WO2006051645A1 - 情報記録媒体とその製造方法 - Google Patents
情報記録媒体とその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006051645A1 WO2006051645A1 PCT/JP2005/016324 JP2005016324W WO2006051645A1 WO 2006051645 A1 WO2006051645 A1 WO 2006051645A1 JP 2005016324 W JP2005016324 W JP 2005016324W WO 2006051645 A1 WO2006051645 A1 WO 2006051645A1
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Classifications
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- G11B7/26—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers
- G11B7/266—Sputtering or spin-coating layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/011—Manufacture or treatment of multistable switching devices
- H10N70/021—Formation of switching materials, e.g. deposition of layers
- H10N70/026—Formation of switching materials, e.g. deposition of layers by physical vapor deposition, e.g. sputtering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/20—Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors
- H10N70/231—Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors based on solid-state phase change, e.g. between amorphous and crystalline phases, Ovshinsky effect
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/801—Constructional details of multistable switching devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/801—Constructional details of multistable switching devices
- H10N70/821—Device geometry
- H10N70/826—Device geometry adapted for essentially vertical current flow, e.g. sandwich or pillar type devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/801—Constructional details of multistable switching devices
- H10N70/881—Switching materials
- H10N70/882—Compounds of sulfur, selenium or tellurium, e.g. chalcogenides
- H10N70/8828—Tellurides, e.g. GeSbTe
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- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
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- G11B7/004—Recording, reproducing or erasing methods; Read, write or erase circuits therefor
- G11B7/0045—Recording
- G11B7/00454—Recording involving phase-change effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
- G11B7/241—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material
- G11B7/252—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers
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- G11B7/2533—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers of substrates comprising resins
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- G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
- G11B7/241—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material
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- G11B7/258—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material characterised by the selection of the material of layers other than recording layers of reflective layers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/0002—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements
- G11C13/0004—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements comprising amorphous/crystalline phase transition cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
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- G11C2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to G11C13/00 for features not covered by this group
- G11C2213/70—Resistive array aspects
- G11C2213/77—Array wherein the memory element being directly connected to the bit lines and word lines without any access device being used
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10B—ELECTRONIC MEMORY DEVICES
- H10B63/00—Resistance change memory devices, e.g. resistive RAM [ReRAM] devices
- H10B63/80—Arrangements comprising multiple bistable or multi-stable switching components of the same type on a plane parallel to the substrate, e.g. cross-point arrays
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/21—Circular sheet or circular blank
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an information recording medium for recording, erasing, rewriting, and Z or reproducing information optically or electrically and a method for manufacturing the same.
- phase change information recording medium that utilizes a phenomenon that the recording layer (phase change material layer) causes a phase change between a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase.
- an optical phase change information recording medium optically records, erases, rewrites and reproduces information using a laser beam.
- This optical phase change information recording medium changes the state of the phase change material of the recording layer between the crystalline phase and the amorphous phase by the heat generated by the laser beam irradiation, so that the crystalline phase and the amorphous phase are changed.
- the difference in reflectance between phases is detected and read as information.
- optical phase change information recording media in the case of rewritable optical phase change information recording media in which information can be erased or rewritten, the initial state of the recording layer is generally a crystalline phase, and information is recorded. Irradiates a laser beam with a high power (recording no.1), melts the recording layer, and cools it rapidly, so that the laser irradiation part is made into an amorphous phase.
- a laser beam having a lower power (erase power) than that at the time of recording is irradiated to raise the temperature of the recording layer and gradually cool the laser irradiated portion to a crystalline phase.
- the recorded layer is erased by irradiating the recording layer with a laser beam modulated between a high power level and a low power level. New information can be recorded or rewritten.
- the initial state of the recording layer is generally used. Is an amorphous phase, and when recording information, a laser beam with a high power (recording power) is irradiated to raise the temperature of the recording layer and gradually cool the laser irradiated portion to a crystalline phase.
- an electrical phase change information recording medium that records information by changing the state of the phase change material of the recording layer by Joule heat generated by.
- the phase change material of the recording layer is changed between a crystalline phase (low resistance) and an amorphous phase (high resistance) by Joule heat generated by application of current, The difference in electrical resistance between the crystalline phase and the amorphous phase is detected and read as information.
- An example of an optical phase change type information recording medium is 4.7 GB / DVD RAM commercialized by the inventors. 4.
- the 7GBZDVD-RAM is configured as shown in the information recording medium 12 in FIG. 12, on the substrate 1, as seen from the laser incident side force, the first dielectric layer 2, the first interface layer 3, and the recording layer 4
- the second interface layer 5, the second dielectric layer 6, the light absorption correction layer 7, and the reflection layer 8 are sequentially provided in a seven-layer configuration.
- the first dielectric layer 2 and the second dielectric layer 6 adjust the optical distance to increase the light absorption efficiency to the recording layer 4, and increase the reflectance change between the crystalline phase and the amorphous phase to increase the signal intensity.
- ZnS SiO 2 (mol%) used previously is transparent and
- the film thicknesses of the first dielectric layer 2 and the second dielectric layer 6 are calculated based on the matrix method, and the amount of reflected light when the recording layer 4 is a crystalline phase and when it is an amorphous phase. Can be determined strictly so as to satisfy the condition that the change in the light intensity is large and the light absorption in the recording layer 4 is large.
- the recording layer 4 has a GeTe Sb Te pseudo binary system in which the compounds GeTe and Sb Te are mixed.
- the first interface layer 3 and the second interface layer 5 are also described as the first dielectric layer 2, the recording layer 4, and the second dielectric layer 6. It has a function to prevent mass transfer that occurs with the recording layer 4. This mass transfer means that when (ZnS) (SiO 2) (mol%) is used for the first dielectric layer 2 and the second dielectric layer 6, the laser is transferred. This is a phenomenon in which S (sulfur) diffuses into the recording layer when the recording layer 4 is irradiated with the beam and recording and rewriting are repeated.
- nitride containing Ge is preferably used for the first interface layer 3 and the second interface layer 5 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- NA numerical aperture
- a numerical aperture (NA) is reduced by using a blue-violet laser having a shorter wavelength than that of a conventional red laser, or by reducing the thickness of the substrate on which the laser beam is incident.
- Techniques are being studied for recording with a high density by using a large objective lens to reduce the spot diameter of the laser beam.
- the area irradiated with the laser beam is limited to a smaller size, so that the power density absorbed by the recording layer increases and the volume fluctuation increases. Therefore, mass transfer is likely to occur, and when a material containing S such as ZnS-SiO is used in contact with the recording layer,
- the recording capacity is doubled by using an optical phase change information recording medium having two information layers (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a two-layer optical phase change information recording medium), and one side thereof is used.
- a technique for recording / reproducing two information layers with a laser beam incident from the above has also been studied (see, for example, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3).
- this two-layer optical phase change information recording medium a laser beam transmitted through an information layer close to the incident side of the laser beam (hereinafter referred to as the first information layer) is used.
- the first information layer In order to perform recording / reproduction (hereinafter referred to as the second information layer), the thickness of the recording layer in the first information layer is extremely thin to increase the transmittance.
- the recording layer becomes thinner the effect of mass transfer from the layer in contact with the recording layer increases, so a material containing S such as ZnS-SiO is used for the recording layer.
- the inventors have arranged nitride containing Ge on both sides of the recording layer in the same way as the 4.7 GBZDVD-RAM in the interface layer to reduce the influence of mass transfer and rewrite it repeatedly. Prevents bad performance.
- the recording layer is irradiated with larger energy (laser power) when recording information. .
- laser power the energy
- the heat generated in the recording layer causes film breakage of the interface layer, and as a result, it becomes impossible to suppress diffusion of S from the dielectric layer. The problem was that the rewrite performance would deteriorate rapidly.
- nitride containing Ge has high thermal conductivity, heat is easily diffused in a configuration in which the interface layer is thick in order to suppress diffusion of S from the dielectric layer. For this reason, when the recording sensitivity is lowered, there is a problem.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-275360 (Page 2-6, Fig. 2)
- Patent Document 2 JP 2000-36130 A (Page 2-11, Fig. 2)
- Patent Document 3 JP 2002-144736 (Page 2-14, Fig. 3)
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described conventional problems, and to provide a phase change information recording medium in which repeated rewriting performance and recording sensitivity are improved at the same time.
- the information recording medium of the present invention includes at least a recording layer capable of recording and Z or reproducing information by laser beam irradiation or current application, and a dielectric layer.
- the body layer contains Ml (where Ml is at least one element selected from Sc ⁇ Y, La ⁇ Gd, Dy and Yb) and O.
- the information recording medium of the present invention is an information recording medium comprising at least two information layers, a recording layer capable of recording and Z or reproducing information by at least one information layer force laser beam irradiation or current application;
- a dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer includes Ml and O.
- phase change information recording medium an information layer having improved repetitive rewriting performance and recording sensitivity can be obtained.
- the dielectric layer further includes M2 (where M2 is at least one selected from Zr, Hf and Si). Element).
- the repeated rewriting performance of the phase change information recording medium can be further improved.
- the dielectric layer is further M3 (where M3 is selected from Al, Ga, Mg, Zn, Ta, Ti, Ce, In, Sn, Te, Nb, Cr, Bi, Al, Cr, Ge, N and C) At least one element).
- composition of the dielectric layer is expressed by the composition formula Ml M2 O (where 10 ⁇ a ⁇ 40, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 25 (atomic a b 100-a-b
- the repeated rewriting performance of the phase change information recording medium can be improved.
- composition of the dielectric layer is expressed by the composition formula Ml M3 O (where 5 ⁇ c ⁇ 45, 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 85, c d 100-c-d
- composition of the dielectric layer is expressed by the composition formula Ml M2 M3 O (where 5 ⁇ e ⁇ 40, 0 ⁇ f ⁇ e f g 100-e + 10 g
- the dielectric layer may include MlO.
- the dielectric layer may be expressed as MlO-M20.
- the repeated rewriting performance of the phase change information recording medium can be further improved.
- the dielectric layer further comprises D (where D is Al 2 O 3, Ga 2 O 3, MgO, ZnO, Ta 2 O 3, Ce 3, Ce 3
- composition of the dielectric layer is expressed by the composition formula (MlO) (M20) (where 20 ⁇ x ⁇ 95 (mol%))
- This also can improve the rewrite performance of the phase change information recording medium.
- composition of the dielectric layer is the composition formula (MlO) (D) (where 20 ⁇ y ⁇ 95 (mol%))
- composition of the dielectric layer is expressed by the composition formula (MlO) (M20) (D) (where 20 ⁇ z ⁇ 90
- the recording layer in the information recording medium of the present invention is a layer that causes a phase change between a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase.
- the recording layer may contain at least one element selected from Sb, Bi, In, and Sn forces, Ge, and Te.
- the recording layer consists of (Ge Sn) Te, GeTe Sb Te, (Ge Sn) Te Sb Te, GeTe
- the repeated rewrite performance of the phase change information recording medium can be improved.
- the information recording medium of the present invention may further include an interface layer between the dielectric layer and the recording layer.
- the interface layer may include at least one element selected from Zr, Hf, Y, and Si, at least one element selected from Ga, In, and Cr forces, and O.
- the repeated rewriting performance of the phase change information recording medium can be further improved.
- the interface layer comprises at least one oxide selected from ZrO, HfO, Y ⁇ and SiO force,
- Ga 2 O, In 2 O 3 and Cr 2 O forces may be included.
- Ml may be Dy.
- Ml may be a mixture of Dy and Y.
- the method for producing an information recording medium of the present invention includes at least a step of forming a recording layer and a step of forming a dielectric layer.
- the step of forming a dielectric layer at least Ml (where Ml is Sc , Y, La, Gd, Dy and Yb) and a sputtering target containing O.
- the information recording medium manufacturing method of the present invention includes a step of forming at least two information layers, and the step of forming at least one information layer includes a step of forming a recording layer and a dielectric layer.
- the step of depositing the dielectric layer at least Ml (where Ml is at least one element selected from Sc, Y, La, Gd, Dy and Yb) and O are formed.
- Ml is at least one element selected from Sc, Y, La, Gd, Dy and Yb
- O Use a sputtering target that includes.
- the sputtering target used in the step of forming the dielectric layer may further contain M2 (where M2 is at least one element selected from Zr, Hf, and S). This makes it possible to produce a phase change information recording medium with improved repeated rewritability. Further, the sputtering target used in the process of forming the dielectric layer is further M3 (where M3 is Al, Ga, Mg, Zn, Ta, Ti, Ce, In, Sn, Te, Nb, Cr, Bi, Al, Cr, Ge, N, and C force may be included.
- the sputtering target used in the process of forming the dielectric layer has the composition formula Ml M20 h i 100
- the sputtering target used in the process of forming the dielectric layer has the composition formula Ml M 3 O (where 0 ⁇ i ⁇ 50, 0 ⁇ k ⁇ 90, with 20 rather i + k rather 100 (atomic 0/0)) and represented good k 100-rk be this, making the repeated rewriting performance and recording phase-change sensitivity is improved information recording medium body it can.
- the sputtering target used in the process of forming the dielectric layer has a composition formula Ml M
- the sputtering target used in the process of forming the dielectric layer is Ml O
- composition of the sputtering target used in the process of forming the dielectric layer is Ml 2 O
- the sputtering target used in the process of forming the dielectric layer is further D (where D is AlO, GaO, MgO, ZnO, TaO, TiO, CeO, InO, SnO, TeO, NbO,
- the sputtering target used in the process of forming the dielectric layer has a composition formula (Ml 2 O 3) (
- the sputtering target used in the process of forming the dielectric layer has a composition formula (M l
- the sputtering target used in the process of forming the dielectric layer has a composition formula (M l
- the method for producing an information recording medium of the present invention may further include a step of forming an interface layer between the step of forming the recording layer and the step of forming the dielectric layer.
- a mixed gas may be used.
- phase change information recording medium of the present invention it is possible to improve the repeated rewriting performance and the recording sensitivity. Further, according to the method for manufacturing a phase change information recording medium of the present invention, the phase change information recording medium of the present invention can be easily manufactured.
- FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of a layer structure of an information recording medium including one information layer according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of a layer structure of an information recording medium having N information layers according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of the layer structure of an information recording medium having two information layers of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of a layer structure of an information recording medium having one information layer according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of the layer structure of an information recording medium having N information layers according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of the layer structure of an information recording medium having two information layers of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a part of the configuration of a recording / reproducing apparatus used for recording / reproducing of the information recording medium of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a part of the configuration of the information recording medium and electrical information recording / reproducing apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a part of the configuration of the large-capacity electrical information recording medium of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing a part of the configuration of the electrical information recording medium of the present invention and its recording / reproducing system.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of recording and erasing pulse waveforms of the electrical information recording medium of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of a layer structure of a 4.7 GBZDVD-RAM.
- the information recording medium 15 is an optical information recording medium capable of recording / reproducing information by irradiation with the laser beam 11.
- the information recording medium 15 includes an information layer 16 formed on the substrate 14 and a transparent layer 13.
- the material of the transparent layer 13 is a resin such as a photocurable resin (especially an ultraviolet curable resin) or a slow-acting resin, or has a dielectric constant power, and has a small light absorption with respect to the laser beam 11 used. It is preferable that the birefringence is small optically in the short wavelength region where is preferred.
- the transparent layer 13 may be made of a transparent disk-shaped polycarbonate, amorphous polyolefin, or a resin such as PMMA or glass.
- the transparent layer 13 can be bonded to the first dielectric layer 102 by a resin such as a photocurable resin (particularly, an ultraviolet curable resin) or a delayed action resin.
- the wavelength of the laser beam 11 is determined by the wavelength of the spot when the laser beam 11 is focused (the shorter the wavelength ⁇ , the smaller the spot diameter can be focused). In particular, it is preferred that it is 450 nm or less, and if it is less than 350 nm, light absorption by the transparent layer 13 and the like will increase, so 350 ⁇ ! More preferably, it is in the range of ⁇ 450 nm.
- the substrate 14 is a transparent and disk-shaped substrate.
- a polycarbonate resin for example, a resin such as amorphous polyolefin or PMMA, or glass can be used.
- a guide groove for guiding a laser beam may be formed on the surface of the substrate 14 on the information layer 16 side as necessary.
- the surface of the substrate 14 on the side opposite to the information layer 16 side is preferably smooth.
- polycarbonate is particularly useful because of its excellent transferability and mass productivity and low cost.
- the thickness of the substrate 14 is preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to l.2 mm so that the substrate 14 has sufficient strength and the thickness of the information recording medium 15 is about 1.2 mm.
- the information layer 16 includes a first dielectric layer 102, a first interface layer 103, a recording layer 104, a second interface layer 105, a second dielectric layer 106, and a reflective layer 108, which are arranged in order from the incident side of the laser beam 11. Equipped with.
- the first dielectric layer 102 is made of a dielectric.
- the first dielectric layer 102 functions to prevent the recording layer 104 from being oxidized, corroded, deformed, etc., to adjust the optical distance to increase the light absorption efficiency of the recording layer 104, and to reflect light before and after recording. It has the function of increasing the signal intensity by increasing the change of the signal.
- the first dielectric layer 102 includes, for example, TiO, ZrO, HfO, ZnO, NbO,
- Oxides such as Gd 2 O, Dy 2 O, Yb 2 O, MgO, CeO, and TeO can be used. Also
- a compound can also be used.
- ZnS-SiO which is a mixture of ZnS and SiO
- ZnS-SiO is an amorphous material with a refractive index
- the film thickness of the first dielectric layer 102 satisfies the condition that the amount of reflected light changes greatly when the recording layer 104 is in the crystalline phase and when it is in the amorphous phase, based on the calculation based on the matrix method. Can be strictly determined.
- the first interface layer 103 functions to prevent mass transfer that occurs between the first dielectric layer 102 and the recording layer 104 due to repeated recording. It also has a function of promoting crystallization of the recording layer 104.
- the first interface layer 103 is preferably a material having a high melting point that absorbs little light and does not melt during recording, and has good adhesion to the recording layer 104.
- the high melting point material that does not melt during recording is a characteristic necessary for melting and not mixing into the recording layer 104 when irradiated with the high-power laser beam 11.
- the material of the first interface layer 103 is mixed, the composition of the recording layer 104 is changed, and the rewriting performance is significantly lowered. Further, a material having good adhesion to the recording layer 104 is a characteristic necessary for ensuring reliability.
- the first interface layer 103 a material similar to that of the first dielectric layer 102 can be used. Among these, it is particularly preferable to use a material containing Cr and O because the crystallization of the recording layer 104 is further promoted. Among these, it is preferable that Cr and O contain an oxide in which Cr 2 O is formed. Cr
- O is a material having good adhesion to the recording layer 104.
- a material containing Ga and O can be used for the first interface layer 103. inside that However, it is preferable that Ga and O contain an oxide formed by forming Ga 2 O. Ga O is the recording layer 104
- a material containing In and O can be used for the first interface layer 103. Among them, it is preferable to include an oxide in which In and O force n O are formed. In O with recording layer 104
- the first interface layer 103 may further contain at least one element selected from Zr, Hf, and Y in addition to Cr and 0, Ga and 0, or In and O.
- ZrO and HfO are transparent
- the material has a high melting point of about 2700-2800 ° C and low thermal conductivity among oxides, and has good rewrite performance.
- ⁇ ⁇ is a transparent material and stable ZrO and HfO
- the content of In 2 O is preferably 10 mol% or more. Furthermore, C in the first interface layer 103
- the content of rO must be 70 mol% or less in order to keep light absorption in the first interface layer 103 small.
- the first interface layer 103 may further include a material containing Si. Inclusion of SiO increases transparency and improves recording performance.
- One information layer 16 can be realized.
- the SiO content in the first interface layer 103 must be 5 mol% or more.
- the thickness of the first interface layer 103 is 0.5 ⁇ so that the change in the amount of reflected light before and after recording of the information layer 16 does not become small due to light absorption in the first interface layer 103! Desirably, it is in the range of ⁇ 15 nm, more preferably in the range of 1 nm to 7 nm.
- the second interface layer 105 functions to prevent mass transfer between the second dielectric layer 106 and the recording layer 104 due to repeated recording. It also has the function of promoting crystallization of the recording layer 104.
- a material similar to that of the first dielectric layer 102 can be used. Of these, it is particularly preferable to use materials containing Ga and O. Yes. Among them, it is preferable that Ga and O include an oxide formed by forming Ga 2 O. Second
- the interface layer 105 a material containing Cr and O in particular can be used. Among these, it is preferable that Cr and O contain an oxide containing Cr 2 O. In addition, the second interface layer 105 has an In and
- a material containing O can also be used. Among them, oxides formed with In and O force n O
- the first interface layer 103 in addition to Cr and 0, Ga and 0, or In and O, it may further contain at least one element selected from Zr, Hf, and Y force, and Cr, Ga, In addition to In, Zr, Hf, Y, and O, a material containing Si may also be used. Since the second interface layer 105 tends to have lower adhesion than the first interface layer 103, the Cr O in the second interface layer 105
- the content of GaO or InO is 20 mol% or more, which is higher than that of the first interface layer 103.
- the thickness of the second interface layer 105 is 0.5 ⁇ ! It is desirable to be within the range of ⁇ 15nm Inn! More preferably, it is in the range of ⁇ 7 nm.
- a material similar to that of the first dielectric layer 102 can be used.
- Ml is at least one element selected from Sc, Y, La, Gd, Dy and Yb
- Ml and O contain an oxide in which M 1 O is formed.
- Ml O has low thermal conductivity and contains S.
- the second dielectric layer 106 is an excellent material for the second dielectric layer 106 and, of course, can also be used as the first dielectric layer 102.
- the second dielectric layer 106 can also be made of a material containing M2 (where M2 is at least one element selected from Zr, Hf, and Si). Among these, it is preferable that M2 and O contain an acid compound in which M20 is formed. These are highly transparent
- the signal quality is high and the melting point is high, so that it is thermally stable.
- Si also has the function of adjusting the refractive index. Note that the composition of the second dielectric layer 106 is expressed by the composition formula Ml M2 O (atom a b 100-a-b
- A) and b are preferably in the range of 10 ⁇ a ⁇ 40 and 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 25, respectively, and in the range of 15 ⁇ a ⁇ 39 and l ⁇ b ⁇ 21, respectively. More preferred.
- x is 20 ⁇ x
- the second dielectric layer 106 further includes M3 (where M3 is Al, Ga, Mg , Zn, Ta, Ti, Ce, In, Sn, Te, Nb, Cr, Bi, Al, Cr, Ge, N, and a material containing at least one element that can also be selected for C force can be used.
- M3 is Al, Ga, Mg , Zn, Ta, Ti, Ce, In, Sn, Te, Nb, Cr, Bi, Al, Cr, Ge, N
- a material containing at least one element that can also be selected for C force can be used.
- D is A1
- At least one compound selected from O, BiO, A1N, Cr-N, Ge-N, SiN and SiC At least one compound selected from O, BiO, A1N, Cr-N, Ge-N, SiN and SiC
- composition of the second dielectric layer 106 is expressed by the composition formula Ml M3 O d 10
- composition of the second dielectric layer 106 is expressed by the composition formula (MlO) (
- y is preferably in the range 20 ⁇ y ⁇ 95 30 ⁇ x ⁇
- the second dielectric layer 106 can also use a material containing M2 and M3.
- a material containing M2 and M3 compounds in which M2 and O form M20 and M3 is represented by D
- composition of the second dielectric layer 106 is expressed by the composition formula Ml M2 e f
- composition of the second dielectric layer 106 is expressed as a composition formula (Ml 2 O 3) (M20) (D) (mol%), z
- W and z + w are preferably in the range of 20 ⁇ z ⁇ 90, 5 ⁇ w ⁇ 75, 25 ⁇ z + w ⁇ 95, respectively.
- the film thickness of the second dielectric layer 106 is preferably in the range of 2 nm to 75 nm, and more preferably in the range of 2 nm to 40 nm. By selecting the thickness of the second dielectric layer 106 within this range, the heat generated in the recording layer 104 can be effectively diffused to the reflective layer 108 side.
- the material of the recording layer 104 also has a material force that causes a phase change between the crystalline phase and the amorphous phase by irradiation with the laser beam 11.
- the recording layer 104 can be formed of a material that causes a reversible phase change including, for example, Ge, Te, M4 (where M4 is at least one element of Sb, Bi, and In).
- the recording layer 104 is formed of a material represented by Ge M2 Te.
- the amorphous phase is stable and the recording stability at a low transfer rate is good, and the melting point rises and the crystallization speed is low, and the rewriting storage stability at a high transfer rate is good. It is desirable to satisfy the relationship of 60. It is more preferable to satisfy the relationship of 4 ⁇ A ⁇ 40. In addition, the amorphous phase is stable and the decrease in the crystallization rate is small. 1. It is preferable to satisfy the relationship of 5 ⁇ B ⁇ 7, more preferably the relationship of 2 ⁇ B ⁇ 4.
- the recording layer 104 has a composition formula (Ge—M5) M4 Te (where M5 is selected from Sn and Pb).
- the element M5 may be formed of a material that causes a reversible phase change represented by at least one element.
- the element M5 substituting Ge improves the crystallization ability, and therefore a sufficient erasure rate can be obtained even when the recording layer 104 is thin.
- the element M5 is more preferably Sn because it is not toxic. Even when using this material, it is preferable that 0 ⁇ A ⁇ 60 (more preferably 4 ⁇ A ⁇ 40) and 1.5 ⁇ B ⁇ 7 (more preferably 2 ⁇ B ⁇ 4).
- Sb and M6 where M6 is at least one selected from V, Mn, Ga, Ge, Se, Ag, In, Sn, Te, Pb, Bi, Tb, Dy, and Au).
- the recording layer 104 can be formed of a material represented by S b M6 (atomic 0/0). When X satisfies 50 ⁇ X ⁇ 95
- the difference in reflectivity of the information recording medium 15 between when the recording layer 104 is in a crystalline phase and when it is in an amorphous phase can be increased, and good recording / reproducing characteristics can be obtained.
- good rewriting performance can be obtained at high transfer rates where the crystallization speed is particularly fast.
- 50 ⁇ X ⁇ 75 the amorphous phase is particularly stable, and good recording performance can be obtained at a low transfer rate.
- the thickness of the recording layer 104 is 6 ⁇ ! To increase the recording sensitivity of the information layer 16. It is preferably within the range of ⁇ 15 nm. Even within this range, when the recording layer 104 is thick, the thermal influence on the adjacent region due to the diffusion of heat in the in-plane direction becomes large. Further, when the recording layer 104 is thin, the reflectance of the information layer 16 becomes small. Therefore, the thickness of the recording layer 104 is more preferably in the range of 8 nm to 13 nm! /.
- the recording layer 104 can also be formed of a material represented by Te—Pd—O that causes an irreversible phase change.
- the film thickness of the recording layer 104 is ⁇ ! It is preferably within the range of ⁇ 40 nm.
- the reflective layer 108 has an optical function when the amount of light absorbed by the recording layer 104 is increased. In addition, the reflective layer 108 quickly diffuses the heat generated in the recording layer 104, so that the recording layer 104 It also has a thermal function of making it easier to become amorphous. Further, the reflective layer 108 has a function of protecting the environmental force multilayer film to be used.
- a single metal having high thermal conductivity such as Ag, Au, Cu and A1 can be used.
- an Ag alloy is preferable as a material for the reflective layer 108 because of its high thermal conductivity.
- the film thickness of the reflective layer 108 is preferably 30 nm or more so that the thermal diffusion function is sufficient. Even within this range, when the reflective layer 108 is thicker than 200 nm, the thermal diffusion function becomes too large, and the recording sensitivity of the information layer 16 is lowered. Therefore, the thickness of the reflective layer 108 is more preferably in the range of 30 nm to 200 nm.
- An interface layer 107 may be disposed between the reflective layer 108 and the second dielectric layer 106.
- the interface layer 107 can be made of a material having lower thermal conductivity than the material described for the reflective layer 108.
- an Ag alloy is used for the reflective layer 108, for example, Al or an A1 alloy can be used for the interface layer 107.
- the interface layer 107 includes elements such as Cr, Ni, Si, C, TiO, ZrO, HfO, ZnO, NbO, TaO, SiO, SnO, AlO, BiO, CrO, G
- Nitrides such as N, Ta—N, Si—N, Ge—N, Cr—N, Al—N, Ge—Si—N, and Ge—Cr—N can also be used.
- zinc sulfide such as ZnS, carbide such as SiC, fluoride such as LaF
- the film thickness is preferably in the range of 3 nm to 100 nm (more preferably 10 nm to 50 nm).
- the reflectance R (%) when the recording layer 104 is in the crystalline phase and the reflectance R (%) when the recording layer 104 is in the amorphous phase satisfy R ⁇ R. preferable.
- R and R satisfy 0.2 ⁇ R ⁇ 10 and 12 ⁇ R ⁇ 40 so that ca can be increased to obtain good recording and playback characteristics. It is more preferable to satisfy 0. 2 ⁇ R ⁇ 5 and 12 ⁇ R ⁇ 30.
- the information recording medium 15 can be manufactured by the method described below.
- the information layer 16 is laminated on the substrate 14 (having a thickness of 1.1 mm, for example).
- the information layer is composed of a single layer film or a multilayer film, and each of these layers can be formed by sequentially sputtering a sputtering target as a material in the film forming apparatus.
- the reflective layer 108 is formed on the substrate 14.
- the reflective layer 108 is the reflective layer 10
- a sputtering target that also has a metal or alloy power constituting 8 is used in an Ar gas atmosphere or between Ar gas and a reactive gas (at least one gas selected from O gas and N gas).
- It can be formed by sputtering in a mixed gas atmosphere.
- an interface layer 107 is formed on the reflective layer 108 as necessary.
- the interface layer 107 is formed by sputtering a sputtering target having an element or compound force constituting the interface layer 107 in an Ar gas atmosphere or a mixed gas atmosphere of Ar gas and a reactive gas.
- the second dielectric layer 106 is formed on the reflective layer 108 or the interface layer 107.
- the second dielectric layer 106 is formed by using a sputtering target (for example, Ml 2 O 3) that also has a compound force constituting the second dielectric layer 106 in an Ar gas atmosphere or with Ar gas and a reactive gas (especially O gas).
- the second dielectric layer 106 can be formed by sputtering in a mixed gas atmosphere of 2 3 2.
- the second dielectric layer 106 can also be formed by reactive sputtering of a sputtering target having a metallic force constituting the second dielectric layer 106 in a mixed gas atmosphere of Ar gas and reactive gas.
- the sputtering target for forming the second dielectric layer 106 is represented by the composition formula Ml M20 (atomic%), and h and i are 5 ⁇ h ⁇ 45 and 0 ⁇ i ⁇ 3 hi, respectively. 100- h "i
- the sputtering target for forming the second dielectric layer 106 is represented by the composition formula Ml M3 O (atomic%), j, k, and j + k are respectively 0 ⁇ j ⁇ 50, 0 ⁇ k ⁇ k 100-rk
- the force S is preferably in the range of 90, 20 ⁇ j + k ⁇ 100, and more preferably in the range of 95 ⁇ 3 ⁇ j ⁇ 44, 0 ⁇ k ⁇ 82, 21 ⁇ j + k.
- the sputtering target for forming the second dielectric layer 106 is expressed by the composition formula Ml M2 M3 O (atomic%), 1, m, n
- the sputtering target for forming the second dielectric layer 106 has a composition formula (MlO) (D)
- t is preferably in the range 15 ⁇ t ⁇ 100 25 ⁇ t ⁇ 9
- the sputtering target for forming the second dielectric layer 106 is represented by the composition formula (MlO) (M20) (D) (mol%), u,
- V and u + vi are preferably in the range of 15 ⁇ u ⁇ 95, 0 ⁇ v ⁇ 80, 15 ⁇ u + v ⁇ 100, respectively.
- the second dielectric layer 106 is formed by sputtering each of MlO, M20, or D.
- the get can also be formed by sputtering simultaneously using multiple power sources.
- the second dielectric layer 106 is made of any compound of MlO, M20, or D.
- a combined binary sputtering target, ternary sputtering target, or the like can also be formed by simultaneously sputtering using multiple power sources. Even in these cases, a mixed gas of Ar gas atmosphere or Ar gas and reactive gas (especially O gas) is used.
- It can be formed by sputtering in an atmosphere.
- a second interface layer 105 is formed on the reflective layer 108, the interface layer 107, or the second dielectric layer 106 as necessary.
- the second interface layer 105 can be formed in the same manner as the second dielectric layer 106.
- the recording layer 104 is formed on the second dielectric layer 106 or the second interface layer 105.
- the recording layer 104 can be a sputtering target that also has Ge—Te—M4 alloy strength, a sputtering target that consists of Ge—M5—Te—M4 alloy, a sputtering target that consists of Sb—M6 alloy, or Te—Pd.
- a sputtering target having an alloying force can be formed by sputtering using a single power source.
- Ar gas, Kr gas, a mixed gas of Ar gas and a reactive gas, or a mixed gas of Kr gas and a reactive gas can be used as the atmospheric gas for sputtering.
- the recording layer 104 can also be formed by simultaneously sputtering each sputtering target of Ge, Te, M4, M5, Sb, M6, or Pd using a plurality of power supplies. Also record Layer 104 ⁇ , Ge, Te, M4, M5, Sb, M6, or ⁇ or Pd! It can also be formed by sputtering simultaneously using a plurality of power sources. Even in these cases, sputtering is performed in an Ar gas atmosphere, a Kr gas atmosphere, a mixed gas atmosphere of Ar gas and a reactive gas, or a mixed gas atmosphere of Kr gas and a reactive gas.
- a first interface layer 103 is formed on the recording layer 104 as necessary.
- the first interface layer 103 can be formed in the same manner as the second dielectric layer 106.
- the first dielectric layer 102 is formed on the recording layer 104 or the first interface layer 103.
- the first dielectric layer 102 can be formed in the same manner as the second dielectric layer 106.
- the transparent layer 13 is formed on the first dielectric layer 102.
- the transparent layer 13 can be formed by applying a photocurable resin (particularly an ultraviolet curable resin) or a slow-acting resin on the first dielectric layer 102 and spin-coating it, and then curing the resin.
- the transparent layer 13 may be made of a transparent disk-like polycarbonate, an amorphous polyolefin, a resin such as PMMA, or a substrate such as glass.
- the transparent layer 13 is formed by coating a resin such as a photocurable resin (particularly an ultraviolet curable resin) or a slow-acting resin on the first dielectric layer 102, and placing the substrate on the first dielectric layer 102. It can be formed by spin coating after adhering and then curing the resin. It is also possible to uniformly apply an adhesive resin to the substrate in advance and to make it adhere to the first dielectric layer 102.
- the recording layer 104 can be crystallized by irradiation with a laser beam.
- the information recording medium 15 can be manufactured as described above.
- a sputtering method is used as a method for forming each layer.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a vacuum evaporation method, an ion plating method, a CVD method, an MBE method, or the like can also be used.
- FIG. 2 shows a partial sectional view of the information recording medium 22 of the second embodiment.
- Information recording medium 22 is a laser from one side.
- N sets N of layers sequentially stacked on the substrate 14 through optical separation layers 20, 19, 17, etc. Is a natural number satisfying N ⁇ 2, and is composed of information layers 21 and 18, a first information layer 23, and a transparent layer 13.
- the first information layer 23 and the information layer 18 from the incident side of the laser beam 11 up to the (N-1) th set, the information layer 18 (hereinafter, the Nth information layer is counted by counting the incident side force of the laser beam 11) "Nth information layer”) is a light transmission type information layer.
- the substrate 14 and the transparent layer 13 the same materials as those described in Embodiment 1 can be used. Further, the shape and function thereof are also the same as those described in the first embodiment.
- the optical separation layers 20, 19, 17 and the like are made of a resin such as a photocurable resin (especially an ultraviolet curable resin) or a slow-acting resin, or a dielectric isotherm. It is preferable that the absorption is small /, and that the birefringence is optically small in the short wavelength region.
- a resin such as a photocurable resin (especially an ultraviolet curable resin) or a slow-acting resin, or a dielectric isotherm. It is preferable that the absorption is small /, and that the birefringence is optically small in the short wavelength region.
- the optical separation layers 20, 19, 17, etc. are layers provided to distinguish the respective focus positions of the first information layer 23, the information layers 18, 21, etc. of the information recording medium 22.
- the distance between the first information layer 23, the information layers 18, 21 and the like be within a range where the laser beam 11 can be illuminated using an objective lens. Therefore, it is preferable that the total thickness of the optical separation layers 20, 19, 17 and the like is within a tolerance allowable by the objective lens (for example, 50 m or less).
- guide grooves for guiding the laser beam may be formed on the surface on the incident side of the laser beam 11 as necessary.
- the Kth information layer (K is 1 ⁇ K ⁇ N natural number) can be recorded and reproduced by the laser beam 11 transmitted through the first to (K-1) information layers.
- any one of the first information layer to the Nth information layer can be read-only type information layer (ROM (Read Only Memory)) or write once information layer (WO (Write Once)) that can be written only once. It is good.
- ROM Read Only Memory
- WO Write once information layer
- the first information layer 23 includes a third dielectric layer 202, a third interface layer 203, a first recording layer 204, a fourth interface layer 205, a first reflective layer 208, and a third dielectric layer 202, which are arranged in order from the incident side of the laser beam 11.
- a transmittance adjusting layer 209 is provided.
- the third dielectric layer 202 a material similar to that of the first dielectric layer 102 of the first embodiment can be used. Also, their functions are the same as those of the first dielectric layer 102 of the first embodiment.
- the thickness of the third dielectric layer 202 is calculated based on the matrix method, and the amount of reflected light varies greatly between the crystalline phase of the first recording layer 204 and the amorphous phase. It can be determined strictly so as to satisfy the condition that the light absorption in the recording layer 204 is large and the transmittance of the first information layer 23 is large.
- the third interface layer 203 a material similar to that of the first interface layer 103 of Embodiment 1 can be used. Also, their functions and shapes are the same as those of the first interface layer 103 of the first embodiment.
- the fourth interface layer 205 functions to increase the light absorption efficiency of the first recording layer 204 by adjusting the optical distance, and to increase the signal intensity by increasing the amount of reflected light before and after recording.
- a material similar to that of the second interface layer 105 or the second dielectric layer 106 of Embodiment 1 can be used.
- the thickness of the fourth interface layer 205 is 0.5 ⁇ ! Preferably in the range of ⁇ 75 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of lnm to 40nm! / ,. By selecting the film thickness of the fourth interface layer 205 within this range, the heat generated in the first recording layer 204 can be effectively diffused to the first reflective layer 208 side.
- a fourth dielectric layer 206 may be disposed between the fourth interface layer 205 and the first reflective layer 208.
- the fourth dielectric layer 206 is made of a material similar to that of the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment. You can!
- the material of the first recording layer 204 is a material that undergoes a phase change between the crystalline phase and the amorphous phase when irradiated with the laser beam 11.
- the first recording layer 204 can be formed of a material that causes a reversible phase change including, for example, Ge, Te, and M4.
- the first recording layer 104 is made of Ge.
- It can be formed with a material represented by M4 Te and has a stable amorphous phase and recording at a low transfer rate.
- the relationship of 0 ⁇ A ⁇ 60 is satisfied so that the rewriting storability at a high transfer rate is good, with a good storage stability, little increase in melting point and a decrease in crystallization speed, and 4 ⁇ A ⁇ 40 It is more preferable to satisfy the relationship. Further, it is preferable that the amorphous phase is stable and the decrease in the crystallization rate is low. 1. It is preferable to satisfy the relationship of 5 ⁇ B ⁇ 7. It is more preferable to satisfy the relation of 2 ⁇ B ⁇ 4.
- the first recording layer 204 has a reversible phase change represented by the composition formula (Ge-M5) M4 Te.
- the element M5 substituting Ge improves the crystallization ability, so that a sufficient erasure rate can be obtained even when the first recording layer 204 is thin.
- Sn is more preferable because it is not toxic. Even when using this material, it is preferred that 0 ⁇ A ⁇ 60 (more preferably 4 ⁇ A ⁇ 40) and 1.5 ⁇ B ⁇ 7 (more preferably 2 ⁇ B ⁇ 4).
- the first information layer 23 has a transmittance of the first information layer 23 so that the amount of laser light necessary for recording and reproduction can reach the information layer farther from the incident side of the laser beam 11 than the first information layer 23. Need to be high.
- the thickness of the first recording layer 204 is preferably 9 nm or less, more preferably in the range of 2 nm to 8 nm.
- the first recording layer 204 can also be formed of a material represented by Te—Pd—O that causes an irreversible phase change.
- the film thickness of the first recording layer 204 is 5 ⁇ ! It is preferable to be within a range of ⁇ 30 nm.
- the first reflective layer 208 has an optical function of increasing the amount of light absorbed by the first recording layer 204.
- the first reflective layer 208 also has a thermal function of rapidly diffusing heat generated in the first recording layer 204 and making the first recording layer 204 amorphous. Further, the first reflective layer 208 has a function of protecting the multilayer film as well as the environmental force used.
- the same material as that of the reflective layer 108 of Embodiment 1 should be used. Can do. Also, their functions are the same as those of the reflective layer 108 of the first embodiment.
- an Ag alloy is preferable as a material for the first reflective layer 208 because of its high thermal conductivity.
- the thickness of the first reflective layer 208 is 3 ⁇ ! In order to make the transmittance of the first information layer 23 as high as possible. Preferably in the range of ⁇ 15 nm, more preferably in the range of 8 nm to 12 nm! / ,.
- the transmittance adjusting layer 209 is made of a dielectric and has a function of adjusting the transmittance of the first information layer 23.
- This transmittance adjustment layer 209 allows the transmittance T (%) of the first information layer 23 when the first recording layer 204 is in a crystalline phase and the first transmittance when the first recording layer 204 is in an amorphous phase. 1 Both the transmittance T (%) of the information layer 23 can be increased. Specifically, it has a transmittance adjustment layer 209 a
- the transmittance increases by about 2% to 10% compared to the case where the transmittance adjustment layer 209 is not provided.
- the transmittance adjusting layer 209 also has an effect of effectively diffusing the heat generated in the first recording layer 204.
- the refractive index n and extinction coefficient k of the transmittance adjusting layer 209 are the transmittance T and t t c of the first information layer 23.
- the film thickness L of the transmittance adjustment layer 209 is (1/32) ⁇ / ⁇ L ⁇ (3/16) ⁇ Zn or (17 t t
- the above range is determined by selecting the wavelength of the laser beam 11 and the refractive index n of the transmittance adjusting layer 209 as 350 nm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 450 nm, 2.0 ⁇ n ⁇ 3.0. 3nm ⁇ L ⁇ 40nm or 60nm ⁇ L ⁇ 130nm is preferred, 7nm ⁇ L ⁇ 30nm or 65nm ⁇ L ⁇ 120nm is more preferred! / ⁇ become.
- L By selecting L within this range, both the transmittances T and T of the first information layer 23 can be increased.
- the transmittance adjusting layer 209 includes, for example, TiO, ZrO, HfO, ZnO, NbO, TaO, SiO
- Oxides such as Al 2 O 3, Bi 2 O, CeO, Cr 2 O, Ga 2 O, and Sr—O can be used.
- Ti— N ⁇ Zr— N, Nb— N ⁇ Ta— N, Si— N, Ge— N, Cr— N, Al— N ⁇ Ge— Si Nitride such as N and Ge Cr—N can also be used.
- sulfides such as ZnS can be used.
- a mixture of the above materials can also be used. Among these, it is particularly preferable to use a material containing Ti 2 O and TiO. These materials have a high refractive index (n
- the transmittances T and T of the first information layer 23 indicate the amount of laser light necessary for recording / reproduction.
- the incident side force of the beam 11 In order to reach the information layer farther from the first information layer 23, it is preferable to satisfy 40 ⁇ T and 40 ⁇ . It is better to satisfy 46 ⁇ ⁇ and 46 ⁇ .
- the transmittance T and T of the first information layer 23 preferably satisfy 5 ⁇ (T-T) ⁇ 5
- the incident side force of the laser beam 11 When recording / reproducing the information layer farther from the first information layer 23, the influence of the change in transmittance due to the state of the first recording layer 204 of the first information layer 23 is small. Good recording / reproduction characteristics can be obtained.
- the reflectance R (%) when the first recording layer 204 is a crystalline phase the reflectance R (%) when the first recording layer 204 is a crystalline phase
- the reflectance R (%) when cl and the first recording layer 204 are in an amorphous phase satisfies R ⁇ R
- R and R satisfy 0.1 ⁇ R ⁇ 5 and 4 ⁇ R ⁇ 15 so that good recording / reproduction characteristics can be obtained by increasing cl al.
- the information recording medium 22 can be manufactured by the method described below.
- the (N-1) information layer is sequentially laminated on the substrate 14 (thickness is, for example, 1.1 mm) via the optical separation layer.
- the information layer is formed of a single layer film or a multilayer film, and each of these layers can be formed by sequentially sputtering a sputtering target as a material in the film forming apparatus.
- the optical separation layer is formed by applying a photocurable resin (particularly an ultraviolet curable resin) or a delayed action resin on the information layer, and then rotating the substrate 14 to uniformly extend the resin ( Spin coating) and curing the resin.
- the substrate (mold) on which the groove has been formed is After being in close contact with the grease, the mold overlying the substrate 14 is rotated and spin coated to cure the resin, and then the substrate (mold) is peeled off to form the guide groove.
- an optical separation layer 17 is formed.
- the first information layer 23 is formed on the optical separation layer 17. Specifically, first, the (N-1) information layer is laminated via the optical separation layer, and then the substrate 14 on which the optical separation layer 17 is formed is placed in a film forming apparatus. A transmittance adjusting layer 209 is formed thereon. The transmittance adjusting layer 209 can be formed by the same method as the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment. Subsequently, the first reflective layer 108 is formed on the transmittance adjusting layer 209. The first reflective layer 108 can be formed by the same method as the reflective layer 108 in the first embodiment.
- a fourth dielectric layer 206 is formed on the first reflective layer 208 as necessary.
- the fourth dielectric layer 206 can be formed by the same method as the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment.
- a fourth interface layer 205 is formed on the first reflective layer 208 or the fourth dielectric layer 206.
- the fourth interface layer 205 can be formed by the same method as the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment.
- the first recording layer 204 is formed on the fourth interface layer 205.
- the first recording layer 204 can be formed by a method similar to that for the recording layer 104 of the first embodiment, using a sputtering target corresponding to the composition.
- a third interface layer 203 is formed on the first recording layer 204.
- the third interface layer 203 can be formed in the same manner as the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment.
- a third dielectric layer 202 is formed on the third interface layer 203.
- the third dielectric layer 202 can be formed by the same method as the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment.
- the transparent layer 13 is formed on the third dielectric layer 202.
- the transparent layer 13 can be formed by the method described in the first embodiment.
- the first recording layer 204 can be crystallized by irradiation with a laser beam.
- the information recording medium 22 can be manufactured as described above.
- the sputtering method is used as a method for forming each layer, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a vacuum evaporation method is used. It is also possible to use an ion plating method, a CVD method, an MBE method, or the like.
- a partial cross-sectional view of the information recording medium 24 of Embodiment 3 is shown in FIG.
- the information recording medium 24 is a two-layer optical information recording medium capable of recording and reproducing information by irradiation with a laser beam 11 from one side.
- the information recording medium 24 includes a second information layer 25, an optical separation layer 17, a first information layer 23, and a transparent layer 13, which are sequentially stacked on the substrate 14.
- the optical separation layer 17, the first information layer 23, and the transparent layer 13 the same materials as those described in Embodiments 1 and 2 can be used. Also, the shape and function thereof are the same as those described in the first and second embodiments.
- the second information layer 25 includes a first dielectric layer 302, a first interface layer 303, a second recording layer 304, a second interface layer 305, a second dielectric layer 306, which are arranged in order from the incident side of the laser beam 11. And a second reflective layer 308.
- the second information layer 25 is recorded and reproduced by the laser beam 11 that has passed through the transparent layer 13, the first information layer 23, and the optical separation layer 17.
- the same material as the first dielectric layer 102 of the first embodiment can be used. Also, their functions are the same as those of the first dielectric layer 102 of the first embodiment.
- the film thickness of the first dielectric layer 302 is determined based on a condition based on a calculation based on the matrix method, in which the amount of reflected light changes greatly when the second recording layer 304 is a crystalline phase and when it is an amorphous phase. It can be determined strictly to be satisfied.
- first interface layer 303 a material similar to that of the first interface layer 103 in Embodiment 1 can be used. Also, their functions and shapes are the same as those of the first interface layer 103 of the first embodiment.
- the second interface layer 305 a material similar to that of the second interface layer 105 of Embodiment 1 can be used. Also, regarding their functions and shapes, the second interface layer 105 of the first embodiment and It is the same.
- the same material as the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment can be used. Also, their functions and shapes are the same as those of the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment.
- the second recording layer 304 can be formed of the same material as that of the recording layer 104 of the first embodiment.
- the film thickness of the second recording layer 304 is 6 nm to 15 nm in order to increase the recording sensitivity of the second information layer 25 when the material is a material that causes a reversible phase change (for example, Ge M4 Te).
- the thickness of the second recording layer 304 is more preferably in the range of 8 nm to 13 nm. Further, when a material that causes irreversible phase change (for example, Te—Pd—O) is used for the second recording layer 304, the film thickness of the second recording layer 304 is ⁇ ! It is preferably within the range of ⁇ 40nm.
- the same material as that of the reflective layer 108 of Embodiment 1 can be used. Also, their functions and shapes are the same as those of the reflective layer 108 of the first embodiment.
- An interface layer 307 may be disposed between the second reflective layer 308 and the second dielectric layer 306.
- a material similar to that of the interface layer 107 of Embodiment 1 can be used. Also, their functions and shapes are the same as those of the interface layer 107 of the first embodiment.
- the information recording medium 24 can be manufactured by the method described below.
- the second information layer 25 is formed. Specifically, first, a substrate 14 (having a thickness of, for example, 1. lm m) is prepared and placed in a film forming apparatus.
- a second reflective layer 308 is formed on the substrate 14.
- the second reflection layer 308 is formed on the side where the guide groove is formed.
- the second reflective layer 308 can be formed by the same method as the reflective layer 108 of the first embodiment.
- an interface layer 307 is formed on the second reflective layer 308 as necessary.
- Interfacial layer 307 The second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment can be formed by the same method.
- a second dielectric layer 306 is formed on the second reflective layer 308 or the interface layer 307.
- the second dielectric layer 306 can be formed by the same method as the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment.
- a second interface layer 305 is formed on the second reflective layer 308, the interface layer 307, or the second dielectric layer 306 as necessary.
- the second interface layer 305 can be formed by the same method as the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment.
- a second recording layer 304 is formed on the second dielectric layer 306 or the second interface layer 305.
- the second recording layer 304 can be formed by the same method as the recording layer 104 of Embodiment 1 using a sputtering target corresponding to the composition.
- a first interface layer 303 is formed on the second recording layer 304 as necessary.
- the first interface layer 303 can be formed by the same method as the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment.
- a first dielectric layer 302 is formed on the second recording layer 304 or the first interface layer 303.
- the first dielectric layer 302 can be formed by the same method as the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment.
- the second information layer 25 is formed.
- the optical separation layer 17 is formed on the first dielectric layer 302 of the second information layer 25.
- the optical separation layer 17 is formed by applying a photocurable resin (particularly, an ultraviolet curable resin) or a slow-acting resin on the first dielectric layer 302, spin-coating, and then curing the resin. it can.
- a photocurable resin particularly, an ultraviolet curable resin
- a slow-acting resin on the first dielectric layer 302, spin-coating, and then curing the resin. it can.
- the optical separation layer 17 includes a guide groove for the laser beam 11
- the substrate (mold) on which the groove is formed is brought into close contact with the resin before curing, the resin is cured, and then the substrate (mold) ) Can be removed to form a guide groove.
- the second recording layer 304 can be crystallized by irradiation with a laser beam.
- the first information layer 23 is formed on the optical separation layer 17. Specifically, first, the transmittance adjusting layer 209, the first reflective layer 208, the fourth interface layer 205, the first recording layer 204, the third interface layer 203, and the third dielectric are formed on the optical separation layer 17.
- the body layer 202 is formed in this order.
- a fourth dielectric layer 206 may be formed between the first reflective layer 208 and the fourth interface layer 205 as necessary.
- Each of these layers can be formed by the method described in Embodiment Mode 2.
- the transparent layer 13 is formed on the third dielectric layer 202.
- the transparent layer 13 can be formed by the method described in the first embodiment.
- the first recording layer 204 can be crystallized by irradiation with a laser beam.
- an initialization process for crystallizing the entire surfaces of the second recording layer 304 and the first recording layer 204 is performed as necessary. You may go. In this case, if the first recording layer 204 is crystallized first, the laser power necessary to crystallize the second recording layer 304 tends to increase, so the second recording layer 304 is crystallized first. It is preferable to make it.
- the information recording medium 24 can be manufactured as described above.
- a sputtering method is used as a method for forming each layer.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a vacuum evaporation method, an ion plating method, a CVD method, an MBE method, or the like can also be used.
- FIG. 4 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the information recording medium 29 of the fourth embodiment.
- the information recording medium 29 is an optical information recording medium capable of recording / reproducing information by irradiation with the laser beam 11, similarly to the information recording medium 15 of the first embodiment.
- the information recording medium 29 has a configuration in which the information layer 16 laminated on the substrate 26 and the dummy substrate 28 are in close contact with each other through the adhesive layer 27.
- the substrate 26 and the dummy substrate 28 are transparent and disk-shaped substrates.
- the substrate 26 and the dummy substrate 28 as in the substrate 14 of the first embodiment, for example, polycarbonate, polyurethane, PMMA, or the like, or glass can be used.
- a guide groove for guiding a laser beam may be formed on the surface of the substrate 26 on the first dielectric layer 102 side as necessary.
- the surface of the substrate 26 opposite to the first dielectric layer 102 side and the surface of the dummy substrate 28 opposite to the adhesive layer 27 side are preferably smooth.
- the material of the substrate 26 and the dummy substrate 28 is excellent in transferability, mass productivity, and low cost. Polycarbonate is particularly useful.
- the thickness of the substrate 26 and the dummy substrate 28 is within the range of 0.3 mm to 0.9 mm so that the thickness is sufficient and the thickness of the information recording medium 29 is about 1.2 mm. It is preferable.
- the adhesive layer 27 is made of a resin such as a photo-curing resin (especially an ultraviolet curable resin) or a slow-acting resin, and is optically used in a short wavelength region where it is preferable that the light absorption with respect to the laser beam 11 used is small.
- the birefringence is preferably small.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer 27 is preferably in the range of 0.6 / ⁇ ⁇ to 50 / ⁇ ⁇ for the same reason as that of the optical separation layers 19, 17 and the like.
- the information recording medium 29 can be manufactured by the method described below.
- the information layer 16 is formed on the substrate 26 (having a thickness of 0.6 mm, for example).
- the substrate 26 is placed in a film forming apparatus, and the first dielectric layer 102, the first interface layer 103, the recording layer 104, the second interface layer 105, the second dielectric layer 106, and the reflective layer 108 are arranged. Are sequentially stacked. Note that an interface layer 107 may be formed between the second dielectric layer 106 and the reflective layer 108 as necessary.
- the method for forming each layer is the same as in the first embodiment.
- the substrate 26 and the dummy substrate 28 (thickness, for example, 0.6 mm) on which the information layer 16 is laminated are bonded using the adhesive layer 27.
- a resin such as a photocurable resin (particularly an ultraviolet curable resin) or a delayed action resin is applied onto the dummy substrate 28, and the substrate 26 on which the information layer 16 is laminated is applied onto the dummy substrate 28. It is advisable to harden the resin after spin coating with close contact. It is also possible to uniformly apply an adhesive resin on the dummy substrate 28 in advance and to adhere it to the substrate 26 on which the information layer 16 is laminated.
- Crystallization of the recording layer 104 can be performed by irradiation with a laser beam.
- the information recording medium 29 can be manufactured as described above.
- the sputtering method is used as a method for forming each layer, the present invention is not limited to this, and a vacuum deposition method, an ion plating method, a CVD method, an MBE method, or the like can also be used.
- FIG. 5 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the information recording medium 31 of the fifth embodiment.
- the information recording medium 31 is a multilayer optical information recording medium capable of recording and reproducing information by irradiation with a laser beam 11 having a single-sided force, like the information recording medium 22 of the second embodiment.
- the information recording medium 31 includes an N-layer first information layer 23 and information layer 18 that are sequentially stacked on a substrate 26 via optical separation layers 17 and 19, and an information layer 21 that is stacked on the substrate 30. 27 is in close contact with each other.
- the substrate 30 is a transparent and disk-shaped substrate.
- a resin such as polycarbonate, amorphous polyolefin, PMMA, or glass can be used.
- a guide groove for guiding the laser beam may be formed on the surface of the substrate 30 on the information layer 21 side as necessary.
- the surface of the substrate 30 on the side opposite to the information layer 21 side is preferably smooth.
- polycarbonate is particularly useful because of its excellent transferability and mass productivity and low cost.
- the thickness of the substrate 30 is preferably in the range of 0.3 mm to 0.9 mm so that the substrate 30 has sufficient strength and the thickness of the information recording medium 31 is about 1.2 mm.
- the information recording medium 31 can be manufactured by the method described below.
- the first information layer 23 is formed on the substrate 26 (having a thickness of 0.6 mm, for example). At this time, if a guide groove for guiding the laser beam 11 is formed on the substrate 26, the first information layer 23 is formed on the side where the guide groove is formed. Specifically, the substrate 26 is placed in the film forming apparatus, and the third dielectric layer 202, the third interface layer 203, the first recording layer 204, the fourth interface layer 205, the first reflective layer 208, and the transmittance adjustment. Layers 209 are sequentially stacked. Note that a fourth dielectric layer 206 may be formed between the fourth interface layer 205 and the first reflective layer 208 as necessary. The method of forming each layer is as follows: The same as in the second embodiment. After that, (N-2) information layers are sequentially stacked via the optical separation layer.
- the information layer 21 is formed on the substrate 30 (having a thickness of 0.6 mm, for example).
- the information layer is formed of a single layer film or a multilayer film, and each of these layers can be formed by sequentially sputtering a sputtering target as a material in the film forming apparatus, as in the second embodiment.
- the substrate 26 and the substrate 30 on which the information layer is stacked are bonded using the adhesive layer 27.
- a resin 26 such as a photocurable resin (especially an ultraviolet curable resin) or a slow-acting resin is applied on the information layer 21, and the substrate 26 on which the first information layer 23 is formed is recorded as information. It is advisable to harden the resin after spin-coating it on the layer 21. It is also possible to uniformly apply an adhesive resin on the information layer 21 in advance and to adhere it to the substrate 26.
- the first recording layer 204 can be crystallized by irradiating with a laser beam.
- the information recording medium 31 can be manufactured as described above.
- a sputtering method is used as a method for forming each layer.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a vacuum evaporation method, an ion plating method, a CVD method, an MBE method, or the like can also be used.
- FIG. 6 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the information recording medium 32 of the sixth embodiment.
- the information recording medium 32 is a two-layer optical information recording medium capable of recording / reproducing information by irradiating the laser beam 11 from one side, like the information recording medium 24 of the third embodiment.
- the information recording medium 32 has a configuration in which the first information layer 23 is stacked on the substrate 26 and the second information layer 25 is stacked on the substrate 30 and is in close contact with the adhesive layer 27.
- a guide groove for guiding a laser beam may be formed on the surface of the substrate 30 on the second reflective layer 308 side as needed.
- the surface of the substrate 30 opposite to the second reflective layer 308 side is preferably smooth.
- the information recording medium 32 can be manufactured by the method described below.
- the first information layer 23 is formed on the substrate 26 (having a thickness of 0.6 mm, for example) by the same method as in the fifth embodiment.
- an initialization step of crystallizing the entire surface of the first recording layer 204 may be performed as necessary.
- the first recording layer 204 can be crystallized by irradiation with a laser beam.
- the second information layer 25 is formed on the substrate 30 (having a thickness of 0.6 mm, for example). At this time, if a guide groove for guiding the laser beam 11 is formed on the substrate 30, the second information layer 25 is formed on the side where the guide groove is formed.
- the substrate 30 is placed in a film forming apparatus, and the second reflective layer 308, the second dielectric layer 306, the second interface layer 305, the second recording layer 304, the first interface layer 303, the first dielectric
- the body layer 302 is sequentially laminated.
- an interface layer 307 may be formed between the second reflective layer 308 and the second dielectric layer 306 as necessary.
- the method for forming each layer is the same as in the third embodiment.
- an initialization step of crystallizing the entire surface of the second recording layer 304 may be performed as necessary.
- the second recording layer 304 can be crystallized by irradiation with a laser beam.
- the substrate 26 on which the first information layer 23 is laminated and the substrate 30 on which the second information layer 25 is laminated are bonded together using the adhesive layer 27.
- a resin such as a photocurable resin (especially an ultraviolet curable resin) or a delayed action resin is applied on the first information layer 23 or the second information layer 25, and the substrate 26 and the substrate are coated. It is recommended to cure the resin after spin-coating with 30 attached.
- an adhesive resin can be uniformly applied in advance on the first information layer 23 or the second information layer 25, and the substrate 26 and the substrate 30 can be brought into close contact with each other.
- an initialization step of crystallizing the entire surfaces of the second recording layer 304 and the first recording layer 204 may be performed as necessary. In this case, it is preferable to crystallize the second recording layer 304 first for the same reason as in the third embodiment.
- the information recording medium 32 can be manufactured as described above.
- the sputtering method is used as a method for forming each layer, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a vacuum evaporation method is used. It is also possible to use an ion plating method, a CVD method, an MBE method, or the like.
- the information recording medium recording / reproducing method of the present invention described in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth embodiments will be described.
- FIG. 7 schematically shows a partial configuration of the recording / reproducing apparatus 38 used in the recording / reproducing method of the present invention.
- a recording / reproducing apparatus 38 includes a spindle motor 33 for rotating an information recording medium 37, a semiconductor laser 35, and an objective lens 34 for condensing the laser beam 11 emitted from the semiconductor laser 35.
- An optical head 36 is provided.
- the information recording medium 37 is the information recording medium described in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth embodiments, and includes a single information layer (for example, the information layer 16) or a plurality of information layers (for example, the first information layer). 23, the second information layer 25).
- the objective lens 34 condenses the laser beam 11 on the information layer.
- Information recording, erasing, and overwriting recording on the information recording medium are performed by dividing the laser beam 11 with high peak power (P (mW)) and low power bias power (P (mW)).
- the optical state of the recording mark is not affected by the irradiation of the laser beam 11 at a power level lower than the power level of the peak power and the bias power, and the recording mark can be reproduced from the information recording medium.
- Reproduction power P (mW)
- the numerical aperture NA of the objective lens 34 is in the range of 0.5 to 1.1 in order to adjust the spot diameter of the laser beam to be in the range of 0.4 ⁇ to 0.7 ⁇ (more preferably, 0.5. It is preferably within the range of 6 to 0.9.
- the wavelength of the laser beam 11 is preferably 450 nm or less (more preferably, in the range of 35 ⁇ ! To 450 nm).
- the linear velocity of the information recording medium when recording information is within the range of 1 mZ second to 20 mZ second (more preferably 2 mZ second to 15 mZ second) in which crystallization due to reproduction light hardly occurs and sufficient erasing performance is obtained. It is preferable that it is within the range.
- the laser beam 11 When recording on the first information layer 23 in the information recording medium 24 and the information recording medium 32 having two information layers, the laser beam 11 is focused on the first recording layer 204. Information is recorded on the first recording layer 204 by the laser beam 11 transmitted through the transparent layer 13. Reproduction is performed using the laser beam 11 reflected by the first recording layer 204 and transmitted through the transparent layer 13. When recording is performed on the second information layer 25, the laser beam 11 is focused on the second recording layer 304 and transmitted through the transparent layer 13, the first information layer 23, and the optical separation layer 17. To record information. The reproduction is performed using the laser beam 11 reflected by the second recording layer 304 and transmitted through the optical separation layer 17, the first information layer 23, and the transparent layer 13.
- the guide groove for guiding the laser beam 11 is formed on the substrate 14 and the optical separation layers 20, 19, and 17, the information is obtained from the groove surface with the closer incident side force of the laser beam 11 (g Loop), or on a distant groove surface (land). You can also record information in both the groove and the land.
- the power of the laser beam 11 is modulated between 0 and P (mW).
- the optimum P at this time is the recording sensitivity.
- the signal intensity is modulated by power-modulating the laser beam 11 between 0 and P (mW), and the mark length
- the number of rewrites can be made by changing the power of the laser beam 11 between 0 and P (mW).
- Random signals with a mark length of 0.149 / ⁇ ⁇ (2 0) force 0.596 / ⁇ ⁇ (8 ⁇ ) are continuously recorded in the same group, and jitter between the front end and rear end in each recording rewrite count.
- the upper limit was the number of rewrites that increased by 3% with respect to the average jitter value between the front edge and the rear edge for the first time.
- P is determined so that the average jitter value becomes the smallest.
- Embodiment 8 describes an example of an information recording medium of the present invention.
- a configuration example of the electrical information recording medium 44 of the eighth embodiment is shown in FIG.
- the electrical information recording medium 44 is an information recording medium capable of recording and reproducing information by applying electrical energy (particularly current).
- a resin substrate such as polycarbonate, a glass substrate, Al O or the like is used.
- the electrical information recording medium 44 has a structure in which a lower electrode 40, a first dielectric layer 401, a first recording layer 41, a second recording layer 42, a second dielectric layer 402, and an upper electrode 43 are sequentially laminated on a substrate 39. It is. The lower electrode 40 and the upper electrode 43 are formed to apply a current to the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42. o The first dielectric layer 401 is applied to the first recording layer 41. The second dielectric layer 402 is installed to adjust the amount of electric energy applied to the second recording layer 42 by adjusting the amount of electric energy.
- the same material as that of the second dielectric layer 106 of the first embodiment can be used.
- the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42 are materials that cause a reversible phase change between a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase due to Joule heat generated by application of an electric current.
- Amorphous A phenomenon in which the resistivity changes with the mass phase is used for recording information.
- the material of the first recording layer 41 may be the same material as the first recording layer 204 of Embodiment 2, and the material of the second recording layer 42 may be the same material as the second recording layer 304 of Embodiment 3. it can.
- the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42 can be formed by the same method as the first recording layer 204 of the second embodiment and the second recording layer 304 of the third embodiment, respectively.
- the lower electrode 40 and the upper electrode 43 are mainly composed of a single metal material such as Al, Au, Ag, Cu, Pt, or one or more of these elements, and has improved moisture resistance.
- an alloy material to which one or more other elements are appropriately added can be used for adjusting the thermal conductivity.
- the lower electrode 40 and the upper electrode 43 can be formed by sputtering a metal base material or alloy base material as a material in an Ar gas atmosphere.
- a vacuum deposition method, an ion plating method, a CVD method, an MBE method, or the like can be used as a method for forming each layer.
- An electrical information recording / reproducing apparatus 50 is electrically connected to the electrical information recording medium 44 via the applying unit 45.
- a pulse power supply 48 is connected between the lower electrode 40 and the upper electrode 43 in order to apply a current pulse to the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42.
- a resistance measuring device 46 is connected between the lower electrode 40 and the upper electrode 43 via a switch 49 in order to detect a change in resistance value due to a phase change of the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42. Is done.
- switch 47 is closed (switch 49 is open) between the electrodes.
- a current pulse is applied to the electrode so that the temperature of the portion to which the current pulse is applied is maintained for a crystallization time at a temperature higher than the crystallization temperature of the material and lower than the melting point.
- a relatively high current pulse is applied in a shorter time than when crystallizing, the recording layer is melted to a temperature higher than the melting point, and then cooled rapidly.
- the pulse power supply 48 of the electrical information recording / reproducing apparatus 50 is a power supply that can output the recording / erasing pulse waveform of FIG.
- the resistance value when the first recording layer 41 is in the amorphous phase is r, and the first recording layer 41 is in the crystalline phase.
- the resistance value is r, the resistance value is when the second recording layer 42 is in an amorphous phase!
- r be the resistance when cl a2 is in the crystalline phase.
- the sum of the resistance values of 1 and the second recording layer 42 is calculated as four different values: r + r, r + r, r + r, and r + r.
- a large capacity electrical information recording medium 51 as shown in FIG. 9 can be configured by arranging a large number of electrical information recording media 44 in a matrix.
- Each memory cell 54 has the same configuration as the electrical information recording medium 44 in a minute region.
- Information is recorded / reproduced in / from each memory cell 54 by designating one word line 52 and one bit line 53, respectively.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of the configuration of an information recording system using the electrical information recording medium 51.
- the storage device 56 includes an electrical information recording medium 51 and an address specifying circuit 55.
- the address designation circuit 55 designates the word line 52 and the bit line 53 of the electrical information recording medium 51, and information can be recorded / reproduced to / from each memory cell 54.
- an external circuit 57 including at least a pulse power source 58 and a resistance measuring device 59, information can be recorded on and reproduced from the electrical information recording medium 51.
- Example 1 the information recording medium 15 shown in FIG. 1 was prepared, and the relationship between the material of the second dielectric layer 106, the recording sensitivity of the information layer 16, and the repeated rewriting performance were examined. Specifically, a sample of the information recording medium 15 including the information layer 16 having a different material for the second dielectric layer 106 was produced, and the recording sensitivity and the repeated rewrite performance of the information layer 16 were measured.
- the sample was manufactured as follows. First, a polycarbonate substrate (diameter 120 mm, thickness 1.1 mm) on which guide grooves (depth 20 nm, track pitch 0.32 m) for guiding the laser beam 11 were formed was prepared as the substrate 14. On the polycarbonate substrate, an Ag—Pd—Cu layer (thickness: 80 nm) and a second dielectric layer 106 (thickness: 10 nm) are formed as the reflective layer 108. ⁇ 20nm), Ge Sn Bi Te layer (thickness: lOnm) as recording layer 104, and first interface layer 103
- an ultraviolet curable resin is applied onto the first dielectric layer 102, and a polycarbonate sheet (diameter 120 mm, thickness 90 ⁇ m) is brought into close contact with the first dielectric layer 102 and rotated.
- the resin layer was cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays to form a transparent layer 13 having a thickness of 100 / zm.
- an initialization process for crystallizing the recording layer 104 with a laser beam was performed. As described above, a plurality of samples having different materials for the second dielectric layer 106 were manufactured.
- the recording sensitivity of the information layer 16 of the information recording medium 15 and the repeated rewriting performance were measured using the recording / reproducing apparatus 38 of FIG.
- the wavelength of the laser beam 11 is 405 nm
- the numerical aperture NA of the objective lens 34 is 0.85
- the linear velocity of the sample during measurement is 4.9 mZs and 9.8 mZs
- the shortest mark length (2T) is 0. It was set to 149 ⁇ m. Information was recorded in groups.
- the recording sensitivity of the information layer 16 of the information recording medium 15 the recording sensitivity of the information layer 16, and the evaluation results of the repeated rewrite performance
- Table 1 shows the results
- Table 2 shows the results when the linear velocity is 9.8 mZs (2X).
- the recording sensitivity of IX less than 6 mW was marked as ⁇ , 6 mW or more but less than 7 mW, and 7 mW or more as X.
- For recording sensitivity at 2X less than 7mW was rated as ⁇ , 7mW or more and less than 8mW, and 8mW or more as X.
- the repetitive rewrite count is 1000 when it is 1000 or more, ⁇ is 500 or more and less than 1000, and X is less than 500.
- Example 2 the information recording medium 24 of FIG. 3 was produced, and the relationship between the material of the second dielectric layer 306, the recording sensitivity of the second information layer 25, and the repeated rewriting performance was examined. Specifically, a sample of the information recording medium 24 including the second information layer 25 made of a different material for the second dielectric layer 306 was produced, and the recording sensitivity and the repeated rewrite performance of the second information layer 25 were measured.
- the sample was manufactured as follows. First, a polycarbonate substrate (diameter 120 mm, thickness 1.1 mm) on which guide grooves (depth 20 nm, track pitch 0.32 m) for guiding the laser beam 11 were formed was prepared as the substrate 14. On the polycarbonate substrate, an Ag Pd—Cu layer (thickness: 80 nm) as the second reflective layer 208, a second dielectric layer 306 (thickness: 10 to 20 nm), and Ge Sn Bi as the second recording layer 304 are formed. Te layer (thickness: 10nm), first interface layer 3
- an ultraviolet curable resin is applied on the first dielectric layer 302, and a substrate on which a guide groove (depth 20 nm, track pitch 0.32 m) is formed is covered and adhered and rotated.
- a uniform resin layer was formed, and after curing the resin, the substrate was peeled off.
- the optical separation layer 17 having a thickness of 25 / zm in which the guide groove for guiding the laser beam 11 was formed on the first information layer 23 side was formed.
- a TiO layer (thickness: 20 nm) as a transmittance adjusting layer 209 on the optical separation layer 17
- Ag- Pd-Cu layer (thickness: 10 nm) as the first reflective layer 208
- (ZrO) as the fourth interface layer 205
- (ZnS) (SiO 2) layers are sequentially deposited by sputtering.
- an ultraviolet curable resin is applied on the third dielectric layer 202, and a polycarbonate sheet (diameter 120 mm, thickness 65 ⁇ m) is brought into close contact with the third dielectric layer 202 and rotated.
- the resin layer was cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays to form a transparent layer 13 having a thickness of 75 / zm.
- an initialization process for crystallizing the second recording layer 304 and the first recording layer 204 with a laser beam was performed. As described above, a plurality of samples having different materials for the second dielectric layer 306 were manufactured.
- the recording sensitivity and the repeated rewriting performance of the second information layer 25 of the information recording medium 24 were measured using the recording / reproducing apparatus 38 of FIG.
- the wavelength of the laser beam 11 is 405 nm
- the numerical aperture NA of the objective lens 34 is 0.85
- the linear velocity of the sample during measurement is 4.9 mZs and 9.8 mZs
- the shortest mark length (2T) is 0. 14 Information was recorded in groups.
- the recording sensitivity of the second information layer 25 of the information recording medium 24 When the linear velocity is 4.9 mZs for the material of the second dielectric layer 306 of the second information layer 25 of the information recording medium 24, the recording sensitivity of the second information layer 25, and the results of repeated rewrite performance (IX) Table 3 shows the results and Table 4 shows the results when the linear velocity is 9.8 mZs (2X).
- the recording sensitivity of IX less than 12 mW was marked as ⁇ , 12 mW or more and less than 14 mW was ⁇ , and 14 mW or more was marked as X.
- ⁇ is less than 14 mW
- ⁇ is 14 mW or more and less than 16 mW
- X is 16 mW or more.
- the number of repeated rewrites was set to ⁇ for 1000 times or more, ⁇ for more than 500 times and less than 1000 times, and X for less than 500 times.
- Sample 2-3 uses recording sensitivity at IX and 2X.
- Example 1 when the second interface layer 105 was disposed, the number of repeated rewrites of the information layer 16 of the information recording medium 15 was improved. Similarly, in Example 2, when the second interface layer 305 was disposed, the number of repeated rewrites of the second information layer 25 of the information recording medium 24 was improved.
- the material of the second interface layer 105 and the second interface layer 305 includes at least one element selected from Zr, Hf, Y and S, at least one element selected from Ga, In and Cr forces, and O. In this case, ZrO, HfO, Y ⁇ and SiO force are selected.
- Example 4 the information recording medium 24 of FIG. 3 was produced, and the relationship between the material of the fourth dielectric layer 206, the recording sensitivity of the first information layer 23, and the repeated rewriting performance was examined. Specifically, a sample of the information recording medium 24 including the first information layer 23 made of a different material for the fourth dielectric layer 206 was produced, and the recording sensitivity and the repeated rewrite performance of the first information layer 23 were measured.
- the sample was manufactured as follows. First, a polycarbonate substrate (diameter 120 mm, thickness 1.1 mm) on which guide grooves (depth 20 nm, track pitch 0.32 m) for guiding the laser beam 11 were formed was prepared as the substrate 14. On the polycarbonate substrate, Ag Pd—Cu layer (thickness: 80 nm) as the second reflective layer 208 and D as the second dielectric layer 306 are formed. y O layer (thickness: 15 nm), as second interface layer 305 (ZrO 2) (In 2 O 3) layer (thickness: 5 nm), second
- the recording layer 304 is a Ge Sn Bi Te layer (thickness: 10 nm), and the first interface layer 303 is (ZrO 2) (
- an ultraviolet curable resin is applied on the first dielectric layer 302, and a substrate on which a guide groove (depth 2 Onm, track pitch 0.32 m) is formed is covered and adhered and rotated.
- a uniform resin layer was formed, and after curing the resin, the substrate was peeled off.
- the optical separation layer 17 having a thickness of 25 / zm in which the guide groove for guiding the laser beam 11 was formed on the first information layer 23 side was formed.
- Ag- Pd-Cu layer (thickness: 10 nm) as the first reflective layer 208, fourth dielectric layer 206 (thickness: 5 nm), (ZrO 2) (SiO 2) (In 2 O 3) layer (thickness) as the fourth interface layer 205 5nm), the first recording layer 204
- Ge Sn Bi Te layer (thickness: 6 nm) as the third interface layer 203 (ZrO 2) (SiO 2) (Cr
- the layers were sequentially laminated by a sputtering method.
- an ultraviolet curable resin is applied on the third dielectric layer 202, and a polycarbonate sheet (diameter 120 mm, thickness 65 ⁇ m) is brought into close contact with the third dielectric layer 202 and rotated.
- the resin layer was cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays to form a transparent layer 13 having a thickness of 75 / zm.
- an initialization process for crystallizing the second recording layer 304 and the first recording layer 204 with a laser beam was performed. As described above, a plurality of samples having different materials for the fourth dielectric layer 206 were manufactured.
- the recording sensitivity and the repeated rewriting performance of the first information layer 23 of the information recording medium 24 were measured using the recording / reproducing apparatus 38 of FIG.
- the wavelength of the laser beam 11 is 405 nm
- the numerical aperture NA of the objective lens 34 is 0.85
- the linear velocity of the sample during measurement is 4.9 mZs and 9.8 mZs
- the shortest mark length (2T) is 0. 14 Information was recorded in groups.
- the linear velocity is 4.9 mZs.
- Table 5 shows the results for case (IX), and Table 6 shows the results for case (2X) when the linear velocity is 9.8 mZs.
- recording sensitivity with IX less than 12W was marked as ⁇ , 12W or more but less than 14W was ⁇ , and 14W or more was marked as X.
- recording sensitivity at 2X ⁇ is less than 14W, ⁇ is 14W or more and less than 16W, and X is 16W or more.
- the repetitive rewrite count was set to ⁇ when it was 1000 times or more, ⁇ if it was 500 times or more and less than 1000 times, and X if less than 500 times.
- Samples 3-16, 3-20, 3-26, and 3-27 have poor IX recording sensitivity and slightly inferior recording sensitivity at 2X. Good repeated rewrite performance. I found out. Samples 3-15, 3-19, 3-24, and DyO 3 ⁇ 4011101%
- Example 5 the information recording medium 29 of FIG. 4 was produced, and the same experiment as in Example 1 was performed.
- the sample was manufactured as follows. First, a polycarbonate substrate (diameter 120 mm, thickness 0.6 mm) on which guide grooves (depth 40 nm, track pitch 0.344 m) for guiding the laser beam 11 were formed was prepared as the substrate 26. On the polycarbonate substrate, a (ZnS) (SiO 2) layer (thickness: 60 nm) is formed as the first dielectric layer 102, and the first interface layer 103 is formed.
- a second dielectric layer 106 (thickness: 10 to 20 nm), and an Ag Pd Cu layer (thickness: 80 nm) as the reflective layer 108 were sequentially stacked by sputtering.
- an ultraviolet curable resin is applied on the dummy substrate 28, and the reflective layer 108 of the substrate 26 is adhered to the dummy substrate 28 and rotated to form a uniform resin layer (thickness 20 m).
- the substrate 26 and the dummy substrate 28 were bonded via the adhesive layer 27 by irradiating ultraviolet rays to cure the resin.
- an initialization process was performed in which the entire surface of the recording layer 104 was crystallized with a laser beam.
- the recording sensitivity of the information layer 16 of the information recording medium 29 and the repeated rewriting performance were measured by the same method as in Example 1.
- the wavelength of the laser beam 11 is 405 nm
- the numerical aperture NA of the objective lens 34 is 0.65
- the sample linear velocity was 8.6 mZs and 17.2 mZs
- the shortest mark length was 0.294 m. Information was recorded in groups.
- the second dielectric layer 106 has DyO, YO, ZrO, HfO
- Example 6 the information recording medium 32 of FIG. 6 was produced, and the same experiment as in Example 2 was performed.
- the sample was manufactured as follows. First, a polycarbonate substrate (diameter 120 mm, thickness 0.6 mm) on which guide grooves (depth 40 nm, track pitch 0.344 m) for guiding the laser beam 11 were formed was prepared as the substrate 26. On the polycarbonate substrate, a (ZnS) (SiO 2) layer (thickness: 40 nm) is formed as a third dielectric layer 202, and a third interface layer 203 is formed.
- an Ag Pd—Cu layer (thickness: 10 nm) as the first reflective layer 208 and a Ti 2 O layer (thickness: 20 nm) as the transmittance adjusting layer 209 were sequentially laminated by a sputtering method.
- a polycarbonate substrate (diameter 120 mm, thickness 0.58 mm) on which a guide groove (depth 40 nm, track pitch 0.344 m) for guiding the laser beam 11 is formed as the substrate 30.
- an Ag Pd Cu layer (thickness: 80 nm) as the second reflective layer 208, a second dielectric layer 306 (thickness: 10 to 20 nm), and a Ge Sn Bi layer as the second recording layer 304 are formed.
- Te layer (thickness: lOnm), (ZrO 2) (Cr 2 O 3) layer (thickness) as first interface layer 303
- an ultraviolet curable resin is applied onto the first dielectric layer 302 of the substrate 30, and the transmittance adjustment layer 209 of the substrate 26 is adhered to the substrate 30 and rotated to rotate the uniform resin layer (thickness 20 m). ), The substrate 26 and the substrate 30 were bonded through the adhesive layer 27 by irradiating ultraviolet rays to cure the resin. Finally, an initialization process was performed in which the entire surfaces of the second recording layer 304 and the first recording layer 2004 were crystallized with a laser beam.
- the recording sensitivity and the repeated rewrite performance of the second information layer 25 of the information recording medium 32 were measured by the same method as in Example 2.
- the wavelength of the laser beam 11 was 405 nm
- the numerical aperture NA of the objective lens 34 was 0.65
- the linear velocity of the sample during measurement was 8.6 mZs and 17.2 mZs
- the shortest mark length was 0.294. Information was recorded in groups.
- the second dielectric layer 306 includes DyO, YO, ZrO, HfO
- Dv O force ⁇ 0 mol% or more, 95 mol% or less
- Example 5 when the second interface layer 105 was disposed, the number of repeated rewrites of the information layer 16 of the information recording medium 29 was improved.
- Example 6 when the second interface layer 305 was disposed, the number of repeated rewrites of the second information layer 25 of the information recording medium 32 was improved.
- the material of the second interface layer 105 and the second interface layer 305 includes at least one element selected from Zr, Hf, Y and S, at least one element selected from Ga, In and Cr forces, and O. In this case, ZrO, HfO, Y ⁇ and SiO force are selected.
- Example 8 the information recording medium 32 of FIG. 6 was produced, and the same experiment as in Example 4 was performed.
- the sample was manufactured as follows. First, a polycarbonate substrate (diameter 120 mm, thickness 0.6 mm) on which guide grooves (depth 40 nm, track pitch 0.344 m) for guiding the laser beam 11 were formed was prepared as the substrate 26. On the polycarbonate substrate, a (ZnS) (SiO 2) layer (thickness: 40 nm) is formed as a third dielectric layer 202, and a third interface layer 203 is formed.
- a fourth dielectric layer 206 (thickness: 5 nm), an Ag Pd—Cu layer (thickness: 10 nm) as the first reflective layer 208, and a TiO layer (thickness: 20 nm) as the transmittance adjustment layer 209 are sequentially formed by sputtering.
- a polycarbonate substrate (diameter 120 mm, thickness 0.58 mm) on which a guide groove (depth 40 nm, track pitch 0.344 m) for guiding the laser beam 11 was formed was prepared as the substrate 30.
- an Ag Pd Cu layer (thickness: 80 nm) as the second reflective layer 208
- a DyO layer (thickness: 15 nm) as the second dielectric layer 306
- a (ZnS) (SiO 2) layer (thickness: 60 nm) is sequentially formed as the electric material layer 302 by sputtering. Laminated.
- an ultraviolet curable resin is applied onto the first dielectric layer 302 of the substrate 30, and the transmittance adjustment layer 209 of the substrate 26 is adhered to the substrate 30 and rotated to rotate the uniform resin layer (thickness 20 m). ), The substrate 26 and the substrate 30 were bonded through the adhesive layer 27 by irradiating ultraviolet rays to cure the resin. Finally, an initialization process was performed in which the entire surfaces of the second recording layer 304 and the first recording layer 2004 were crystallized with a laser beam.
- the recording sensitivity and the repeated rewriting performance of the first information layer 23 of the information recording medium 32 were measured by the same method as in Example 4.
- the wavelength of the laser beam 11 was 405 nm
- the numerical aperture NA of the objective lens 34 was 0.65
- the linear velocity of the sample during measurement was 8.6 mZs and 17.2 mZs
- the shortest mark length was 0.294.
- Information was recorded in groups.
- the sulfur contained in ZnS diffuses into the recording layer, which proves that the rewrite performance of IX and 2X is poor.
- the fourth dielectric layer 206 has DyO and (DyO
- the fourth dielectric layer 206 has DyO, YO, ZrO, HfO
- Dv O force ⁇ 0 mol% or more, 95 mol% or less
- the recording layer 104, the first recording layer 204, or the second recording layer 3 04 may have (Ge—Sn) Te, GeTe—Sb Te, (Ge—Sn) Te—Sb Te, GeTe — Bi Te, ( Ge—Sn) Te—BiTe, GeTe— (Sb—Bi) Te, (Ge—Sn) Te— (Sb—Bi) Te, G
- Example 1 to Example 9 the second dielectric layer 106, the fourth dielectric layer 206, or the second dielectric layer 306 is replaced by Sc O, YO, La O, Gd O, or Yb instead of DyO.
- the second dielectric layer 106, the fourth dielectric layer 206, or the second dielectric layer 306 is replaced with DyO, ScO, YO, LaO, GdO
- Example 10 the electrical information recording medium 44 of FIG. 8 was manufactured, and the phase change due to the application of the current was confirmed.
- a Si substrate having a nitrided surface was prepared as the substrate 39, and Pt as the lower electrode 40 was formed thereon with an area 6 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ m and a thickness of 0.1 m, and the first dielectric layer 401 was DyO 4.5 m X
- DyO is 4.5 m x 5 m and thickness is 0.01 ⁇ m.
- the first dielectric layer 401 and the second dielectric layer 402 are insulators. Therefore, in order to pass a current through the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42, the first dielectric layer 401 and the second dielectric layer 402 have a smaller area than the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42. A portion where the lower electrode 40, the first recording layer 41, the second recording layer 42, and the upper electrode 43 are in contact with each other is provided.
- an Au lead wire was bonded to the lower electrode 40 and the upper electrode 43, and the electrical information recording / reproducing device 50 was connected to the electrical information recording medium 44 via the application unit 45.
- a pulse power supply 48 is connected between the lower electrode 40 and the upper electrode 43 via a switch 47, and the phase of the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42 is further increased. Resistance change force due to change Contact between lower electrode 40 and upper electrode 43 via switch 49 Detected by a subsequent resistance meter 46.
- the melting point T of the first recording layer 41 is 630 ° C
- the crystallization temperature T is 170 ° C
- the second recording layer 42 has a melting point T of 550 ° C and a crystallization temperature T of 200 xl m2 x2.
- the first recording layer 41 has an amorphous phase resistance r x2 al of 500 ⁇
- the second recording layer 42 has an amorphous phase resistance cl.
- the value r is 800 ⁇ , and the resistance value r in the crystal phase is 20 ⁇ .
- state 3 Only the recording layer 42 transitioned from the amorphous phase to the crystalline phase (hereinafter referred to as state 3).
- I 10 mA c2 between the lower electrode 40 and the upper electrode 43 in the recording waveform 503 in FIG.
- the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42 are both cl
- state 4 Transitioned from an amorphous phase to a crystalline phase (hereinafter referred to as state 4).
- the first recording layer 41 becomes c2 c2 al
- the first recording layer 41 is in an amorphous phase
- the second recording layer 42 changed from the crystalline phase to the amorphous phase (state 2).
- the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42 are electrically reversibly changed between the crystalline phase and the amorphous phase.
- 4 states (state 1: the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42 are both in an amorphous phase, state 2: the first recording layer 41 is in a crystalline phase, and the second recording layer 42 is not in a non-phase. Crystalline phase, state 3: the first recording layer 41 is in an amorphous phase and the second recording layer 42 is in a crystalline phase, and state 4: both the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42 are in a crystalline phase). I was strong.
- the number of rewrites of the electrical phase change information recording medium 44 was measured, it was found that it could be improved by 10 times or more compared to the case where the first dielectric layer 401 and the second dielectric layer 402 were not provided. This is because the first dielectric layer 401 and the second dielectric layer 402 suppress mass transfer from the lower electrode 40 and the upper electrode 43 to the first recording layer 41 and the second recording layer 42. It is.
- the information recording medium according to the present invention has a property (non-volatile property) capable of holding recorded information for a long time, and is useful as a high-density rewritable and write once type optical disc. It can also be applied to applications such as electrical non-volatile memory.
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Abstract
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JP2008090984A (ja) * | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-17 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | 多層型相変化光記録媒体 |
WO2009072285A1 (ja) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-06-11 | Panasonic Corporation | 情報記録媒体、及びその製造法、ならびに記録再生装置 |
WO2010095466A1 (ja) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-08-26 | パナソニック株式会社 | 情報記録媒体 |
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US20090059758A1 (en) * | 2005-04-07 | 2009-03-05 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Optical information recording medium and method for manufacturing the same |
WO2020031498A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-09 | 2020-02-13 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 情報記録媒体およびその製造方法 |
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- 2005-09-06 WO PCT/JP2005/016324 patent/WO2006051645A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-09-06 JP JP2006544788A patent/JP4871733B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-08 TW TW094130866A patent/TW200615908A/zh unknown
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JP2008090984A (ja) * | 2006-10-05 | 2008-04-17 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | 多層型相変化光記録媒体 |
WO2009072285A1 (ja) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-06-11 | Panasonic Corporation | 情報記録媒体、及びその製造法、ならびに記録再生装置 |
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WO2010095466A1 (ja) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-08-26 | パナソニック株式会社 | 情報記録媒体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7682677B2 (en) | 2010-03-23 |
CN1922673A (zh) | 2007-02-28 |
TW200615908A (en) | 2006-05-16 |
JPWO2006051645A1 (ja) | 2008-05-29 |
JP4871733B2 (ja) | 2012-02-08 |
US20070154673A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
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