WO2006030490A1 - 冷凍機油組成物 - Google Patents
冷凍機油組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006030490A1 WO2006030490A1 PCT/JP2004/013367 JP2004013367W WO2006030490A1 WO 2006030490 A1 WO2006030490 A1 WO 2006030490A1 JP 2004013367 W JP2004013367 W JP 2004013367W WO 2006030490 A1 WO2006030490 A1 WO 2006030490A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sulfur compound
- oil composition
- machine oil
- refrigerating machine
- mass
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- -1 polyol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 3
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NZQMQVJXSRMTCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methyl-hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(C)CC(O)=O NZQMQVJXSRMTCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)Cl VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenyl glycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COC1=CC=CC=C1 FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZWAJLVLEBYIOTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene oxide Chemical compound C1CCCC2OC21 ZWAJLVLEBYIOTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FWFSEYBSWVRWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene oxide Natural products O=C1CCCC=C1 FWFSEYBSWVRWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJKGDNKYTKCJKD-BPOCMEKLSA-N (1s,4r,5s,6r)-1,2,3,4,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)[C@]2(Cl)[C@H](C(=O)O)[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@]1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl DJKGDNKYTKCJKD-BPOCMEKLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(=O)N)=CC2=C1 GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYFLWBNQFMXCPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1C HYFLWBNQFMXCPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOXRGHGHQYWXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octylsulfanyloctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCSCCCCCCCC LOXRGHGHQYWXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCTONCPZMJYQLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecylsulfanyltetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCSCCCCCCCCCCCCCC OCTONCPZMJYQLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEHIXSKXGCIKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C1=NN=C(CCl)O1 GEHIXSKXGCIKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXIQYSLFEXIOAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)sulfanyl-5-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1SC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C1C HXIQYSLFEXIOAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMJRBWINMFUUDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-thienylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CS1 SMJRBWINMFUUDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWQSAIIDOMEEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-Dimethyl-4-(3-oxobutyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC1CC(=O)OC1(C)C AWQSAIIDOMEEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQJUJGAVDBINPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-thioxanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 PQJUJGAVDBINPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000254158 Lampyridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005643 Pelargonic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenanthrene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005437 stratosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVIJJXMXTUZIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thianthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 GVIJJXMXTUZIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007979 thiazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel refrigeration oil composition, and particularly to a refrigeration oil composition excellent in lubricity using a natural refrigerant.
- a mixed liquid of refrigerant and lubricating oil circulates in the sealed system. It has a structure to do.
- conventional chlorofluorocarbons such as dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) and chlorodifluoromethane (R-22) have been used as refrigerants, and a number of lubricants used in combination with them. Oil has been produced and used.
- fluorocarbon compounds that have been used as conventional refrigerants may cause environmental pollution such as destruction of the ozone layer in the stratosphere when released into the atmosphere.
- Hydride fluorocarbons and fluorocarbons such as 1, 1, 1, 2—tetrafluoroethane (R—134a) have come to be used.
- Hydrofluorocarbons, etc. have no risk of destroying the ozone layer, but they have a long life in the atmosphere and are therefore feared to have an impact on global warming.
- the use of refrigerants has been considered.
- phosphorus-based additives typified by tricresyl phosphate (TCP) have been used as an extreme pressure agent in refrigerator oil compositions.
- TCP tricresyl phosphate
- phosphorus-based extreme pressure agents have the problem that they are denatured and sludged due to pyrolysis, calo-hydrolysis, and tribochemical reaction on the friction surface.
- the phosphorus additive is consumed when it is altered and sludged, the lubrication performance over a long period of time cannot be maintained, and seizure and wear may occur.
- Refrigerator lubricating oil compositions using conventional chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants have been added chlorofluorocarbons that have an organic sulfur compound added, are excellent in heat resistance and wear resistance, and are less susceptible to changes in temperature.
- a sulfur-containing lubricating oil having performance with excellent solubility has been proposed (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 in the lubricating oil composition for chlorofluorocarbon refrigerators, an organic sulfur compound is used. The content is important, and the organic sulfur compound may be naturally present in the mineral oil when, for example, mineral oil is used as the base oil.
- sufficient wear resistance and extreme pressure cannot be imparted only by controlling the sulfur content. I got it.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-103594
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is a refrigerator using a natural refrigerant that can maintain lubricating performance for a long period of time and does not block capillaries in the refrigeration cycle. It is an object of the present invention to provide a lubricating oil composition.
- a refrigerator oil containing a specific organic sulfur compound in a specific base oil is a natural refrigerant. It has been found that the use of can keep the lubrication performance over a long period of time and does not block the capillary in the freezing cycle. The present invention has been completed based on such knowledge.
- the present invention relates to (A) a polyalkylene glycol, polyol ester, poly- ⁇ - olefin, alkylbenzene, and a base oil having at least one kind of power selected from mineral oil, and (ii) organic sulfur having a sulfur content of 35% by mass or less.
- a refrigerating machine oil composition comprising a compound and a refrigerant comprising at least one selected from (C) carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons and ammonia, wherein the total sulfur content is the total amount of ( ⁇ ) component and ( ⁇ ) component
- the refrigerating machine oil composition is provided in an amount of 0.01 to 0. 1% by mass.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a clogging clog tester.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention uses at least one selected from (A) polyalkylene glycol, polyol ester, poly- ⁇ -olefin, alkylbenzene, and mineral oil as the base oil.
- the polyalkylene glycol is preferably one represented by the following general formula (I).
- R 1 is hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an acyl group or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 bonding sites
- R 2 is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms
- R 3 is hydrogen, an alkyl group or acyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- n is an integer of 1 to 6
- m is an integer having an average value of m X n of 6 to 80.
- the alkyl group may be linear, branched, cyclic, or misaligned. Specific examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, various butyl groups, various pentyl groups, various hexyl groups, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and the like.
- the carbon number of the alkyl group is preferably 10 or less, and if it is 10 or less, sufficient compatibility with the refrigerant can be obtained.
- the alkyl part of the acyl group may be linear, branched, or cyclic, and may be shifted! /.
- alkyl moiety of the acyl group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, various butyl groups, various pentyl groups, various hexyl groups, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and the like.
- the number of carbon atoms of the acyl group is the same as that of the alkyl group. It is preferable that it is 10 or less. If it is 10 or less, sufficient compatibility with the refrigerant can be obtained.
- R 1 and R 3 may be the same or different from each other.
- R 1 or R 3 is hydrogen and the other is an alkyl group. 1 to 3 alkyl groups, particularly a methyl group is preferred. In addition, it is preferable that both R 1 and R 3 are alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and it is particularly preferable that both of R 1 and R 3 are methyl groups.
- the base oil of the present invention a mixture of plural types of polyalkylene glycols can be used.
- polyol ester examples include carboxylic acid esters of polyhydric hydroxy compounds containing at least two hydroxyl groups.
- those represented by the following general formula (II) are preferable.
- R 4 is a hydrocarbon group
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms
- f is an integer of 2-6
- a plurality of [OCOR 5 ] may be the same or different! /.
- the hydrocarbon group represented by R 4 is linear or branched! /, And may be any alkyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. It is.
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 2 to 16 carbon atoms.
- the polyol ester represented by the general formula (II) is represented by the following general formula (III):
- R 5 is the same as defined above and can be obtained by reacting a reactive derivative such as an ester thereof or an acid halide.
- polyhydric alcohol represented by the general formula (III) various alcohols can be used.
- ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, neopentinoglycolanol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane examples include glycerin, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, and sorbitol.
- the carboxylic acid represented is not particularly limited.
- propionic acid for example, propionic acid, butyric acid, bivalric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, heptanoic acid, 3-methylhexanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, force prillic acid,
- Examples include pelargonic acid, decanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid.
- a plurality of types of polyol esters can be mixed and used.
- Poly- ⁇ -year-old refin is an oligomer of ⁇ -olefin having about 3-12 carbon atoms, preferably having a molecular weight of 200-5000, and having a molecular weight of 300-2000. preferable.
- the base oil of the present invention it is possible to use a mixture of a plurality of types of poly- ⁇ -age refin.
- Alkylbenzene is obtained by polymerizing aromatics such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, methylethylbenzene, jetylbenzene and mixtures thereof, lower monoolefins such as ethylene, propylene, butene, and isobutylene, and propylene.
- the number of alkyl groups contained in the benzene of the alkyl benzene is 1 to 3, and those containing many alkyl benzenes having two alkyl groups are particularly preferable.
- the base oil of the present invention can be used by mixing a plurality of types of alkylbenzenes.
- the mineral oil used as the base oil of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include paraffinic mineral oil, naphthenic mineral oil and the like. Those having a sulfur content of 200 mass ppm or less are preferred.
- the sulfur content in the mineral oil varies depending on the sulfur content in the crude oil used as a raw material, but it is preferable to refine it so that it becomes 200 mass ppm or less.
- As the base oil of the present invention plural kinds of mineral oils can be mixed and used.
- the base oil (A) used in the present invention those described above are preferably used.
- polyalkylene glycol, polyol ester, poly ⁇ -olefin, Alkylbenzene is particularly preferable from the viewpoints of stability and evaporation loss.
- these can be used individually by 1 type or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- the base oil used in the present invention has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C of 3-1000 mm 2 Zs Is preferred. If it is 3 mm 2 Zs or more, sufficient lubrication performance can be obtained, and if it is 1000 mm 2 Zs or less, energy efficiency is increased without applying excessive load force. From the above viewpoints, the kinematic viscosity of the base oil at 40 ° C is preferably in the range of 5 – 500 mm 2 Zs, and more preferably in the range of 5 to 150 mm 2 / s! /.
- the present invention is characterized in that the component (B) contains an organic sulfur compound having a sulfur content of 35% by mass or less. If the sulfur content exceeds 35 mass%, alteration or sludge formation may occur. Specifically, polysulfide containing 3 or more sulfur in one molecule has such a risk. In addition, it is preferable that the sulfur content is more than 5% by mass because the amount of component (B) can be reduced.
- Examples of the (B) organic sulfur compound preferably used in the present invention include an aliphatic sulfur compound, a bicyclic sulfur compound, and an aromatic sulfur compound.
- the aliphatic sulfur compound preferably has 12 or more carbon atoms, more preferably 14 or more, and particularly preferably 18 or more. Specific examples include dioctylsulfide, didodecylsulfide, ditetradecylsulfide and the like.
- the heterocyclic sulfur compound preferably has 8 or more carbon atoms, more preferably 10 or more carbon atoms, and more preferably 12 or more carbon atoms. preferable. Specific examples include benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, phenothiazine, benzothiapyran, thiapyran, thianthrene, dibenzothiapyran, diphenol-disulfide, and alkyl derivatives thereof.
- the aromatic sulfur compound preferably has 12 or more carbon atoms, and more preferably has 16 or more carbon atoms.
- Specific examples include 4,4′-thiobis (3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), diphenylsulfuride, dioctyldisulfursulfide, and dialkyldiphenylsulfane sulfide.
- organic sulfur compounds other than aliphatic sulfur compounds, heterocyclic sulfur compounds, and aromatic sulfur compounds having 8 or more carbon atoms can also be used.
- organic sulfur compounds diphenol-disulfide, phenothiazine, and dialkyl-lenssulfide are preferably used.
- the sulfur content in the refrigerating machine oil composition of the present invention must be 0.01 to 0.1% by mass based on the total amount of the component (A) and the component (B). To do. If the sulfur content is 0.01 mass% or more, sufficient lubrication performance can be achieved, and if it is 0.1 mass% or less, generation of sludge due to alteration or the like can be sufficiently suppressed. . From the above viewpoint, the sulfur content is 0. 02-0. 05 mass 0/0 of that force element Mashiku range, more preferably in the range of 035 wt% 0. 025- 0..
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention can be mixed with additives usually used in refrigerating machine oil compositions, and in particular, an antioxidant, an acid scavenger and an antifoaming agent. Is preferred.
- the anti-oxidation agent there are no particular restrictions on the anti-oxidation agent, and for example, phenol-based anti-oxidation agents and amine-based antioxidants can be used.
- the acid scavenger is blended in the refrigerator oil composition for the purpose of caro-water decomposition stability.
- phenol glycidyl ether, alkyl glycidyl ether, alkylene glycol glycidyl ether, cyclohexene oxide, ⁇ - And epoxy compounds such as olefin oxide and epoxidized soybean oil.
- phenol glycidyl ether alkyl glycidyl ether, alkylene glycol glycidyl ether, cyclohexene oxide, and ⁇ -olefin oxide are preferred in terms of compatibility.
- the antifoaming agent include silicone oil and fluorosilicone oil.
- additives such as a copper deactivator such as benzotriazole or a derivative thereof can be added as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- a copper deactivator such as benzotriazole or a derivative thereof
- Each of these additives is usually added in the range of 0.005 to 5% by mass.
- the refrigerant used in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is at least one selected from carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons and ammonia power.
- the hydrocarbon is usually used as a refrigerant, and examples thereof include propane, butane, and a mixture thereof.
- the content of these refrigerants in the refrigerator oil composition is usually in the range of 10-99% by mass. The If it is 10% by mass or more, sufficient refrigeration capacity can be exhibited. If it is 99% by mass or less, a sufficient amount of lubricating oil is present and there is no problem of seizure or wear. From the above viewpoint, the range of 30 to 95% by mass is more preferable.
- the refrigerating machine oil composition of the present invention can be used for various applications, for example, for air conditioning, refrigerator, gas heat pump (GHP), vending machine, showcase freezing, car air conditioner. It can be used for water heating, floor heating, etc.
- GTP gas heat pump
- a refrigerator oil composition prepared by the method described in each example and comparative example was placed in a glass tube having an internal volume of 10 ml, and copper, aluminum, and iron metal catalysts were added.
- the glass tube was sealed and kept at 175 ° C for 30 days, and then the appearance of the refrigerating machine oil composition, the appearance of copper, and the presence or absence of sludge were evaluated.
- the amount of wear was determined according to ASTM D2670 using a sealed Falex friction tester.
- the test conditions were a load of 1335 N, a rotation speed of 300 rpm, a temperature of 80 ° C., a test time of 1 hour, a pin force of SAISIC1137, and a block of SAE3135.
- This test apparatus 1 is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-183334, and includes a compressor 2, a capillary pipe 3 serving as a means for reducing temperature and pressure, a discharge port 2A of the compressor 2, and an inlet 3 of the capillary pipe 3 In the middle of the high-temperature side flow path 4 that connects A, the low-temperature side flow path 5 that connects the outlet 3B of the exhaust pipe 3 and the suction port 2B of the compressor 2, and the high-temperature side flow path 4 and the low-temperature side flow path 5.
- a heat exchanger 6 for exchanging heat between refrigerants between the flow paths 4 and 5, and on the high-temperature side flow path 4 between the compressor 2 and the heat exchange 6 on the discharge side.
- a pressure gauge 7 is provided, and a suction side pressure gauge 8 is provided between the heat exchanger 6 and the compressor 2 on the low temperature side flow path 5, and below it.
- a valve 9 for connecting a vacuum pump is provided on the flow side.
- the suction side pressure (Ps) is 0.4 MPa
- the discharge side pressure (Pd) is 3.3 MPa
- the heat exchange m «inlet temperature (Td) is 110 ° C
- the heat exchange outlet temperature (Ts) is 30. ° C.
- the test was conducted using isobutane (R600a) as the refrigerant, mixing 400 g of sample oil (total amount of component (A) and component (B)) and the amount of refrigerant.
- Refrigerating machine oil composed of (A) base oil and (B) specific organic compound shown in Table 1 was prepared and evaluated by the above evaluation method. The results are shown in Table 1.
- A-2 Polyethylene glycol polypropylene glycol copolymer dimethyl ether (40 ° C viscosity; 100mm 2 Zs)
- A- -6 Norafine mineral oil (40 ° C viscosity; 90mm 2 Zs, sulfur content 5 mass ppm or less)
- A--7 naphthenic mineral oil (viscosity at 40 ° C; 10mm 2 Zs, sulfur content 107 mass ppm)
- A- -8 naphthenic mineral oil (40 ° C viscosity; 56mm 2 Zs, sulfur content 3000 mass ppm)
- the novel refrigerating machine oil composition of the present invention can maintain lubrication performance for a long period without environmental problems such as destruction of the ozone layer and global warming, and does not clog the cavities in the refrigeration cycle. Therefore, for air conditioning, refrigerator, gas heat pump (GHP), It can be suitably used for refrigeration such as vending machines and showcases, for car air conditioners, for hot water supply, and for floor heating.
- GFP gas heat pump
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Abstract
本発明は、（Ａ）ポリアルキレングリコール、ポリオールエステル、ポリ−α−オレフィン、アルキルベンゼン及び鉱油から選ばれる少なくとも１種からなる基油、（Ｂ）硫黄の含有量が３５質量％以下の有機硫黄化合物及び（Ｃ）炭酸ガス、炭化水素及びアンモニアから選ばれる少なくとも１種からなる冷媒を含有する冷凍機油組成物であって、全硫黄の含有量が（Ａ）成分と（Ｂ）成分の合計量に対し０．０１～０．１質量％である冷凍機油組成物であり、オゾン層の破壊や地球温暖化などの環境問題がなく、長期間において潤滑性能を維持でき、かつ冷凍サイクル内のキャピラリーを閉塞させることがない新規な冷凍機油組成物を提供する。
Description
明 細 書
冷凍機油組成物
技術分野
[0001] 本発明は、新規な冷凍機油組成物に関し、特に、自然系冷媒を用いた潤滑性に優 れる冷凍機油組成物に関する。
背景技術
[0002] 一般に、冷凍機、例えば圧縮機，凝縮器，膨張弁，蒸発器からなる圧縮型冷凍機 の圧縮式冷凍サイクルは、冷媒と潤滑油との混合液体がこの密閉された系内を循環 する構造となっている。このような圧縮型冷凍機には、冷媒として、従来ジクロロジフ ルォロメタン（R— 12)やクロロジフルォロメタン (R-22)等のクロ口フルォロカーボンが 用いられており、また、それと併用する多数の潤滑油が製造され使用されてきた。従 来冷媒として使用されてきたこれらのフロンィ匕合物は、大気中に放出されたときに、 成層圏に存在するオゾン層を破壊するなどの環境汚染をもたらすおそれがあることか ら、新しい冷媒として 1, 1, 1, 2—テトラフルォロェタン (R— 134a)に代表されるハイド 口フルォロカーボンやフルォロカーボンなどが使用されるようになってきた。このハイ ドロフルォロカーボン等は、オゾン層を破壊するおそれがないが、大気中での寿命が 長 、ため地球温暖化への影響が懸念され、近年このような問題のな!ヽ自然系冷媒の 使用が考えられてきた。
[0003] 一方、冷凍機油組成物には極圧剤として、トリクレジルホスフェート (TCP)に代表さ れるリン系の添加剤が使用されていた。しカゝしながら、リン系の極圧剤は熱分解やカロ 水分解、さらには摩擦面におけるトライボケミカル反応等により変質し、スラッジ化す るという問題があった。また、変質し、スラッジ化することにより、リン系添加剤は消耗 するため、長期間にわたる潤滑性能を維持できず、焼付、摩耗に至る場合があった。
[0004] 従来のフロン系冷媒を用いた冷凍機用潤滑油組成物にお!ヽて、有機硫黄化合物 を添加し、耐熱性、耐摩耗性に優れ、温度変化に対し粘度変化が少なぐフロン溶解 性に優れた性能を有する硫黄含有潤滑油が提案されている (特許文献 1)。特許文 献 1によれば、該フロン系の冷凍機用潤滑油組成物においては、有機硫黄化合物の
含有量が重要であり、有機硫黄化合物は、例えば基油として鉱油を用いた場合には 、鉱油中に天然に存在するものであってもよいとされている。しかしながら、自然系冷 媒を用いた冷凍機用潤滑油組成物にお!ヽては、硫黄含有量を制御することのみで は、十分な耐摩耗性、極圧性を付与することができなカゝつた。
[0005] 特許文献 1：特開昭 58— 103594号公報
発明の開示
[0006] 本発明は、前記の課題を解決するためになされたもので、長期間にわたって潤滑 性能を維持でき、かつ冷凍サイクル内のキヤピラリーを閉塞させることのない、自然系 冷媒を用いた冷凍機用潤滑油組成物を提供することを目的とするものである。
本発明者は、前記の特性を有する冷凍機用潤滑油組成物を開発すべく鋭意研究 を重ねた結果、特定の基油に特定の有機硫黄化合物を含有させた冷凍機油が、自 然系冷媒を用いた場合に、長期間にわたって潤滑性能を維持でき、かつ冷凍サイク ル内のキヤピラリーを閉塞させることがないことを見出した。本発明は、かかる知見に 基づ 、て完成したものである。
すなわち、本発明は、（A)ポリアルキレングリコール、ポリオールエステル、ポリ— α ーォレフイン、アルキルベンゼン及び鉱油力も選ばれる少なくとも 1種力もなる基油、（ Β)硫黄の含有量が 35質量％以下の有機硫黄化合物及び (C)炭酸ガス、炭化水素 及びアンモニアから選ばれる少なくとも 1種からなる冷媒を含有する冷凍機油組成物 であって、全硫黄の含有量が (Α)成分と (Β)成分の合計量に対し 0. 01-0. 1質量 %である冷凍機油組成物を提供するものである。
図面の簡単な説明
[0007] [図 1]キヤビラリ一詰まり試験機を示す図である。
符号の説明
[0008] 1.キヤビラリ一詰まり試験機
2.圧縮機
2Α.圧縮機入口
2Β.圧縮機出口
3.キヤビラリ一管
3A.キヤビラリ一管入口
3B.キヤビラリ一管出口
4.高温側流路
5.低温側流路
6.熱交換器
7.吐出側圧力計
8.吸入側圧力計
9.真空ポンプ接続用バルブ
10.模擬循環系
発明を実施するための最良の形態
[0009] 本発明の潤滑油組成物は、基油として (A)ポリアルキレングリコール、ポリオールェ ステル、ポリ— α—ォレフィン、アルキルベンゼン及び鉱油力 選ばれる少なくとも 1種 を用いる。
[0010] ポリアルキレングリコールとしては、下記一般式 (I)で示されるものが好ましい。
R -[ (OR2) -OR3] · · · (I)
m n
ここで、 R1は水素、炭素数 1一 10のアルキル基、ァシル基又は結合部位 2— 6個を 有する脂肪族炭化水素基、 R2は炭素数 2— 4のアルキレン基であって、単独重合体 、共重合体のいずれであってもよい。 R3は水素、炭素数 1一 10のアルキル基又はァ シル基、 nは 1一 6の整数、 mは m X nの平均値が 6— 80となる整数である。
[0011] アルキル基としては、直鎖状、分枝鎖状、環状の 、ずれであってもよ 、。該アルキ ル基の具体例としては、メチル基、ェチル基、 n—プロピル基、イソプロピル基、各種 ブチル基、各種ペンチル基、各種へキシル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロへキシル基 等が挙げられる。該アルキル基の炭素数としては、 10以下であることが好ましぐ 10 以下であると冷媒との十分な相溶性が得られる。
[0012] またァシル基のアルキル部分は直鎖状、分枝鎖状、環状の 、ずれであってもよ!/、。
該ァシル基のアルキル部分の具体例としては、メチル基、ェチル基、 n—プロピル基、 イソプロピル基、各種ブチル基、各種ペンチル基、各種へキシル基、シクロペンチル 基、シクロへキシル基等が挙げられる。該ァシル基の炭素数も、アルキル基と同様に
10以下であることが好ましぐ 10以下であると冷媒との十分な相溶性が得られる。 上記 R1及び R3は同一でも、互いに異なってもよい。本発明においては、上記 (I)式 で表されるポリアルキレングリコールのうち、 R1又は R3のいずれかが水素であり、他方 がアルキル基である場合が好ましぐ該アルキル基が炭素数 1一 3のアルキル基、特 にはメチル基である場合が好ましい。また、 R1及び R3のいずれもが炭素数 1一 3のァ ルキル基である場合も好ましぐ特に R1及び R3の 、ずれもがメチル基である場合が好 ましい。本発明の基油としては、複数種のポリアルキレングリコールを混合して使用す ることがでさる。
[0013] ポリオールエステルとしては、少なくとも 2個の水酸基を含む多価ヒドロキシィ匕合物 のカルボン酸エステルが挙げられ、例えば下記一般式 (II)で示されるものが好ま 、
R4[OCOR5] - - - (II)
f
ここで、 R4は炭化水素基、 R5は水素原子又は炭素数 1一 22の炭化水素基、 fは 2— 6の整数を示し、複数ある [OCOR5]は同一でも異なってもよ!/、。
[0014] 上記一般式 (II)にお 、て、 R4で示される炭化水素基は、直鎖状，分岐鎖状の!/、ず れでもよぐ好ましくは炭素数 2— 10のアルキル基である。 R5は水素原子又は炭素数 1一 22の炭化水素基であり、好ましくは炭素数 2— 16のアルキル基である。上記一 般式 (II)で表されるポリオールエステルは、下記一般式 (III)
R4 (OH) - - - (III)
f
(式中、 R4及び fは前記と同じである。）で表される多価アルコールと、下記一般式（ IV)
R5COOH - - - (IV)
(式中、 R5は前記と同じである。）で表されるカルボン酸又はそのエステルや酸ノヽライ ドなどの反応性誘導体を反応させることにより得ることができる。
[0015] 上記一般式（III)で表される多価アルコールとしては、種々のものを用いることができ 、例えばエチレングリコール，プロピレングリコール，ブチレングリコール，ネオペンチ ノレグリコーノレ， トリメチロールェタン， トリメチロールプロパン，グリセリン，ペンタエリスリ トール，ジペンタエリスリトール，ソルビトールなどを挙げることができる。一方、（IV)で
表されるカルボン酸としては、特に限定されないが、例えばプロピオン酸，酪酸，ビバ リン酸，吉草酸，カプロン酸，ヘプタン酸， 3—メチルへキサン酸， 2—ェチルへキサン 酸，力プリル酸，ペラルゴン酸，デカン酸，ラウリル酸，ミリスチン酸，パルミチン酸など を挙げることができる。本発明の基油としては、複数種のポリオールエステルを混合し て使用することができる。
[0016] ポリ—α—才レフインは、炭素数 3— 12程度の α—ォレフィンのオリゴマーであり、分 子量が 200— 5000であることが好ましぐさらに分子量が 300— 2000であることが 好ましい。本発明の基油としては、複数種のポリ— α—才レフインを混合して使用する ことができる。
[0017] アルキルベンゼンは、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、ェチルベンゼン、メチルェチル ベンゼン、ジェチルベンゼンおよびこれらの混合物等の芳香族を、エチレン、プロピ レン、ブテン、イソブチレン等の低級モノォレフィン、プロピレンの重合によって得られ る炭素数 6— 40の分岐鎖状のォレフィン、ワックス，重質油，石油留分，ポリエチレン ,ポリプロピレン等の熱分解によって得られる炭素数 6— 40の分岐鎖状のォレフィン 等をアルキル化剤でアルキル化したものである。アルキルベンゼンのベンゼンが有す るアルキル基の数は 1一 3であり、特に 2つのアルキル基を有するアルキルベンゼン を多く含有するものが好ましい。なお、本発明の基油としては、複数種のアルキルべ ンゼンを混合して使用することができる。
[0018] 本発明の基油として用いる鉱油としては、特に限定されず、パラフィン系鉱油、ナフ テン系鉱油等が挙げられる力 硫黄含有量が 200質量 ppm以下のものが好ま 、。 鉱油中の硫黄含有量は、原料となる原油中の硫黄含有量によって異なるが、 200質 量 ppm以下となるように精製することが好ましい。本発明の基油としては、複数種の 鉱油を混合して使用することができる。
[0019] 以上のように、本発明で用いられる (A)基油としては、上記のものが好適に用いら れるが、これらのうち、ポリアルキレングリコール、ポリオールエステル、ポリ α—ォレ フィン、アルキルベンゼンが、安定性、蒸発減量の観点から特に好ましい。また、これ らは 1種単独で、又は 2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
[0020] 本発明で用いる（Α)基油は 40°Cにおける動粘度力 3— 1000mm2Zsであること
が好ましい。 3mm2Zs以上であると十分な潤滑性能が得られ、 1000mm2Zs以下で あると過度の負荷力きかからずに、エネルギー効率が高くなる。以上の観点から、基油 の 40°Cにおける動粘度は、 5— 500mm2Zsの範囲であることが好ましぐさらには 5 一 150mm2/sの範囲であることが好まし!/、。
[0021] 次に、本発明では (B)成分として、硫黄の含有量が 35質量％以下である有機硫黄 化合物を含有することを特徴とする。硫黄の含有量が 35質量％を超えると、変質'ス ラッジ化が生じる場合がある。具体的には、 1分子中に硫黄が 3個以上含有するよう な、ポリスルフイドはこのような危険がある。また、硫黄の含有量は 5質量％より多いこ とが（B)成分の添加量を低減できる点で好ま ヽ。
[0022] 本発明で好ましく用いられる (B)有機硫黄ィ匕合物としては、脂肪族硫黄化合物、複 素環式硫黄化合物、芳香族硫黄化合物等が挙げられる。
脂肪族硫黄化合物としては、炭素数が 12以上であることが好ましぐさらには 14以 上、特には 18以上であることが好ましい。具体的には、ジォクチルスルフイド、ジドデ シルスルフイド、ジテトラデシルスルフイド等が挙げられる。
[0023] 複素環式硫黄ィ匕合物としては、炭素数が 8以上であることが好ましぐさらには 10以 上であることが好ましぐ特には炭素数が 12以上であることがより好ましい。具体的に は、ベンゾチォフェン、ジベンゾチォフェン、フエノチアジン、ベンゾチアピラン、チア ピラン、チアントレン、ジベンゾチアピラン、ジフエ-レンジスルフイド、及びこれらのァ ルキル誘導体が挙げられる。
[0024] 芳香族硫黄化合物としては、炭素数が 12以上であることが好ましぐさらに 16以上 であることが好ましい。具体的には、 4, 4'ーチォビス（3—メチルー 6— tーブチルフエノ ール）、ジフヱ-ルスルフイド、ジォクチルジフヱ-ルスルフイド、ジアルキルジフエ-レ ンスルフイドなどが挙げられる。
[0025] その他、炭素数が 8以上である脂肪族硫黄化合物、複素環式硫黄化合物、及び芳 香族硫黄ィ匕合物以外の有機硫黄ィ匕合物を用いることもでき、例えば、炭素数が 8以 上、好ましくは炭素数が 10以上で、分子内に S原子を 1個以上含有する有機硫黄ィ匕 合物が挙げられ、具体的には、スルフォラン、ジフエ-ルスルホキシド、ジフエニルス ルフォン、チアゾール、チアゾール誘導体、チアァダマンタン、 2—チェ-ルカルピノ
ール、チォフェン酢酸等が挙げられる。
以上の有機硫黄化合物のうち、ジフエ-レンジスルフイド、フエノチアジン、ジアルキ ルジフヱ-レンスルフイドが好ましく用いられる。
[0026] 本発明の冷凍機油組成物中での硫黄含有量は、 (A)成分と (B)成分との合計量を 基準として、 0. 01-0. 1質量％であることを必須とする。該硫黄含有量が 0. 01質 量％以上であれば、十分な潤滑性能を達成することができ、 0. 1質量％以下であれ ば、変質等によるスラッジの発生を十分抑制することができる。以上の観点から、硫黄 含有量は、 0. 02-0. 05質量0 /0の範囲であること力 子ましく、さらには 0. 025— 0. 035質量％の範囲であることが好ましい。
[0027] また、本発明の潤滑油組成物には、通常冷凍機油組成物で用いられる添加剤を配 合することができ、特に、酸化防止剤、酸補足剤及び消泡剤を添加することが好まし い。
酸ィ匕防止剤としては特に制限はなぐ例えばフエノール系酸ィ匕防止剤、アミン系酸 化防止剤などを使用することができる。酸捕捉剤は、冷凍機油組成物において、カロ 水分解安定性を目的として配合されるもので、例えば、フエ-ルグリシジルエーテル， アルキルグリシジルエーテル，アルキレングリコールグリシジルエーテル，シクロへキ センオキサイド， α—ォレフィンオキサイド，エポキシ化大豆油などのエポキシ化合物 を挙げることができる。中でも相溶性の点でフエ-ルグリシジルエーテル，アルキルグ リシジルエーテル，アルキレングリコールグリシジルエーテル，シクロへキセンォキサ イド， α—ォレフィンオキサイドが好ましい。消泡剤としては、シリコーン油ゃフッ化シリ コーン油などを挙げることができる。
また、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で他の添加剤、例えば、ベンゾトリアゾール やその誘導体などの銅不活性化剤等を添加することができる。これらの添加剤は、そ れぞれ通常 0. 005— 5質量％の範囲で添カ卩される。
[0028] 本発明の潤滑油組成物で用いられる冷媒としては、炭酸ガス、炭化水素及びアン モ-ァ力も選ばれる少なくとも 1種力もなる。ここで炭化水素とは通常冷媒として用い られるもので、例えばプロパン、ブタン、これらの混合物等が挙げられる。
冷凍機油組成物中での、これらの冷媒の含有量は通常 10— 99質量％の範囲であ
る。 10質量％以上であれば、十分な冷凍能力を発揮することができ、 99質量％以下 であると、十分な量の潤滑油が存在して、焼付や摩耗の問題がない。以上の観点か ら、 30— 95質量％の範囲がさらに好ましい。
[0029] 本発明の冷凍機油組成物は、種々の用途に用いることができ、例えば、空調用、冷 蔵庫用、ガスヒートポンプ (GHP)用、自動販売機，ショーケースの冷凍用、カーエア コン用、給湯用、床暖房用などとして使用することができる。
実施例
[0030] 次に、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明する力 本発明は、これらの例によ つてなんら限定されるものではな!/、。
(評価方法）
1.シールドチューブ試験 (熱安定性）
内容積 10mlのガラスチューブに、各実施例及び比較例に記載の方法で調製した 冷凍機油組成物を入れ、銅、アルミニウム、鉄の金属触媒を加えた。ガラスチューブ を密閉し 175°C、 30日間保持後、冷凍機油組成物の外観、銅の外観、スラッジの有 無について評価した。
2.密閉ファレックス試験 (潤滑性）
密閉式ファレックス摩擦試験機を用いて ASTM D2670に準拠して摩耗量 (mg) を求めた。なお、試験条件は、荷重 1335N、回転数 300rpm、温度 80°C、試験時間 1時間、用いたピン力 SAISIC1137、ブロックが SAE3135であった。
3.キヤビラリ一詰まり試験
図 1に示す試験機を用い、 1000時間後のキヤビラリ一流量の低下率で評価した。 この試験装置 1は、特開平 11— 183334に開示されるもので、圧縮機 2と、温圧減少 手段であるキヤビラリ一管 3と、圧縮機 2の吐出口 2Aおよびキヤビラリ一管 3の入口 3 Aを連通させる高温側流路 4と、キヤビラリ一管 3の出口 3Bおよび圧縮機 2の吸入口 2Bを連通させる低温側流路 5と、高温側流路 4および低温側流路 5の途中に設けら れて各流路 4, 5間で冷媒同士の熱交換を行う熱交換器 6とを備え、高温側流路 4上 において、圧縮機 2と熱交翻 6との間には吐出側圧力計 7が設けられ、低温側流路 5上において、熱交翻 6と圧縮機 2との間には吸入側圧力計 8が設けられ、その下
流側には真空ポンプ接続用のバルブ 9が設けられている。そして、以上の構成部品 により、冷凍機油を含んだ冷媒を循環させる模擬循環系 10が構成されている。 試験条件としては、吸入側圧力（Ps)を 0. 4MPa、吐出側圧力（Pd)を 3. 3MPa、 熱交 m«入口温度 (Td)を 110°C、熱交 出口温度 (Ts)を 30°Cとした。冷媒とし てはイソブタン (R600a)を用い、試料油（ (A)成分と (B)成分の合計量）と冷媒の量 を 400gずつ混合して試験を実施した。
実施例 1一 8、比較例 1一 7
第 1表に示す (A)基油と (B)特定の有機化合物からなる冷凍機油を調製し、上記 評価方法にて評価した。結果を第 1表に示す。
なお、ここで用いられる (A)成分及び (B)成分を示す記号は以下のとおりである。 A— 1；ポリプロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル（40°C粘度； 46mm2Zs)
A— 2；ポリエチレングリコールポリプロピレングリコール共重合体ジメチルエーテル（4 0°C粘度； 100mm2Zs)
A— 3 ;ペンタエリスリトールと 2—ェチルへキサン酸 Z3, 5, 5—トリメチルへキサン酸の 1： 1混合物とのエステル（40°C粘度； 65mm2Zs)
A- -4 ポリ— at一才レフイン（40°C粘度； 63mm2Zs)
A- -5 アルキルベンゼン（40°C粘度； 38mmVs)
A- -6 ノ ラフィン系鉱油（40°C粘度； 90mm2Zs、硫黄含有量 5質量 ppm以下）
A- -7 ナフテン系鉱油（40°C粘度； 10mm2Zs、硫黄含有量 107質量 ppm)
A- -8 ナフテン系鉱油（40°C粘度； 56mm2Zs、硫黄含有量 3000質量 ppm)
B- - 1 ンゾチォフェン (硫黄含有量 23. 9質量0 /0)
B- -2 ジベンゾチォフェン (硫黄含有量 17. 4質量0 /0)
B- -3 ジフヱ-レンジスルフイド（硫黄含有量 29. 6質量0 /0)
B- -4 フエノチアジン (硫黄含有量 16. 1質量％)
B- -5 ジフ -ルスルフイド（硫黄含有量 17. 2質量0 /0)
B- -6 ジォクチルジフエ-ルスルフイド (硫黄含有量 7. 8質量0 /0)
B- -7 ジォクチルポリスルフイド (硫黄含有量 39質量％)
B— -8 ,トリクレジルホスフェート
[0032] [表 1] 第 l表 _
[0033] [表 2]
第 1表一 2
本発明の新規な冷凍機油組成物は、オゾン層の破壊や地球温暖化などの環境問 題がなぐ長期間において潤滑性能を維持でき、かつ冷凍サイクル内のキヤビラリ一 を閉塞させることがない。従って、空調用、冷蔵庫用、ガスヒートポンプ (GHP)用、 自
動販売機，ショーケースなどの冷凍用、カーエアコン用、給湯用、床暖房用などとし て好適に使用することができる。
Claims
[1] (A)ポリアルキレングリコール、ポリオールエステル、ポリ— α—才レフイン、アルキル ベンゼン及び鉱油から選ばれる少なくとも 1種力 なる基油、（Β)硫黄の含有量が 35 質量％以下の有機硫黄化合物及び (C)炭酸ガス、炭化水素及びアンモニア力 選 ばれる少なくとも 1種からなる冷媒を含有する冷凍機油組成物であって、全硫黄の含 有量が (Α)成分と (Β)成分の合計量に対し 0. 01-0. 1質量％である冷凍機油組成 物。
[2] (A)基油の 40°Cにおける粘度が 3— 1000mm2Zsであり、かつ硫黄含有量が 200 質量 ppm以下である請求項 1に記載の冷凍機油組成物。
[3] (B)有機硫黄化合物が脂肪族硫黄化合物、複素環式硫黄化合物及び芳香族硫 黄ィ匕合物から選ばれる少なくとも 1種である請求項 1又は 2に記載の冷凍機油組成物
[4] (B)有機硫黄化合物が少なくとも炭素数 12以上の脂肪族硫黄化合物を含む請求 項 3に記載の冷凍機油組成物。
[5] (B)有機硫黄化合物が少なくとも炭素数 8以上の複素環式硫黄化合物を含む請求 項 3に記載の冷凍機油組成物。
[6] (B)有機硫黄化合物が少なくとも炭素数 12以上の芳香族硫黄化合物を含む請求 項 3に記載の冷凍機油組成物。
[7] (B)有機硫黄化合物が少なくとも炭素数 8以上である脂肪族硫黄化合物、複素環 式硫黄化合物、及び芳香族硫黄化合物以外の有機硫黄化合物を含む請求項 1又 は 2に記載の冷凍機油組成物。
[8] さらに、酸化防止剤、酸捕捉剤及び消泡剤を含有する請求項 1一 7のいずれかに 記載の冷凍機油組成物。
[9] リン系極圧剤を含有しな 、請求項 1一 8の 、ずれか〖こ記載の冷凍機油組成物。
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| JP2006534974A JP4630283B2 (ja) | 2004-09-14 | 2004-09-14 | 冷凍機油組成物 |
| US11/575,172 US7718083B2 (en) | 2004-09-14 | 2004-09-14 | Refrigerator oil composition |
| PCT/JP2004/013367 WO2006030490A1 (ja) | 2004-09-14 | 2004-09-14 | 冷凍機油組成物 |
| KR1020077005368A KR101156388B1 (ko) | 2004-09-14 | 2004-09-14 | 냉동기유 조성물 |
| CNA2004800439988A CN101018844A (zh) | 2004-09-14 | 2004-09-14 | 冷冻机油组合物 |
| EP04822285A EP1792970B1 (en) | 2004-09-14 | 2004-09-14 | Refrigerator oil composition containing an aromatic sulfur compound |
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- 2004-09-14 WO PCT/JP2004/013367 patent/WO2006030490A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-09-14 EP EP04822285A patent/EP1792970B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-09-14 JP JP2006534974A patent/JP4630283B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-14 CN CNA2004800439988A patent/CN101018844A/zh active Pending
- 2004-09-14 KR KR1020077005368A patent/KR101156388B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (24)
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| US9315707B2 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2016-04-19 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Lubricating oil composition for refrigerators |
| US10988653B2 (en) | 2006-11-02 | 2021-04-27 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Lubricating oil composition for refrigerators |
| US20130313469A1 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2013-11-28 | Masato Kaneko | Lubricating oil composition for refrigerators |
| US20160083672A1 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2016-03-24 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Lubricating oil composition for refrigerators |
| KR101530380B1 (ko) * | 2007-03-27 | 2015-06-19 | 제이엑스 닛코닛세키에너지주식회사 | 탄화수소 냉매용 냉동기유 및 그것을 사용한 냉동기 시스템 |
| JP2009138957A (ja) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-06-25 | Hitachi Appliances Inc | 冷媒圧縮機および冷凍サイクル |
| KR101196536B1 (ko) | 2007-12-04 | 2012-11-01 | 히타치 어플라이언스 가부시키가이샤 | 냉매 압축기 및 냉동 사이클 |
| WO2009072314A1 (ja) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-06-11 | Hitachi Appliances, Inc. | 冷媒圧縮機および冷凍サイクル |
| JP2010090284A (ja) * | 2008-10-08 | 2010-04-22 | Nippon Oil Corp | 炭化水素冷媒用冷凍機油及び冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
| WO2011118733A1 (ja) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-29 | 出光興産株式会社 | 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物 |
| JP2011202032A (ja) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-10-13 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物 |
| US9212303B2 (en) | 2010-03-25 | 2015-12-15 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Lubricating oil composition for chiller |
| WO2013137112A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-19 | 出光興産株式会社 | 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物 |
| US9334463B2 (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2016-05-10 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Lubricating-oil composition for refrigeration device |
| JP2013189506A (ja) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-26 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物 |
| WO2016158307A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-10-06 | 出光興産株式会社 | 冷凍機潤滑油及び冷凍機用混合組成物 |
| JP2016190893A (ja) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-11-10 | 出光興産株式会社 | 冷凍機潤滑油及び冷凍機用混合組成物 |
| US10557103B2 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2020-02-11 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Refrigerator lubricating oil and mixed composition for refrigerator |
| WO2019111688A1 (ja) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-13 | Ｊｘｔｇエネルギー株式会社 | 冷凍機油及び冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
| JP2019104777A (ja) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-27 | Ｊｘｔｇエネルギー株式会社 | 冷凍機油及び冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
| KR20200096561A (ko) * | 2017-12-08 | 2020-08-12 | 에네오스 가부시키가이샤 | 냉동기유 및 냉동기용 작동 유체 조성물 |
| US11365368B2 (en) | 2017-12-08 | 2022-06-21 | Eneos Corporation | Refrigerator oil and hydraulic fluid composition for refrigerators |
| JP7146391B2 (ja) | 2017-12-08 | 2022-10-04 | Ｅｎｅｏｓ株式会社 | 冷凍機油及び冷凍機用作動流体組成物 |
| KR102617816B1 (ko) | 2017-12-08 | 2023-12-27 | 에네오스 가부시키가이샤 | 냉동기유 및 냉동기용 작동 유체 조성물 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101018844A (zh) | 2007-08-15 |
| US20070213239A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
| EP1792970B1 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
| EP1792970A4 (en) | 2010-07-14 |
| JPWO2006030490A1 (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
| JP4630283B2 (ja) | 2011-02-09 |
| KR101156388B1 (ko) | 2012-06-13 |
| US7718083B2 (en) | 2010-05-18 |
| EP1792970A1 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
| KR20070052295A (ko) | 2007-05-21 |
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