two-arm lever 71 is mounted on the hook 51 so that it can rotate around the axis 70 and has an arm 72, terminated in an extension 73, suitable for resting on the abutment element 15, mounted on an upper upright of the cabinet . Said lever 71 has another arm 74 with a substantially circular extension 75, configured to slide inside a fixed cam 110 as will be described in more detail below.

Said cam 110 has a closed profile groove, with a width substantially equal to the diameter of the extension 75 of the cam 70. Said cam 110 has a first section 111, substantially circular, configured so that the center of said circular section 111 coincides with the axis of rotation 70 of the cam 71 when the hook 51 is in the active vertical position (represented in Figures 7, 8, 9, 10 and 23), and has a second section substantially rectilinear 112 that moves away from the hook. The fixed cam 110 is mounted on the support structure 200, in a manner known per se as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The operation of the cam will be described in more detail below.

Said trigger 80 is rotatable with respect to an axis 81 supported in the structure 200 and has an extension 56 suitable for retaining the hook 51 in a vertical position acting on the tooth 54. The operation of the retention device is shown sequentially in the figures. 10-23 For reasons of a better understanding of the explanation, said drawings have been represented on a single sheet, having been omitted, for reasons of clarity. Some numerical references in any of these figures.

Figure 10 is functionally identical to the position represented in Figure 7. In Figure 10, the cabinet is in the horizontal storage position supported by the hook 51, which in the groove 53 supports the bolt 16 integral with the stud 2 of closet 100.

In said Figure 10, the hook is held vertically by the trigger 80 acting on the tooth 54. The sequence of movements of the elements of the retention device to move from the horizontal storage position to the vertical access or load position It is schematized in Figures 11 to 17.

In Figure 11, with the hook retained in the active position by the trigger 80, the maneuver is initiated to move from the storage position to the loading position, so that, initially, the cabinet ascends exceeding the horizontal position, and the stop 15 strikes through its tooth 17 against the rod 91, which rotates around its axis 90 and forces the cam 61 to rotate around the axis 60. The rotation of the cam 61 causes its lateral surface 62 of the cam 60 hit the trigger 80, which begins to rotate around axis 81, (see also Figure 8). In Figure 12, the cabinet continues to rise above the horizontal position, and the cam 61 continues to move the trigger 80 that stops acting on the retaining tooth 54. Simultaneously, the upper surface of the stop 15 acts on the extension 73, of the two-arm lever 71, which rotates on its axis 70, while its other end 75, slides inside the circular section of the cam 110 concentric with axis 70.

In Figure 13, the initial ascending stage of the movement of the cabinet culminates to move from the storage position to the loading position. In said position, the trigger 80 is kept separate from the tooth 54 of the hook 51 resting on the circular section 63 of the rotating cam 61, and the descent stage is initiated.

In Figure 14, the cabinet begins to descend while maintaining the rod 91 resting on the tooth 17 of the stop 15, while the extension 75 of the two-arm lever 71 remains supported on the upper surface of the stop 15, and the trigger 80 It is kept separate from the hook retention tooth. In said position 14, the hook remains in an upright position, while the extension 75 of the lever 71 is at the end point of the circular section of the cam 110.

In Figure 15, the downward movement of the top 15 of the cabinet continues, the hook 51 rotates counterclockwise around its axis 25, forced by the force of a spring not shown, while the trigger 80 rests on the surface lateral 55, and the extension 75 of the lever 71 moves through the interior of the divergent linear section of the cam 110, and the cam 61 rotates on its axis 60, recovering the initial position with respect to the hook 51 (represented in Figure 10) , and the rod 91 rotates clockwise escaping from the tooth 17. At this stage, the cam 61 has turned requested by a spring, not shown.

In Figure 16, the hook 51 is shown in the position in which it has already completed its turning movement, moving away from the vertical, which is reached when the extension 75 reaches the end of the linear section of the cam 110. In said position , which constitutes the non-active position of the retention device, the hook 51 has rotated sufficiently so that the bolt 16 can descend freely without being retained or hindered by the hook.

In Figure 17, the elements of the retention device remain locked in the non-active position, while the cabinet descends to the vertical access and load position. Figure 18, in which the upward movement of the cabinet is initiated, is identical to Figure 16 in what refers to the situation of the elements of the retention device, which remain in the non-active position. In said Figure 18, the moment in which the upper surface of the stop 15 begins the contact with the extension 73 of the two-arm lever has been represented. In Figure 19, the stop 15 continues to rise, forcing up the extension 73 of the lever 71, which is forced to slide on the upper surface of the stop element, while rotating around its axis of rotation 70, and its extension 75 slides inside the linear section of the cam 110, in a convergent sense, which forces the hook 51 to rotate about its axis 25 approaching the vertical position.

In Figure 20, the stop element 15 continues to rise and the movements of the previous stage continue, the hook reaching the vertical position in which it is retained by the trigger 80 that has turned requested by the force of a spring, not shown. In that position, the rod 91 is retained in an approximately vertical position, while sliding against the front surface of the stop 15 to prevent the cam 61 from rotating and releasing the trigger 80.

In Figure 21, the ascent continues without significant changes as the extension 75 of the lever 71 travels the concentric circular part of the cam 110.

In Figures 22 and 23, the cabinet descends to the horizontal storage position while the retention device is kept in an active position, so that, in position 23, the hook 51 retains and supports the bolt 15 integral with the upper post 2 of the cabinet 100. Upon reaching said position, the rod 91 rotates counterclockwise, requested by a spring not shown, so that the elements of the retention device again occupy the initial positions described in relation to Figures 10, 8 and 7 and that constitute the active position of the retention device.

It is therefore evident that with the present invention it is possible to achieve the objectives pursued and to provide a cabinet that has a horizontal storage position adjacent to the ceiling and a vertical position of access and loading.

Naturally, the description of the previous embodiment in which the innovative principles of the present invention are applied is provided by way of non-limiting example of said principles and, therefore, should not be considered in any way as limiting the scope of the exclusive rights that are claimed in the appended claims.

It is clear that those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the scope of said claims. Among them and for example, the anti-crash system could be constituted by a centrifugal clutch, the shelves could be conveniently configured so that access to the interior thereof could be practiced from the side of the upper uprights. Additionally, the intermediate pulley could be mounted on horizontal sliding guides, so that, when the cabinet descended, it approached the motor to reduce the length of the belt between said intermediate pulley and the point at which the belt is fixed to the upright. Similarly, the cabinet could incorporate two or more tension and / or safety tapes.

Claims

1. Tilting cabinet between a horizontal storage position and a vertical position of access or load, comprising at least two upper uprights parallel to each other (2), which can swing around an upper tilt axis (3) , and two lower uprights (4) parallel to each other and parallel to the upper uprights, which can swing around a lower tilt axis (5), characterized in that it comprises at least one shelf (1) rotatably articulated on said uprights, and about maintenance means of the horizontal position of the shelves, so that when the cabinet tilts the shelves they always keep the base in a horizontal position. 2. Tilting cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that the shelves (1) are formed by a lower horizontal base (8), a rear wall (9) perpendicular to the base (8), an upper wall (10) approximately parallel to The base, and two side walls (11 and 12), approximately perpendicular to the lower horizontal base 8, the upper wall 10 and the rear wall (9), and because the base (8) and the walls (9, 10, 11 and 12) are rigidly joined together and form a substantially continuous surface that defines an interior space (13) of the shelf, suitable for containing objects, which is limited by a movable lid (14) conventionally articulated on fixed parts of the shelf , so that the user can open and close the lid to access the interior of the shelf to load and unload objects. 3. Tilting cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that said maintenance means of the horizontal position of the shelves (1) are constituted, on each shelf, by a lower rotation axis (6), articulated on the lower uprights (4) , and by an upper pivot axis (7), articulated on the upper uprights (2), all so that the shelves (1) are pivotally articulated on the four uprights, so that the distance between said axes of upper and lower rotation of each shelf is in the horizontal direction equal to the distance "X" which in the horizontal direction separates the upper (3) and lower (5) tilt axes from the uprights, and in the vertical direction it is the same at the distance "Y" that vertically separates said tilting axes from the uprights. 4. Tilting cabinet according to claim (1), characterized in that it comprises a lifting device, driven by a reducing motor that acts on a traction belt (22), fixed at least to an upright at a point away from the tilt axis, for move the cabinet from the storage position to the loading position and vice versa. 5. Tilting cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an anti-slip device capable of preventing the cabinet from tilting without control and collapsing in the event of a breakdown of the lifting device. 6. Tilting cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that said anti-crash device comprises means for detecting when the cabinet rests supported by the retention device and providing an electrical signal to deactivate the operation of the lifting device. 7. Tilting cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that said anti-crash device comprises means for detecting when an obstacle prevents the cabinet from descending and retaining the cabinet in the position where the obstacle is detected, and providing an electrical signal to deactivate The performance of the lifting device. 8. Tilting cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that said anti-slip device (30) comprises a safety tape (35), fixed at one end (31) to the structure (200) in which the cabinet is supported, and rolled up by the other end around a ratchet pulley (34) having teeth (33) and which is rotatable about an axis (36) mounted at a point close to the lower end of a lower stile; because the ratchet pulley (34) is associated with a ratchet (27) rotating around an axis (28), which at one end has a tooth (32) suitable for locking with the teeth (33) of the ratchet pulley (3. 4); and because it comprises a compression spring (29) that acts at the other end of said ratchet (27) and that in the absence of other solicitations forces the ratchet (27) to rotate counterclockwise so that the tooth of ratchet is coupled with the teeth of the ratchet pulley and prevents the rotation of the pulley. 9. Tilting cabinet according to claim 8, characterized in that the pulley of the anti-slip device comprises a spiral recovery spring that applies a tension to the safety belt (35) and keeps it wrapped around said pulley (36). 10. Tilting cabinet according to claim 9, characterized in that the recovery spring is adapted to apply to the tension belt (22) through the ratchet 27, a tension substantially lower than the tension that the weight of the cabinet creates on the belt traction. 11. Tilting cabinet according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a safety device that locks the tilting cabinet in the vertical position. 12. Tilting cabinet according to claim 11, characterized in that said safety device comprises a lower lever (48) and an upper lever (49), arranged so that the lower lever is articulated by its lower end to a lower upright (4) and on the other end it is articulated to the lower end of the upper lever (49), which in turn is rotatably fixed by the other end to an intermediate arm (46) attached to the structure (200). 13. Tilting cabinet according to claim 11 and 12, characterized in that the levers (48, 49) are adapted so that, when they form a concave angle they block the movement of the cabinet, and so that, when they form a convex angle, they allow tilt cabinet movement. 14. Tilting cabinet according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a device that ensures the closure of the shelf covers 15. Tilting cabinet according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said device that ensures the closure of the shelves covers comprises a safety rod (40), slidably mounted in a longitudinal groove (41) of a lower upright (4) comprising a plurality of stops (42), designed to prevent the opening of the shelf covers when said safety rod ( 40) is in the position in which it secures the closure; and because said safety rod (40) can be displaced from the position in which it ensures the closure to another position in which it allows the opening of the covers, by means of a control joystick (43) articulated to said safety rod and the amount 16. Tilting cabinet according to the preceding claim, characterized in that associated with said device that ensures the closing of the shelves is a detector that prevents the actuation of the lifting device when said device is in the position that allows the opening of the lid of shelves. 17. Tilting cabinet according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that it comprises a retention device, fixed on the structure that supports the cabinet, which has an active position suitable for retaining the cabinet in the horizontal storage position supported on the device itself, and a non-active position that allows the cabinet to be freely moved between said rest and storage positions and vice versa 18. Tilting cabinet according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises means for automatically activating the active position of the device, when the cabinet is moved from the loading position to the storage position, and the cabinet itself automatically deactivates said position. activates the device when it is transferred from the storage position to the loading position. 19. Tilting cabinet according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said means that activate and deactivate the active and deactivated position of the retention device, are constituted by a stop element (15) with a slit (17), mounted at one end of a lower upright away from the tilt axis- condom 20. Tilting cabinet according to claim 17, characterized in that said retention device is formed by a rotating hook (51) having a concave groove directed towards the upper part (53), a trigger 80 and a closed profile cam (110) , so that the hook can be actuated to occupy a non-active position in which the cabinet can be lowered and an active position suitable to retain the tilting cabinet supported by the concave groove. 21. Tilting cabinet according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the hook has a hole (52), configured to rotate around an axis of rotation (25), a concave housing (53) open towards the upper part, designed to retain a bolt (16) mounted on the upright (2) of the tilting cabinet (100), a pivot shaft (60) on which a rotating cam (61) is mounted, a pivot shaft (70) on which a lever is mounted two-arm swivel (71), a retention tooth (54), designed to be retained by the trigger (80), and a lateral surface (55) adjacent the retention tooth (54) approximately perpendicular to said retention tooth and because on said hook (51) a spring also acts to rotate it in the sense that it moves away from the position suitable for retaining the tilting cabinet. 22. Procedure for loading, unloading and storing objects in a tilting cabinet defined in the preceding claims, characterized in that, starting from the tilting cabinet in the storage position, it comprises the steps of: - activate the lifting and lowering device to lower the tilting cabinet, - manually lock the cabinet in the vertical position of access and load, - release the device that ensures the closing of the covers, - open the cover of the corresponding shelf and load and unload objects. - close the covers of the shelves that have been opened, - secure the device that ensures the closure of the covers, - unlock the device that fixes the cabinet in the vertical position and prevents the start-up of the lifting device, - activate the lifting and lowering device to move the cabinet from the vertical loading position to the horizontal storage position, - retain the cabinet in the storage position, and - deactivate the lifting and lowering device. 23. Method according to claim 22, characterized in that the step of activating the lifting and lowering device to lower the tilting cabinet, is performed so that at the beginning of it the cabinet rises slightly, exceeding the horizontal position to deactivate the device of retention that supports the cabinet in the horizontal position, then, after deactivating said device, reversing the direction of movement and descending to the vertical position of access and loading, said retention device being locked in a non-active position, which It allows the cabinet to descend to the vertical position and then ascend to the horizontal position without being hindered. 24. Method according to claim 22, characterized in that the step of retaining the cabinet in the storage position is performed so that the cabinet, after reaching the horizontal position, continues to rise to activate the cabinet retention device. Then, once said device is activated, the direction of movement is reversed and the cabinet descends to the horizontal position, the cabinet being held in said position by said device. 25. Method according to claim 22, characterized in that the lifting and lowering device is automatically deactivated from an electrical signal provided by the anti-crash device when it detects the loss of tension of the safety belt that occurs when the cabinet rests supported by the retention device, so that when the cabinet rests supported by the retention device, the tension belt is not subject to tension.