WO2006070804A1 - テロメレース活性阻害方法および阻害剤 - Google Patents
テロメレース活性阻害方法および阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006070804A1 WO2006070804A1 PCT/JP2005/023902 JP2005023902W WO2006070804A1 WO 2006070804 A1 WO2006070804 A1 WO 2006070804A1 JP 2005023902 W JP2005023902 W JP 2005023902W WO 2006070804 A1 WO2006070804 A1 WO 2006070804A1
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- usp21
- nedd8
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- telomerase activity
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y207/00—Transferases transferring phosphorus-containing groups (2.7)
- C12Y207/07—Nucleotidyltransferases (2.7.7)
- C12Y207/07049—RNA-directed DNA polymerase (2.7.7.49), i.e. telomerase or reverse-transcriptase
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/10—Transferases (2.)
- C12N9/12—Transferases (2.) transferring phosphorus containing groups, e.g. kinases (2.7)
- C12N9/1241—Nucleotidyltransferases (2.7.7)
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/574—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/90—Enzymes; Proenzymes
- G01N2333/91—Transferases (2.)
- G01N2333/912—Transferases (2.) transferring phosphorus containing groups, e.g. kinases (2.7)
- G01N2333/91205—Phosphotransferases in general
- G01N2333/91245—Nucleotidyltransferases (2.7.7)
- G01N2333/9125—Nucleotidyltransferases (2.7.7) with a definite EC number (2.7.7.-)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/90—Enzymes; Proenzymes
- G01N2333/914—Hydrolases (3)
- G01N2333/916—Hydrolases (3) acting on ester bonds (3.1), e.g. phosphatases (3.1.3), phospholipases C or phospholipases D (3.1.4)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2500/00—Screening for compounds of potential therapeutic value
- G01N2500/02—Screening involving studying the effect of compounds C on the interaction between interacting molecules A and B (e.g. A = enzyme and B = substrate for A, or A = receptor and B = ligand for the receptor)
Definitions
- the present invention is characterized in that it inhibits the binding between telomerase reverse transcriptase (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as TERT) and ubiquitin-specific protease 21 (hereinafter also abbreviated as USP21).
- TERT degradation promotion method telomerase activity inhibition method characterized by using this degradation promotion method, and NEDD8 (neural precursor cell ex pressed, developmentally down-regulated gene 8)-binding of TERT to USP21
- the present invention relates to a method for accelerating the degradation of TERT, characterized by inhibiting telomerase, and a method for inhibiting telomerase activity, characterized by using the method for promoting the degradation.
- the present invention also relates to a method for promoting the degradation of TERT, characterized by inhibiting the removal of NEDD8-modified TERT by USP21, and a method for inhibiting telomerase activity, characterized by using the method for promoting the degradation. .
- the present invention provides a compound that inhibits the binding between TERT and USP21, a compound that inhibits the binding between NEDD8-modified TER T and USP21, or a compound that inhibits the removal of NEDD8-linked TERT by USP21. Regarding the method.
- the present invention also relates to a telomerase activity inhibitor comprising the compound.
- the present invention relates to a preventive agent and a Z or therapeutic agent for diseases caused by enhanced telomerase activity, comprising the telomerase activity inhibitor.
- the present invention also relates to a method for preventing a disease caused by increased telomerase activity and a method for treating or treating Z, characterized by using the telomerase activity inhibitor or the method for inhibiting telomerase activity.
- the present invention provides at least one of USP21, a polynucleotide encoding USP21, a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide, and a transformant containing the recombinant vector, TERT, TERT At least one of a polynucleotide encoding the polynucleotide, a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide and a transformant containing the recombinant vector, and a polynucleotide encoding NEDD8 and NEDD8, the polynucleotide containing the polynucleotide Recombinant vector and containing the recombinant vector
- the present invention relates to a reagent kit containing at least one of transformants.
- Telomerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the elongation reaction of a telomeric sequence at the end of a chromosome in a eukaryotic cell.
- Telomerase RNA (hereinafter also abbreviated as TR), which is a trapezoidal RNA molecule, and a catalytic sub It is a ribonucleoprotein composed of TERT as a unit (Non-patent Document 1).
- Telomerase imparts immortalization (infinite life) to cells by maintaining telomere length.
- Telomeres are simple repetitive sequences present at the end of chromosomal DNA in eukaryotic cells and contribute to maintaining chromosome stability.
- the normal DNA polymerase that controls DNA replication during cell division does not replicate completely to the very end of the DNA, so telomeres are shortened with cell division. In normal somatic cells, growth stops after a certain number of divisions, and cell senescence or cell death occurs.
- Telomerase activity is not detected in normal cells except germ cells, various stem cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes. The majority of normal cells cannot maintain their length due to the shortening of their length at each division, and their lifetime is finite.
- telomere activity is detected in the majority of immortalized cells such as cancer cells.
- telomeres shortened by cell division are elongated by telomerase, and as a result, the telomere length is maintained. This is considered to be one of the mechanisms for infinite growth of cancer cells.
- the maintenance of telomere length by telomerase contributes to the immortalization of cancer cells.
- antisense RNA is used to eliminate the telomerase activity of cancer cells, cell proliferation stops after 10 or more cell divisions. It is clear from the report that cell death is induced.
- the expression of dominant negative telomerase in cancer cells has been reported to induce loss of telomerase activity, shortening of telomere length associated with cell division, appearance of chromosome end fusion and cell death. Yes.
- telomerase the activity by the TERT gene expression activity has been reported, such as the activity of TERT via phosphate.
- the expression of the TR gene is detected in many normal cells but the expression of the TERT gene is not detected, whereas the expression of both the TR and TERT genes is observed in many cancer cells.
- telomerase activity is detected in some cells where telomerase activity is detected, such as cancer cells. It is thought that the expression of offspring is activated.
- the telomerase activity in the nuclear extract decreases when the nuclear extract of cancer cells is treated with dephosphorylation, and phosphorylation is involved in the activation of telomerase. This suggests the possibility of non-patent literature 2).
- telomerase activity in the extract is increased by reacting the nuclear extract derived from cancer cells with Akt or protein kinase C, suggesting that these kinases may be involved in telomerase activity. (Non-Patent Documents 3 and 4).
- MKRN1 is an E3 ligase that promotes TERT ubiquitination, and telomerase activity is regulated by M KRN1.
- NEDD8 is one of ubiquitin-like proteins having about 80% homology with ubiquitin at the amino acid level, and consists of 81 amino acid residues.
- Ubiquitin is covalently bound to a lysine residue in the target protein by the action of ubiquitin ligase.
- Another ubiquitin is further covalently bound to a lysine residue in ubiquitin bound to a lysine residue in the target protein.
- a plurality of ubiquitins are bound to the protein in a chain. Modification of the protein by ubiquitin by covalently binding one or more ubiquitins to one molecule of protein is called protein ubiquitination.
- a protein modified with one or more ubiquitins is referred to as a ubiquitinated protein.
- Ubiquitin protein is degraded in a proteasome-dependent manner. For this reason, ubiquitin is considered to be involved in the regulation of protein stability!
- NEDD8 like ubiquitin, is covalently linked to a lysine residue in the protein as one of post-translational modifications of the protein. Coupling of NEDD8 to a protein is called NED D8 conversion of the protein.
- the only protein that is converted into NEDD8 is the Cullin family protein, which is one of the constituent proteins of the complex ubiquitin ligase.
- C The existence of a ubiquitin ligase activity-regulating mechanism via ullin NEDD8 formation has been suggested (Non-patent Documents 5 and 6).
- Non-Patent Document 5 ubiquitination of proteins acts as a signal for proteolysis. It is suggested that the protein NEDD8 may act as a proteasome-dependent proteolytic signal (Non-patent Document 5). However, there is no report on the existence of a proteasome-dependent proteolytic mechanism involving NEDD8.
- the proteasome is a complex of proteases.
- the 20S proteanome, 26S proteasome and football-type proteanome are known.
- the selective and energy-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins involves the 26S proteanome.
- the 26S proteasome is an ATP-dependent protease complex with a sedimentation coefficient of 26S, which is formed by binding two molecules of PA700 to the 20S proteanome, an ATP-independent protease complex.
- the 20S proteasome has a hollow structure in which an ⁇ ring composed of seven ⁇ subunits and a ⁇ ring composed of seven ⁇ subunits are stacked in the order of ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ .
- the S700 binds to the top and bottom of the 20S proanome to form a 26S proteanome.
- 700 is an endogenous active factor that activates the proteasome that exists as an inactive form, and retains the ubiquitin recognition subunit in its constituent molecule, which is a multi-component complex.
- the ubiquitin protein is recognized by ⁇ 700 that constitutes the 26S proteasome and is recruited into the proteasome. In the proteasome, ubiquitin is also released by the protein strength as the ubiquitin protein is denatured, and the protein is degraded by the ⁇ subunit.
- NUB1 (NEDD8 ultimate buster-1) is known to be a protein that binds to NEDD8 (Non-patent Document 7). It has also been reported that NUB1 binds to S5a, a component protein of the 19S subunit of the 26S proteanome, and that overexpression increases the amount of NEDD8 protein co-precipitated with S5a (non-patented). Reference 8). From these reports, NUB1 became a recruiter protein responsible for the transition of the NEDD8 protein to the 26S proteanome by recognizing and binding to the NEDD8 part of the NEDD8 protein. After that, NEDD8 protein is thought to be degraded in the 26S proteasome.
- USP21 is one of cysteine proteases, and it has been reported that ubiquitinated proteins and NED D8-modified proteins have activity as deubiquitin / de-NEDD8-enzymes that cleave ubiquitin and NEDD8, respectively. (Non-Patent Document 9). In addition, as in USP21, it has been reported that DENl (human deneddylase 1) has an activity to remove NEDD8-modified callin (Cullin) from NEDD8 (Non-patent Document 10).
- Patent Document 1 Pamphlet of International Publication No. WO01Z67299.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Kelleher C. et al., “TRENDS in Biochemical Sciences”, 2002, Vol. 27, p. 572- 57 9 0
- Non-Patent Document 2 “The Journal of Biological Chemistry”, 1997, No. 272, p. 16729-16732.
- Non-Patent Document 3 “The Journal of Biological Chemistry”, 1999, No. 274, p. 13085-13090.
- Non-Patent Document 4 “The Journal of Biological Chemistry”, 1998, 273, p. 33436-33642.
- Non-Patent Document 5 “Gene”, 2000, No. 248, p. 1-14.
- Non-Patent Document 6 “Experimental Medicine”, 2004, No.22, No.2, p. 69-75.
- Non-Patent Document 7 “The Journal of Biological Chemistry”, 2001, No. 276, No. 23, p. 20603-20609
- Non-Patent Document 8 “The Journal of Biological Chemistry” Chemistry (The Journal of Biological Chemistry), 2001, No. 276, No. 49, p. 46655-46660
- Non-Patent Document 9 “The Journal of Biological Chemistry”, 2000, No. 75 , P. 14212—14216.
- Non-Patent Document 10 “The Journal of Biological Chemistry”, 2003, No. 278, No. 31, p. 28882- 2889
- Non-Patent Document 11 “Jeans and Development” (Genes & Development), 2005, 19th, p. 776—781.
- An object of the present invention is to find and provide a protein involved in the regulation of telomerase activity.
- the subject of the present invention also includes providing means for inhibiting telomerase activity.
- the subject of the present invention includes providing a means enabling the prevention and Z or treatment of diseases caused by increased telomerase activity, for example cancer diseases.
- TERT telomerase catalytic subunit
- NEDD8 a ubiquitin-like protein
- USP21 a cysteine protease
- TERT is converted to NEDD8, NEDD8-converted TERT is de-EDD8 by USP21, and proteasome-dependent degradation of NEDD8-modified TERT results in proteasome-dependent TERT degradation, USP21 Clarified that TERT was stabilized by, and that USP21 increased telomerase activity in the nucleus depending on its cysteine protease activity. From these experimental results, there is a proteasome-dependent TERT degradation control mechanism through the conversion of TERT to NE DD8 and NEDD8 conversion by de-NEDD8 conversion by USP21. It was found that the activity was regulated, and the present invention was completed.
- the present invention relates to a method for promoting the degradation of TERT, which comprises inhibiting the binding between NEDD8-modified TERT and USP21.
- the present invention also relates to a method for promoting the degradation of TERT, characterized by inhibiting the de-NEDD8 conversion of NEDD8-modified TERT by USP21.
- the present invention relates to a method for inhibiting telomerase activity, characterized by using the method for promoting the degradation of TERT.
- the present invention provides a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT, and the compound is allowed to interact with USP21 and ZP or TEP21 under conditions that allow interaction between USP21 and Z or TERT.
- the present invention also relates to an identification method characterized by determining whether or not the compound is capable of inhibiting the binding between USP21 and TERT.
- the present invention also relates to a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding of USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT, under the conditions that allow the interaction between a certain compound and USP21 and Z or NEDD8-conjugated TERT.
- the compound is contacted with USP21 and Z or NEDD8 TERT, then the signal resulting from binding of USP21 and NEDD8 TERT and the system using the Z or marker is used to determine whether the signal and Z or marker are present.
- the present invention provides a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the removal of NEDD8-modified TERT by USP21 under conditions that allow interaction of a compound with USP21 and Z or NEDD8-modified TERT.
- the compound is contacted with USP21 and Z or NEDD8-conjugated TERT, and then the signal and Z or marker of the signal and Z or marker are generated using a signal and Z or marker generated by de-NEDD8ization of NEDD8-conjugated TERT with USP21.
- determining whether the compound inhibits the de-NEDD8 conversion of NEDD8 TERT by USP21 By detecting the presence or absence or change, determining whether the compound inhibits the de-NEDD8 conversion of NEDD8 TERT by USP21.
- the present invention relates to a characteristic identification method.
- the present invention relates to a telomerase activity inhibitor comprising a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-modified TERT.
- the present invention also relates to a telomerase activity inhibitor comprising a compound that inhibits the removal of NEDD8-modified TERT by USP21.
- the present invention relates to a preventive and Z or therapeutic agent for diseases caused by enhanced telomerase activity, comprising the telomerase activity inhibitor.
- the present invention relates to an anticancer agent comprising the telomerase activity inhibitor.
- the present invention also relates to a method for preventing a disease caused by an increase in telomerase activity, and a method for Z or treatment, characterized by using the method for inhibiting telomerase activity.
- the present invention relates to a cancer prevention method and Z or treatment method characterized by using the telomerase activity inhibition method.
- the present invention relates to a method for preventing and / or treating a disease caused by increased telomerase activity, characterized by using the telomerase activity inhibitor.
- the present invention also relates to a cancer prevention method and Z or treatment method characterized by using the telomerase activity inhibitor.
- the present invention relates to USP21, a polynucleotide encoding USP21, a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide, and a transformant containing the recombinant vector, at least one of TERT and TERT.
- the present invention relates to a reagent kit containing at least one of a recombinant vector and a transformant containing the recombinant vector. The invention's effect
- TERT degradation was regulated by NEDD8 conversion of 1S TERT and NED D8 conversion of TERT by USP21.
- USP21 has been shown to increase nuclear telomerase activity depending on its cysteine protease activity. That is, we found that there is a proteasome-dependent TER T degradation control mechanism through the removal of TERT from NEDD8 and NED D8 by the removal of USRT21 from TERT, and this mechanism regulates intracellular telomerase activity. It was.
- NEDD8 TERT by inhibiting the removal of NEDD8 TERT by USP21, the degradation of NEDD8 TERT by a proteanome, such as the 26S proteasome, can be promoted.
- NEDD8 conversion by the proteasome promotes the degradation of TERT, thereby promoting the degradation of TER T, resulting in a decrease in the amount of intracellular TERT. Since TERT is the catalytic subunit of telomerase, decreasing the amount of TERT inhibits telomerase activity
- Inhibition of NEDD8-ized TERT by USP21 can be carried out, for example, by inhibiting the binding of USP21 and NEDD8-modified TERT. Therefore, by inhibiting the binding of USP21 to NEDD8-modified TERT, proteasome-dependent NED D8-ized TERT degradation can be promoted, and as a result, TERT degradation can be promoted and telomerase activity can be inhibited.
- telomerase activity can be inhibited. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent and / or treat diseases caused by increased telomerase activity.
- Telomerase has a function of imparting immortalizing ability (infinite life) to cells, and its activity is detected in immortalized cells such as cancer cells. Inhibiting telomerase activity according to the present invention can induce finite life of cancer cells and cell death due to chromosomal instability. Therefore, according to the present invention, for example, prevention and Z or treatment of cancer diseases can be performed.
- FIG. 1-A is a diagram showing the result of in silico prediction of the interaction between TERT and NEDD8.
- T A local alignment was performed between ERT and NEDD8, and the area showing the high! And score was shown.
- the amino acid sequence is represented by one letter.
- the numbers in the figure refer to the position of the N-terminal amino acid in each region shown in each amino acid sequence of TERT or NEDD8.
- FIG. 1-B It is a figure which shows the result of having predicted the interaction of TERT and USP21 in silico. Regions with high scores after local alignment between TERT and USP21 are shown.
- the amino acid sequence is represented by one letter.
- FIG.4 Cell lysate (cell 1 ysate) of cultured cells in which N-terminal FLAG—tag-added TERT (FLAG TERT) and N-terminal HA—tag-added NEDD8 (HA NEDD8) are transiently co-expressed O! /,
- HA-NEDD8 immunoprecipitation (IP) was performed with anti-HA antibody (a HA)
- co-precipitation of FLAG-TERT was observed (lane 2: upper panel).
- FIG. FLAG The coprecipitation of TERT was done using anti-FLAG antibody (a FLAG). Detected by tumbling (WB).
- the smear-like signal of the polymer domain detected was considered to be TERT modified with one or more HA-NEDD8 ((HA-NEDD8)-FLA G- TERT).
- HA-NEDD8 HA-NEDD8
- co-precipitation of FLAG-TERT by the anti-HA antibody and smear-like signal in the polymer region were not observed (lane 1: upper panel).
- the amount of FLAG-TERT in the cell lysates used was about the same for cells expressing FLAG-TERT alone and for cells expressing FLAG-TERT and HA-NED D8. (Lane 1 and 2, respectively: bottom panel).
- FIG. 5 Cell lysate of cultured cells in which TERT and N-terminal FLAG—tag-attached cage type NEDD8 (FLAG—NEDD8) are transiently co-expressed.
- a smear-like signal considered to be a modified TERT ((FLAG—NEDD8)-FLAG -TERT) was detected in the polymer region (lane 3: upper panel), and the signal was N-terminal HA— It is a figure which shows that it decreased remarkably by the co-expression of tag addition type USP21 (HA-USP-21) (lane 4: upper panel).
- Such signals were not observed in cell lysates of cultured cells expressing TERT or FLAG—NEDD8 alone (lanes 1 and 2, respectively: upper panel).
- the decrease in the signal was not observed when the N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21 inactive mutant (HA-USP21C221A) was co-expressed (lane 5: upper panel).
- the amount of TERT in the cell lysate used was: cells expressing TERT alone, cells co-expressing TERT and FLAG-NEDD8, cells co-expressing TERT, FLAG-NEDD8 and HA-USP21
- all of the cells co-expressing TERT, FLAG—NEDD8 and HA—USP21C221A were almost equivalent (lanes 1, 3, 4, and 5: middle panel, respectively). It was also confirmed that HA-USP21 or HA-USP21C221A was expressed in the cell lysate used!
- FLAG NEDD8
- FLAG TERT was detected by Western blotting (WB) using anti-FLA G antibody (ex FLAG) after immunoprecipitation (IP) with anti-TERT antibody TERT).
- TERT was detected by Western blotting using ⁇ TERT.
- Detection of HA—USP21 and HA—USP21C221A was performed using anti-HA antibody ( ⁇ ⁇ ). Estan blotting was performed.
- FIG.7 Cell lysate co-expressed with N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21 (HA—USP21) and TERT (lane 3: upper panel), and TERT was expressed alone Compared to cell lysates of cells co-expressed with cells or TERT and N-terminal HA-tag added USP21 inactivated mutant (HA-USP21C2 21A) (lanes 2 and 4, respectively: upper panel ), Showing an increase in TERT amount. There was no change in the amount of ⁇ -tubulin, an endogenous protein (lanes 1 to 4: lower panel). The amount of USP21 or USP21C221A protein in the cell lysate used was almost the same (lanes 3 and 4: middle panel).
- TERT and j8-tubulin proteins were detected by Western blotting (Blot) using anti-TERT antibody ( ⁇ TERT) and anti- ⁇ tubulin antibody ( ⁇ ⁇ -tubulin), respectively.
- HA-USP21 and HA-USP21C221A were detected by Western blotting using an anti-HA antibody ( ⁇ ).
- telomere activit y intracellular telomerase activity
- No increase in intracellular telomerase activity due to overexpression of HA—USP21 was observed in the overexpression of N-terminal HA—tag-added USP21 inactive mutant (HA—USP21C221A).
- FIG. 8-B In cell lysates of SaOS2 cells with low intracellular telomerase activity, the cells overexpress N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21 (HA-USP21) together with TERT. It is a figure which shows that increase of the amount of TERT was recognized (lane 2: upper panel) compared with the case where TERT was made to express alone (lane 1: upper panel). In the cell lysate of cells overexpressing TERT and N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21 inactive mutant (HA—USP21C221A), an increase in TERT was not observed (re- 3: Upper panel).
- HA—USP21 and HA—USP21C221A were confirmed by Western blotting (WB) (lanes 2 and 3: lower panel, respectively).
- TERT was detected by Western blotting (WB) using an anti-TERT antibody (a TERT).
- HA-USP21 and HA-USP21C221A were detected by Western blotting using an anti-HA antibody ( ⁇ HA). (Example 6)
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing that telomerase activity is increased in the cell nucleus due to overexpression of N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21 (HA-USP21). This increase in telomerase activity was not observed in the overexpression of the N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21 inactive mutant (HA-USP21C221A). (Example 7)
- FIG. 10 shows the results (lanes 2 and 3) of detecting the expression of the human USP21 gene in HeLa cells by RT-PCR.
- the cDNA fragment of human USP21 gene was detected by ethidium bromide staining.
- RT-PCR was performed using two primer pairs, 1F & 1R and 2F & 2R, respectively.
- Lane 1 shows the size marker.
- protein As used herein generically, it means an isolated or synthetic full-length protein; an isolated or synthetic full-length polypeptide; or an isolated or synthetic full-length oligopeptide.
- protein may be used.
- the protein, polypeptide or oligopeptide includes two or more amino acids linked to each other by peptide bonds or modified peptide bonds. In the following, amino acids may be represented by one or three letters.
- TERT degradation was regulated by NEDD8 conversion of 1S TERT and NED D8 conversion of TERT by USP21. Furthermore, USP21 was shown to increase nuclear telomerase activity depending on its cysteine protease activity.
- NEDD8 has a very high homology with ubiquitin at the primary structure and conformation level, and as in the case of ubiquitination modification, NEDD8 modification of proteins is proteasome-dependent. It has been suggested that it may act as a signal for proteolysis (Non-patent Document 5). In addition, ubiquitination of TERT by MKRN1 and ubiquitination of TERT by proteasome has also been reported (Non-patent Document 11). In the present invention, it was demonstrated that NERT-degraded TERT is degraded in a proteasome-dependent manner, whereby TERT is degraded in a proteasome-dependent manner. Based on these results, we believe that NEDD8 TERT is degraded by the proteasome.
- telomere activity is inhibited by reducing the amount of TERT by promoting the degradation of NEDD8-modified TERT. Therefore, telomerase activity can be inhibited by promoting the degradation of NEDD8-modified TERT.
- One embodiment of the present invention achieved on the basis of these findings is that the method for promoting the degradation of TERT, characterized by inhibiting the removal of NEDD8-modified TERT by USP21, and using the method for promoting the degradation
- the present invention relates to a method for inhibiting telomerase activity.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a method for promoting the degradation of TERT, characterized by inhibiting the binding between NEDD8-modified TERT and USP21, and using the method for promoting the degradation of TERT, which inhibits telomerase activity. Regarding the method.
- TERT is a protein constituting telomerase and a catalytic subunit of telomerase enzymatic activity.
- Preferred examples of the TERT gene and the protein encoded by the gene include human-derived polynucleotides and proteins represented by the sequences described in SEQ ID NO: 1 and SEQ ID NO: 2 in the sequence listing, respectively.
- Telomerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the elongation reaction of telomeric sequences at the end of chromosomes in eukaryotic cells. By maintaining the length of telomeres, cells are immortalized (infinite lifetime).
- NEDD8 is a ubiquitin-like protein having about 80% homology with ubiquitin at the amino acid level, comprising 81 amino acids.
- Preferred examples of the NEDD8 gene and the protein encoded by the gene include human-derived polynucleotides and proteins represented by the sequences shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 and SEQ ID NO: 4 in the sequence listing, respectively.
- the 48th lysine residue in the amino acid sequence is identified as the site of ubiquitin in ubiquitin.
- the 48th amino acid residue is a lysine residue, and the reaction mechanisms of NEDD8 and ubiquitin ⁇ are considered to be similar.
- NEDD8 conversion means modification of a protein by NEDD8 by covalently binding one or more NEDD8 to one molecule of protein. NEDD8 is thought to be covalently bound to a lysine residue in the target protein. Similar to protein ubiquitination, when another NEDD8 is further covalently bound to a lysine residue in NEDD8 bound to a lysine residue in the target protein, multiple NEDD8s are bound in a chain to the protein. Conceivable.
- NEDD8-modified TERT means a NERT-modified TERT, that is, a TERT modified by covalently bonding one or more NEDD8 to one molecule of TERT.
- the "proteanome” is preferably the 26S proteasome.
- the 26S proteasome is a protease complex involved in the selective and energy-dependent degradation of ubiquitin protein. It has been reported that NUB1 that binds to the constituent subunit of 26S proteanome binds to NE DD8 (Non-patent Document 7). NUB1 has been reported to bind to S5a, a component protein of the 19S subunit of the 26S proteasome, and to increase the amount of NEDD8 protein co-precipitated with S5a due to overexpression of NUB1 (Non-patent Document 8). ).
- NUB1 is thought to function as a recruiter protein responsible for the transition of the NEDD8 protein to the 26S proteanome by recognizing and binding to the NEDD8 part of the NEDD8 protein, and then the NEDD 8 protein in the 26S proteasome. It is considered that the protein is degraded. Therefore, the 26S preteasome is preferably exemplified as the “proteanome”.
- the proteasome involved in the degradation mechanism of NEDD8-modified TERT by the proteasome is not limited to the 26S proteanome, and may be a proteasome that is misaligned as long as it is involved in the resolution mechanism of NEDD8-modified TERT. ,.
- Proteasome-dependent degradation of NEDD8-modified TERT refers to a series of reactions in which NEDD8-modified TERT is transferred to the proteanome by the action of a recruiter protein such as NUB1 and then decomposed into the proteasome. Means.
- De-NEDD8 conversion of NEDD8 TERT by USP21 means that after USP21 binds to TERT, the TERT is converted to NEDD8 by the NEDD8 conversion mechanism in the cell, and the resulting NEDD8 TERT is converted into the USP21 It means a series of reactions in which NE DD8 is released depending on the cysteine protease activity.
- another aspect of the present invention is characterized by inhibiting the binding between USP21 and TERT, and a method for promoting the degradation of TERT, and using the method for promoting the degradation of telomerase activity It relates to an inhibition method.
- This binding inhibition promotes the degradation of NEDD8-conjugated TERT by a proteanome, such as the 26 S proteasome, which promotes the degradation of TERT, reduces the amount of intracellular TERT, and inhibits telomerase activity.
- USP21 is one of cysteine proteases, and ubiquitinated protein and NEDD8-modified protein have activity as deubiquitin ⁇ Z-de-NDD8-forming enzymes that cleave ubiquitin and NEDD8, respectively.
- Non-patent Document 9 Preferred examples of the USP21 gene and the protein encoded by the gene include human-derived polynucleotides and proteins represented by the sequences shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 and SEQ ID NO: 6 in the sequence listing, respectively.
- the detection of NEDD8 conversion by NEP8 using TEP USP21 is performed by, for example, using eukaryotic cells or cultured cell lines in which expression of TERT or telomerase activity has been observed, and integrating USP21 into the cells or cell lines. It can be carried out by transiently expressing and measuring the amount of NEDD8-conjugated TERT and Z or TERT in the cell lysate of the cell or cell line (see Example 3). The amount of NEDD8 TERT and the amount of TERT can be measured by a known Western blot method or the like. Telomerase activity can be measured by a known telomerase activity measuring method such as a trap method (TRAP method).
- TRAP method trap method
- TERT's NEDD8 TM is performed by the cell's intrinsic NEDD8 mechanism. NEDD8 in the cell lysate after de-NEDD8 conversion If the amount of TERT in the cell lysate decreases or disappears, or the amount of TERT in the cell lysate increases or occurs, NEDD8-modified TERT is removed by USP21. Can be determined. As the cells, cells in which NEDD8-modified TERT is transiently expressed can be used. NEDD8-mediated TERT expression in cells is achieved by transfecting cells into cells using conventional genetic engineering techniques using an appropriate vector containing a polynucleotide encoding TERT and an appropriate vector containing a polynucleotide encoding NEDD8. This can be achieved by using Yong.
- Detection of NEDD8 conversion by TEP USP21 detects NEDD8 conversion by, for example, using eukaryotic cells or cultured cell lines (eg, SaOS2 cells) in which telomerase activity is not observed, and USP21 and TERT can be expressed transiently and measured by measuring the telomerase activity exhibited by the nuclear extract of the cell or cell line (see Example 6). Telomerase activity can be measured by a known telomerase activity measuring method such as a trap method (TRAP method). TERT's NEDD8 TM is carried out by the endogenous NEDD8 formation mechanism of cells.
- eukaryotic cells or cultured cell lines eg, SaOS2 cells
- Telomerase activity can be measured by a known telomerase activity measuring method such as a trap method (TRAP method).
- TERT's NEDD8 TM is carried out by the endogenous NEDD8 formation mechanism of cells.
- telomerase activity indicated by the nuclear extract increases or degenerates after de-NEDD8 conversion, it can be determined that NEDD8-modified TERT has been de-NEDD8-modified by USP21.
- the removal of NEDD8 from TERT by USP21 can be achieved by, for example, using cells or cell lines that exhibit endogenous telomerase activity (eg, HEK293T cells) to transiently express USP21 in the cells or cell lines. It can also be detected by the telomerase activity exhibited by the nuclear extract of the cell or cell line (see Example 7).
- the detection of inhibition of NEDD8 conversion by TEP USP21 in NEDD8 conversion is carried out by, for example, using eukaryotic cells or cultured cell lines in which TER T expression or telomerase activity is observed, and USP21 is added to the cells or cell lines. It can be carried out by expressing it transiently and measuring the amount of NEDD8-modified TERT and Z or TERT in the cell lysate of the cell or cell line (see Example 3). The NEDD8-modified TERT amount and TERT amount can be measured by a known Western blot method or the like. Telomerase activity can be measured by a known telomerase activity measuring method such as the trap method (TRAP method).
- TERT's NEDD8 TM is carried out by the endogenous NEDD8 assembly mechanism of cells. Inhibition of de-NEDD8 conversion, followed by inhibition, when NEDD8-conversion TERT in the cell lysate increases or occurs, or when TERT in the cell lysate decreases or disappears It can be determined that the removal of NEDD8 TERT from USP21 by NEDD8 was inhibited. NED cells Cells in which D8-modified TERT is transiently expressed can also be used. The expression of TERT in cells is transformed into cells using conventional genetic engineering techniques using an appropriate vector containing a polynucleotide encoding TERT and an appropriate vector containing a polynucleotide encoding NEDD8. This can be achieved by excision.
- Inhibition of de-NEDD8 conversion by TEP USP21 in NEDD8 detection is performed using, for example, a eukaryotic cell or a cultured cell line (eg, SaOS2 cell etc.) in which telomerase activity is not observed.
- USP21 and TERT can be expressed transiently and the telomerase activity exhibited by the nuclear extract of the cell or cell line can be measured (see Example 6).
- Telomerase activity can be measured by a known telomerase activity measuring method such as a trap method (TRAP method).
- TERT is converted to NEDD8 by the endogenous NEDD8 mechanism of cells.
- telomerase activity shown by the nuclear extract is attenuated or disappears after inhibition of de-NEDD8 formation, it can be determined that the removal of NEDD8-ized TERT by USP21 has been inhibited.
- detection of inhibition of NEDD8 conversion of NEDD8-modified TERT by USP21 can be performed by, for example, using cells or cell lines that exhibit endogenous telomerase activity (eg, HEK293T cells), and USP21 is bound to the cells or cell lines. It can also be carried out by transient expression and measuring the telomerase activity exhibited by the nuclear extract of the cell or cell line (see Example 7).
- “Binding between USP21 and TERT” means interacting with USP21 and TERT by a non-covalent bond such as a hydrogen bond, a hydrophobic bond, or an electrostatic interaction so as to form a force complex. To do. In this case, it is sufficient that USP21 and TERT are partly connected.
- the amino acids constituting USP21 or TERT may include amino acids that are not involved in the binding of USP21 and TERT.
- “Binding of USP21 and NEDD8 TERT” means that USP21 and NEDD8 TERT are bonded by noncovalent bonds such as hydrogen bond, hydrophobic bond, or electrostatic interaction so that a complex is formed. Means to interact. In this case, it is sufficient that USP21 and NEDD8 TER T are combined in part. For example, amino acids that are not involved in the binding of USP21 and NEDD8 TERT may be included in the amino acids constituting USP21 or NEDD8 TERT. [0072] In the present invention, it was clarified that USP21 and TERT bind to each other (see Example 2).
- NEDD8 TERT was de-NEDD8 converted by USP21 (see Example 3). From this, it can be considered that after USP21 binds to TERT, the TERT is converted to NEDD8 by the intracellular NED D8 mechanism, and the resulting NEDD8-modified TERT is de-NEDD8 converted by the USP21. Therefore, as the coupling between USP21 and NEDD8-modified TERT, for example, the coupling between USP21 or a part thereof and TERT constituting NEDD8-conjugated TERT or a part thereof can be exemplified.
- NEDD8-modified TERT can be obtained, for example, by transiently expressing NEDD8 and TERT in a cell, for example, HEK293T cells, and generating NEDD8-modified TERT by the NEDD8-forming mechanism in the cell.
- Purification of the NEDD8-conjugated TERT contained in the cells can be performed, for example, from the cell lysate of the cells by immunoprecipitation using an anti-TERT antibody and an anti-NEDD8 antibody, a affinity chromatography method, or the like.
- mutants include USP21 mutants in which the 221nd cysteine, which is the active site of USP21 cysteine protease activity, is substituted with other amino acids such as alanine or serine.
- Inhibition of binding between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT or TERT can be detected using the above-described method for detecting the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT or TERT. For example, when the signal generated by the binding of USP21 to NEDD8-conjugated TERT or TERT is reduced or eliminated compared to before the binding is inhibited, it can be determined that the binding is inhibited.
- TERT, NEDD8, USP21 and these genes are not limited to those represented by each of the above sequences, and proteins having one to several mutations in each of the above sequences as long as they have generally known functions and Can be a gene.
- a mutant in which one to several mutations are introduced into each of the above sequences can be used.
- the genes encoding TERT, NEDD8, and USP21 are clones known per se from, for example, appropriate sources in which the expression of each gene is observed (for example, cells derived from human brain, kidney, thymus, and breast cancer). -Easy to obtain using a method. Proteins encoded by these genes can be obtained by, for example, known genetic engineering techniques using the respective genes. For example, NEDD8-conjugated TERT can be prepared as an immunoprecipitate obtained by using an anti-TERT antibody or the like from the cell lysate of cells expressing NEDD8-conjugated TERT.
- NEDD8-modified TERT can be expressed by introducing a recombinant vector containing a polynucleotide encoding NEDD8 and a recombinant vector containing a polynucleotide encoding TERT into cells by a method known per se.
- NEDD8 and TERT expressed in the cell produce NEDD8-modified TERT in the cell by the NEDD8-forming mechanism inherent in the cell. Examples of cells in which the NEDD8-forming mechanism exists include HEK293T cells.
- proteasomes can also be prepared for cellular forces with proteasomes.
- Preferred examples of cells include human erythrocytes.
- the proteanome can be prepared according to the method of Emma Rich et al. (“The Journal of Biological Chemistry”, 2000, Vol. 275, p. 21140-21148).
- commercially available proteasomes can also be used.
- a program from AFFINITI Researc Products Ltd. (UK) Oral tearsomes can be purchased.
- Inhibition of NEDD8 conversion of TERT by USP21 can be carried out, for example, by using a compound that inhibits the removal of NEDD8 conversion from NEDD8 TERT by USP21.
- Inhibition of binding between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT can be carried out, for example, by using a compound that inhibits binding between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT.
- Inhibition of the binding between USP21 and TERT can be carried out, for example, by using a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT.
- a compound having such an inhibitory effect polypeptides having a competitive inhibitory effect, antibodies, low-molecular compounds and the like are mentioned as examples described later
- an inhibitor a compound having such an inhibitory effect (polypeptides having a competitive inhibitory effect, antibodies, low-molecular compounds and the like are mentioned as examples described later) is called an inhibitor.
- NEDD8 conversion Examples of the compound that inhibits the de-NEDD8 conversion of TERT by USP21 include compounds that can reduce the cysteine protease activity of USP21.
- examples of such compounds include cysteine protease inhibitors.
- the cysteine protease inhibitor is preferably an inhibitor that specifically inhibits the cysteine protease activity of USP21. Specific inhibition of USP21 cysteine protease activity means the ability to strongly inhibit USP21 cysteine protease activity without inhibiting or weakly inhibiting the enzyme activity of other enzymes.
- Examples of compounds that inhibit the removal of NEDD8 TERT from USP21 by NEP21 include compounds that inhibit the binding of USP21 and NEDD8 TERT.
- the compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT is preferably a compound that specifically inhibits the binding, and more preferably a low molecular weight compound that specifically inhibits the binding.
- To specifically inhibit the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-modified TERT means that the binding is strongly inhibited, but the binding between other proteins is not inhibited or weakly inhibited.
- NEDD8 conversion As a compound that inhibits the de-NEDD8 conversion of TERT by USP21, for example, a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT can be mentioned.
- the compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT is preferably a compound that specifically inhibits the binding, and more preferably a low molecular weight compound that specifically inhibits the binding.
- Specific inhibition of binding between USP21 and TERT strongly inhibits the binding, but other proteins It means that interstitial binding is not inhibited or weakly inhibited.
- Examples of compounds that inhibit the binding of USP21 to NEDD8-modified TERT include inactivated mutants of USP21.
- Examples of preferable inactive mutants include inactive mutants having the ability to bind to NEDD8-modified TERT.
- Such inactive mutants can inhibit the action of USP21 on NEDD8-modified TERT by antagonizing wild-type USP21 and binding to NEDD8-conjugated TERT.
- Such an inactivated mutant can be identified by applying a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding of USP21 and NEDD8-modified TERT, which will be described later.
- Examples of compounds that inhibit the binding between USP21 and TERT include inactivated mutants of USP21.
- Examples of preferable inactive mutants include inactivated mutants having the ability to bind TERT. Such inactive mutants can inhibit the action of USP21 on TERT by binding to TERT in competition with wild-type USP21.
- Such inactivated mutants can be identified by carrying out a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT described below.
- Inactive mutant of USP21 refers to USP21 in which mutations such as amino acid deletion, substitution, addition or insertion are introduced into USP21, and USP21 (wild-type USP21) It means USP21 in which cysteine protease activity is attenuated or disappeared compared to.
- the inactive mutants of US P21 may be naturally occurring or artificially introduced with mutations. Means for introducing such mutations are known per se, for example, using Ulmer's technology (KM Ulmer, “Science”, 1983, No. 219, p. 666-671). Can be implemented.
- Examples of the mutation site include a site necessary for USP21 cysteine protease activity in the amino acid sequence of USP21.
- the 221nd cysteine can be exemplified as this site.
- the cystine is an active site of cysteine protease and is an amino acid residue essential for cysteine protease activity of USP21 (Non-patent Document 9).
- inactive type USP21 The binding between an inactivated mutant of USP21 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as inactive type USP21) and NEDD8-conjugated TERT is the same as the method for detecting the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT. It can be detected by this method.
- a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of the site where USP21 and NEDD8 TERT bind can be exemplified.
- An example of a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT is a polypeptide that also has an amino acid alignment ability at the site where USP21 and TERT bind.
- Such polypeptides can competitively inhibit binding between proteins.
- a polypeptide is designed from the amino acid sequence of USP21 or TERT and synthesized by a peptide synthesis method known per se, and inhibits the binding of USP21 and NEDD8-modified TERT or the binding of USP21 and TERT. Can be obtained by selecting.
- a polypeptide in which mutations such as deletion, substitution, addition or insertion of one to several amino acids are introduced into the thus identified polypeptide is also included in the scope of the present invention.
- the polypeptide into which such a mutation has been introduced preferably inhibits the binding between USP21 and NEDD8 TERT or the binding between USP21 and TERT.
- the polypeptide having a mutation may be a naturally occurring polypeptide or an artificially introduced mutation.
- Means for introducing such mutations are known per se, for example, using Ulmer's technology (KM Ulmer ⁇ “Science”, 1983, 219, p. 666-671). Can be implemented. Introducing such a mutation, for example, from the viewpoint of not changing the basic properties (physical properties, functions, immunological activity, etc.) of the polypeptide, for example, homologous amino acids (polar amino acids, nonpolar amino acids, Mutual substitution between hydrophobic amino acids, hydrophilic amino acids, positively charged amino acids, negatively charged amino acids, aromatic amino acids, etc.) is readily envisioned. Furthermore, these usable polypeptides can be modified to such an extent that the structural amino acid group or carboxyl group or the like is not significantly changed in function, such as amido modification.
- polypeptide can be produced by a general method known in peptide chemistry.
- the method described in the book (“Peptide Synthesis”, Maruzen Co., Ltd., 1975 and “Peptide Synthesis”, Interscience, New York, 1996) can be exemplified. Power Not limited to these, known methods can be widely used. Specific examples include peptide synthesis methods using ordinary liquid phase methods and solid phase methods, such as the Fmoc method. Alternatively, the peptide can be produced using a commercially available amino acid synthesizer. Or to obtain peptides by genetic engineering techniques You can also. For example, a recombinant expression vector capable of expressing a gene encoding a desired polypeptide in a host cell is prepared, and this is transformed into an appropriate host cell, for example, E. coli, and then transformed. Then, it can be produced by recovering the desired polypeptide from the culture obtained in the next step.
- Inhibition of binding between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT can also be achieved by using an antibody that recognizes USP21 or NEDD8-conjugated TERT and inhibits the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT.
- an antibody can be obtained by a known antibody production method using USP21 or NEDD8 TERT itself, or a fragment of these proteins, preferably a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence at the site where USP21 and NEDD8 TERT bind to each other as an antigen. .
- Inhibition of the binding between USP21 and TERT can also be carried out by using an antibody that recognizes USP21 or TERT and inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT.
- an antibody can be obtained by USP21 or TERT itself, or a fragment of these proteins, preferably a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence at the site where USP21 and TERT bind to each other by an antibody production method known per se.
- Inhibition of binding between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT can also be carried out with compounds that inhibit USP21 expression.
- USP gene antisense oligonucleotides can be exemplified as compounds that inhibit USP21 expression.
- siRNA small interfering RNA
- siRNA interference technique can also be exemplified as a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and NEDD8 TERT.
- Inhibition of binding between USP21 and TERT can also be carried out with compounds that inhibit USP21 expression.
- USP21 antisense oligonucleotides can be exemplified as compounds that inhibit USP21 expression.
- siRNA small interfering RNA
- siRNA interference can be exemplified as a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for inhibiting telomerase activity, which comprises using the method for promoting TERT degradation according to the present invention.
- telomerase activity is the result of degradation of TERT that constitutes telomerase. It means that the telomerase activity is reduced or disappeared compared with that before the degradation of ERT.
- Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein consisting of telomerase RNA, which is a RNA molecule in a cage shape, and TERT, which is a catalytic subunit.
- RNA RNA molecule in a cage shape
- TERT which is a catalytic subunit.
- there is a proteasome-dependent TERT degradation control mechanism through the removal of NERT8 of TERT from NEDD8 and the NEDD8 conversion of TERT by USP21. This TERT degradation control mechanism causes intracellular telomerase activity. Found the possibility of being adjusted.
- telomerase activity is regulated by the amount of TERT. Accordingly, telomerase activity can be inhibited by reducing the amount of TERT in cells using the method for promoting TERT degradation according to the present invention.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-modified TERT.
- the identification method of this compound can be carried out using a pharmaceutical screening system known per se. For example, select a condition that allows the compound to be examined (hereinafter referred to as the test compound) to interact with USP21 and Z or NEDD8-modified TERT, and under that condition, the test compound and USP21 and Z Or a system using a signal and Z or marker that can contact the NEDD8 TERT and detect the binding of USP21 to NEDD8 TERT, and the presence or absence of this signal and Z or marker or By detecting the change, a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-modified TE RT can be identified.
- another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT.
- the identification method of this compound can be carried out using a pharmaceutical screening system known per se. For example, select conditions that allow the test compound to interact with USP21 and Z or TERT, contact the test compound with USP21 and Z or TERT under the conditions, and Inhibiting the binding of USP21 and TER T by detecting the presence or absence or change of this signal and Z or marker using a signal and Z or marker-based system that can detect binding Can be identified.
- test compound is previously contacted with USP21 and Z or NEDD8-conjugated TERT, followed by the binding reaction between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT. It is also possible that the test compound coexists in these binding reactions.
- the conditions that allow the test compound to interact with USP21 and Z or NEDD8-modified TERT may be in vitro or in vivo. For example, eukaryotic cells or cultured cell lines in which TERT expression or telomerase activity is observed can be used.
- cells in which USP 21 and NEDD8-modified TERT are co-expressed can also be used.
- Expression in cells is performed by conventional genetic engineering using an appropriate vector containing a polynucleotide encoding USP21, an appropriate vector containing a polynucleotide encoding TERT, and an appropriate vector containing a polynucleotide encoding NEDD8. This can be accomplished by transfecting these vectors into cells using standard techniques.
- a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding of USP21 to NEDD8 TERT for example, the signal generated by the binding of USP21 to NEDD8 TERT or the marker power of the binding USP21 and Z or NEDD8 If the test compound shows a change such as a decrease or disappearance when contacted with TERT, it can be determined that the test compound inhibits the binding between USP21 and NEDD8 TERT.
- the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT can be easily determined by detecting the presence or absence of the binding of these proteins and measuring the change in Z or the amount of binding. Detection of binding of these proteins can be carried out using a protein detection method known per se, such as Western plotting.
- the test compound in the method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT, can be previously contacted with USP21 and Z or TERT, and then the binding reaction between USP21 and TERT can be performed, or It is also possible for the test compound to coexist in these binding reactions.
- Conditions that allow the test compound to interact with USP21 and Z or TERT may be in vitro or in vivo.
- eukaryotic cells or cultured cell lines in which TERT expression or telomerase activity is observed can be used.
- cells in which USP21 and TERT are co-expressed can also be used. Expression in cells is a suitable vector containing a polynucleotide encoding USP21
- a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT for example, the signal generated by the binding between USP21 and TERT or the marker force of the binding
- the test compound is contacted with USP21 and Z or TERT If it shows a change such as a decrease or disappearance, it can be determined that the test compound inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT.
- the binding between USP21 and TERT can be easily determined by detecting the presence or absence of the binding of these proteins and measuring the change in Z or the amount of binding. Detection of the binding of these proteins can be carried out using a protein detection method known per se, such as Western plotting.
- a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT is, for example, by reacting GST-fused USP21 with NEDD8-conjugated TERT in vitro, and using a glutathione scab to pull down both proteins. This can be carried out using a test system that detects the binding. The binding of both proteins can be detected using a Western plot method or the like.
- the method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-conjugated TERT can be carried out, for example, using the above-described method for measuring the binding between USP21 and TERT.
- intracellular cells are obtained using cells obtained by expressing USP21 labeled with a labeling substance and TERT labeled with a labeling substance other than the labeling substance in appropriate animal cells. This can be carried out using a test system (see Example 2) that detects the binding reaction. Detection of the binding between USP21 and TERT in such a test system can be carried out by a known method such as immunoprecipitation or Western blotting.
- the amount of protein to be bound decreases or binding is no longer detected as compared to the result in the absence of the test compound.
- a method for identifying compounds that inhibit the binding of USP21 to NEDD8-conjugated TERT is also possible by reacting GST fusion USP21 with TERT in vitro and binding both proteins by pull-down method using dartathione oil. This can be carried out using a test system that detects (see Example 2).
- Detection of the binding between GST-fused USP21 and TERT in such a test system involves (i) labeling TERT with a labeling substance in advance, (ii) performing a binding reaction between GST-fused USP21 and TERT, and (iii The reaction can be carried out by mixing (d) Glutathione Sepharose and the reaction product, (iv) fractionating the complex of GST-fused USP21 and TERT, and (V) detecting the labeling substance contained in the complex.
- Any labeling substance generally used for protein detection can be used.
- a radioisotope such as 35 s can be preferably exemplified.
- the amount of labeling substance detected when the test compound coexists in such a test system is reduced compared to the amount of labeling substance detected in the absence of the test compound. Can be determined to inhibit the binding between USP21 and TERT and the binding between USP21 and NED D8-modified TERT.
- a known two-hybrid method can also be used as a test system used in a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-modified TERT.
- a plasmid that expresses USP21 and a DNA-binding protein as a fusion protein a plasmid that expresses TERT and a transcriptional activation protein as a fusion protein
- a plasmid containing a reporter gene connected to an appropriate promoter gene are yeast, eukaryotic cells.
- the expression level of the reporter gene when the test compound coexists is compared with the expression level of the reporter gene in the absence of the test compound.
- the test compound When the expression level of the reporter gene in the presence of the test compound decreases compared to the expression level of the reporter gene in the absence of the test compound, the test compound binds to USP21 and TERT and It can be determined that it has an action of inhibiting the binding between USP21 and NEDD8-modified TERT.
- An example of a reporter gene is lacZ.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for identifying a compound that inhibits NEDD8-modified TERT from de-NEDD8 conversion by USP21.
- the identification method of this compound can be carried out using a pharmaceutical screening system known per se. For example, a condition that allows interaction between a compound to be investigated (hereinafter referred to as a test compound) and USP21 and Z or NEDD8-modified TERT is selected, and under this condition, the test compound and USP21 and Z or The presence or absence or change of this signal and Z or marker can be detected using a system that uses a signal and Z or marker that can detect the NEDD8 conversion of the NEDD8 TERT by USP21 after contact with NEDD8 TERT. By detecting, it is possible to identify a compound that inhibits NEDD8 conversion of TERT by USP21.
- test compound was previously contacted with USP21 and NEDD8 TERT, followed by NED D8 conversion of TERT by USP21. Or a test compound can be allowed to coexist in the reaction.
- Conditions allowing the test compound to interact with USP21 and NEDD8 TERT may be in vitro or in vivo.
- eukaryotic cells with TERT expression or telomerase activity Alternatively, cultured cell lines can be used.
- cells in which USP21 and NEDD8-modified TERT are co-expressed can also be used.
- Expression in cells is carried out by conventional genetic engineering techniques using an appropriate vector containing a polynucleotide encoding USP21, an appropriate vector containing a polynucleotide encoding TERT, and an appropriate vector containing a polynucleotide encoding NEDD8. This can be achieved by transfecting these vectors into cells.
- the test compound in a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the removal of NEDD8 from TEDD by USP21 in NEDD8, for example, the signal generated by the removal of NEDD8 from TERT by USP21 in NEDD8 If the test compound shows a change such as decrease or disappearance when contacted with USP21 and Z or NE DD8 TERT, the test compound can be judged to inhibit the removal of NEDD8 from NEDD8 TERT by USP21.
- the TERT is converted to NEDD8 by the intracellular NEDD8-forming mechanism, and the resulting NEDD8-ized TERT is de-NEDD8-converted by the USP21 to form NEDD8-ized TERT. It was shown that the quantity can be considered to decrease. NEDD8 conversion As TERT is de-NEDD8 converted by USP21 and its amount decreases, TERT amount is expected to increase. Therefore, the removal of NEDD8-modified TERT by USP21 and the inhibition of the removal of NEDD8 can be detected by the amount of NEDD8-modified TERT and the amount of TERT.
- a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the de-EDD8 conversion of NEDD8-modified TERT by USP21 can be carried out using the amount of NEDD8-modified TERT and the amount of Z or TERT as an index.
- this identification method is performed using NEDD8-conjugated TERT as an index, when the amount of NEDD8-conjugated TERT increases or develops due to the test compound compared to before the test compound is used, the test compound is NEDD8-conjugated TERT. Can be determined to inhibit the de-NEDD8 conversion of USP21.
- this identification method is performed using the TERT amount as an index, when the TERT amount decreases or disappears due to the test compound, it can be determined that the test compound inhibits the NEDD8 conversion of TERT by USP21. .
- NEDD8 conversion A method for identifying compounds that inhibit TERT de-NEDD8 conversion by USP21 For example, it can be performed using a test system that detects NEDD8-modified TERT and TERT by Western blotting from a cell lysate of cells in which USP21, TERT and NEDD8 are transiently co-expressed (see Example 3). . Detection of NEDD8-conjugated TERT and TERT in such a test system can be carried out by previously labeling NEDD8 and / or TERT and detecting the labeling substance. For example, HA-tag, FLAG-tag and the like can be preferably exemplified as labeling substances.
- the amount of NEDD8 TERT detected when the test compound coexists with the amount of NEDD8 TERT detected when not coexisting. It can be determined that the test compound inhibits the de-EDD8 conversion of NEDD8 TERT by USP21. In addition, when the amount of TERT detected when the test compound coexists is reduced or disappears compared to the amount of TERT detected when the test compound does not coexist, the test compound is also nedd8 TERT. Can be determined to inhibit the de-NEDD8 conversion of USP21. It is preferable that the total amount of NEDD8 TERT and TERT detected when the test compound coexists is substantially equal to the total amount detected when the test compound does not coexist. .
- the TERT is converted into NEDD8 by the intracellular NEDD 8 conversion mechanism, and the resulting NEDD8 conversion TERT is converted into NEDD8 by the USP21.
- TERT is a catalytic subunit of telomerase, it can be considered that an increase in the amount of TERT increases the intracellular telomerase activity.
- NEDD8-modified TERT can be detected by the telomerase activity, and the inhibition of the de-NEDD8-ized TERT. Therefore, a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the removal of NEDD8 TERT from USP21 by USP21 can be performed using telomerase activity as an index.
- this identification method is performed using telomerase activity as an index, when telomerase activity is reduced or eliminated by the test compound compared to before using the test compound, the test compound is determined according to USP21 of NEDD8 TERT. It can be determined that inhibition of de-NEDD8 conversion is inhibited.
- telomerase activity measuring method known per se
- telomerase activity measuring method known per se
- TRAP trap
- cells used include animal cells that do not have endogenous telomerase activity. More preferably, SaOS2 cells (human osteosarcoma cell line) can be used.
- the telomerase activity detected when the test compound coexists is reduced to or disappears from the telomerase activity detected when the test compound is not coexisting. It can be judged that TERT is inhibited from de-NEDD8 conversion by USP21.
- the method of identifying a compound that inhibits the removal of NEDD8 by TEP21 from NEDD8 is performed by, for example, measuring the telomerase activity of a nuclear extract of cells in which USP21 is transiently expressed by a known telomerase activity measurement method. This can be done using the test system to be measured (see Example 7).
- a preferred example of the method for measuring telomerase activity is the trap (TRAP) method.
- Preferred examples of cells to be used include animal cells having endogenous telomerase activity. More preferably, HEK293T cells can be used.
- test The compound when the telomerase activity detected when the test compound coexists is reduced or disappears compared to the telomerase activity detected when the test compound does not coexist, the test The compound can be determined to inhibit the NEDD8 conversion of TERT by USP21.
- TERT, NEDD8 and USP21 may be cells or biological samples prepared by genetic engineering techniques, cell-free synthetic products or chemical synthetic products, or further purified from them. It may be a thing. Cells in which TERT, NEDD8 and USP21 are expressed by genetic engineering techniques can also be used. As long as TERT, NEDD8 and USP21 do not affect their properties and functions, other proteins and polypeptides such as GST, ⁇ -galactosidase, IgG Fc fragments, His-tag ⁇ Add tag peptides such as Myc tag, HA tag, FLAG tag tag or Xpress tag directly or indirectly through linker peptides using genetic engineering techniques. May be.
- TERT, NEDD8 and USP21 include, for example, the combination of TERT and NEDD8, TERT and USP21 Binding, NEDD8 binding TERT and NUB1, NEDD8 binding TERT and S5a binding, NED D8 binding TERT and USP21 binding, USP21 cysteine protease activity, NEDD8 ⁇ TERT de-NEDD8 conversion by USP21, etc.
- the test compound is, for example, a chemical library, a compound derived from a natural product, or a compound obtained by drug design based on the primary structure or three-dimensional structure of TERT, USP21 and NEDD8. Is mentioned. Alternatively, a compound or the like obtained by drug design based on the polypeptide structure having the amino acid sequence at the binding site of TERT and USP21 is also suitable as the test compound.
- telomerase activity inhibitor comprising a compound that promotes the degradation of TERT.
- the present telomerase activity inhibitor can be a telomerase activity inhibitor comprising a compound that inhibits NEDD8-modified TERT from de-NEDD8-ized by USP21.
- the telomerase activity inhibitor can be a telomerase activity inhibitor comprising a compound that inhibits the binding of USP21 to NEDD8-conjugated TERT.
- the telomerase activity inhibitor can be a telomerase activity inhibitor comprising a compound that inhibits the binding between USP21 and TERT.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above compound and the above telomerase activity inhibitor.
- the compound and the telomerase activity inhibitor can be prepared as a pharmaceutical composition by selecting in consideration of the balance between biological usefulness and toxicity. In preparing a pharmaceutical composition, these compounds and inhibitors can be used alone or in combination.
- the above-mentioned telomerase activity inhibitor and medicinal thread and adult product can be used as a preventive agent and a Z or therapeutic agent for diseases caused by the action of telomerase or enhanced activity thereof.
- the prevention method and Z or the treatment method of such a disease can be implemented using the said telomerase activity inhibitor and pharmaceutical composition.
- Such a disease prevention method and Z or treatment method can also be carried out by using the above telomerase activity inhibition method.
- diseases caused by increased telomerase activity include cancer diseases. That is, the telomerase activity inhibitor and the pharmaceutical composition can be used as an anticancer agent. Further, using the telomerase activity inhibitor, the pharmaceutical composition, and the telomerase activity inhibition method, Methods for preventing and z or treating diseases resulting from progression, such as cancer, can be performed.
- USP21 and NEDD8 are expressed in various tissues of the human body
- HeLa cells which are cells derived from human uterine cancer tissue
- a proteasome-dependent degradation mechanism of NEDD8-modified TERT and TERT exists in these cells was shown.
- USP21 expression was detected in the cells using RT-PCR (see Example 8). Therefore, also in cancer cells, there is a proteasome-dependent TERT degradation control mechanism through the NEDD8 conversion of TERT and the removal of NEDD8 by NEP8 of TERT by USP21. It is considered that the telomerase activity is regulated.
- the type of target tumor is not particularly limited and can be applied to either solid tumors or non-solid tumors.
- the type of solid tumor or non-solid tumor is not particularly limited, and can be applied to all types of tumors having telomerase activity.
- stomach cancer esophageal cancer, colon cancer, small intestine cancer, duodenal cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, gallbladder cancer, spleen cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer, oral cancer, bone cancer, skin cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, prostate cancer
- solid tumors such as brain tumors and neuroblastomas
- non-solid tumors such as leukemias and malignant lymphomas
- the disease-preventing agent and Z or therapeutic agent of the present invention can be produced as a medicament containing an effective amount of at least one of the above-mentioned compounds and the above-mentioned inhibitors as an active ingredient. Usually, it is preferably produced as a pharmaceutical composition containing one or more pharmaceutical carriers in addition to the active ingredient.
- the amount of the active ingredient contained in the pharmaceutical preparation according to the present invention is appropriately selected from a wide range. Usually, it is appropriate that the amount is in the range of about 0.0001 to 70% by weight, preferably about 0.0001 to 5% by weight.
- the pharmaceutical carrier includes a filler, a bulking agent, a binder, a moistening agent, a disintegrant, a lubricant, a diluent, an excipient, and the like that are generally used according to the form of use of the preparation. It can be illustrated. These are profitable It is appropriately selected depending on the administration form of the preparation to be used.
- water pharmaceutically acceptable organic solvent
- collagen polyvinyl alcohol, polybutylpyrrolidone, carboxyvinyl polymer, sodium alginate, water-soluble dextran, sodium carboxymethyl starch, pectin Xanthan gum, gum arabic gum, casein, gelatin, agar, glycerin, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, petrolatum, paraffin, stearyl alcohol, stearic acid, human serum albumin, mannitol, sorbitol, ratatose and the like.
- These may be used alone or in combination of two or more according to the dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition.
- the stabilizer examples include human serum albumin, ordinary L-amino acids, sugars, cellulose derivatives and the like. These can be used alone or in combination with a surfactant or the like. In particular, according to this combination, the stability of the active ingredient may be further improved.
- the L-amino acid is not particularly limited, and may be any of glycine, cysteine, glutamic acid and the like.
- Sugars are not particularly limited, for example, monosaccharides such as glucose, mannose, galactose and fructose, sugar alcohols such as mannitol, inositol and xylitol, disaccharides such as sucrose, maltose and lactose, dextran, hydroxypropyl starch and chondroitin Any of polysaccharides such as sulfuric acid and hyaluronic acid, and derivatives thereof may be used.
- monosaccharides such as glucose, mannose, galactose and fructose
- sugar alcohols such as mannitol, inositol and xylitol
- disaccharides such as sucrose, maltose and lactose
- dextran hydroxypropyl starch and chondroitin
- chondroitin Any of polysaccharides such as sulfuric acid and hyaluronic acid, and derivatives thereof may be used.
- Cellulose derivatives are also not particularly limited, such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl senorelose, hydroxypropinoresenorelose, hydroxypropino methenoresenorelose, strength ruboxymethylcellulose sodium, and so on!
- surfactant there are no particular limitations on the surfactant, and both an ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant can be used.
- Surfactants include, for example, polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl ester, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, sorbitan monoacyl ester, and fatty acid glyceride.
- Buffers include boric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, citrate, ⁇ -aminocaproic acid, glutamic acid and sputum or their corresponding salts (eg, their sodium, potassium, calcium Salt, alkali metal salt such as magnesium salt, alkaline earth metal salt) and the like.
- Examples of the isotonic agent include sodium chloride sodium, potassium salt potassium, sugars, glycerin and the like.
- Examples of the chelating agent include sodium edetate, citrate and the like.
- the medicine and pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention can be used as a solution preparation, and after freezing, drying and storing it, it contains water, physiological saline and the like at the time of use. It can also be used after it is dissolved in a buffer solution or the like to prepare an appropriate concentration.
- the dose range of the medicine and the pharmaceutical composition is not particularly limited, and the effectiveness of the contained ingredients, administration form, administration route, type of disease, nature of the subject (weight, age, medical condition and use of other medicines) Or the like) and the judgment of the doctor in charge.
- a suitable dose is, for example, in the range of about 0.01 ⁇ g to lOOmg, preferably about 0.0: Lg to lmg, per kg body weight of the subject.
- these dose changes can be made using general routine experimentation for optimization well known in the art.
- the above dose can be administered once to several times a day, or intermittently at a rate of once every several days or weeks.
- the pharmaceutical composition may be used alone or together with other compounds or medicines necessary for the prevention and Z or treatment of the target disease. May be used.
- other telomerase activity inhibitors or active ingredients of antitumor drugs may be added.
- the administration route can be selected from systemic administration or local administration! /.
- an appropriate administration route is selected according to the disease, symptoms and the like.
- the parenteral route includes normal intravenous administration, intraarterial administration, subcutaneous, intradermal, intramuscular administration and the like.
- it can be administered by oral route.
- transmucosal administration or transdermal administration is possible.
- it is preferable to administer directly to the tumor by injection or the like.
- Various administration forms can be selected according to the purpose. Typical examples are solid dosage forms such as tablets, pills, powders, powders, fine granules, granules, capsules, aqueous solutions, ethanol solutions, suspensions, fat emulsions, ribosome formulations. And inclusion forms such as cyclodextrin, and liquid dosage forms such as syrup and elixir.
- one embodiment of the present invention relates to a reagent kit.
- the reagent kit comprises at least one of USP21, a polynucleotide encoding USP21, a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide and a transformant containing the recombinant vector, and a polynucleotide encoding TERT or TERT.
- a reagent kit comprising at least one of a recombinant vector and a transformant containing the recombinant vector.
- it contains at least one of an enzyme necessary for the conversion of TERT to NEDD8, a gene encoding the enzyme, a vector containing the gene, and a transformant containing the vector.
- this reagent kit encodes at least one of TERT, a polynucleotide encoding TERT, a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide, and a transformant containing the recombinant vector, and NEDD8 and NEDD8. And a recombinant kit containing at least one of the recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide and a transformant containing the recombinant vector, and a proteome.
- This reagent kit can be used, for example, in the method for identifying a compound according to the present invention.
- USP21, TERT, and NEDD8 can be obtained by the manufacturing method described above.
- Polynucleotides, recombinant vectors, and transformants can be prepared by the above-described genetic engineering techniques.
- the proteasome can be prepared by the production method described above, and a commercially available proteasome can also be used.
- This reagent kit can contain required substances such as signals and Z or markers, buffers, and salts used in the above identification method.
- stabilizers and substances such as Z or preservatives may be included.
- Example 1 [0140] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on Examples.
- Example 1
- TERT which is a telomerase catalytic subunit
- NED D8 and USP21 were found as proteins predicted to have a function of interacting with TERT (Fig. 1A and Fig. 1-B, respectively).
- TERT-derived oligopeptides A RGSGA (SEQ ID NO: 8), ARRRGG (SEQ ID NO: 10), VSTLTD (SEQ ID NO: 12), LL GASVLGL ( (SEQ ID NO: 14))
- oligopeptides ARGGGG (SEQ ID NO: 9), ALRGGG (SEQ ID NO: 11), VKTLTG (SEQ ID NO: 13), and ILGGSVLHL (SEQ ID NO: 15)
- USP21 amino acid sequence includes TERT-derived amino acid residues (PRAPRCRA (SEQ ID NO: 16), HASGPRRR (SEQ ID NO: 18), SLPLPKR (SEQ ID NO: 20), GRTRGP ( (SEQ ID NO: 22), GRTRGPSDRG (SEQ ID NO: 24), AAEHRL (SEQ ID NO: 26), HRAW RT (SEQ ID NO: 28), TSPLRD (SEQ ID NO: 30)) Oligopeptide (PFA PRARS (SEQ ID NO: 17)) , RTSGPRPR (SEQ ID NO: 19), SLPIPKK (SEQ ID NO: 21), GRTREP (SEQ ID NO: 23), GRTSGPRPRG (SEQ ID NO: 25), ASEHRL (SEQ ID NO: 27), HRLGRT (SEQ ID NO: 29), TRPLRD (SEQ ID NO: 31))
- PFA PRARS SEQ ID NO: 17
- SLPIPKK SEQ ID NO: 21
- GRTREP
- Human TERT cDNA, human USP21 cDNA, and human NEDD8 cDNA are composed of human thymus cDNA, human kidney cDNA, and human brain cDNA (V, both from Clontech), reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (hereinafter referred to as RT-PCR). (Abbreviated).
- the TERT expression plasmid for animal cells was constructed by incorporating human TERT cDNA into the animal cell expression vector pCIneo (Promega). This plasmid is called pCIneo-TERT.
- N-terminal FLAG-tag-added TERT expression plasmid for animal cells was constructed by incorporating human TERT cDNA with a FLAG-tag coding sequence inserted just before the start codon into pCI (Clontech). This plasmid is called pCI-FLAG-TERT.
- the N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21 expression plasmid for animal cells was constructed by incorporating human USP21 cDNA into which HA-tag coding sequence was inserted immediately before the start codon into pCI (Clontech). This plasmid is called pCI-HA-USP21.
- an inactive human human USP21 in which the 221st cysteine essential for its cysteine protease activity (the cysteine is the active site of cysteine protease (Non-patent Document 9)) is substituted with alanine.
- An expression plasmid for (USP21C221A) was constructed. Specifically, cDNA was first prepared by substituting the codon encoding the cysteine in the USP21 gene with a codon encoding alanine (inactive human human USP21 cDNA).
- the N-terminal HA-tag-added inactive type USP21 expression plasmid for animal cells was constructed by incorporating the cDNA with the HA-tag coding sequence inserted immediately before the start codon into pCI. This plasmid is referred to as pCI-HA-USP21C221A.
- the N-terminal GST-fused USP21 expression plasmid for E. coli and the N-terminal GST fusion inactive ⁇ type USP21 expression plasmid for E. coli were transformed into pGEX-4T ( (Amersham Biosciences). These plasmids are called PGEX-USP21 and pGEX-USP21C221A, respectively.
- N-terminal HA-tag-added NEDD8 expression plasmid for animal cells and N-terminal for animal cells A terminal FLAG-tag-added NEDD8 expression plasmid was constructed by incorporating human NEDD8 cDNA into which HA-tag coding sequence and FLAG-tag coding sequence were inserted immediately before the start codon, respectively, into pCI (Clontech). These plasmids are called pCI-HA-NEDD8 and pCI-FLAG-NEDD8, respectively.
- Cell lysis buffer 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4 / 150 mM NaCl / lmM ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ZlmM ethylene glycol bistetraacetic acid (EGTA TritonX- 100/2. 5mM sodium pyrophosphate / lmM j8—glycose phosphate ZlmM Na VO
- the suspension was suspended in a Z protease inhibitor cocktail and allowed to stand on ice for 20 minutes. Thereafter, centrifugation was performed at 14 ° C. for 10 minutes at 4 ° C., and the supernatant was collected. The obtained supernatant was used as a cell lysate. Next, 450 1 cell lysate was added with 10 1 normal rabbit IgG-agarose (Sigma), previously blocked with 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA), and 4 ° After inversion in C for 1 hour, the mixture was centrifuged and the supernatant was collected.
- BSA bovine serum albumin
- GST, N-terminal GST-fused USP21 (hereinafter referred to as “03-chome-113-21”) and “-terminal GST-fused inactivated USP21 (hereinafter referred to as GST—USP21C221A) are pGE X—4T, It was obtained by inducing expression in Escherichia coli L21 strain into which pGEX-USP21 and pGEX-USP21C221A were introduced, respectively, followed by purification with glutathione sepharose (manufactured by Amersham Biosciences).
- TERT was obtained by in vitro synthesis using 35 S-methionine using the pCIneo— TERT as a vertical type and the 7 T7 T7 quick coupled transcription / translation system (manufactured by Promega). It was. 20 ⁇ l of in vitro synthesis reaction solution containing 5 g each of GST, GST—USP21 or GST—USP21C221A and TERT, with a final volume of 500 1 binding buffer (20 mM Tris—HC1, pH 8.0 / 140 mM NaCl / lmM EGTA, ImM After mixing in dithiothreitol (DTT) Zl% TritonX—100), the mixture was allowed to stand on ice for 1 hour.
- DTT dithiothreitol
- 201 dartathione sepharose 4B (Glutathione sepharose 4B, manufactured by Amersham Biosciences) was added and mixed by inverting at 4 ° C overnight, and then the beads were collected by centrifugation. Wash the beads 4 times with 500 1 binding buffer, and then add 20 ⁇ l of 2 X SDS sample buffer (125 mM Tris-HCl, pH 6.8 / 4% SDS / 20% glycerol ⁇ . 01% bromophenol blue). After heating at 100 ° C for 5 minutes, the supernatant was separated by 5-20% SDS-PAGE. Then, TERT was detected using FLA3000 (Fuji film). As a control for TERT detection by SDS-PAGE, TERT labeled with 35 S-methionine was used.
- Type USP21 with FLAG—TERT and N-terminal HA—tag (hereinafter referred to as HA—USP21)
- HA—USP21 N-terminal HA—tag
- the coprecipitation of the protein detected with the anti-FLAG antibody was observed when HA—USP21 was immunoprecipitated with the anti-HA antibody.
- the co-precipitated protein was thought to be FLAG-TER T.
- co-precipitation of FLAG-TERT with anti-HA antibody was not observed in cells expressing FLAG-TERT alone (Fig. 2, lane 1: lower panel).
- HA-USP21 or FLAG-TERT in cultured cells was confirmed using anti-HA antibody or anti-FLAG antibody, respectively (upper and middle panels in lane 1 and lane 2 in Fig. 2).
- the above results suggested the possibility that TERT and USP21 bind.
- HA N-terminal HA—tag-attached cage type NEDD8
- HA N-terminal HA—tag-attached cage type NEDD8
- HA N-terminal HA—tag-attached cage type NEDD8
- protein co-precipitation detected with anti-FLAG antibody was observed (lane 2 in Fig. 4: upper panel).
- the co-precipitated protein was considered to be FLAG-TERT.
- the signal indicating the co-precipitated protein was detected in the high molecular weight region from the molecular weight of FLAG-TERT, and the signal was smeared.
- NE DD8 is one of the ubiquitin-like proteins and is known to covalently bind to proteins as one of the post-translational modifications of proteins. This suggests that the smear-like signal detected in the polymer domain may be FLAG-TERT modified with one or more HA-NEDD8.
- FLA G-TERT sedimentation by the anti-HA antibody and smear-like signal in the polymer region were not observed in cells expressing FLAG-TERT alone (Fig. 4, lane 1: upper panel).
- the amount of FLAG-TERT in the cell lysate used was also expressed in both FLAG-TERT and HA-NEDD8 in cells expressing only FLAG-T ERT. The same results were obtained for the cells treated (lanes 1 and 2 in FIG. 4: lower panel, respectively).
- TERT may be converted to NEDD8 by combining one or more NEDD8 with TERT.
- Example 2 it was suggested that TERT could be converted to NEDD8. Therefore, it has been reported that it is a deubiquitinase Z de-NEDD8 protease, and using USP21 (Non-Patent Document 9), whether or not NEDD8-modified TERT is de-NEDD8-converted by USP21 was conducted. Intracellular co-expression similar to Example 2 was examined by a binding test using the Z-immunoprecipitation method.
- TERT expression plasmid, N-terminal FLAG-tag-added NEDD8 expression plasmid, N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21 expression plasmid and N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21C22 1A expression plasmid are V, both of which were prepared in Example 2. An expression plasmid was used.
- the recovered cells were treated with 500 ⁇ l RIPA buffer (2 OmM Tris-HCl, pH7.4 / 150 mM NaCl / lmM EDTA / lmM EGTA / 1% TritonX-100 / 0.5% sodium deoxycholate Z ⁇ 1% SDS / 2.5mM sodium pyrophosphate Zl mM ⁇ -glyce mouth phosphate ZlmM Na VO /
- TERT modified with N-terminal FLAG-tag-added NEDD8 (hereinafter referred to as FLAG-NEDD8) was detected by Western blotting using an anti-FLAG M2 antibody (manufactured by Sigma).
- Anti-TERT (L-20) antibody and anti-HA (Y-11) antibody (both from Santa cruz) are used for the amount of TERT, USP21 and inactivated USP21 protein in cell lysate Each was measured by Western blotting. The detection was carried out using an ECL western Diotung detection Kit (manufactured by Amersham Biosciences).
- the smear-like signal of the macromolecular region detected was significantly reduced by co-expression of HA—USP21 (lane 4 in FIG. 5). : Upper panel). This decrease in signal was not observed when HA-USP21C221A, an inactive type USP21, was coexpressed instead of HA-USP21 (lane 5 in Fig. 5: upper panel).
- the amount of TERT in the cell lysate used was cells expressing TERT alone, cells expressing TERT and FLAG—NEDD8, TERT, FLAG—NEDD8 and HA—USP21 or HA—USP21C221A
- the cells were almost the same for all of the cells (Fig. 5, lanes 1, 3, 4, and 5: middle panel, respectively). It was also confirmed that HA-USP21 or HA-US P21C221 A was expressed in the cell lysate used (lanes 4 and 5 in FIG. 5: lower panel).
- NEDD8 is one of the ubiquitin-like proteins and is known to covalently bind to proteins as one of the post-translational modifications of proteins. Only the Cullin family protein, which is one of the constituent proteins of complex-type ubiquitin ligase, has been reported as a protein that becomes NEDD8 (Non-patent Documents 5 and 6). In addition, it is suggested that ubiquitin ligase activity is regulated by Cullin via NEDD8. On the other hand, ubiquitinated proteins are known to undergo proteasome-dependent degradation, and ubiquitin is considered to be involved in the regulation of protein stability (Non-patent Document 5). NEDD8 has very high homology with ubiquitin at the primary and conformational levels.
- Non-patent Document 5 Non-patent Document 5
- TERT degradation control mechanism exists due to the modification of TERT to NEDD8 and the removal of NEDD8 by USP21. Therefore, we examined whether TERT is capable of being decomposed in a pteasome-dependent manner. Specifically, as shown below, the effect of proteasome inhibitor (MG132) on the amount of TERT in the cells was examined using a TERT-transient expression system in HeLa cells.
- the expression plasmid constructed in Example 2 was used as the TERT expression plasmid.
- pCIneo— TERT After sputum culture, add 1 g of pCIneo— TERT to FuGENE6 Transfection Rea Transfection was performed using gent (Roche). After culturing for 48 hours, the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 (Calbiochem) was added to the medium to a final concentration of 25 ⁇ , and further cultured for 24 hours, and then the cells were collected. As a control, cells cultured in the same manner by adding an equal amount of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to the medium instead of MG-132 were used. The collected cells were suspended in 60 ⁇ L of RIPA buffer (same composition as RI ⁇ buffer described in Example 3), sonicated for 10 seconds, and left on ice for 20 minutes.
- RIPA buffer standard composition as RI ⁇ buffer described in Example 3
- the expression plasmid constructed in Example 2 was used as the TERT expression plasmid, the N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21 expression plasmid, and the N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21C221A expression plasmid.
- pCIneo— TERT was added to 1 ⁇ g of pCI (empty vector), pCI—HA—USP21 or pCI—HA—USP21C221A with FuGENE6 Transfection Reagent (Roche) (Transfer).
- pCI empty vector
- pCI—HA—USP21 or pCI—HA—USP21C221A FuGENE6 Transfection Reagent (Roche) (Transfer).
- the cells were collected, suspended in 200 ⁇ L of RIPA buffer (same composition as RIPA buffer described in Example 3), sonicated for 10 seconds, and left on ice for 20 minutes. Thereafter, centrifugation was performed at 14 ° C. for 10 minutes at 4 ° C., and the supernatant was collected. The obtained supernatant was used as a cell lysate.
- the cell lysate was separated by 5-20% SDS-PAGE, and then anti-TERT (L-20) antibody (santa cruz) and anti-HA (Y-11) antibody (santa cm z) were added.
- TERT and HA-USP21 were detected by Western blotting, respectively.
- As an endogenous control protein j8-tubulin in the cell lysate was detected by Western blotting using an anti-13-tubulin (H-235) antibody (manufactured by Santa cruz). Detection was performed using an ECL western blotting detection kit (Amersham Biosciences).
- Examples 2 to 5 strongly suggest that there is a possibility of the existence of a TERT degradation control mechanism through the NEDD8 conversion and the NEDD8 conversion of TERT by USP 21. Since TERT is the catalytic subunit of telomerase, we thought that such a TER T degradation control mechanism is involved in the regulation of telomerase activity. Therefore, we examined whether USP21 is actually involved in the regulation of telomerase activity. Specifically, as shown below, using the TERT-transient expression system for SaOS2 cells (human osteosarcoma cell line) that do not have endogenous telomerase activity, telomerase activity dependent on the expression of exogenous TERT We investigated the effect of overexpression of USP21. SaOS2 cells do not express the TERT gene, but only the hTR gene, and therefore do not have telomerase activity.
- SaOS2 cells do not express the TERT gene, but only the hTR gene, and therefore do not have telomerase activity.
- the expression plasmid constructed in Example 2 was used as the TERT expression plasmid, the N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21 expression plasmid, and the N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21C221A expression plasmid.
- pCIneo—TERT was added to 2 ⁇ g of pCI (empty vector), pC I—HA—USP21 or pCI—HA—USP21C221A together with Lipofectamine 2000 (Lipofectamine 2000, Invitrogen) was used for transfection. After 24 hours of culture, the cells were collected, and a nuclear extract was prepared using NE—PER Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Extraction Reagents (Pierce). How to add follows the attached instructions.
- TRAP reaction was performed using the nuclear extract with a protein mass of 20ng .
- the TRAP reaction was performed using TRAPEZE XL Kit (Intergen) according to the attached instructions. Specifically, after carrying out a telomere extension reaction at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes, the generated telomere repeat sequence was amplified by PCR. PCR was performed under the conditions of a reaction of 94 ° C for 30 seconds and 59 ° C for 30 seconds, followed by 36 cycles of 1 minute reaction at 72 ° C and a final reaction of 25 minutes at 55 ° C. .
- the amount of each protein of TERT and HA—USP21 in the prepared nuclear extract was determined using anti-TERT (L-20) antibody (Santa cruz) and anti-HA (Y-11) antibody (santa cruz). Each measurement was performed by Western blotting.
- telomerase activity was increased by expressing the TERT gene in SaOS2 cells, which do not express the TERT gene but express only the TR gene and thus have low intracellular telomerase activity (Fig. 8-A, column). 2-4). Furthermore, overexpression of N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21 (HA-USP21) together with TERT in SaOS2 cells, compared with the expression of TERT alone, telome rase activity Rose ( Figure 8—A, column 3). Such an increase in intracellular telomerase activity was not observed by overexpression of HA-USP21C221A, an inactivated USP21 (Fig. 8-A, column 4).
- the N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21 expression plasmid and the N-terminal HA-tag-added USP21C221A expression plasmid were all used the expression plasmid constructed in Example 2.
- RT-PCR was used to examine whether USP21 is expressed in HeLa cells, a human uterine cancer-derived cell line.
- Total RNA was prepared from HeLa cells and USP21 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Specifically, after preparing total RNA from HeLa cells using RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen), HeLa cell-derived cDNA was synthesized using Omniscript reverse transcriptase (Qiagen). PCR was carried out using the prepared HeLa cDNA as a saddle and using HotStarTaq DNA polymerase (Qiagen) and human USP21 gene-specific primers. The reaction mixture was electrophoresed on a 2.5% agarose gel, and the desired PCR product was detected by staining with ethidiumbumide.
- Human USP21 gene-specific primers are forward primer 1 (1F, SEQ ID NO: 32), reverse primer 1 (1R, SEQ ID NO: 33), forward primer 2 (2F, SEQ ID NO: 34) and reverse primer 2 (2R, SEQ ID NO: Two combinations of 35) were used. Both primer sets were designed to amplify the lOlbp US P21 cDNA fragment.
- a method of identifying a compound that inhibits telomerase activity can be provided.
- a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the binding of USP21 to NEDD8-modified TERT a method for identifying a compound that inhibits the removal of NEDD8-conjugated TERT by USP21, and the like.
- telomerase activity can be inhibited. Furthermore, prevention and Z or treatment of diseases caused by increased telomerase activity can be performed. Since telomerase is expressed in most cancer cells regardless of the type of cancer and is hardly expressed in normal somatic cells other than germ cells, the present invention, for example, prevents various cancer diseases and Z or It is considered effective for treatment.
- the present invention is useful for basic research on the mechanism of cell proliferation and senescence involving telomerase, and diseases caused by the action of telomerase and enhancement of its activity. Furthermore, it is very useful for the development of drugs and treatments for diseases caused by increased telomerase activity, such as cancer diseases.
- SEQ ID NO: 1 Human TERT gene.
- SEQ ID NO: 2 protein encoded by the human TERT gene (SEQ ID NO: 1).
- SEQ ID NO: 3 human NEDD8 gene.
- SEQ ID NO: 4 protein encoded by the human NEDD8 gene (SEQ ID NO: 3).
- SEQ ID NO: 5 human USP21 gene.
- SEQ ID NO: 6 protein encoded by human USP21 gene (SEQ ID NO: 5)
- SEQ ID NO: 7 designed polypeptide having a substitution mutation of the 221st cysteine to alanine in the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.
- SEQ ID NO: 8 Partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 2) having high homology with the partial sequence of NEDD8 (SEQ ID NO: 9).
- SEQ ID NO: 9 Partial sequence of NEDD8 (SEQ ID NO: 4) having high homology with the partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 8).
- SEQ ID NO: 10 Partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 2) having high homology with the partial sequence of NEDD8 (SEQ ID NO: 11).
- SEQ ID NO: 11 A partial sequence of NEDD8 (SEQ ID NO: 4) having high homology with a partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 10).
- SEQ ID NO: 12 Partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 2) having high homology with the partial sequence of NEDD8 (SEQ ID NO: 13).
- SEQ ID NO: 13 A partial sequence of NEDD8 (SEQ ID NO: 4) having high homology with a partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 12).
- SEQ ID NO: 14 Partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 2) having high homology with the partial sequence of NEDD8 (SEQ ID NO: 15).
- SEQ ID NO: 15 A partial sequence of NEDD8 (SEQ ID NO: 4) having high homology with a partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 14).
- SEQ ID NO: 16 Partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 2) having high homology with the partial sequence of USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 17).
- SEQ ID NO: 17 USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 6) partial sequence having high homology with a partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 16).
- SEQ ID NO: 18 Partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 2) having high homology with the partial sequence of USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 19).
- SEQ ID NO: 19 Partial sequence of USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 6) having high homology with a partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 18).
- SEQ ID NO: 20 Partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 2) having high homology with the partial sequence of USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 21).
- SEQ ID NO: 21 Partial sequence of USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 6) having high homology with the partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 20).
- SEQ ID NO: 22 Partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 2) having high homology with the partial sequence of USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 23).
- SEQ ID NO: 23 USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 6) partial sequence having high homology with TERT partial sequence (SEQ ID NO: 22).
- SEQ ID NO: 24 Partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 2) having high homology with the partial sequence of USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 25).
- SEQ ID NO: 25 USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 6) partial sequence having high homology with TERT partial sequence (SEQ ID NO: 24).
- SEQ ID NO: 26 Partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 2) having high homology with the partial sequence of USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 27).
- SEQ ID NO: 27 Partial sequence of USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 6) having high homology with the partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 26).
- SEQ ID NO: 28 Partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 2) having high homology with the partial sequence of USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 29).
- SEQ ID NO: 29 Partial sequence of USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 6) having high homology with TERT partial sequence (SEQ ID NO: 28).
- SEQ ID NO: 30 Partial sequence of TERT (SEQ ID NO: 2) having high homology with the partial sequence of USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 31).
- SEQ ID NO: 31 USP21 (SEQ ID NO: 6) partial sequence having high homology with the TERT partial sequence (SEQ ID NO: 30).
- SEQ ID NO: 32 Forward primer for PCR designed to specifically amplify USP21 cDNA fragment.
- SEQ ID NO: 33 A PCR reverser designed to specifically amplify a USP21 cDNA fragment. Fimmer.
- SEQ ID NO: 34 Forward primer for PCR designed to specifically amplify USP21 cDNA fragment.
- SEQ ID NO: 35 River spupmer for PCR designed to specifically amplify USP21 cDNA fragment
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EP05822847A EP1840215A4 (en) | 2004-12-28 | 2005-12-27 | PROCESS FOR INHIBITING TELOMERASE ACTIVITY AND INHIBITOR |
US11/793,959 US20080004355A1 (en) | 2004-12-28 | 2005-12-27 | Method for Inhibiting Telomerase Activity and an Agent for Inhibiting the Same |
JP2006550798A JPWO2006070804A1 (ja) | 2004-12-28 | 2005-12-27 | テロメレース活性阻害方法および阻害剤 |
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JP2012072063A (ja) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-04-12 | Japan Health Science Foundation | 細胞の造腫瘍性試験方法及び腫瘍マーカー |
JP2016104720A (ja) * | 2010-12-15 | 2016-06-09 | サンスター株式会社 | 歯周病原菌血漿または血清抗体価検査キット |
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JP2001526890A (ja) * | 1997-12-19 | 2001-12-25 | ミレニアム・ファーマシューティカルズ・インコーポレイテッド | Nedd8活性化および共役化を担うヒトタンパク質 |
EP1271351A4 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2004-08-11 | Daiichi Seiyaku Co | METHOD OF PREDICTING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN PROTEINS |
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- 2005-12-27 WO PCT/JP2005/023902 patent/WO2006070804A1/ja active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
GONG L. ET AL.: "Identification of a novel isopeptidase with dual specificity for ubiquitin- and NEDD8-conjugated proteins", J.BIOL.CHEM., vol. 275, no. 19, 2000, pages 14212 - 14216, XP000941500 * |
KIM J. H. ET AL.: "Ubiquitin ligase MKRN1 modulates telomere length homeostasis through a proteolysis of hTERT", GENES DEV., vol. 19, no. 7, 2005, pages 776 - 781, XP002997541 * |
OGRETMEN B. ET AL.: "Molecular mechanisms of ceramide-mediated telomerase inhibition in the A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line", J.BIOL.CHEM., vol. 276, no. 35, 2001, pages 32506 - 32514, XP002997539 * |
See also references of EP1840215A4 * |
WU K. ET AL.: "DEN1 is a dual function protease capable of processing the C terminus of Nedd8 and deconjugating hyper-neddylated CUL1", J.BIOL.CHEM., vol. 278, no. 31, 2003, pages 28882 - 28891, XP002997540 * |
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JP2012072063A (ja) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-04-12 | Japan Health Science Foundation | 細胞の造腫瘍性試験方法及び腫瘍マーカー |
JP2016104720A (ja) * | 2010-12-15 | 2016-06-09 | サンスター株式会社 | 歯周病原菌血漿または血清抗体価検査キット |
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EP1840215A1 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
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