WO2006130039A1

WO2006130039A1 - Carrier truck .

Info

Publication number: WO2006130039A1
Application number: PCT/RU2005/000523
Authority: WO
Inventors: Vladimir Phedorovich Tarabrin; Vladimir Vacilievich Anisimov
Original assignee: Vladimir Phedorovich Tarabrin; Vladimir Vacilievich Anisimov
Priority date: 2005-06-01
Filing date: 2005-10-27
Publication date: 2006-12-07
Also published as: RU2005116720A; RU2309077C2

Abstract

The invention relates to means for inspecting rail track conditions. The technical result of invention is attained by that the kinematics of the inventive device make it possible to smoothly, jerklessly and impactlessly carry the transducers of a movable defectoscope or another diagnosis device along the railhead center line, taking into account the track width modifications, track twists, curves and track irregularities without jetting mud, metal chips, snow and ice granulates in a wintertime on a thread surface. For this purpose, the inventive carrier truck is embodied in the form of two independent spring-mounted, by means of pneumatic dampers (pneumatic cylinders), one-axle trucks, wherein the frame of each truck is coupled with the common frame with the aid of a parallelogram mechanism, longitudinal bars are hingedly fixed to the journal boxes of the tracking wheels of the opposite one-axle tracks in such a way that said one-axle tracks are enabled to be angularly and axially displaceable and the searching system of the mobile defectoscope is mounted on said longitudinal bars.

Description

Carriage Trolley

The field of technology.

The invention relates to means for monitoring the state of rail tracks.

The prior art.

It is known "Device for tracking the lateral surfaces of tracks" - Certificate for Utility Model N <> 0006175, 03.16.1998, containing a link with a contact element articulated with guardrails, the ends of which are located between the wheel flanges of the undercarriage and are rigidly mounted in rotary linear guides associated with wheelsets.

The disadvantage of this known technical solution is that when moving along a rail track on bumps, when broadening and rounding, the undercarriage wobbles and the wheelsets are unevenly displaced within the gap between the wheel flange and the side of the rail, and with them displacement and separation tracking ski and the offset of the transducers from the center of the rail head and signal loss. The second significant design flaw is that a servo ski with contact carbide elements throws metal sawdust dirt and fuel oil from the side of the rails onto the rolling surface, and in winter, snow falls into the slip and control zone of the converters.

The large mass of the cart with a tracking device degrades the dynamic parameters and reduces the speed of movement.

A design drawback is also the difficulty of passing turnouts associated with setting the depth of the ski and its possible extraction and exit from the “shadow of the wheel crest” or displacement during dynamic impacts, which leads to breakage of the tracking device.

It is known "The device for centering the search system of a mobile defect detector" - Certificate for Utility Model N <> 38708, July 10, 2004, including a running carriage, on the transverse frame of which a drive for moving a movable link with contact elements is installed. This device has the same disadvantages that were listed above. The closest is the "Device for tracking the lateral surfaces of the tracks" - Certificate for Utility Model JMQ 13549 04/27/2000., Including the base element, rigidly connecting in the axial direction fenders and placed on it kinematically connected to each other measuring elements. A disadvantage of the known technical solution is that the design of the axle box axle does not allow placing additional diagnostic devices.

Disclosure of the invention.

These shortcomings are eliminated in the claimed device.

The carrier trolley has operational reliability, sufficient strength and wear resistance, ensuring traffic safety, has a small weight and insignificant effect of the wheels on the rail when passing bumps, has elasticity to mitigate the shocks and shocks experienced during movement. The carrier trolley has the ability to smoothly adjust the optimal ratio of clamping and expanding forces of the tracking wheels, while ensuring high cushioning properties of the trolley during impacts and guiding along the rail track with a high safety margin from combing the track wheels onto the rail.

The best embodiment of the invention.

A general view of the carrier trolley is shown in Fig. 1, and the kinematic diagram in Fig. 2, which contains: 1 - pneumatic cylinders for raising and lowering the carrier trolley, 2 - uniaxial trolleys, 3 - frame of a uniaxial trolley, 4 - jack wheels, 5 - rocker arm, 6 - axis, 7 - rod, 8 - rod, 9 - follower wheel, 10 - guide, 11 - pneumatic cylinder, 12 - lever, 13 - parallelogram mechanism, 14 - bracket, 15 - frame, 16 - spherical hinge, 17 - a longitudinal beam, 18 - a search ski, 19 - a lowering lifting mechanism, 20 - an axle box, 21 - an arm, 22 - a biaxial joint p 23 - uniaxial trolleys offset compensation unit relative to each other, 24 - bracket 25 - spherical hinge, 26 - linear bearing, 27 - bracket, 28 - gripper, 29 - catcher, 30 - hinged-lever mechanism, 31 - lock, 32 - gripper pneumatic cylinder. Figure 3 shows: 17 - supporting longitudinal beam on which the search system is mounted, 18 - search ski, 19 - lowering lifting mechanism, 21 - bracket, 22 - biaxial hinge, 23 - compensation unit for displacement of uniaxial bogies relative to each other, 24 - bracket , 25 - spherical hinge, 26 - linear bearing, 33 - search bias correction mechanism. The figure 4 shows a uniaxial trolley in a transport position: 27 - a bracket, 28 - a gripper, 29 - a catcher, 30 - a hinged lever mechanism, 31 - a lock, 32 - a pneumatic cylinder of the gripper.

The figure 5 shows a fragment of a top view of a uniaxial trolley: 2 - uniaxial trolleys, 3 - frame of a uniaxial trolley, 4 - jack wheel, 9 - measuring wheel, 13 - parallelogram mechanism, 16 - spherical hinge, 17 - longitudinal beam, 20 - axle box, 21 - bracket, 22 - biaxial hinge, 23 - node compensation for the displacement of uniaxial bogies, 24 - bracket. The carrier truck of FIG. 1 lowers onto the path to the operating position and rises to the transport position with the help of articulated pneumatic cylinders 1 providing a predetermined clamping force of the tracking wheels to the rail heads and simultaneously being pneumatic shock absorbers.

The undercarriage of the carrier trolley, the kinematic diagram of which is shown in FIG. 2, is made of two independent uniaxial trolleys 2. Each uniaxial trolley consists of a frame 3 with swivel wheels 4 mounted at its ends at a predetermined fixed distance for passing turnouts. In the inner cavity of the central part of the frame 3, a beam 5 is mounted in the form of a two-shouldered lever, the axis of rotation 6 of which is installed in the central part of the frame 3 of a uniaxial trolley. The beam 5 is pivotally connected to the rods 7, which move the follower wheels 9 along the guides through the rods 8. The guides 10 are fixed on the ends of the frame 3 of the uniaxial trolley, and the follower wheels are moved by means of a pivotally mounted pneumatic cylinder 11, the rod, which is mounted on the lever 12 of the rocker arm 5, and the body on the frame uniaxial trolley 3. To control the movement of the tracking wheels on the frame 3 of the uniaxial trolley coaxially to the beam 5, a sensor S is fixed, the shaft of which is fixed on the axis 6.

Parallelogram mechanisms 13 are mounted on the ends of the frame 3 of each uniaxial trolley, which are attached to the brackets 14 of Fig. L of the common frame 15 and form an additional parallelogram with it due to the spherical hinges 16 of Fig. 5, which makes it possible to displace the uniaxial trolleys in the transverse and vertical plane ways, and also allow to independently independently establish each uniaxial cart on roundings, roughnesses and elevations of a way.

Longitudinal beams 17, with mounted on it, for example, search skis 18 with piezoelectric transducers and a mechanism 19 for lifting-lowering and adjusting the bias of the finders, are mounted on brackets rigidly fixed to the fixed axle boxes 20 of the tracking wheels 9 of the opposite uniaxial carts of FIG. 1. Each longitudinal beam 17 of Fig. 5 of the carrier truck is fixed at one end to the bracket 21 of the fixed axle box of the follower wheel of one uniaxial truck using a biaxial hinge 22. The other end of the beam is installed in the offset compensation unit uniaxial trolleys relative to each other 23, which is mounted on the bracket 24 of the fixed axle box of the tracking wheel of the opposite uniaxial trolley. The offset compensation unit of the uniaxial carts relative to each other 23 of Fig. H is a spherical joint 25 with a linear bearing 26 in the inner cavity of which the end of the longitudinal beam is located and provides free and independent movement of the uniaxial carts on uneven paths relative to each other while the carrier carriage is moving, while maintaining unchanged position of the longitudinal beam over the neck of the rail.

Each uniaxial trolley is equipped with shock absorbing retaining brackets 27 of FIG. 4, and on the frame 15 of Fig. L above each uniaxial trolley, a gripping device 28 of the uniaxial trolley is mounted when lifting it into the transport position by pneumatic cylinders 1, the rods of which are pivotally mounted on the hollow frame 3 of the uniaxial trolley, and the body on the common frame 15.

The gripping device 28 is a figured rib with an inclined catcher 29 on which the articulated lever mechanism 30 that controls the locks 31 is mounted. The locks 31 are made with inclined catchers and together with the rib 29 form a prism that allows the locking brackets to be centered when trolley displacement in the transverse plane. The axles of the castle are installed with eccentricity e. The locks tend to close and lock the brackets of the uniaxial trolley when its weight affects the working surface of the castle. In the upper transport position, the locking brackets of the uniaxial trolley cover the vertical part of the curly rib fixing it in the transverse plane, and from the outside the locking brackets are covered by locks 31. It is possible to turn and open the locks 31 when removing the power load from them. To do this, apply pressure to the rod cavity of the pneumatic cylinders 1, which raise the uniaxial trolley by the value Δ of Fig. 4 and unload the locks.

To control the movement of the tracking wheels on the frame 3 of the uniaxial bogies coaxially to the beam 5, a sensor S is fixed, the shaft of which is fixed on the axis 6.

With lateral wear of the rail of Fig. C (A) and the search for the seekers away from the center of the head by a signal from the tracking wheel movement sensor S, a correction mechanism is activated, for example, in the form of a pneumatic actuator 33, which corrects the offset Δ2, exposing the converter over the rail neck.

The carrier truck can be installed under the car body between the pivot supports, both in the center of the transverse axis of the body, and with displacement along the longitudinal axis of the body to one of the pivot bearings.

In the case of displacement of the carrier carriage from the central transverse axis of the body of Fig. 1 when inscribing uniaxial carts into a curve of radius R, the tracking wheels of uniaxial carts are shifted by a different amount:

• in the horizontal plane Yl and Y2

• in the longitudinal plane δl and 52

• in the transverse plane - by the elevation of the outer rail.

The center-to-center distance between the wheels along the inner rail thread will be Ll ₅ and along the outside - L2, while the rods of the parallelogram mechanism will rotate by an angle α and β, respectively.

The carrier truck operates as follows.

In the initial position, the carrier truck is in the upper transport position of figure 4:

- there is no pressure in the pneumatic cylinders;

- locks of the locking device are closed;

- the tracking wheels are pressed against the jack wheels; - The search system is raised to the upper position.

To bring the carrier carriage to the working position of FIG. 1, pressure is supplied to the rod cavity of the pneumatic cylinders 1, which raise the carriage by the value Δ of FIG. 4 and unload the locks. Then, pressure is supplied to the piston cavity of the pneumatic cylinders 32 of the gripping devices 28 above each uniaxial trolley, which rotate the rocker arms of the linkage mechanism, opening the locks 31 and releasing the uniaxial trolleys for lowering to the working position. After that, the pressure is first supplied to the piston cavity of the power pneumatic cylinders 1, and uniaxial trolleys are lowered onto the rail, and after pressing the wheels, pressure is simultaneously supplied to the piston cavity of the pneumatic cylinders 11 of the expansion of the follower wheels until the flanges contact the inner faces of the rails and into the rod cavity of the pneumatic cylinders 32 capture devices. After placing the carrier trolley onto the rails, lower the search system, for example, with piezoelectric transducers (PES), the principle of operation of which is based on the ability of ultrasonic vibrations (ultrasonic testing) to reflect from discontinuities and physically inhomogeneous inclusions in the controlled object. Piezoelectric transducers (PES) are used as emitters and receivers of ultrasonic detectors, which are designed to convert electrical pulses into pulses of ultrasonic vibrations. These ultrasonic vibrations are transmitted to the rolling surface of the rail head and further to the rail. The reflected echoes from various inhomogeneities in the rail metal (defects, joints, bolt holes, soles, etc.) are converted by these same probes into electrical impulses, which are amplified by a flaw detector for further processing and registration. All the transducers are mounted on a search ski and operate at a frequency of 2.5 MHz.

When the carrier trolley moves along the rail track, the biaxial joint 22 provides freedom of movement of the axle box axle and the end of the longitudinal beam in the horizontal and vertical plane of the track.

The node for compensating the displacement of uniaxial trolleys relative to each other 23 Fig. 3 made in the form of a spherical hinge 25 with a linear bearing 26 allows free and independent movement of uniaxial trolleys on uneven paths relative to each other when the carrier trolley moves, keeping the position of the longitudinal beam above the rail neck unchanged. The kinematics of the carrier trolley Fig. 2 made of two independent uniaxial trolleys with parallelogram mechanisms on spherical joints connected by a common frame and pivotally mounted longitudinal beams on the fixed axle boxes of the tracking wheels of the opposite uniaxial trolleys, provides free and independent movement of each of the four tracking wheels in the longitudinal horizontal and transverse plane of the path. Tracking wheels track their lateral edge with rails. Together with axle box axles, a longitudinal beam moves, on which, for example, a search system with transducers is fixed, providing the necessary guidance of the transducers in the center of the rail heads taking into account changes in gauge, distortions, curvatures and unevenness of the track.

Automated control of the seeker bias correction mechanism is carried out when interacting with the sensor S for monitoring the movement of the tracking wheels.

With lateral wear of the rail of Fig. C (A) and the withdrawal of the searchers from the center of the head by a signal from the sensor S, a tracking device, for example, pneumatic actuator 33, corrects the offset Δ2, providing centering of the transducers along the axis of symmetry of the rail.

The carrier trolley has operational reliability, sufficient strength and wear resistance to ensure traffic safety, has a low weight and insignificant effect of the wheels on the rail during unevenness, and has elasticity to mitigate the shocks and impacts experienced during movement.

The carrier trolley has the ability to smoothly adjust the optimal ratio of clamping and expanding forces of the follower wheels, while ensuring high depreciation properties of the carrier trolley during impacts and guiding along the rail track with a high safety margin from combing the track wheels onto the rail.

Various devices for diagnosing a rail track, such as a mobile flaw detector, a device for measuring wave-like wear of rails, a device for measuring rail temperature, measuring the geometry of a third contact rail in the subway and other devices, can be installed on the carrier carriage. Industrial applicability.

The carrier trolley has operational reliability, sufficient strength and wear resistance to ensure traffic safety, has a small weight and insignificant effect of the wheels on the rail during unevenness, has elasticity to mitigate the shocks and shocks experienced during movement, and can be widely used for various types of diagnostics rail track. For the manufacture of the trolley standard materials are used - steel20, steel 4Ox, steel 45, steel 50G. In the manufacture of parts, technologies are widely used in mechanical engineering.

Claims

FORMULA.

1. A carrier trolley comprising a uniaxial trolley on which tracking elements are placed kinematically connected to each other, characterized in that the carrier trolley made of two independent uniaxial trolleys and the frame of each uniaxial trolley are connected by a parallelogram mechanism, with a common frame, and on the axle boxes wheels of opposite uniaxial bogies, longitudinal beams with a lifting-lowering mechanism, and a mechanism for correcting the bias of the diagnostic device, are pivotally fixed, and the longitudinal beams are fixed with a possible awn of angular and axial movement of uniaxial carts.

2. The carrier trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that each longitudinal beam of the carrier trolley is fixed at one end to the bracket of the fixed axle box of the follower wheel of one uniaxial trolley with a biaxial hinge, the other end of the beam is installed in the offset compensation unit of the uniaxial trolleys relative to each other , which is mounted on the bracket of the fixed axle box of the follower wheel of the opposite uniaxial trolley, and the node for compensating the displacement of the uniaxial trolleys relative to each other is, for example, spherically hinge, in which is mounted a linear bearing in the inner cavity whereof a longitudinal end of the beam.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

3. The carrier truck of claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for correcting the bias of the searchers is connected with a sensor for controlling the movement of the tracking wheels.

4. Carrier carrier p.l, characterized in that the frame of each uniaxial trolley is connected by a lifting-lowering mechanism and a locking mechanism with a common frame.

5. The carrier truck of claim 1, characterized in that the parallelogram mechanisms connecting the eye of the uniaxial truck with a common frame are made with spherical joints.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)