WO2006032261A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur retinalen gefässanalyse anhand digitaler bilder - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur retinalen gefässanalyse anhand digitaler bilder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006032261A1 WO2006032261A1 PCT/DE2005/001680 DE2005001680W WO2006032261A1 WO 2006032261 A1 WO2006032261 A1 WO 2006032261A1 DE 2005001680 W DE2005001680 W DE 2005001680W WO 2006032261 A1 WO2006032261 A1 WO 2006032261A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vessel
- image
- segments
- diameter
- comparison
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 210000001210 retinal vessel Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 23
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002911 mydriatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002207 retinal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010008190 Cerebrovascular accident Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012502 risk assessment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000019553 vascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0012—Biomedical image inspection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/20—Analysis of motion
- G06T7/246—Analysis of motion using feature-based methods, e.g. the tracking of corners or segments
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/60—Analysis of geometric attributes
- G06T7/62—Analysis of geometric attributes of area, perimeter, diameter or volume
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30004—Biomedical image processing
- G06T2207/30041—Eye; Retina; Ophthalmic
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for retinal vessel analysis based on digital images in which an annular measurement area is placed around the optic disc, of a
- Veins contains distinct vessel sections, of which per
- Vessel section a vessel diameter is determined, wherein from the determined vessel diameters of the vessel sections
- the invention further relates to a device for retinal vessel analysis based on digital images, comprising a mydriatic or nonmydriatic retinal camera for recording the images, a control and evaluation computer provided with data input and output media, comprising a system which associates image and patient data with each other detects, stores and archives means for defining an annular measurement area placed in the images around the optic disc, which contains vessel sections emanating and to be measured from a central vessel, a measuring device for determining vessel diameter and calculating means for determining characteristics from the measured vessel diameters.
- a device for retinal vessel analysis based on digital images comprising a mydriatic or nonmydriatic retinal camera for recording the images, a control and evaluation computer provided with data input and output media, comprising a system which associates image and patient data with each other detects, stores and archives means for defining an annular measurement area placed in the images around the optic disc, which contains vessel sections emanating and to be measured from a central vessel, a measuring device for determining vessel diameter
- the digital fundus images are evaluated in such a way that the AV (PSH) ratio is calculated as a parameter from above-measured vessel diameter of arteries and veins which are located within an annular measurement area around the papilla, according to a given formula. These are measured from the vessel diameters of all
- VZA VZA
- Wong et al proposes to select from the vessels identified as arteries and veins within the measuring range in each case a small vessel section from a large vessel section and five measurements per vessel section for the entire vessel characteristic mean vessel diameter included in the calculation of the AV (PSH) ratio value.
- the object of the invention is therefore to increase the ability to separate between healthy and risky vessel state with reduced manual and temporal effort in order to determine the individual vascular risk, especially for stroke safely, with subjective systematic and random errors are to be reduced.
- a series of contiguous vessel segments is selected, and for each vessel segment, a vessel segment diameter, vascular segmentation, vessel type, artery or vein and associated image coordinates are determined together in a dataset related to the evaluated image vascular segments are stored and archived and thus for later comparative measurements in the access.
- the vessel diameter automatically in the comparison image to the selected reference image identifies identical vessel segments, the assignment of the vessel segment to the type of vessel and the vessel portion is taken unchanged from the reference image.
- the vessel segment-related data sets of the comparison images are supplemented by the reference to the reference image and a displacement vector of the vessel segment between reference image and comparison image.
- the time profiles of the exactly comparable vessel segment diameter are available in a database.
- meaningful parameters are formed on this basis and displayed clearly in diagrams or progress graphs, which further significantly increase the separation ability between healthy and ill as well as the informational value of the microvascular vascular risk.
- the invention provides the possibility of comparison measurements if at least one examination has already been carried out on the same patient and eye and the measured values and image of this examination are stored in the access of the device used for carrying out the method, ie stored in the memory.
- a determination of vessel segment diameters on vessel segments in the comparison image can be made which are identical to the vessel segments in the reference image, wherein the association of the vessel type and the vessel section to each vessel segment from the data set of the reference image remains unchanged in the reference image
- Data set of the comparison image is taken over and the data sets of the vessel segments of the comparison image are extended at least to the reference to the reference image.
- the coordinates for vessel segments in the reference image are calculated from the coordinates of the vessel segments in the comparison image by means of previously determined displacement vectors, so that the measurement of the vessel segment diameter can be made automatically on vessel segments in the comparison image that are identical to the vessel segments in the reference image.
- the data sets of the vessel segments of the comparison image are thereby extended at least by the displacement vector of the vessel segment.
- Reference image a vessel segment diameter can be determined, and that absolute and relative differences between reference and comparison image for the vessel diameter and characteristics are formed.
- an objective location correction or automatic specification of the measurement locations and an objective selection of evaluable, temporally and locally necessarily complete data sets with respect to an arbitrarily defined reference image of an image sequence or a predetermined characteristic or a characteristic vector is thus possible, regardless of whether the images or the measuring point coordinates are location-corrected become.
- Characteristic determination can be carried out particularly advantageously by forming from the profile of the vessel segment diameter a mean diameter serving for determining characteristic values as the arithmetic mean value for each vessel section.
- a central equivalent of the arteries and a central equivalent of the veins can be determined as the first, second and third parameters, and an arterio-venous ratio can be derived, which is still calculated according to Hubbard, but based on the invention provides much more reproducible and more accurate characteristics compared to the technical state.
- the central equivalents of the arteries and veins are formed as the nth root of the sum over all nth powers of the medial vessel section diameter, with a value of n between 2.5 and 3.0, preferably 2, for the central equivalent of the arteries , 7 and for the central equivalent of the veins a value between 2.0 and 2.5, preferably 2.1 is used.
- a maximum and a minimum diameter and the scattering of the average vessel segment diameter can also be determined as the fourth characteristic vector.
- the vessel length is the vessel segment length, which may be predetermined, but currently has to be calculated for a variable vessel segment length.
- the vessel radius in this case is half the vessel segment diameter. In the case of an entire vessel section, the vessel length of the vessel section must be calculated and the vessel radius is half the mean vessel diameter of the vessel section.
- Another characteristic can thereby determine that from the average vessel diameters of the vessel segments, which are the inner boundary of the annular measuring range closest and the average vessel diameters of the vessel segments, which are the outer boundary of the annular measuring range closest ', in each case an inner and an external value for a central equivalent artery, a central equivalent vein, and an arterio-venous ratio is formed.
- For the vessel sections can be formed as further characteristics a seventh, eighth and ninth characteristic
- first parameter focal narrowing Nl percentage threshold for Nl x average diameter of the vessel section / 100%
- second characteristic variable focal narrowing N2 percentage threshold for N2 x seventh characteristic / 100%
- third parameter focal narrowness N3 percentage threshold for N3 x eighth parameter / 100%
- fourth parameter focal narrowness N4 percentage threshold for N4 x ninth parameter / 100%
- the method according to the invention makes it possible, both manually and manually, to manually mark the vessel segments, to manually assign them to vessel sections and to the type of vessel, with which they can then be measured by automatic or semi-automatic measuring modules. This is very expensive and error-prone. According to the invention, however, a comparative measurement can already be fully automatic.
- the use of vessel followers is possible, in which case not all vessel segments must be marked and assigned by hand, but only the starting segment for the vessel follower, which then recognizes the other vessel segments of the vessel section, follows them and the vessel segments for measuring the Messr ⁇ odul which then determines the vessel segment diameter.
- Characteristics can thus be determined much more effectively with the method according to the invention since the measuring and evaluation time is drastically reduced in all the described embodiments. Since the parameters have a high degree of objectivity due to the reduction of subjective influences, a comparison of parameters in comparison images even without reference measurement is considerably more reproducible and more accurate than in the known technical solutions. This has a particularly advantageous effect on the risk assessment, which now no longer needs to be compared to barely distinguishable populations of different risk groups with high variability (but can still be), but can be traced back to individual detectable changes in the course of events.
- a vessel segmentation recognizes the vessel segments and their differentiated according to arteries and veins type of vessel detects coordinates of the vessel segments in the image and along the recognized vessel sections and image coordinates selecting a sequence of contiguous vascular segments and providing vascular segment storage in which storage and archival of vascular segment data with the vascular segment diameter determined by the vessel diameter determination device for each vessel segment, together with the associated image coordinates, associated vascular segment, the associated vessel type and a reference to the evaluated image takes place.
- the agents according to the invention can be integrated in one device as well as used spatially separated from each other, so that z. B. image acquisition, evaluation and presentation can be made at different locations, with a remote data transmission of images or Evaluation results, z. B. over the Internet or other media can be done.
- the measuring device for vessel diameter determination and the means for recognizing and differentiating the vessel sections according to the artery and vein are preferably automatically operating means, so that the determination of the vessel segment diameter and the assignment to the vessel type can take place automatically.
- the device according to the invention can be further developed in a particularly advantageous manner by further comprising: comparison means for comparing the relative images to temporally offset reference images: means for identical retrieval of vessel segments containing a coordinate conversion from the image coordinates of the vessel segments in the reference image the image coordinates for calculated identical vessel segments in the comparison image, and a measured value and kennierenpezifische differences between a reference image and at least one comparison image determining subtractor, each of which forms differences between the measured vessel segment diameters and the characteristics and color-coded spatially resolved differences and coordinates correct in the reference image to different course images.
- the selection of reference and comparison images can serve a picture selection device.
- a vascular analysis protocol unit can also be provided, which creates vascular analysis protocols and status images in which the diameter of the vessel segments or the spatially resolved parameters for a clear assessment, eg. B. color-coded in the fundus image, are shown.
- the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the schematic drawing.
- the figure shows a device for retinal vessel analysis in a block diagram
- a nonmydriatic or mydriatic retinal camera 2 is provided with digital imaging or a digitizing system for fundus photography, which communicates with a computer 3 and communicates with the input medium 4 serving for interactive operation, such as e.g. As keyboard and mouse, and output media 5, such as screen and printer, are connected to the dialog and the result presentation and -ausgäbe.
- a computer 3 communicates with the input medium 4 serving for interactive operation, such as e.g. As keyboard and mouse
- output media 5 such as screen and printer
- a preferably used imaging system 6 is used for recording, storage and archiving of image and patient data, via an image recognition (BiId-ID) for each frame EB a referenced connection between the stored in the imaging system 6 patient and examination data P and U, such ,
- the vessel segment datasets GSi can be produced.
- other means may be provided which store at least data for unambiguous identification of the patient, the examined eye, the examination date and the examination time in unambiguous relation to the image. It is irrelevant whether this is done in a database or directly in additional memory areas of the image, such as according to the DICOM standard, in which the data are stored firmly connected to the image.
- An automatic vascular detection 7-1 is used for automatic vascular-dependent detection of vascular segments GS, which also takes place depending on the type of vessel (artery or vein) and the image coordinates in an image and at the same time assigns the vascular segment of a vessel section.
- the vessel segment GS is to be understood as the smallest unit of a vessel that is geometrically resolved by an indicated or dispensed vessel segment diameter, many vessel segments GS forming the vessel, in particular a vessel section, along the course of the vessel, since a ring-shaped measuring area is formed around the papilla and the data contained therein is evaluated Vessels are examined as vessel sections.
- Detected vessel segments GSd are transferred to a measuring device for vessel diameter determination 7-2, which automatically measures one vessel diameter per detected vessel segment GSd along a vessel section. Under certain circumstances, it should be taken into consideration that a vascular segment diameter can not be determined from each vessel segment GSd.
- the vessel segment diameter is at least one measuring point in the vessel segment GSd, but preferably of several measuring points determined by subsequent averaging.
- the latter has, in addition to increased measurement reliability, the advantage of being able to correct the tilt of the course of the vessel against the measuring line.
- the determined (average) vessel segment diameter can be displayed, output and possibly stored, while the only temporarily stored individual measured values are discarded by the measuring points and are no longer available for further processing with the presence of the vessel segment diameter after its calculation.
- the automatic vial detection 7-1 and the vessel diameter determination device 7-2 are designed as separate means or form a common means and whether the detection of the vessel segments GS, the detection of the vessel type, the measurement of the diameters, the determination of the Image coordinates and the assignment of the vessel segments GS to a vessel section in individual steps or arbitrarily summarized or only in one step, for. B. by a vascular tracker done, the segmented over the measuring range and also recognizes its starting points themselves.
- the vessel segments GS are permanently stored with their allocations and average vessel segment diameters and are thus available for subsequent evaluations.
- those vessel segments GSd are transferred with this as vessel segments GSi to a vessel segment memory 7-3 in order to be stored and archived with their assignment to the evaluated individual image EB, the vessel section, the vessel type and the image coordinates as well as to a reference image RB to become.
- each vessel segment gets its own Data set containing the vessel segment diameter, the vessel segment coordinates in the evaluated image, the association with the vessel section, the association with the type of vessel (artery or vein) and a reference to the evaluated image.
- An evaluation unit 7-4 for determining characteristic parameters in the vessel analysis calculates and temporarily stores parameters KG from the data sets to the vessel segments GSi.
- Such characteristics KG are u. a. the central equivalent of arteries AZ ⁇ and the central equivalent of veins VZ ⁇ , which summarize using a known model formula the determined diameters of the arterial and venous vessels located in an annular measurement area around the papilla and the ratio AZA (PSH) / VZA (PSH) from both parameters , the arterio-venous ratio (AV (PSH) ratio).
- vascular analysis protocol unit 7-5 The logging of the individual image results obtained in the vessel analysis is a vascular analysis protocol unit 7-5.
- Vascular analysis protocols and state images are created in which the vessel segment diameter or the spatially resolved parameters for clear assessment z. B. are shown color-coded.
- An image selector 8 serves to select first images to be examined or a reference image RB together with an associated comparison image VB or with comparison image sequences. Comparison images VB are temporally offset from a reference image RB taken images with which changes to the patient's eye can be detected. If reference measurements are to be carried out, the image selection device 8 initially offers all eligible, already evaluated images of the same patient eye for selection. Thereafter, all other images of this patient's eye, which have already been evaluated or not evaluated, are offered as a comparison image for selection. In this case, an entire comparison image sequence can be compiled, which can be processed sequentially with reference to a reference image.
- Suitable means for coordinate conversion are well known in the art and calculate the displacement vectors of identical pixels between two images.
- image correlation methods can be used which only determine the displacement in two perpendicular coordinates, so that the same displacement coordinates would apply to all pixels. But more precise are methods that can calculate a displacement vector segment or pixel by pixel.
- a difference former 7-6 is provided for determining differences between a reference image RB and at least one comparison image VB for measuring values and characteristic variables, and for generating progress or change images or diagrams for the parameters, for which differences are formed between the measured vessel segment diameters and the characteristics ,
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/663,380 US8098908B2 (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2005-09-21 | Method and device for analyzing the retinal vessels by means of digital images |
JP2007531596A JP4990143B2 (ja) | 2004-09-21 | 2005-09-21 | デジタル画像で網膜血管を分析するための方法および装置 |
DE112005002929T DE112005002929A5 (de) | 2004-09-21 | 2005-09-21 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur retalinen Gefässanalyse anhand digitaler Bilder |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004046141 | 2004-09-21 | ||
DE102004046141.4 | 2004-09-21 |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006032261A1 true WO2006032261A1 (de) | 2006-03-30 |
WO2006032261A8 WO2006032261A8 (de) | 2006-06-08 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/DE2005/001680 WO2006032261A1 (de) | 2004-09-21 | 2005-09-21 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur retinalen gefässanalyse anhand digitaler bilder |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8098908B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4990143B2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE112005002929A5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006032261A1 (de) |
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JP2007283105A (ja) * | 2006-04-18 | 2007-11-01 | Imedos Gmbh | 網膜血管を分析する装置及び方法 |
WO2009124679A1 (de) * | 2008-04-09 | 2009-10-15 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Verfahren zur automatisierten detektion und segmentierung der papille in fundusaufnahmen |
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DE102006002259A1 (de) * | 2006-01-17 | 2007-07-19 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Untersuchung von Gefäßen eines Patienten auf der Grundlage von innerhalb eines Untersuchungsbereichs mit einem Tomographiegerät erfassten Bilddaten |
AU2009234503B2 (en) | 2008-04-08 | 2014-01-16 | National University Of Singapore | Retinal image analysis systems and methods |
US7856135B1 (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2010-12-21 | Aibili—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image | System for analyzing ocular fundus images |
KR101124039B1 (ko) * | 2010-09-02 | 2012-03-23 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | 광학적 망막 특성 측정 장치 |
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WO2016116370A1 (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2016-07-28 | Statumanu Icp Aps | Method and apparatus for non-invasive assessment of intracranial pressure |
JP6843521B2 (ja) | 2016-04-28 | 2021-03-17 | キヤノン株式会社 | 画像処理装置及び画像処理方法 |
JP7341874B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-26 | 2023-09-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | 画像処理装置、画像処理方法、及びプログラム |
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WO2009124679A1 (de) * | 2008-04-09 | 2009-10-15 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Verfahren zur automatisierten detektion und segmentierung der papille in fundusaufnahmen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE112005002929A5 (de) | 2007-08-30 |
JP2008513067A (ja) | 2008-05-01 |
JP4990143B2 (ja) | 2012-08-01 |
US20080107310A1 (en) | 2008-05-08 |
WO2006032261A8 (de) | 2006-06-08 |
US8098908B2 (en) | 2012-01-17 |
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