WO2006003628A1 - Rotary vane machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Pneumatic (or) hydraulic circuit element used as a compressor, a motor (or) a pump in gases (or) liquids, wherein the element is of the rotary vane type machine with a rotor (2) rotating inside a chamber formed in a body (8), wherein the rotor is brought to a non bloc state by coupling the two surfaces of the rotor, which is fixed to the spindle (1) that extends across its axis by utilizing a wedge (3), by means of two cylindrical plates (4) having dimensions big enough to cover the gap between the rotor and the body by using bolts (20). The vanes (5) carried by the rotor are rotated in the opposite direction of the rotor’s rotation.

Description

Description

ROTARY VANE MACHINE

[001] Technical Field

[002] This invention is a pneumatic and hydraulic circuit element used as a compressor, a motor and a pump in gases and liquids.

[003] Prior Art

[004] Our device which is designed differently than the ones known in the state of art can be used as a compressor and a hydraulic pump as well as a pneumatic and a hydraulic motor without having to make any modifications when it is driven with gas or liquid.

[005] Pneumatic or hydraulic motors require pressure energy and thus a compressor or a pump to pressurize gas or liquid in order to produce circular movements. In this context, we shall evaluate our device firstly as a compressor or a pump.

[006] As its known, compressors and pumps operate with the principle of increasing and decreasing volume. With the increase in volume vacuum is created and absorption takes place. The absorbed gas or liquid is conveyed to the pneumatic or hydraulic system via the outlet canal when the volume decreases. The gas or the liquid produces pressure when it encounters an obstruction. The pressure energy created is transformed into either a linear movement by means of a piston or a circular movement by means of a motor.

[007] The efficiency of compressors and pumps, which have an important stance in industry, in energy transformation is essential. We can list the advantages of our inventive device, which we believe would be more efficient when compared with known and currently used compressors and pumps even if it operates according to a compressor with palettes and a pump system, as follows;

[008] The palettes of our compressor or pump are cylindrical and the friction surface is minimized as the rotor is embedded at its caps and as it contacts the inner surface of the body as an axial line which fluctuates at every line.

[009] No change can be observed in the pressure during one lap as the cross section area of the palette path at every point is the same.

[010] Our invention provides fixed flow and also is used not only in conveying gases as a compressor but also in conveying all runny fluids with pressure as a pump and in storage and discharge operations as it is possible to manufacture it to provide high volume of flow.

[011] Friction is decreased as the rotor rotates together with the rotor caps and it is possible to obtain high pressure by preventing the by-pass occurring on the rotor surfaces.

[012] It is observed that our said invention is substantially different from present compressors, pumps and motors and that it isolates most disadvantages seen in these devices.

[013] For example, the threads in threaded pumps decreases the volume of the conveyance canal at a rate of at least 2/5 and cause by-pass between the threads and its side surfaces during the rotation of the threads under high pressure.

[014] Whereas in threaded motors, it causes loss in efficiency as a substantial part of pressure is neutralized perpendicularly to the axis of the threads.

[015] In compressors, pumps and motors with palettes, front surfaces of the palettes wear the body as they are in friction and cause leakage. As the moveable pressure areas of the palettes are variable it is subjected to different load and pressures at each point. Due to the leakage between the moveable rotor ad side surfaces of the palettes by-pass increases in high pressure and causes increase in heat and loss in efficiency.

[016] Although there is high level sealing in compressors and pumps with pistons, the change of pressure at time frames in a single lap and the presence of dead centers are major limitations effecting efficiency.

[017] Whereas in pumps and motors with double cylinders and stationary palettes, a leakage occurs during the conveyance of palettes which is carried out by means of the female cylinder from the point where the cylinders coincide to the pressure area and results in the loss in pressure and load as the friction surfaces are large.

[018] Among the embodiments known in the art, the United States patent application US

2003 221551 discloses a mechanism which has connecting lines with lids between the chambers in order to make the pressure changes in the chambers graduated and to prevent pressure gaps. However, this mechanism has a highly complex structure. ,

[019] In the Turkish utility model application TR 2001 01632, which is another embodiment known in the art, a mechanism with a simpler structure is disclosed. The geometries of the units of this mechanism such as palette, palette bed, and pressure lid are not suitable for enabling the device to function more efficiently and orderly.

[020] The objects of our invention are to prevent power loss by minimizing friction areas when it is used as a compressor, to continuously convey and pressurize all kinds of runny liquids and gases by stabilizing pressure at each point during operation. When these features are taken into consideration it can also be used a vacuum pump.

[021] It is designed as a motion transfer organ which operates to transform pressure energy to mechanical energy (circular motion) by all kinds of runny liquids and gasses when it is used a motor. When compared with the motors known in the art, the most important feature of our invention which is able to transfer large forces at low revolutions is that it is capable of enlarging the power lever by conveying the palette to more remote points as the pressure does not run over the palette path.

[022] The "compressor, pump and motor" realized in order to attain the object of our invention are shown in the accompanying figures, wherein; [023] Figure 1 - outer side view,

[024] Figure 2 - A-A cross-section,

[025] Figure 3 - top view of the rotor,

[026] Figure 4 - A-A cross-section (90o rotated position of the rotor with respect to

Figure 2),

[027] Figure 5 - outer front view,

[028] Figure 6 - B-B cross section,

[029] Figure 7 - C-C view,

[030] Figure 8 - Palette,

[031] Figure 9 - Intermediate thread bed and anchor bolt,

[032] Figure 10 - front and side view of the body,

[033] Figure 11 - front and side view of the rotor lid and palette bed.

[034] The components in the figures have each been numbered corresponding the following:

1. Main spindle

2. Rotor

3. Wedge

4. Rotor lids and palette beds

5. Palette

6. Palette gear

7. Center gear

8. Body

9. Rear lid

10. Bearing

11. Oil lid

12. Felt holder

13. Front lid

14. Felt

15. Pressure lid

16. By-pass sleeve

17. Intermediate gear

18. Intermediate gear bearing

19. Intermediate gear bed and anchor bolt

20. Rotor lid anchor bolts

21. Admission pressure holes

22. Palette path

23. Palette recesses [035] The main spindle (1) is fixed by means of a rotor (2) and the lids (5) which hold the palettes (5) present at both sides of the rotor (2) are fixed to the rotor (2) by means of intermediate gear beds (19) and bolts (20). An adjustment bolt and a pressure lid which separates the admission chamber capable of being driven forward and the pressure chamber are tightly embedded between the admission and pressure holes of the body present between the rotor lids (4). A central gear (7) through which a main spindle (1) passes is fixed by means of wedge (3) to the center which is tightly fastened on the body and pinned to the rear lid (9). The intermediate gear (17) which binds together the center gear (7) and the palette gears (6) is fastened on the bed (19) with bearing. The discharge of the excess amount of the liquid which leaks between the rotor and the lids is realized by means of the sleeve (16).

[036] As seen in Figure 2, the gap between the rotor (2) and the inner surface of the body

(8) and the rotor (2) depth is in direct proportion with the flow. The centers of the palette beds established on the rotor (2) must be within the inner diameter of the body at a length equivalent to that of the palette radius and located at a distance equal to that of the rotor (2) center. The body (8) must be in contact with the inner surface as the packed section corresponds to the outer side. During assembly the palette (5) gap must be facing the pressure lid (15) and must be centered and at the same time the rear lid

(9) must be pinned to the body (8) when the other palette or palettes face the same direction. In order to define this synthesis the gears must be marked in this position and these markings must be taken into consideration during assembly and disassembly. The hollow sections of the palettes (5) shall have a shape which will not be in contact when passing through the pressure lid (15) and this hollowness in double palette applications shall not pass further than the palette (5) axis and it shall remain a little bit at the back as seen in Figure 4 in order to gain time between clutch and release periods. The wedge canals opened either on palettes (5) or on gears (6) to determine the gears fastened to the palettes and also the gears according to the eccentric palettes (5) must be opened in same positions in accordance with any position of the gear. This process is very important in terms of the fact that the palettes (5) need to ensure the same position that they have to take when passing through the pressure lid (15). The admission and pressure canals must be made large by planning both to be admission canals, as our device, which can be produced with three or more palettes, although we have arranged the ideal number of palettes to be two, can operate in both directions as a compressor, a pump and a motor.

[037] Our spindle which is actuated by a circular movement as a compressor and a pump rotates together with the rotor (2) attached with a wedge, rotor lids (4) and the palettes (5). When it's rotating the intermediate gears (17) which rotate in the direction of the rotor around the center gear (7) which is stationary at the rear lid (9), it rotates the palette gears (6) and thus the palettes in the opposite direction of the rotor's (2) rotation. As the stance position of the palettes (5) shall not change during this opposite rotation by means of the palette gears which is in 1/1 proportion with the center gear (7), it is possible for them to pass through the pressure lid (15) in the same position at every rotation. Passage of the palettes (5) is ensured without permitting any circulation between the pressure- admission as the pressure lid (15) is larger than the palette diameter. The palette (5) which passes to the admission section closes the gap between the rotor and the body without completing the 90° angle with respect to the pressure lid (15) center. The palette (5) which conveys the gas or the liquid, which are in front of itself with respect to the rotation direction, towards the pressure outlet proceeds by creating a vacuum at its rear. At this time, the opposite palette (5) which realizes passing action from the pressure lid (15) by hiding inside the bed located in the rotor (2) ensures a continuous pumping action by closing the gap between the rotor (2) and the body (8).

[038] Whereas when we want it to function as a motor, the pressure applied on the palettes (5) with reverse action, it will transform pressure energy to mechanical energy (circular movement) by rotating the rotor (2) and thus the spindle (1).

[039] The characteristics which increase the efficiency of our invention are the friction surfaces being small, the moving parts being in contact with respect to stationary parts, the pressure effect area not changing in every point during rotation and the absence of dead centers.

[040] Our invention which is capable of ensuring large amount of flow and high amount of pressure as a compressor can also be used in different applications in the industry as a motor and a pump.

[041] For example, when it is used in the landing gears of an air plane it will lengthen the life of tires by ensuring a smooth landing by rotating the tires at an appropriate revolution.

[042] It can convey the movement to the tires with less power loss by being utilized instead of a breaking mechanism together with transfer organs such as clutch, gearbox and differential and it also possible to function as a break by controlling the oil outlet canal of the hydromotor.

[043] It possible to use it to actuate the trailer tires of heavy transport vehicles and also as a movement transfer organ in farming and work machines. It can also be possible to be used in transferring the motor movement of naval vehicles to propellers positioned at different places and also it can also be utilized operating machines such as drilling and tunneling machines.

[044] The movement obtained by the rotation of a wheel actuated by wind power and water passing through a stream can be used economically for irrigating purposes as the invention is capable of pumping water at a speed of 30-40 rev./min. unlike centrifuge when it is used as a pump.

[045] The invention as a vacuum pump and a compressor can be used in sectors such as food, medicine, chemistry, textile and paper as oiling necessity is removed by pumps produced from special materials.

[046] As it can be understood from the title of the invention, it is possible to use our apparatus which we could call a pump or a motor as a deep well water pump. A pump on the same spindle can pump the water upwards when the pressure energy rotates in a circular motion by lowering two pump-motors which is mounted on a spindle to deep well water level and by actuating with air and water (according to water level) by means of a third pump present on the surface. As we are able to transfer any circular movement on the surface to our motor located on the water level hydraulically or pneu¬ matically (not mechanically) there shall be less friction and thus less power loss.

[047] Our invention which is suitable for large power transmissions in low revolutions due to its ability to enlarge power lever without losing efficiency in high revolutions when used as a motor, can also obtain large amount of water flow and high amount of pressure even at low revolutions when used as a pump. Being able to use it in water jet irrigation in agriculture, in fire extinguishing and in pressurized washing and being easier to manufacture when compared with the existing counterparts and having high efficiency and long life are among the main advantages of the invention.

Claims

Claims

[001] A compressor which is brought to a mono bloc state by coupling the two surfaces of the rotor, which is fixed to the spindle (1) that extends across its axis by utilizing a wedge (3), by means of two cylindrical plates having dimensions big enough to cover the gap between the rotor (2) and the body (8) by using bolts.

[002] A compressor as defined in Claim 1 characterized with palette recesses (21) wherein at least two or more palettes (5) will operate and wherein a hole embedded by centering it on the rotor lids (4) by dividing the perimeter into equal gaps equivalent to the number of palettes such that the center rotor (2) remains within and wherein a groove is perforated on the rotor (2) from the same center, which is large enough that its circumference is parallel to the inner surface of the body (8).

[003] A compressor as defined in Claim 2 characterized with suitable palettes (5) which are large enough to cover the gap between the rotor (2) and the body (8) with their part remaining inside the rotor by being embedded into the rotor lids (4) and in that they are discharged from one end with the proviso that the discharged part is less than its half, and that their extensions which remain outside the rotor lids (4) at each end are suitable for the palette gears.

[004] A compressor as defined in Claim 1 characterized with a body (8) wherein the main spindle of the front and the rear lids are perforated on the body (8), wherein the rear lid (9) and the body (8) are coupled together by means of two pins and whereon there are suction and pressure holes in suitable distances from the pressure lid (15) and from the both sides of the pressure lid (15).

[005] A compressor (1) as defined in Claim 1 characterized with a pressure lid (15) which covers the gap between the body (8) and the rotor (2), which is coupled to the body (8) with tight fitting between the suction and the pressure holes, which is in equal distance to the body (8) width, the inner part of which being carved sufficiently so that it will not contact the palettes and which has a width large enough to enclose the palettes and its two sides being in contact with the surface of the rotor (2).

[006] A compressor (1) as defined in Claim 1 characterized with a safety and an adjusting bolt which is screwed to the body to prevent the pressure lid (15) from going back by pushing till it contacts the rotor (2).

[007] A compressor (1) as defined in Claim 1 characterized with a central gear (7) which clutches the palette gears (6) by means of intermediate gears (17) and which is designed in a way that it is fixed on the rear lid (9) by means of a wedge and in a way that the main spindle (1) is able to pass through itself without any contact.

[008] A compressor (1) as defined in Claim 3 characterized with a palette gear (6) which is similar to the central gear (7) in terms of module, diameter and number of gears and dissimilar in terms of different diameters.

[009] A compressor (1) as defined in Claim 1 characterized with an intermediate gear

(17) which is embedded with bearings at a suitable position to transmit the movement received from the central gear (7) to the palette gear.

[010] A compressor (1) as defined in Claim 4 characterized with a water tight segment which can be attached in a spring and crescent shape to each side where the rotor lids (4) contact the body (8) with the proviso that the pressure lid (15) remains outside.

[011] A compressor (1) as defined in Claim 1 characterized with a by -pass coupling which is a safety means which prevents the pressurized liquid and gases ac¬ cumulated inside the lids to destract the felt (14) and wherein a valve can be created from the suction-pressure holes with spring bearings by having the same function between the lids and the rotor lids (4).

[012] A compressor (1) as defined in Claim 1 characterized in that it enables achieving different flows as a pump and it enables achieving erratic speeds as a motor and in that a leveled pump or a compressor can be made which can be mounted on the spindle in plurality of numbers and which can reinforce each other as a gearbox.