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WO2005068075A1 - Use of a composition comprising metal complex compounds and polyphosphonates as catalysts for oxidations - Google Patents

Use of a composition comprising metal complex compounds and polyphosphonates as catalysts for oxidations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005068075A1
WO2005068075A1 PCT/EP2005/050003 EP2005050003W WO2005068075A1 WO 2005068075 A1 WO2005068075 A1 WO 2005068075A1 EP 2005050003 W EP2005050003 W EP 2005050003W WO 2005068075 A1 WO2005068075 A1 WO 2005068075A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substituted
unsubstituted
alkyl
hydroxy
phenyl
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/050003
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Uwe Heinz
Torsten Wieprecht
Juntao Xia
Gunther Schlingloff
Marie-Josée DUBS
Original Assignee
Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc.
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Priority to EP05701419A priority Critical patent/EP1703977A1/en
Publication of WO2005068075A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005068075A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
    • B01J31/0255—Phosphorus containing compounds
    • B01J31/0257—Phosphorus acids or phosphorus acid esters
    • B01J31/0259—Phosphorus acids or phosphorus acid esters comprising phosphorous acid (-ester) groups ((RO)P(OR')2) or the isomeric phosphonic acid (-ester) groups (R(R'O)2P=O), i.e. R= C, R'= C, H
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0201—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
    • B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
    • B01J31/181—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine
    • B01J31/1815—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine with more than one complexing nitrogen atom, e.g. bipyridyl, 2-aminopyridine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
    • B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
    • B01J31/181—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine
    • B01J31/1815—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine with more than one complexing nitrogen atom, e.g. bipyridyl, 2-aminopyridine
    • B01J31/182—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine with more than one complexing nitrogen atom, e.g. bipyridyl, 2-aminopyridine comprising aliphatic or saturated rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/36—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
    • C11D3/364—Organic compounds containing phosphorus containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
    • C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
    • C11D3/3932—Inorganic compounds or complexes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
    • C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
    • C11D3/3935—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts granulated, coated or protected
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/70—Oxidation reactions, e.g. epoxidation, (di)hydroxylation, dehydrogenation and analogues
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/70—Oxidation reactions, e.g. epoxidation, (di)hydroxylation, dehydrogenation and analogues
    • B01J2231/72—Epoxidation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
    • B01J2531/0238—Complexes comprising multidentate ligands, i.e. more than 2 ionic or coordinative bonds from the central metal to the ligand, the latter having at least two donor atoms, e.g. N, O, S, P
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/10—Complexes comprising metals of Group I (IA or IB) as the central metal
    • B01J2531/16—Copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/40—Complexes comprising metals of Group IV (IVA or IVB) as the central metal
    • B01J2531/46—Titanium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/70—Complexes comprising metals of Group VII (VIIB) as the central metal
    • B01J2531/72—Manganese
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
    • B01J2531/84—Metals of the iron group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/90—Catalytic systems characterized by the solvent or solvent system used
    • B01J2531/96—Water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2540/00—Compositional aspects of coordination complexes or ligands in catalyst systems
    • B01J2540/40—Non-coordinating groups comprising nitrogen
    • B01J2540/42—Quaternary ammonium groups

Definitions

  • composition comprising metal complex compounds and polyphosphonates as catalysts for oxidations
  • the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising at least one specific metal complex compound and at least one polyphosphonate as oxidation catalyst for peroxide compounds.
  • the present invention relates also to detergent formulations comprising such metal complex compounds and polyphosphonates.
  • Manganese complexes are well known as catalysts for peroxide containing detergents; it is also known that such manganese complexes are more or less kinetically or thermodynamically stable, depending on the chemical structure of the organic ligand.
  • Wash liquors may contain heavy metal ions such as nickel, copper or zinc from the water pipe system, parts of the washing machine or from other sources. These metal ions can decrease the catalytic effect by exchanging the manganese ion from its complex.
  • TAED tetraacetylethylenediamine
  • the invention accordingly relates to the use of a composition
  • a composition comprising (i) at least one metal complex of formula (1)
  • Me manganese, titanium, iron, cobalt, nickel or copper
  • X is a coordinating or bridging radical
  • n and m are each independently of the other an integer having a value of from 1 to 8
  • p is an integer having a value of from 0 to 32
  • z is the charge of the metal complex
  • Y is a counter-ion
  • q z/(charge of Y)
  • L is a ligand of formula (2)
  • C is N or CR 10 , Qz is or CRn, R L R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , Re > R , Rs, R 9 , R 10 and Rn are each independently of the others hydrogen; unsubstituted or substituted C C 18 alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl; cyano; halogen; nitro; -COOR 12 or -SO3R12 wherein R 12 is in each case hydrogen, a cation or unsubstituted or substituted C C ⁇ 8 alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl; -SR13, -SO2R13 or -OR 13 wherein R 13 is in each case hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted CrC 18 alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl; -NR 14 R 15 ; -(d-CealkyleneJ-NRwR ⁇ ; -N ⁇ R 14 R 15 R ⁇ 6 ; -
  • Suitable substituents for the alkyl groups, aryl groups, alkylene groups or 5-, 6- or 7- membered rings are especially C ⁇ -C 4 alkyl; d-C 4 alkoxy; hydroxy; sulfo; sulfato; halogen; cyano; nitro; carboxy; amino; N-mono- or N,N-di-C C 4 alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety; N-phenylamino; N-naphthylamino; phenyl; phenoxy or naphthyloxy.
  • halogen is preferably chlorine, bromine or fluorine, with special preference being given to chlorine.
  • Suitable metal ions for Me are e.g. manganese in oxidation states ll-V, titanium in oxidation states III and IV, iron in oxidation states I to IV, cobalt in oxidation states I to III, nickel in oxidation states I to III and copper in oxidation states I to III, with special preference being given to manganese, especially manganese in oxidation states II to IV, preferably in oxidation state II.
  • manganese in oxidation states II to IV preferably in oxidation state II.
  • radical X there come into consideration, for example, CH 3 CN, H 2 0, F “ , CI “ , Br “ , HOO “ , 0 2 2” , O 2” , R17COO “ , R 1 7O “ , LMeO “ and LMeOO " , wherein R 1 7 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C C ⁇ 8 alkyl or aryl, and CrC 18 alkyl, aryl, L and Me have the definitions and preferred meanings given hereinabove and herein below.
  • R 1 7 is especially preferably hydrogen, C ⁇ ,-C 4 alkyl or phenyl, especially hydrogen.
  • R 17 as C ⁇ -C ⁇ 8 alkyl or aryl has the definitions and preferred meanings given hereinabove and herein below.
  • R ⁇ is especially preferably hydrogen, d- C 4 alkyl or phenyl, especially hydrogen.
  • the charge of the counter-ion Y is accordingly preferably 1- or 2-, especially 1-.
  • n is preferably an integer having a value of from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2 and especially 1.
  • n is preferably an integer having a value of 1 or 2, especially 1.
  • p is preferably an integer having a value of from 0 to 4, especially 2.
  • z is preferably an integer having a value of from 8- to 8+, especially from 4- to 4+ and especially preferably from 0 to 4+. z is more especially the number 0.
  • q is preferably an integer from 0 to 8, especially from 0 to 4 and is especially preferably the number 0.
  • the C ⁇ -C ⁇ 8 alkyl radicals mentioned are generally, for example, straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl or straight-chain or branched pentyl, hexyl, heptyl or octyl.
  • Preference is given to C r C ⁇ 2 alkyl radicals, especially C C 8 alkyl radicals and preferably C ⁇ -C 4 alkyl radicals.
  • alkyl radicals may be unsubstituted or substituted e.g. by hydroxy, CrC 4 alkoxy, sulfo or by sulfato, especially by hydroxy.
  • the corresponding unsubstituted alkyl radicals are preferred. Very special preference is given to methyl and ethyl, especially methyl.
  • aryl radicals that generally come into consideration are phenyl or naphthyl each unsubstituted or substituted by C C 4 alkyl, d-C alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, carboxy, sulfo, hydroxy, amino, N-mono- or N.N-di-CrGjalkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, N-phenylamino, N-naphthylamino, phenyl, phenoxy or by naphthyloxy.
  • Preferred substituents are C ⁇ -C 4 alkyl, C C 4 alkoxy, phenyl and hydroxy. Special preference is given to the corresponding phenyl radicals.
  • the C C 6 alkylene groups mentioned are, for example, straight-chain or branched alkylene radicals, such as methylene, ethylene, n-propylene or n-butylene. C ⁇ -C 4 alkylene groups are preferred.
  • the alkylene radicals mentioned may be unsubstituted or substituted, for example by hydroxy or d-C alkoxy.
  • alkali metal cations such as lithium, potassium and especially sodium
  • alkaline earth metal cations such as magnesium and calcium
  • ammonium cations are preferred.
  • R 2 is preferably hydrogen, a cation, d-C ⁇ alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above.
  • R 12 is especially preferably hydrogen, an alkali metal cation, alkaline earth metal cation or ammonium cation, CrC 4 alkyl or phenyl, more especially hydrogen or an alkali metal cation, alkaline earth metal cation or ammonium cation.
  • R 13 is preferably hydrogen, C C ⁇ 2 alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above.
  • R 13 is especially preferably hydrogen, C ⁇ -C alkyl or phenyl, more especially hydrogen or CrC alkyl, preferably hydrogen.
  • Examples of the radical of formula -N(R ⁇ 3 )-NR 4 R 15 that may be mentioned are -N(CH 3 )-NH 2 and, especially, -NH-NH 2 .
  • Examples of the radical of formula -OR13 that may be mentioned are hydroxy and C C 4 alkoxy, such as methoxy and especially ethoxy.
  • R M and R ⁇ 5 together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring, that ring is preferably an unsubstituted or C ⁇ -C 4 a!kyl-substituted pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised, in which case preferably the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded directly to one of the three rings A, B and/or C are quaternised.
  • the piperazine ring may, for example, be substituted by one or two unsubstituted C C 4 alkyl and/or substituted C ⁇ -C alkyl at the nitrogen atom not bonded to the pyridine ring.
  • R 14 , ⁇ 5 and R ⁇ 6 are preferably hydrogen, unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted d- C ⁇ alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above.
  • Special preference is given to hydrogen, C ⁇ -C 4 alkyl or phenyl each unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted, especially hydrogen or unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted C ⁇ -C 4 alkyl, preferably hydrogen.
  • Examples of the radical of formula -NR 4 R ⁇ 5 that may be mentioned are -NH 2 ,
  • R 5 is preferably C ⁇ -C ⁇ 2 alkyl; phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by C C alkyl, C C alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, carboxy, sulfo, hydroxy, amino, N-mono- or N,N-di-CrC alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, N-phenylamino, N-naphthylamino, phenyl, phenoxy or by naphthyloxy; cyano; halogen; nitro; -COOR 1 2 or -S0 3 R 12 wherein R 12 is in each case hydrogen, a cation, C ⁇ -C ⁇ alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above; -SR 13 , -SO 2 R 1 3 or -OR 1 3 wherein R 13
  • R 5 in L of formula (2) is very especially d-dalkoxy; hydroxy; phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by d-dalkyl, C ⁇ -C aIkoxy, phenyl or by hydroxy; hydrazine; amino; N-mono- or N,N-di-C ⁇ -C 4 alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the three rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by one or two unsubstituted d-dalkyl and/or substituted d-dalkyl, wherein the nitrogen atom may be quaternised.
  • R 5 A likewise very especially preferred radical that may be mentioned for R 5 is
  • radicals Rs in L of formula (2) are d-dalkoxy; hydroxy; CI; unsubstituted phenyl; phenyl substituted by d-C ⁇ alkyl, Od-dalkyl, OH or phenyl; N-mono- or N,N-di-d-C 4 alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the three rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one d-dalkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised.
  • radicals R 5 in L of formula (2) mention may be made especially of -OH; H 2 N(CH 3 ) 3
  • N(CH 2 CH 2 OH) 2 ; — NHCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3 ; — NHCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 ; — N[CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3 ] 2 ; -N[CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 ] 2 ; -N[CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 ] 2 and -N[CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3 ] 2
  • R 5 The preferred meanings indicated above for R 5 apply to Ri, R 2 , R 3 , Rt, Re, R 7 , Re, Rg. Rto and Rn in L, but those radicals may additionally be hydrogen.
  • R-i, R 2 , R 3 , R ⁇ R 6 , R 7l Rs, Rg. Rio and " R 11 in L are hydrogen and R 5 in L is a radical other than hydrogen, for which the definition and preferred meanings indicated above apply.
  • R-i, R 2 , R 4 , Rrj, R 8 , R 9> Rto and n in L are hydrogen and R 3l R 5 and R 7 in L are radicals other than hydrogen, for each of which the definition and preferred meanings indicated above for R 5 apply.
  • Ligands L to which preference is given are those of formula (3)
  • R' 3 and R' 7 have the definitions and preferred meanings indicated above for R 3 and R 7 and R' 5 has the definition and preferred meanings indicated above for R 5 .
  • Ligands L to which preference is given are those of formula (3)
  • R' 3 and R' 7 have the definitions and preferred meanings indicated above for R 3 and R 7 and R' 5 has the definition and preferred meanings indicated above for R5. and wherein at least one nitrogen atom, which is not directly bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C is quaternized.
  • Preferred as ligands L are those of formula (4) and/or (5)
  • R' 3 and R' 7 have the definitions and preferred meanings indicated above for R3 and R 7
  • R' ⁇ has the definition and preferred meanings indicated above for R 5 .
  • ligands L are those of formula (4) and/or (5)
  • R' 3 and R" 7 have the definitions and preferred meanings indicated above for R ⁇ and R 7l and R' 5 has the definition and preferred meanings indicated above for R 5 , and wherein at least one nitrogen atom, which is not directly bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C is quaternized.
  • Ligands L to which greater preference is given are those of formula (3) wherein R' 3 , R' 5 and R' 7 are each independently of the others d-C alkoxy; hydroxy; phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by d-dalkyl, d-C 4 alkoxy, phenyl or by hydroxy; hydrazine; amino; N-mono- or N,N-di-C ⁇ -C alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety; or an unsubstituted or d-C alkyI-substituted pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring.
  • Ligands L to which greater preference is also given are those of formula (3)
  • R' 3 , R' 5 and R are each independently of the others d-dalkoxy; hydroxy; phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by d-dalkyl, C ⁇ -C alkoxy, phenyl or by hydroxy; hydrazine; amino; N-mono- or N,N-di-C ⁇ -C 4 alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety; or an unsubstituted or C C alkyl-substituted pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring, and wherein at least one nitrogen atom, which is not directly bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C is quaternized.
  • Ligands L comprising quaternized nitrogen atoms to which even greater preference is also given are those of formula (3)
  • R' 3 and R' 7 are independently from each other hydrogen; d-C alkoxy; hydroxy; N- mono- or N,N-di-d-C 4 alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one d-C 4 alkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised,
  • R's is d-dalkoxy; hydroxy; N-mono- or N,N-di-C ⁇ -C 4 alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one d-dalkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised, with the proviso that
  • R 1 5 and R ⁇ 6 are independently from each other hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C ⁇ -C ⁇ 8 alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl and wherein the unbranched or branched alkylene group may be unsubstituted or substituted, and wherein the d-dalkyl groups, which are branched or unbranched independently of one another, may be unsubstituted or substituted and wherein the piperazine ring may be unsubstituted or substituted.
  • ligands L are those of formula (4) and/or (5)
  • R' 5 is d-dalkoxy; CI; hydroxy; phenyl; phenyl substituted by OCrC 2 alkyl, OH or d-dalkyl; N-mono- or N,N-di-d-C alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety; or -NR 14 R 1S ; -(d-C 6 alkylene)-NR 14 R 15 ; -N(R ⁇ 3 )-(C ⁇ -C 6 alkylene)-NR 14 R 15 ; -N[(d-C6alkylene)-NR 14 R 15 ] 2 ; or -N(R ⁇ 3 )-N-R 14 R 15 , wherein R i3 is hydrogen; C d 2 alkyl or unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by (optionally substituted in the alkyl moiety by hydroxy) N-mono- or N,N-di-d
  • ligands L are also those of formula (4) and/or (5)
  • R' 3 and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; d-dalkoxy; CI; hydroxy; phenyl; phenyl substituted by OC C 2 alkyl, OH or d-C alkyl; N-mono- or
  • N,N-di-d-C alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one Ci-dalkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised,
  • R' 5 is d-dalkoxy; CI; hydroxy; phenyl; phenyl substituted by Od-C 2 alkyl, OH or Ci-dalkyl;
  • ⁇ 5 and R ⁇ 6 are independently from each other hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C C alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl and wherein the unbranched or branched alkylene group may be unsubstituted or substituted, and wherein the Ci-dalkyl groups, which are branched or unbranched independently of one another, may be unsubstituted or substituted and wherein the piperazine ring may be unsubstituted or substituted.
  • Ligands L to which special preference is given are those of formula (3)
  • R' 3 and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; -OH; — N -N NH- -CH 2 CH 2 OH -OCH 3 ; -OCH 2 CH 3 ; -CI; Vtv CH 3 V CH 2 CH 2 OH ⁇ + CH 2 CH 2 OH — N N-CH protagonist -N N- l ⁇ L -N _/ CH, ; — N V CH, ⁇ _ CH,CH,OH
  • Ligands L to which special preference is also given are those of formula (3) wherein R' 3 and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; -OH; -OCH 3 ; -OCH 2 CH 3 ; -CI;
  • R' 3 is one of the radicals
  • each alkylene group, each alkyl group and each piperazine ring may be independently of each other unsubstituted or substituted.
  • Ligands L to which special preference is also given are those of formula (4) and/or (5)
  • R' 3 and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; -OH; -OCH 3 ; -OCH 2 CH 3 ;
  • R's is -OH; -OCH 3 ; -OCH 2 CH 3 ; -CI; VIV CH 3 ⁇ CH 2 CH 2 OH + ,CH 2 CH 2 OH — N N-CH, -N N. -N -N . CH, CH, CH 2 CH 2 OH
  • Ligands L to which special preference is also given are those of formula (4) and/or (5)
  • R's and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; -OH; -OCH 3 ; -OCH 2 CH 3 ;
  • R's is -OH; -OCH 3 ; -OCH 2 CH 3 ; -CI; ⁇ / ' CH 3 ( CH 2 CH 2 OH / ⁇ +,CH 2 CH 2 OH -N N-CH, — N ⁇ cH. ⁇ N N -CH, N ⁇ / N -CH "2,C*"H 2,OH
  • each alkylene group, each alkyl group and each piperazine ring may be independently of each other unsubstituted or substituted.
  • L of formula (2) are compounds in which precisely 0 or 1 quaternised nitrogen atom is present.
  • L of formula (2) compounds in which 0, 2 or 3 quaternised nitrogen atoms are present.
  • L of formula (2) compounds in which none of the quaternised nitrogen atoms is bonded directly to one of the three rings A, B and/or C.
  • R 8 is CH 2 P0 3 H 2 or a water soluble salt thereof and b is an integer of the value 0, 1, 2 or 3 are preferred.
  • polyphosphonates wherein b is an integer of the value of 1.
  • Metal complex compounds of formula (1) are known (e.g. from WO 02/088289) or can be obtained analogously to known processes. They are obtained in a manner known perse by reacting at least one ligand L of formula (2) in the desired molar ratio with a metal compound, especially a metal salt, such as the chloride, to form the corresponding metal complex.
  • a metal compound especially a metal salt, such as the chloride
  • the reaction is carried out, for example, in a solvent, such as water or a lower alcohol, such as ethanol, at a temperature of, for example, from 10 to 60°C, especially at room temperature.
  • the metal complex compounds of formula (1), wherein the ligands L of formula (2) comprise quaternized nitrogen moieties can be prepared according to methods known perse. Such methods are described in K. T. Potts, D. Konwar, J. Org. Chem. 2000, 56, 4815-4816, E. C. Constable, M. D. Ward, J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans. 1990, 1405-1409, E. C. Constable, A. M. W. Cargill Thompson, New. J. Chem. 1992, 16, 855-867, G. Lowe etal., J. Med. Chem., 1999, 42, 999-1006, E.C. Constable, P. Harveson, D.R. Smith, L.
  • Ligands of formula (2) that are substituted by hydroxy can also be represented as compounds having a pyridone structure in accordance with the following scheme (illustrated here using the example of a ligand of formula (2) substituted by hydroxy in the 4-position):
  • hydroxy-substituted compounds are also to be understood as including those having a corresponding pyridone structure.
  • Ligands of formula (3) can also be prepared in a manner known perse. Such preparation procedures are described, for example, in J. Chem. Soc, Dalton Trans. 1990, 1405-1409 (E.C. Constable etal.) and New. J. Chem. 1992, 16, 855-867.
  • Ligands of formulae (4) are known or can be prepared in a manner known perse.can also be prepared in a manner known perse [F.H. Case etal., J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32(5), 1591- 1596]).
  • a chlorinating agent such as, for example, PCIs/POCI 3 .
  • Ligands of formulae (4) can be prepared analogously to known processes (e.g. Patent Applications EP 555 180 and EP 556 156 or F.H. Case et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 905-906), by reacting two parts 2-cyanopyridine with urea or guanidine and a base.
  • the metal complex compounds of formula (1 ) are preferably used together with peroxy compounds.
  • Examples that may be mentioned in that regard include the following uses: a) the bleaching of stains or of soiling on textile material in the context of a washing process or by the direct application of a stain remover; b) the prevention of redeposition of migrating dyes during the washing of textile material; c) the cleaning of hard surfaces, especially kitchen surfaces, wall tiles or floor tiles, for example to remove stains that have formed as a result of the action of moulds ("mould stains"); (automatic) dishwasher formulation can also be prepared; d) use in washing and cleaning solutions having an antibacterial action; e) as pretreatment agents for bleaching textiles; f) as catalysts in selective oxidation reactions in the context of organic synthesis; g) waste water treatment; h) sterilisation and i) contact lens disinfection.
  • the metal complex compounds of formula (1) are in this case manganese and/or iron.
  • metal complex compounds for example, in the bleaching of textile material, does not cause any appreciable damage to fibres and dyeings.
  • Processes for bleaching stains in a washing liquor are usually carried out by adding to the washing liquor (which comprises a peroxy acid or their precursor together with H 2 0 2 or a precursor of H 2 0 2 ) one or more metal complex compounds of formula (1).
  • a detergent that already comprises one or two metal complex compounds.
  • the metal complex compounds of formula (1) can alternatively be formed in situ, the metal salt (e.g. manganese(ll) salt, such as manganese(ll) chloride, and/or iron(II) salt, such as iron(ll) chloride) and the ligand being added in the desired molar ratios.
  • the present invention relates also to a detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching composition containing
  • the present invention relates also to a preferred detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching composition containing
  • the present invention relates also to a more preferred detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching composition containing
  • the present invention relates also to an especially preferred detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching composition containing I) from 0 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0 to 30% by weight, A) of at least one anionic surfactant and/or B) of a non-ionic surfactant, II) from 0 to 70% by weight, preferably from 0 to 50% by weight, C) of at least one builder substance, ill) 1 - 99% by weight, preferably 1 - 50% by weight, D) of a peroxide or a peroxide-forming substance,
  • compositions preferably contain from 0.005 to 2% by weight of at least one metal complex compound of formula (1), especially from 0.01 to 1% by weight and preferably from 0.05 to 1 % by weight.
  • compositions according to the invention comprise a component A) and/or B
  • the amount thereof is preferably from 1 to 50%, especially from 1 to 30%, by weight.
  • the amount thereof is preferably from 1 to 70% by weight, especially from 1 to 50% by weight.
  • Special preference is given to an amount of from 5 to 50% by weight and especially an amount of from 10 to 50% by weight.
  • Corresponding washing, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching processes are usually carried out by using an aqueous liquor containing from 0.1 to 200 mg of one or more compounds of formula (1) per litre of liquor.
  • the liquor preferably contains from 1 to 50 mg of at least one compound of formula (1) perlifre of liquor.
  • air and/or molecular oxygen can be blown through the liquor.
  • composition according to the invention can be, for example, a peroxy acid or peroxy acid precursor containing heavy-duty detergent or a separate bleaching additive, or a stain remover that is to be applied directly.
  • a bleaching additive is used for removing coloured stains on textiles in a separate liquor before the clothes are washed with a bleach-free detergent.
  • a bleaching additive can also be used in a liquor together with a bleach-free detergent.
  • Stain removers can be applied directly to the textile in question and are used especially for pretreatment in the event of heavy local soiling.
  • the stain remover can be applied in liquid form, by a spraying method or in the form of a solid substance.
  • Granules can be prepared, for example, by first preparing an initial powder by spray-drying an aqueous suspension comprising all the components listed above except for component F), and then adding the dry component F) and mixing everything together. It is also possible to add component F) to an aqueous suspension containing components A), B), C), D) and E) and then to carry out spray-drying.
  • aqueous suspension that contains components A), C) and D), but none or only some of component B).
  • the suspension is spray-dried, then component F) is mixed with component B) and added, and then component E) is mixed in the dry state. It is also possible to mix all the components together in the dry state.
  • the anionic surfactant A) can be, for example, a sulfate, sulfonate or carboxylate surfactant or a mixture thereof. Preference is given to alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, olefin sulfonates, fatty acid salts, alkyl and alkenyl ether carboxylates or to an ⁇ -sulfonic fatty acid salt or an ester thereof.
  • Preferred sulfonates are, for example, alkylbenzenesulfonates having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, alkyl sulfates having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, alkyl ether sulfates having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, and fatty acid salts derived from palm oil or tallow and having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety.
  • the average molar number of ethylene oxide units added to the alkyl ether sulfates is from 1 to 20, preferably from 1 to 10.
  • the cation in the anionic surfactants is preferably an alkaline metal cation, especially sodium or potassium, more especially sodium.
  • Preferred carboxylates are alkali metal sarcosinates of formula R 19 -CON(R 20 )CH 2 COOM wherein R ⁇ g is C 9 -C ⁇ 7 alkyl or is C ⁇ -C alkyl and Mi is an alkali metal, especially sodium.
  • the non-ionic surfactant may be, for example, a primary or secondary alcohol ethoxylate, especially a C 8 -C 20 aliphatic alcohol ethoxylated with an average of from 1 to 20 mol of ethylene oxide per alcohol group. Preference is given to primary and secondary C ⁇ 0 -C 5 aliphatic alcohols ethoxylated with an average of from 1 to 10 mol of ethylene oxide per alcohol group.
  • Non-ethoxylated non-ionic surfactants for example alkylpolyglycosides, glycerol monoethers and polyhydroxyamides (glucamide), may likewise be used.
  • the total amount of anionic and non-ionic surfactants is preferably from 5 to 50% by weight, especially from 5 to 40% by weight and more especially from 5 to 30% by weight.
  • the lower limit of those surfactants to which even greater preference is given is 10% by weight.
  • carbonates and hydrogen carbonates especially their sodium salts, silicates, aluminum silicates, polycarboxylates, polycarboxylic acids, and mixtures of such compounds.
  • Silicates that are especially suitable are sodium salts of crystalline layered silicates of the formula .pH 2 0 wherein t is a number from 1.9 to 4 and p is a number from 0 to 20.
  • aluminum silicates preference is given to those commercially available under the names zeolite A, B, X and HS, and also to mixtures comprising two or more such components. Special preference is given to zeolite A.
  • polycarboxylates preference is given to polyhydroxycarboxylates, especially citrates, and acrylates, and also to copolymers thereof with maleic anhydride.
  • Preferred polycarboxylic acids are nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and ethylene- diamine disuccinate either in racemic form or in the enantiomerically pure (S,S) form.
  • the compositions may comprise, in addition to the combination according to the invention, one or more optical brighte ⁇ ers, for example from the classes bis-triazinylamino- stilbenedisulfonic acid, bis-triazolyl-stilbenedisulfonic acid, bis-styryl-biphenyl or bis- benzofuranylbiphenyl, ⁇ bis-benzoxalyl derivative, bis-benzimidazolyl derivative or coumarin derivative or a pyrazoline derivative.
  • compositions may furthermore comprise one or more auxiliaries.
  • auxiliaries are, for example, dirt-suspending agents, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose; pH regulators, for example alkali metal or alkaline earth metal silicates; foam regulators, for example soap; salts for adjusting the spray drying and the granulating properties, for ' example sodium sulfate; perfumes; and also, if appropriate, antistatics and softening agents such as, for example, smectite; bleaching agents; pigments; and/or toning agents. These constituents should especially be stable to any bleaching agent employed.
  • auxiliaries are added in a total amount of from 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 10% by weight, especially from 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the detergent formulation.
  • compositions may comprise, in addition to the combination according to the invention, one or more optical brighteners, for example from the classes bis-triazinylamino- stilbenedisulfonic acid, bis-triazolyl-stilbenedisulfonic acid, bis-styryl-biphenyl or bis- benzofuranylbiphenyl, ⁇ bis-benzoxalyl derivative, bis-benzimidazolyl derivative or coumarin derivative or a pyrazoline derivative.
  • optical brighteners for example from the classes bis-triazinylamino- stilbenedisulfonic acid, bis-triazolyl-stilbenedisulfonic acid, bis-styryl-biphenyl or bis- benzofuranylbiphenyl, ⁇ bis-benzoxalyl derivative, bis-benzimidazolyl derivative or coumarin derivative or a pyrazoline derivative.
  • compositions may furthermore comprise one or more auxiliaries.
  • auxiliaries are, for example, dirt-suspending agents, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose; pH regulators, for example alkali metal or alkaline earth metal silicates; foam regulators, for example soap; salts for adjusting the spray drying and the granulating properties, for example sodium sulfate; perfumes; and also, if appropriate, antistatics and softening agents such as, for example, smectite; bleaching agents; pigments; and/or toning agents.
  • These constituents should especially be stable to any bleaching agent employed.
  • auxiliaries are added in a total amount of from 0.1 to 20 wt-%, preferably from 0.5 to 10 wt-%, especially from 0.5 to 5 wt-%, based on the total weight of the detergent formulation.
  • the detergent may optionally also comprise enzymes.
  • Enzymes can be added for the purpose of stain removal.
  • the enzymes usually improve the action on stains caused by protein or starch, such as, for example, blood, milk, grass or fruit juices.
  • Preferred enzymes are amylases and proteases, especially proteases.
  • Other preferred enzymes include lipases, cellulases and mannanases.
  • Amylases The present invention preferably makes use of amylases having improved stability in detergents, especially improved oxidative stability.
  • amylases are non-limitingly illustrated by the following: (a) An amylase according to WO 94/02597, Novo Nordisk A/S as further illustrated by a mutant in which substitution is made, using alanine or threonine (preferably threonine), of the methionine residue located in ⁇ osition 197 of the B.licheniformis alpha-amylase, known as TERMAMYL ® , or the homologous position variation of a similar parent amylase, such as B.
  • amyloliquefaciens B.subtilis, or B.stearothermophilus
  • Stability-enhanced amylases as described by Genencor International in a paper entitled "Oxidatively Resistant -Amylases" presented at the 207th American Chemical Society National Meeting, March 13-17 1994, by C. Mitchinson. Therein it was noted that bleaches in automatic dishwashing detergents inactivate alpha-amylases but that improved oxidative stability amylases have been made by Genencor from B. Hcheniformis NCIB8061.
  • detergent amylases such as Duramyl ® , Stainzyme ® , Natalase ® , Ban ® and Fungamyl ® , are sold e.g. by NOVOZYMES A/S. Any other oxidative stability-enhanced amylase can be used.
  • Protease enzymes are usually present in preferred embodiments of the invention at levels between 0.001 wt-% and 5 wt-%.
  • the proteolytic enzyme can be of animal, vegetable or microorganism (preferred) origin. More preferred is serine proteolytic enzyme of bacterial origin. Purified or nonpurified forms of enzyme may be used. Proteolytic enzymes produced by chemically or genetically modified mutants are included by definition, as are close structural enzyme variants.
  • Suitable commercial proteolytic enzymes include Alcalase ® , Esperase ® , Everlase ® , Durazyme ® , Savinase ® , Maxatase ® , Kannase ® , Maxacal ® , and Maxapem ® 15 (protein engineered Maxacal). Purafect ® and subtilising BPN and BPN' are also commercially available.
  • Lipases work on greasy soil and stains. When present, lipases comprise from about 0.001 wt-% to about 5 wt-% of the detergent or cleaning formulation. Suitable lipases for use herein include those of bacterial, animal and fungal origin, including those from chemically or genetically modified mutants. Commercially available detergent lipases, such as Lipolase ® , Lipolase Ultra ® and Lipoprime ® , are sold e.g. by NOVOZYMES A/S. When incorporating lipases into the instant compositions, their stability and effectiveness may in certain instances be enhanced by combining them with small amounts (e.g., less than 0.5 wt-% of the composition) of oily but non-hydrolyzing materials.
  • small amounts e.g., less than 0.5 wt-% of the composition
  • Cellulases are enzymes that react with cellulose and its derivatives and hydrolyse them to form glucose, cellobiose and cellooligosaccharides. Cellulases remove dirt and, in addition, have the effect of enhancing the soft handle of the fabric and reduce graying.
  • Commercially available cellulases such as Celluzyme ® , Careuyme ® and Endolase ® are, are sold e.g. by NOVOZYMES A ⁇
  • the enzymes when used, may be present in a total amount of from 0.01 to 5% by weight, especially from 0.05 to 5 wt-% and more especially from 0.1 to 4 wt-%, based on the total weight of the detergent formulation.
  • proteases In a hardsurface cleaner, especially in a composition used for automatic dishwasher the following enzymes are also commonly used: proteases, amylases, pullulanases, cutinases and lipases, for example proteases such as BLAP ® , Optimase ® , Opticlean ® , Maxacal ® , Maxapem ® , Esperase ® and/or Savinase ® , amylases such as Termamyl ® , Amylase-LT ® , Maxamyl ® and/or Duramyl ® , lipases such as Lipolase ® , Lipomax ® , Lumafast ® and/or Lipozym ® .
  • proteases such as BLAP ® , Optimase ® , Opticlean ® , Maxacal ® , Maxapem ® , Esperase ® and/or Savinase ®
  • amylases such
  • the enzymes which may be used can, as described e.g. in International Patent Applications WO 92/11347 and WO 94/23005, be adsorbed on carriers and/or embedded in encapsulating substances in order to safeguard them against premature inactivation. They are present in the cleaning formulations according to the invention preferably in amounts not exceeding 5 wt-%, especially in amounts of from 0.1 wt-% to 1.2 wt-%.
  • compositions may, in addition to the catalysts described herein, also comprise photocatalysts the action of which is based on the generation of singlet oxygen.
  • compositions according to the invention are dye-fixing agents and/or polymers which, during the washing of textiles, prevent staining caused by dyes in the washing liquor that have been released from the textiles under the washing conditions.
  • polymers are preferably polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyvinylimidazoles or poIyvinylpyridine-N-oxides, which may have been modified by the incorporation of anionic or cationic substituents, especially those having a molecular weight in the range of from , 5000 to 60 000, more especially from 10000 to 50 000.
  • Such polymers are usually used in a total amount of from 0.01 to 5% by weight, especially from 0.05 to 5% by weight, more especially from 0.1 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the detergent formulation.
  • Preferred polymers are those mentioned in WO-A-02/02865 (see especially page 1, last paragraph and page 2, first paragraph).
  • the detergent formulations can take a variety of physical forms such as, for example, powder granules, tablets (tabs) and liquid. Examples thereof include, inter alia, conventional high- performance detergent powders, supercompact high-performance detergent powders and tabs.
  • powder granules such as, for example, powder granules, tablets (tabs) and liquid. Examples thereof include, inter alia, conventional high- performance detergent powders, supercompact high-performance detergent powders and tabs.
  • One important physical form is the so-called concentrated granular form, which is added to a washing machine.
  • compact or supercompact detergents are so-called compact or supercompact detergents.
  • Such detergents usually contain only small amounts of fillers or of substances, such as sodium sulfate or sodium chloride, required for detergent manufacture.
  • the total amount of such substances is usually from 0 to 10% by weight, especially from 0 to 5% by weight, more especially from 0 to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the detergent formulation.
  • Such (super)compact detergents usually have a bulk density of from 650 to 1000 g/l, especially from 700 to 1000 g/l and more especially from 750 to 1000 g/l.
  • the detergent formulations can also be in the form of tablets (tabs).
  • tabs are the most compact form of solid detergent formulation and usually have a volumetric density of, for example, from 0.9 to 1.3 kg/litre. To achieve rapid dissolution, such tabs generally contain special dissolution aids:
  • - disintegrators such as cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose or cross-linked poly(N-vinyl- pyrrolidone); - rapidly dissolving materials, such as sodium (potassium) acetates, or sodium (potassium) citrates;
  • the tabs may also comprise combinations of such dissolution aids.
  • the detergent formulation may also be in the form of an aqueous liquid containing from 5 to 50% by weight, preferably from 10 to 35% by weight, of water or in the form of a non- aqueous liquid containing no more than 5% by weight, preferably from 0 to 1% by weight, of water.
  • Non-aqueous liquid detergent formulations may comprise other solvents as carriers.
  • Low molecular weight primary or secondary alcohols for example methanol, ethanol, propanol and isopropanol, are suitable for that purpose.
  • the solubilising surfactant used is preferably a monohydroxy alcohol but polyols, such as those containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and from 2 to 6 hydroxy groups (e.g., 1,3-propanediol, ethylene glycol, glycerol and 1,2-propanediol) can also be used.
  • Such carriers are usually used in a total amount of from 5% to 90% by weight, preferably from 10% to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the detergent formulation.
  • the detergent formulations can also used in so-called "unit liquid dose" form.
  • the invention relates also to granules that comprise the catalysts according to the invention and are suitable for incorporation into a powder-form or granular detergent, cleaning or bleaching composition.
  • Such granules preferably comprise: a) from 1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 1 to 40% by weight, especially from 1 to 30% by weight, of at least one metal complex compound of formula (1 ), b) from 0.01 - 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 - 5% by weight, E) of at least one polyphosphonate, c) from 1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 10 to 99% by weight, especially from 20 to 80% by weight, of at least one binder, d) from 0 to 20% by weight, especially from 1 to 20% by weight, of at least one encapsulating material, e) from 0 to 20% by weight of at least one further additive and f) from 0 to 20% by weight water.
  • binder (c) there come into consideration water-soluble, dispersible or water-emulsifiable anionic dispersants, non-ionic dispersants, polymers and waxes.
  • the anionic dispersants used are, for example, commercially available water-soluble anionic dispersants for dyes, pigments etc..
  • condensation products of aromatic sulfonic acids and formaldehyde condensation products of aromatic sulfonic acids with unsubstituted or chlorinated diphenyls or diphenyl oxides and optionally formaldehyde,
  • (mono-/di-)alkylnaphthalenesulfonates sodium salts of polymerised organic sulfonic acids, sodium salts of polymerised alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acids, sodium salts of polymerised alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, alkylarylsulfonates, sodium salts of alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates, polyalkylated polynuclear arylsulfonates, methylene-linked condensation products of arylsulfonic acids and hydroxyarylsulfonic acids, sodium salts of dialkylsulfosuccinic acid, sodium salts of alkyl diglycol ether sulfates, sodium salts of polynaphthalenemethanesulfonates, lignosulfonates or oxylignosulfonates and heterocyclic polysulfonic acids.
  • Especially suitable anionic dispersants are condensation products of naphthalenesulfonic acids with formaldehyde, sodium salts of polymerised organic sulfonic acids, (mono-/di-)- alkylnaphthalenesulfonates, polyalkylated polynuclear arylsulfonates, sodium salts of polymerised alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, lignosulfonates, oxylignosulfonates and condensation products of naphthalenesulfonic acid with a polychloromethyldiphenyl.
  • Suitable non-ionic dispersants are especially compounds having a melting point of, preferably, at least 35°C that are emulsifiable, dispersible or soluble in water, for example the following compounds:
  • fatty alcohols having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, especially cetyl alcohol 2. addition products of, preferably, from 2 to 80 mol of alkylene oxide, especially ethylene oxide, wherein some of the ethylene oxide units may have been replaced by substituted epoxides, such as styrene oxide and/or propylene oxide, with higher unsaturated or saturated monoalcohols, fatty acids, fatty amines or fatty amides having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms or with benzyl alcohols, phenyl phenols, benzyl phenols or alkyl phenols, the alkyl radicals of which have at least 4 carbon atoms;
  • alkylene oxide especially propylene oxide, condensation products (block polymers);
  • sorbitan esters preferably having long-chain ester groups, or ethoxylated sorbitan esters, such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate having from 4 to 10 ethylene oxide units or polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate having from 4 to 20 ethylene oxide units; 7. addition products of propylene oxide with a tri- to hexa-hydric aliphatic alcohol having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, e.g. glycerol or pentaerythritol; and 8. fatty alcohol polyglycol mixed ethers, especially addition products of from 3 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide and from 3 to 30 mol of propylene oxide with aliphatic monoalcohols having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • Especially suitable non-ionic dispersants are surfactants of formula
  • Rjs is Cs-Qaalkyl or C 8 -C 18 alkenyl
  • R 24 is hydrogen; C ⁇ -C 4 alkyl; a cycloaliphatic radical having at least 6 carbon atoms; or benzyl; "alkylene” is an alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms and n is a number from 1 to 60.
  • the substituents R and R 24 in formula (7) are advantageously each the hydrocarbon radical of an unsaturated or, preferably, saturated aliphatic monoalcohol having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • the hydrocarbon radical may be straight-chain or branched.
  • R ⁇ and R 24 are preferably each independently of the other an alkyl radical having from 9 to 14 carbon atoms.
  • Aliphatic saturated monoalcohols that come into consideration include natural alcohols, e.g. lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol or stearyl alcohol, and also synthetic alcohols, e.g. 2-ethylhexanoi, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutanol, octan-2-ol, isononyl alcohol, trimethylhexanoi, trimethylnonyl alcohol, decanol, d-CnOxo-alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol and linear primary alcohols (Alfols) having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • natural alcohols e.g. lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol or stearyl alcohol
  • synthetic alcohols e.g. 2-ethylhexanoi, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutanol, octan-2-ol
  • isononyl alcohol trimethyl
  • Alfols are Alfol (8-10), Alfol (9-11), Alfol (10-14), Alfol (12-13) and
  • Alfol is a registered trade mark of the company Sasol Limited.
  • Unsaturated aliphatic monoalcohols are, for example, dodecenyl alcohol, hexadecenyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol.
  • the alcohol radicals may be present singly or in the form of mixtures of two or more components, e.g. mixtures of alkyl and/or alkenyl groups that are derived from soybean fatty acids, palm kernel fatty acids or tallow oils.
  • Alkylene-O chains are preferably bivalent radicals of the formulae CHo CH I I
  • cycloaliphatic radical examples include cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl and preferably cyclohexyl.
  • non-ionic dispersants there come into consideration preferably surfactants of formula ⁇ ⁇ Y 2 3 Y 4 (8) I I I I R 25 -0-(CH-CH-0) f ⁇ CH-CH-0) ;r3 R 26 wherein
  • R25 is C 8 -C 22 alkyl
  • R 2 6 is hydrogen or Ci-dalkyl
  • Y 1 . Y 2 , Y 3 and Y are each independently of the others hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; n 2 is a number from 0 to 8; and n 3 is a number from 2 to 40. Further important non-ionic dispersants correspond to formula ⁇ ⁇ Y 7 Y 8 1 1 I I (9), R 27 -0-(CH-CH- ⁇ 7— (CH-CH-O7-R28
  • R 27 is C 9 -C 14 alkyl
  • R 28 is d-dalkyl
  • Y5, Y ⁇ , Y7 and Y 8 are each independently of the others hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, one of the radicals Y 5 , Y 6 and one of the radicals Y7, Y ⁇ always being hydrogen; and n 4 and n 5 are each independently of the other an integer from 4 to 8.
  • non-ionic dispersants of formulae (7) to (9) can be used in the form of mixtures.
  • non-end-group-terminated fatty alcohol ethoxylates of formula (7) e.g. compounds of formula (7) wherein R 24 is hydrogen and the alkylene-0 chain is the radical -(CH 2 -CH 2 -0)- and also end-group-terminated fatty alcohol ethoxylates of formula (9).
  • non-ionic dispersants of formulae (7), (8) and (9) include reaction products of a C ⁇ o-C 3 fatty alcohol, e.g.
  • a C ⁇ 3 oxo-alcohol with from 3 to 10 mol of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide and the reaction product of one mol of a C ⁇ 3 fatty alcohol with 6 mol of ethylene oxide and 1 mol of butylene oxide, it being possible for the addition products each to be end-group-terminated with C ⁇ -C 4 alkyl, preferably methyl or butyl.
  • dispersants can be used singly or in the form of mixtures of two or more dispersants.
  • the granules according to the invention may comprise a water-soluble organic polymer as binder.
  • Such polymers may be used singly or in the form of mixtures of two or more polymers.
  • Water-soluble polymers that come into consideration are, for example, polyethylene glycols, copolymers of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide, gelatin, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyvinylpyrrolido ⁇ es, vinylpyrrolidones, vinyl acetates, polyvinylimidazoles, polyvinylpyridine-N-oxides, copolymers of vinyl pyrrol idone with long-chain ⁇ -olefins, copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone with vinylimidazole, poly(vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethyI methacrylates), copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamides, copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropyl acrylamides, quaternised copolymers of vinylpyrrolidones and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylates, terpoly
  • polyethylene glycols carboxymethyl cellulose
  • polyacrylamides polyvinyl alcohols
  • polyvinylpyrrolidones gelatin
  • hydrolysed polyvinyl acetates copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate
  • polyacrylates copolymers of ethyl acrylate with methacrylate and methacrylic acid, and polymethacrylates.
  • Suitable water-emulsifiable or water-dispersible binders also include paraffin waxes.
  • Encapsulating materials (d) include especially water-soluble and water-dispersible polymers and waxes. Of those materials, preference is given to polyethylene glycols, polyamides, polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, gelatin, hydrolysed polyvinyl acetates, copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate, and also polyacrylates, paraffins, fatty acids, copolymers of ethyl acrylate with methacrylate and methacrylic acid, and polymethacrylates. Further additives (e) that come into consideration are, for example, wetting agents, dust removers, water-insoluble or water-soluble dyes or pigments, and also dissolution accelerators, optical brighteners and sequestering agents.
  • the preparation of the granules according to the invention is carried out, for example, starting from: i) a solution or suspension with a subsequent drying/shaping step or ii) a suspension of the active ingredient in a melt with subsequent shaping and solidification.
  • the anionic or non-ionic dispersant and/or the polymer and, optionally, the further additives are dissolved in water and stirred, if desired with heating, until a homogeneous solution is obtained.
  • the catalyst according to the invention is then dissolved or suspended in the resulting aqueous solution.
  • the solids content of the solution should preferably be at least 30% by weight, especially from 40 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the solution.
  • the viscosity of the solution is preferably less than 200 mPas.
  • the aqueous solution so prepared, comprising the catalyst according to the invention is then subjected to a drying step in which all water, with the exception of a residual amount, is removed, solid particles (granules) being formed at the same time.
  • a drying step in which all water, with the exception of a residual amount, is removed, solid particles (granules) being formed at the same time.
  • Known methods are suitable for producing the granules from the aqueous solution. In principle, both continuous methods and discontinuous methods are suitable. Continuous methods are preferred, espe- aily spray-drying and fluidised bed granulation processes.
  • spray-drying processes in which the active ingredient solution is sprayed into a chamber with circulating hot air.
  • the atomisation of the solution is effected e.g. using unitary or binary nozzles or is brought about by the spinning effect of a rapidly rotating disc.
  • the spray-drying process may be combined with an additional agglomeration of the liquid particles with solid nuclei in a fluidised bed that forms an integral part of the chamber (so-called fluid spray).
  • the fine particles ( ⁇ 100 ⁇ m) obtained by a conventional spray-drying process may, if necessary after being separated from the exhaust gas flow, be fed as nuclei, without further treatment, directly into the atom izing cone of the atomiser of the spray-dryer for the purpose of agglomeration with the liquid droplets of the active ingredient.
  • the water can rapidly be removed from the solutions comprising the catalyst according to the invention, binder and further additives. It is expressly intended that agglomeration of the droplets forming in the atomising cone, or agglomeration of droplets with solid particles, will take place.
  • the granules formed in the spray-dryer are removed in a continuous process, for example by a sieving operation.
  • the fines and the oversize particles are either recycled directly to the process (without being redissolved) or are dissolved in the liquid active ingredient formulation and subsequently granulated again.
  • a further preparation method according to i) is a process in which the polymer is mixed with water and then the catalyst is dissolved/suspended in the polymer solution, thus forming an aqueous phase, the catalyst according to the invention being homogeneously distributed in that phase.
  • the aqueous phase is dispersed in a water- immiscible liquid in the presence of a dispersion stabiliser in order that a stable dispersion is formed.
  • the water is then removed from the dispersion by distillation, forming substantially dry particles. In those particles, the catalyst is homogeneously distributed in the polymer matrix.
  • the granules according to the invention are resistant to abrasion, low in dust, pourable and readily meterable. They can be added directly to a formulation, such as a detergent formulation, in the desired concentration of the catalyst according to the invention.
  • the coloured appearance of the granules in the detergent is to be suppressed, this can be achieved, for example, by embedding the granules in a droplet of a whitish meltable substance ("water-soluble wax") or by adding a white pigment (e.g. Ti0 2 ) to the granule formulation or, preferably, by encapsulating the granules in a melt consisting, for example, of a water-soluble wax, as described in EP-A-0323407, a white solid being added to the melt in order to reinforce the masking effect of the capsule.
  • a white pigment e.g. Ti0 2
  • the catalyst according to the invention is dried in a separate step prior to the melt- granulation and, if necessary, dry-ground in a mill so that all the solids particles are ⁇ 50 ⁇ m in size.
  • the drying is carried out in an apparatus customary for the purpose, for example in a paddle dryer, vacuum cabinet or freeze-dryer.
  • the finely particulate catalyst is suspended in the molten carrier material and homogenised.
  • the desired granules are produced from the suspension in a shaping step with simultaneous solidification of the melt.
  • the choice of a suitable melt-granulation process is made in accordance with the desired size of granules. In principle, any process which can be used to produce granules in a particle size of from 0.1 to 4 mm is suitable. Such processes are droplet processes (with solidification on a cooling belt or during free fall in cold air), melt- prilling (cooling medium gas/liquid), and flake formation with a subsequent comminution step, the granulation apparatus being operated continuously or discontinuously.
  • the coloured appearance of the granules prepared from a melt is to be suppressed in the detergent, in addition to the catalyst it is also possible to suspend in the melt white or coloured pigments which, after solidification, impart the desired coloured appearance to the granules (e.g. titanium dioxide).
  • the melt white or coloured pigments which, after solidification, impart the desired coloured appearance to the granules (e.g. titanium dioxide).
  • the granules can be covered with or encapsulated in an encapsulating material.
  • Methods that come into consideration for such an encapsulation include the customary methods and also encapsulation of the granules by a melt consisting e.g. of a water-soluble wax, as described, for example, in EP-A-0 323407, coacervation, complex coacervation and surface polymerisation.
  • Encapsulating materials (d) include e.g. water-soluble, water-dispersible or water- emulsifiable polymers and waxes.
  • additives (e) there come into consideration, for example, wetting agents, dust removers, water-insoluble or water-soluble dyes or pigments, and also dissolution accelerators, optical brighteners and sequestering agents.
  • product forms of the present invention include product forms specifically developed for industrial and institutional cleaning, for example liquid solutions of the catalyst in water or organic solvents or solid forms such as powders or granules which can be dosed in a separate bleaching step of the cleaning application.
  • the metal complex compounds of formula (1) also exhibit a markedly improved bleach-catalysing action on coloured stains occurring on kitchen surfaces, wall tiles or floor tiles.
  • the use of at least one metal complex compound of formula (1) as catalyst(s) in cleaning solutions for hard surfaces, especially for kitchen surfaces, wall tiles or floor tiles, is therefore of special interest.
  • the metal complex compounds of formula (1 ) and the corresponding ligands also have excellent antibacterial action.
  • the use thereof for killing bacteria or for protecting against bacterial attack is therefore likewise of interest.
  • the metal complex compounds of formula (1) are also outstandingly suitable for selective oxidation in the context of organic synthesis, especially the oxidation of organic molecules, e.g. of olefins to form epoxides. Such selective transformation reactions are required especially in process chemistry.
  • the invention accordingly relates also to the use of the metal complex compounds of formula (1) in selective oxidation reactions in the context of organic synthesis.
  • the following Examples serve to illustrate the invention but do not limit the invention thereto. Parts and percentages relate to weight, unless otherwise indicated. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius, unless otherwise indicated.
  • Example 1 TH-[2,2';6 , ,2 , ']Terpyridin-4'-one (hereinafter called L1)
  • Example 2 4'-Chloro-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L2)
  • Example 6 4'-Pyrrolidin-1-yl-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L6)
  • Example 7 2-[(2-Hydroxy-ethyl)-[2,2';6',2"]terpyrid-4'-yl-amino]-ethanol (hereinafter called L7)
  • Example 8 4'-(4-MethyI-piperazin-1-yl)-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L8)
  • Example 8b 1,1-Dimethyl-4-[2,2';6',2"]terpyrid-4'-yl-piperazin-1-ium iodide (hereinafter called L8b)
  • Example 10 ⁇ -Piperidin-l-yl-p. j ⁇ '. 'lterpyridine (hereinafter called L10)
  • Example 11 4'-Morpholin-4-yl-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L11)
  • Example 14 4 , -p-Tolyl-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L14)
  • Example 16 4-Chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 16 (page 35) of WO 02/088289.
  • Step 1 10.0 ml (0.130 mol) of N,N-dimethylformamide are added dropwise to 295 ml of (4.06 mol) of thionyl chloride at 40 ⁇ , C with stirring. 100 g (0.812 mol) of picolinic acid are then added in the course of half an hour. The mixture is cautiously heated to 70°C and stirred at that temperature for 24 hours, the gases formed being conveyed away through a wash bottle charged with sodium hydroxide solution.
  • Step 2 The hydrochloride obtained in Step 1 is taken up in 300 ml of ethyl acetate and 200 ml of deionised water and rendered neutral with 4N sodium hydroxide solution. After separation of the phases, extraction is carried out twice using 200 ml of ethyl acetate each time. The organic phases are combined, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated.
  • Example 18 4-Ethoxy-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 17 (page 36) of WO 02/088289.
  • Example 19 4-Pyrrolidin-1-yl-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 18 (page 36) of WO 02/088289.
  • Example 20 1 ,5-Bis(4-chloropyrid-2-yl)-pentane-1 ,3,5-trione
  • Example 22 1 ,5-Bis(4-pyrrolidin-1-yl-pyrid-2-yl)-pentane-1 ,3,5-trione
  • the mixture is rendered neutral with 5N hydrochloric acid, and 1-(4-chloro-pyrid-2-yl)-5-pyrid-2-yl-pentane-1,3,5-trione is filtered off in the form of a yellowish-green solid.
  • the dried, sparingly soluble product is further processed without special purification steps.
  • Example 27 4,4"-Di-py olidin-1-yl-1'H-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4 , -one (hereinafter called L18)
  • Example 28 4.4"-Bisr(2-hvdroxv-ethvl)-methvl-amino1-1 ⁇ -r2.2':6'.2"jterpvridin-4'-one (hereinafter called L19)
  • Example 30 4'-Methoxy-4,4"-di-pyrrolidin-1 -yl-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L21 )
  • Example 34 2-((4',4"-Bisr(2-hvdroxv-ethvl)-methvl-amino1-r2,2':6'.2"lterpvridin ⁇ -vll-methvl- amino)-ethanol (hereinafter called L25)
  • Example 42 1 , 1 -Dimethyl-4-(4'-oxo-1 , ,4'-dihydro-[2,2';6',2"]terpyrid ⁇ -yl)-piperazin-1 -ium methosulfate ((hereinafter called L33))
  • the crude product is recrystallised from ethyl acetate/methanol 33:1 (v/v), taken up in 100 ml of water and adjusted to pH 8-9 using 4N sodium hydroxide, and light-beige 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1'H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one is filtered off.
  • Example 46a 4,4"-Bis-[(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-methyl-amino]-1 ⁇ - [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'- one (hereinafter called L38)
  • the crude product is taken up in 30 ml of water and adjusted to pH 6-7, and after filtration, 4,4"-Bis-[(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)- methyl-amino]- H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4 , -one, containing 1.95 equiv. HCI and 1.20 equiv. H20 (elemental analysis) is obtained as an off-white solid.
  • Example 46b Twofold quaternisation of 4,4"-Bis-[(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-methyl-amino]- 1 ⁇ - with methyl iodide (hereinafter called L39)
  • Example 48 6-[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1 -v0-pvrid-2-v ⁇ -2-pyrid-2-vl-pvrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM1PM2)
  • methyl iodide 0.12 ml (1.84 mmol) of methyl iodide is added to 411 mg (0.92 mmol) of 2,6-bis[4-(4-methyl- piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]-pyrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM6) from Example 54 in 18 ml of acetonitrile. The mixture is stirred for 16 hours at room temperature and filtered, and the residue is washed with chloroform. The quaternised ligand PM7 is obtained in the form of a colourless solid.
  • Example 55b In analogy to the above described Examples the ligand of the following formula can be synthesized:
  • the mixture is rendered neutral with 2N sulfuric acid, and the crude product is filtered off and recrystallised from 55 ml of methanol, yielding 4,6-di-pyrid-2-yI-[1,3,5]triazin- 2-ol in the form of a white solid.
  • Example 58 Manganese(ll) complex with a pyridone ligand: ⁇ [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'- ol ⁇ manganese(ll) chloride
  • Example 59 Manganese(ll) complex with a substituted terpyridine ligand: ⁇ 2-[(2-hydroxy- ethyl)-[2,2 , ;6 , ,2"]terpyrid-4'-yl-amino]-ethanol ⁇ manganese(ll) chloride
  • Example 59a ⁇ 2-(Methvl-f2,2';6',2"1terpvridin-4'-vl-amino)-ethanol ⁇ manqanese(ll) chloride
  • Example 60 Manganese(ll) complex with two substituted terpyridine ligands: bis ⁇ 2-[(2- hydroxy-ethyl)-[2,2';6',2"]terpyrid-4'-yl-amino]-ethanol ⁇ manganese(ll) chloride
  • Example 39 The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 39 (page 47) of WO 02/088289.
  • Example 61 Bis ⁇ 4,4"-bis[(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-methyl-amino]-[2,2 , ;6',2"]terpyridin-4'- ol ⁇ manganese(ll) chloride The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 40 (page 48) of WO 02/088289.
  • Example 62 Manganese(ll) complex with 1 , 1 -dimethyl-4-(4'-oxo-1 ',4'-dihydro- [2,2';6',2"]terpyrid-4-yl)-piperazin-1-ium methosulfate
  • a solution of 37.6 mg (0.19 mmol) of manganese(ll) chloride tetrahydrate in 4 ml of methanol is added to a suspension of 1,1-dimethyl-4-(4'-oxo-1 , ,4'-dihydro-[2,2 , ;6',2"]terpyrid-4-yl)- piperazin-1-ium methosulfate(L33 in Example 42) in 4 ml of methanol.
  • Example 63 Manganese complex with 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1 -yl)-1 "H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one
  • ligand L34 (Example 43) hydrochloride is added to a solution of 2.33 g (11.8 mmol) of manganese(ll) chloride tetrahydrate in 100 ml of water. The solution is then freeze-dried.
  • the manganese complex of formula C 25 H 31 CI 2 MnN 7 0*3.73 H 2 0*2.31 HCI is obtained in the form of a yellow solid. Calculated C 46.06 H 6.30 N 15.04 C1 12.56 Mn 8.43 H 2 0 10.31, found C 46.02 H 5.84 N 14.99 CI 12.54 Mn 8.17 H 2 0 10.52.
  • Example 64 Manganese complex with twofold-quaternised 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1 - yl)-1'H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one
  • ligand L37 (Example 46) is added to a solution of 2.64 g (13.33 mmol) of manganese(ll) chloride tetrahydrate in 350 ml of water. The solution is then freeze-dried. The manganese complex of formula C 29 H 43 CI 2 MnN 7 OgS 2 *3.62 H 2 0 is obtained in the form of a yellow solid. Calculated C 39.19 H 5.70 N 11.03 CI 7.98 Mn 6.18 H 2 0 7.34, found C 38.68 H 5.65 N 10.73 CI 7.77 Mn 5.97 H 2 0 7.33.
  • Example 64a Manganese(ll) complex with twofold-quaternised 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazi ⁇ - 1-yl)-1 'H- [2,2';6',2"3terpyridin-4'-one
  • a solution of 119 mg (0.6 mmol) of manganese(ll) chloride tetrahydrate in 11 ml of methanol is added to a suspension of 419 mg (0.6 mmol) of ligand C 2 gH 3 7 ⁇ 9 S 2 (L37 in Example 46). Concentration is then carried out using a rotary evaporator (30°C, 20 mbar final pressure).
  • the manganese complex of formula C 2 9H 43 CI 2 MnN 7 0 9 S2*2.22 H 2 0 (Fw 863.67) is obtained in the form of a yellow powder; calculated C 40.33 H 5.54 N 11.35 S 7.43 CI 8.21 Mn 6.36 H 2 04.63; found C 41.10 H 5.35 N 11.77 S 7.18 CI 8.36 Mn 5.91 H 2 04.64.
  • Example 65 1.78 g (7.14 mmol) of 1 ⁇ -[2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one L1 are added to a solution of 1.75 g (7.14 mmol) of manganese(ll) acetate tetrahydrate in 35 ml of water. A solution of 3.28 g (9.93 mmol of active oxygen in the form of KHS0 5 ) of potassium peroxomonosulfate in 20 ml of water is then added dropwise. The mixture is subsequently stirred for 2 hours at room temperature, then filtered off with suction and washed with 25 ml of water. Drying is carried out for 12 hours at 50°C in vacuo to yield 2.05 g of olive-green powder.
  • Example 67a Manganese complex with twofold-quaternised 4,4"-Bis-[(2-dimethylamino- ethyl)-methyl-amino]-1 "H-
  • ligand L39 (Example 46b) is added to a solution of one equivalent of manganese(ll) chloride tetrahydrate in water. Spontaneous complex formation is observed.
  • Example 68 Manganese complex with 6-[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]-2-pyrid-2-yl- pyrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM2)
  • Example 69 Manganese complex with quaternised 6-[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]-
  • ⁇ Y is a measure for the efficacy of the complexing agent to improve the catalytic bleach in heavy metal containing wash liquors, in this case water which contains additionally 1.3 ppm of zinc.
  • Table 1 improvement' of the bleach effect by combination with polyphosphonates.

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Abstract

The invention accordingly relates to the use of a composition comprising (i) at least one metal complex of formula (1) [Ln MemXp]ZYq (1), wherein all substituents have the meanings as defined in the claims and (ii) at least one polyphosphonate as oxidation catalyst for peroxide compounds, as well as to novel detergent compositions.

Description

Use of a composition comprising metal complex compounds and polyphosphonates as catalysts for oxidations
The present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising at least one specific metal complex compound and at least one polyphosphonate as oxidation catalyst for peroxide compounds. The present invention relates also to detergent formulations comprising such metal complex compounds and polyphosphonates.
Manganese complexes are well known as catalysts for peroxide containing detergents; it is also known that such manganese complexes are more or less kinetically or thermodynamically stable, depending on the chemical structure of the organic ligand.
Wash liquors may contain heavy metal ions such as nickel, copper or zinc from the water pipe system, parts of the washing machine or from other sources. These metal ions can decrease the catalytic effect by exchanging the manganese ion from its complex.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved catalytic bleach system for detergents which is not so much affected by the presence of heavy metal ions in the wash liquor and gives better bleach effects than the activated system with tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED).
It has been found that the above-mentioned object can be achieved by using a manganese complex together with a polyphosphonate complexing agent.
The invention accordingly relates to the use of a composition comprising (i) at least one metal complex of formula (1)
[LnMemXp]Υα (1),
wherein Me is manganese, titanium, iron, cobalt, nickel or copper, X is a coordinating or bridging radical, n and m are each independently of the other an integer having a value of from 1 to 8, p is an integer having a value of from 0 to 32, z is the charge of the metal complex, Y is a counter-ion, q = z/(charge of Y), and L is a ligand of formula (2)
Figure imgf000003_0001
wherein C is N or CR10, Qz is or CRn, RL R2, R3, R4, R5, Re> R , Rs, R9, R10 and Rn are each independently of the others hydrogen; unsubstituted or substituted C C18alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl; cyano; halogen; nitro; -COOR12 or -SO3R12 wherein R12 is in each case hydrogen, a cation or unsubstituted or substituted C Cι8alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl; -SR13, -SO2R13 or -OR13 wherein R13 is in each case hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted CrC18alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl; -NR14R15; -(d-CealkyleneJ-NRwR^; -NθR14R15Rι6; -(CrC6alkylene)-NθR14R15Ri6; -N(Rι3)- (C1-C6alkylene)-NR14R15;-N[(C1-C6alkylene)-NR14Ri5]2; -N(Ri3)-(C1-C6alkylene)-NffiR14R15R16; -N[(CrC6alkylene)-NffiR14R15Ri6]2; -N(R13)-N-R14R15 or -N(R13)-NΘR14R15R16, wherein R13 is as defined above and R14, R15 and Rι6 are each independently of the other(s) hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted Ci-Ct8alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl, or R-i and R15, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form an unsubstituted or substituted 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring which may contain further hetero atoms, and (ii) at least one polyphosphonate as oxidation catalyst for peroxide compounds.
Suitable substituents for the alkyl groups, aryl groups, alkylene groups or 5-, 6- or 7- membered rings are especially Cι-C4alkyl; d-C4alkoxy; hydroxy; sulfo; sulfato; halogen; cyano; nitro; carboxy; amino; N-mono- or N,N-di-C C4alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety; N-phenylamino; N-naphthylamino; phenyl; phenoxy or naphthyloxy. Generally, halogen is preferably chlorine, bromine or fluorine, with special preference being given to chlorine.
Suitable metal ions for Me are e.g. manganese in oxidation states ll-V, titanium in oxidation states III and IV, iron in oxidation states I to IV, cobalt in oxidation states I to III, nickel in oxidation states I to III and copper in oxidation states I to III, with special preference being given to manganese, especially manganese in oxidation states II to IV, preferably in oxidation state II. Also of interest are titanium IV, iron ll-IV, cobalt ll-lll, nickel ll-lll and copper ll-lll, especially iron ll-IV.
For the radical X there come into consideration, for example, CH3CN, H20, F", CI", Br", HOO", 02 2", O2", R17COO", R17O", LMeO" and LMeOO", wherein R17 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C Cι8alkyl or aryl, and CrC18alkyl, aryl, L and Me have the definitions and preferred meanings given hereinabove and herein below. R17 is especially preferably hydrogen, Cι,-C4alkyl or phenyl, especially hydrogen.
As counter-ion Y there come into consideration, for example, R17COO", CI0 ", BF4 ", PF6 ", R17S03 ", R17SCV, SO/", N03 ", F", CI", Br" and I", wherein R 7 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted Cι-Cι8alkyl or aryl. R17 as Cι-Cι8alkyl or aryl has the definitions and preferred meanings given hereinabove and herein below. Rι is especially preferably hydrogen, d- C4alkyl or phenyl, especially hydrogen. The charge of the counter-ion Y is accordingly preferably 1- or 2-, especially 1-.
n is preferably an integer having a value of from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2 and especially 1.
m is preferably an integer having a value of 1 or 2, especially 1.
p is preferably an integer having a value of from 0 to 4, especially 2.
z is preferably an integer having a value of from 8- to 8+, especially from 4- to 4+ and especially preferably from 0 to 4+. z is more especially the number 0.
q is preferably an integer from 0 to 8, especially from 0 to 4 and is especially preferably the number 0. The Cι-Cι8alkyl radicals mentioned are generally, for example, straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl or straight-chain or branched pentyl, hexyl, heptyl or octyl. Preference is given to CrCι2alkyl radicals, especially C C8alkyl radicals and preferably Cι-C4alkyl radicals. The mentioned alkyl radicals may be unsubstituted or substituted e.g. by hydroxy, CrC4alkoxy, sulfo or by sulfato, especially by hydroxy. The corresponding unsubstituted alkyl radicals are preferred. Very special preference is given to methyl and ethyl, especially methyl.
Examples of aryl radicals that generally come into consideration are phenyl or naphthyl each unsubstituted or substituted by C C4alkyl, d-C alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, carboxy, sulfo, hydroxy, amino, N-mono- or N.N-di-CrGjalkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, N-phenylamino, N-naphthylamino, phenyl, phenoxy or by naphthyloxy. Preferred substituents are Cι-C4alkyl, C C4alkoxy, phenyl and hydroxy. Special preference is given to the corresponding phenyl radicals.
The C C6alkylene groups mentioned are, for example, straight-chain or branched alkylene radicals, such as methylene, ethylene, n-propylene or n-butylene. Cι-C4alkylene groups are preferred. The alkylene radicals mentioned may be unsubstituted or substituted, for example by hydroxy or d-C alkoxy.
Examples of cations that generally come into consideration are alkali metal cations, such as lithium, potassium and especially sodium, alkaline earth metal cations, such as magnesium and calcium, and ammonium cations. The alkali metal cations, especially sodium, are preferred.
R 2 is preferably hydrogen, a cation, d-C^alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above. R12 is especially preferably hydrogen, an alkali metal cation, alkaline earth metal cation or ammonium cation, CrC4alkyl or phenyl, more especially hydrogen or an alkali metal cation, alkaline earth metal cation or ammonium cation.
R13 is preferably hydrogen, C Cι2alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above. R13 is especially preferably hydrogen, Cι-C alkyl or phenyl, more especially hydrogen or CrC alkyl, preferably hydrogen. Examples of the radical of formula -N(Rι3)-NR 4R15 that may be mentioned are -N(CH3)-NH2 and, especially, -NH-NH2 . Examples of the radical of formula -OR13 that may be mentioned are hydroxy and C C4alkoxy, such as methoxy and especially ethoxy. When RM and Rι5, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form a 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring, that ring is preferably an unsubstituted or Cι-C4a!kyl-substituted pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised, in which case preferably the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded directly to one of the three rings A, B and/or C are quaternised. The piperazine ring may, for example, be substituted by one or two unsubstituted C C4alkyl and/or substituted Cι-C alkyl at the nitrogen atom not bonded to the pyridine ring. In addition, R14, ι5 and Rι6 are preferably hydrogen, unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted d- C^alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above. Special preference is given to hydrogen, Cι-C4alkyl or phenyl each unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted, especially hydrogen or unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted Cι-C4alkyl, preferably hydrogen. Examples of the radical of formula -NR 4Rι5 that may be mentioned are -NH2,
-NHCH2CH2OH, -N(CH2CH2OH)2j -N(CH3)CH2CH2OH] and the pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring as well as 4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl.
Preference is given to ligands L of formula (2) wherein R5 is not hydrogen.
Preference is given likewise to ligands L of formula (2) wherein R5 is preferably Cι-Cι2alkyl; phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by C C alkyl, C C alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, carboxy, sulfo, hydroxy, amino, N-mono- or N,N-di-CrC alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, N-phenylamino, N-naphthylamino, phenyl, phenoxy or by naphthyloxy; cyano; halogen; nitro; -COOR12 or -S03R12 wherein R12 is in each case hydrogen, a cation, Cι-Cι alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above; -SR13, -SO2R13 or -OR13 wherein R13 is in each case hydrogen, CrC12alkyI, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above; -N(R13)-NR14R15 wherein R 3 is as defined above and Rι4 and R15 are each independently of the other hydrogen, unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted d-C^alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above, or RM and R15, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form an unsubstituted or d-C aIkyl-substituted pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring; -NR 4R15 or -NΦR14R15R16 wherein Rι4, R 5 and R16 are each independently of the other(s) hydrogen, unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted CrC^alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above, or R14 and R15, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form an unsubstituted or d-C alkyl-substituted pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring; N-mono- or N,N-di-C1-C alkyl-NθR14R15R16 unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein R14, R-ι5and R16 are each independently of the others hydrogen, unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted d-C12alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above, or R14 and Rι5, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one C C4alkyl or by at least one unsubstituted d-C alkoxy and/or substituted d-C4alkyl, wherein the nitrogen atom may be quaternised; N-mono- or N,N-di-d-C4alkyl-NRι4Rι5 unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein R14 and R15 may have any one of the above meanings.
R5 in L of formula (2) is very especially d-dalkoxy; hydroxy; phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by d-dalkyl, Cι-C aIkoxy, phenyl or by hydroxy; hydrazine; amino; N-mono- or N,N-di-Cι-C4alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the three rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by one or two unsubstituted d-dalkyl and/or substituted d-dalkyl, wherein the nitrogen atom may be quaternised.
A likewise very especially preferred radical that may be mentioned for R5 is
Figure imgf000007_0001
wherein the ring and the two alkyl groups may additionally be substituted.
Especially important as radicals Rs in L of formula (2) are d-dalkoxy; hydroxy; CI; unsubstituted phenyl; phenyl substituted by d-Cβalkyl, Od-dalkyl, OH or phenyl; N-mono- or N,N-di-d-C4alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the three rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one d-dalkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised. As examples of the radicals R5 in L of formula (2), mention may be made especially of -OH;
Figure imgf000008_0001
H2N(CH3)3
Figure imgf000008_0002
Figure imgf000008_0003
N(CH2CH2OH)2 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)3 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)2 ; — N[CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2 ; -N[CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 ; -N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 and -N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2
The preferred meanings indicated above for R5 apply to Ri, R2, R3, Rt, Re, R7, Re, Rg. Rto and Rn in L, but those radicals may additionally be hydrogen.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, R-i, R2, R3, R^ R6, R7l Rs, Rg. Rio and " R11 in L are hydrogen and R5 in L is a radical other than hydrogen, for which the definition and preferred meanings indicated above apply.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, R-i, R2, R4, Rrj, R8, R9> Rto and n in L are hydrogen and R3l R5 and R7 in L are radicals other than hydrogen, for each of which the definition and preferred meanings indicated above for R5 apply. Ligands L to which preference is given are those of formula (3)
Figure imgf000008_0004
wherein R'3 and R'7 have the definitions and preferred meanings indicated above for R3 and R7 and R'5 has the definition and preferred meanings indicated above for R5. Ligands L to which preference is given are those of formula (3)
Figure imgf000009_0001
wherein R'3 and R'7 have the definitions and preferred meanings indicated above for R3 and R7 and R'5 has the definition and preferred meanings indicated above for R5. and wherein at least one nitrogen atom, which is not directly bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C is quaternized.
Preferred as ligands L are those of formula (4) and/or (5)
Figure imgf000009_0002
wherein R'3 and R'7 have the definitions and preferred meanings indicated above for R3 and R7, and R'ε has the definition and preferred meanings indicated above for R5.
Also preferred as ligands L are those of formula (4) and/or (5)
Figure imgf000009_0003
wherein R'3 and R"7 have the definitions and preferred meanings indicated above for R^ and R7l and R'5 has the definition and preferred meanings indicated above for R5, and wherein at least one nitrogen atom, which is not directly bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C is quaternized.
Ligands L to which greater preference is given are those of formula (3)
Figure imgf000010_0001
wherein R'3, R'5 and R'7 are each independently of the others d-C alkoxy; hydroxy; phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by d-dalkyl, d-C4alkoxy, phenyl or by hydroxy; hydrazine; amino; N-mono- or N,N-di-Cι-C alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety; or an unsubstituted or d-C alkyI-substituted pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring.
Ligands L to which greater preference is also given are those of formula (3)
Figure imgf000010_0002
wherein R'3, R'5 and R are each independently of the others d-dalkoxy; hydroxy; phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by d-dalkyl, Cι-C alkoxy, phenyl or by hydroxy; hydrazine; amino; N-mono- or N,N-di-Cι-C4alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety; or an unsubstituted or C C alkyl-substituted pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring, and wherein at least one nitrogen atom, which is not directly bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C is quaternized.
Ligands L comprising quaternized nitrogen atoms to which even greater preference is also given are those of formula (3)
Figure imgf000010_0003
wherein R'3 and R'7 are independently from each other hydrogen; d-C alkoxy; hydroxy; N- mono- or N,N-di-d-C4alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one d-C4alkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised,
R's is d-dalkoxy; hydroxy; N-mono- or N,N-di-Cι-C4alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one d-dalkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised, with the proviso that
(i) at least one of the substituents R'3, R'5 and R'7 is a radical of formula
Figure imgf000011_0001
wherein R15 and Rι6 are independently from each other hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted Cι-Cι8alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl and wherein the unbranched or branched alkylene group may be unsubstituted or substituted, and wherein the d-dalkyl groups, which are branched or unbranched independently of one another, may be unsubstituted or substituted and wherein the piperazine ring may be unsubstituted or substituted.
Especially preferred as ligands L are those of formula (4) and/or (5)
Figure imgf000011_0002
wherein R'5 is d-dalkoxy; CI; hydroxy; phenyl; phenyl substituted by OCrC2alkyl, OH or d-dalkyl; N-mono- or N,N-di-d-C alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety; or -NR14R1S; -(d-C6alkylene)-NR14R15; -N(Rι3)-(Cι-C6alkylene)-NR14R15; -N[(d-C6alkylene)-NR14R15]2; or -N(Rι3)-N-R14R15, wherein Ri3 is hydrogen; C d2alkyl or unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by (optionally substituted in the alkyl moiety by hydroxy) N-mono- or N,N-di-d-C4alkylamino-, N-phenylamino-, N-naphthylamino-, phenyl-, phenoxy- or naphthyloxy, and R and R15 are each independently of the other hydrogen; unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted d-C^alkyl; unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above, or Ru and Rι5, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring that is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one unsubstituted d-dalkyl and/or substituted Ci-dalkyl, especially a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring, and R'3 and RV are each independently of the other hydrogen; Cι-C alkoxy; CI; hydroxy; phenyl; phenyl substituted by Od-C2alkyl, OH or d-dalkyl; N-mono- or N,N- di-CrC4alkylamino substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety; or -NR14R15; -(Cι-C6alkylene)-NR14R15; -N(R13)-(C1-C6alkylene)-NR14R15; -N[(Cι-C6alkylene)-NR14R15]2; or -N(Rι3)-N-Rι R15, wherein R13 is hydrogen; d-C^alkyl or unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by (optionally substituted in the alkyl moiety by hydroxy) N-mono- or N,N-di-Cι-C alkylamino-, N-phenylamino-, N-naphthylamino-, phenyl-, phenoxy- or naphthyloxy, and ι4 and R^are each independently of the other hydrogen; unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted d-C^alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above, or Rι and R15, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring that is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one unsubstituted d-C4alkyl and/or substituted Ci-dalkyl, especially a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring.
Especially preferred as ligands L are also those of formula (4) and/or (5)
Figure imgf000012_0001
wherein R'3 and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; d-dalkoxy; CI; hydroxy; phenyl; phenyl substituted by OC C2alkyl, OH or d-C alkyl; N-mono- or
N,N-di-d-C alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one Ci-dalkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised,
R'5 is d-dalkoxy; CI; hydroxy; phenyl; phenyl substituted by Od-C2alkyl, OH or Ci-dalkyl;
N-mono- or N.N-di-d-dalkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one Ci-dalkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised, with the proviso that (i) at least one of the substituents R'3j R'5 and RV is one of the radicals
\+ ^R15 - (CH2) ^N N \ / R N ' K16 wherein ι5 and Rι6 are independently from each other hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C C alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl and wherein the unbranched or branched alkylene group may be unsubstituted or substituted, and wherein the Ci-dalkyl groups, which are branched or unbranched independently of one another, may be unsubstituted or substituted and wherein the piperazine ring may be unsubstituted or substituted.
Ligands L to which special preference is given are those of formula (3)
Figure imgf000013_0001
wherein
R'3 and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; -OH; — N -N NH- -CH2CH2OH -OCH3; -OCH2CH3; -CI; VtvCH3 V CH2CH2OH \+ CH2CH2OH — N N-CH„ -N N- l\L -N _/ CH, ; — N V CH, ^_ CH,CH,OH
Figure imgf000014_0001
-N(CH3XCH2CH2OH) ; -N(CH2CH2OH)2 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)3 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)2 ; -N[CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2 ; -N[CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 ; -N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 and — [CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2
R'sis -OH; -OCH3; -OCH2CH3; -CI;
Figure imgf000014_0002
/ CH2CH2OH / \+,CH2CH2OH / N-CH, 3 • i — N N. -N l\LΛL1 V_/ CH, \ / CH, "N\ N H2CH2OH '
Figure imgf000014_0003
-N(CH3)(CH2CH2OH) ; -N(CH2CH2OH)2 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)3 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)2 ; -N[CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2 ; -N[CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 ; — N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 and
-N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2
Ligands L to which special preference is also given are those of formula (3)
Figure imgf000015_0001
wherein R'3 and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; -OH; -OCH3; -OCH2CH3; -CI;
-N -N NH- — N -CH2CH2OH N-CH,
\+,CH3 „CH2CH2OH Λ+,CH2CH2OH — N N. -N N. -N CH, CH, /N"CH CH,OH
Figure imgf000015_0002
-N(CH3)(CH2CH2OH) ; - N(CH2CH2OH)2 ; — HCH2CH2N(CH9)g ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)2 ; — N[CH2CH2
Figure imgf000015_0003
-N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 and — N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2
— N — N NH- — N N-CH2CH2OH
R'sis -OH; -OCH3; -OCH2CH3; -CI;
Figure imgf000015_0004
-N(CH3)(CH2CH2OH) ; - N(CH2CH2OH)2 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)3 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)2 ; -N[CH2CH2 (CH3)3]2 ; -N[CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 ; — N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 and
— [CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2j with the proviso that
(i) at least one of the substituents R'3) R'5 and RV is one of the radicals
\+ /C.-Cjalkyl -C1-C2alkyler|e- -N N \ C1-C2alkyl / N CrC2alkyl and/or wherein each alkylene group, each alkyl group and each piperazine ring may be independently of each other unsubstituted or substituted.
Ligands L to which special preference is also given are those of formula (4) and/or (5)
Figure imgf000016_0001
wherein
R'3 and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; -OH; -OCH3; -OCH2CH3;
-N -N NH- — N N- -CH2CH2OH — N N-CH, -CI; / .CH, / \+„CH2CH2OH +„CH2CH2OH — N N. -N N^u -N CH, \ / CH, CH2CH2OH
Figure imgf000016_0002
-N(CH3)(CH2CH2OH) ; - N(CH2CH2OH)2 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)3 ; + — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)2 ; — N[CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2 ; — N[CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2
-N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 and -N[CH2CH2CH2 (CH3)3J2] — N — N NH- — N N-CH2CH2OH
R's is -OH; -OCH3; -OCH2CH3; -CI; VIVCH3 ^CH2CH2OH +,CH2CH2OH — N N-CH, -N N. -N -N . CH, CH, CH2CH2OH
Figure imgf000017_0001
-N(CH3)(CH2CH2OH) ; - N(CH2CH2OH)2 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)3 ; — N CH2C 2N{CH3)2 ; - [CH2CH2 (CH3)3]2 ; -NIC^CH^fCH^ ; -N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 and — N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2
Ligands L to which special preference is also given are those of formula (4) and/or (5)
Figure imgf000017_0002
wherein
R's and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; -OH; -OCH3; -OCH2CH3;
— N -N NH- -N N- -CH2CH2OH -N N-CH, -CI;
Figure imgf000017_0003
-N(CH3)(CH2CH2OH) ; - N(CH2CH2OH)2 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)3 -NHCH2CH2N(CH3)2 ;
Figure imgf000018_0001
; — N[CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 ; -N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 and — N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2]
— -N NH- — N N-CH2CH2OH
R's is -OH; -OCH3; -OCH2CH3; -CI; \ / ' CH3 ( CH2CH2OH / \+,CH2CH2OH -N N-CH, — N ΛcH. ■N N-CH, N\ /N-CH "2,C*"H 2,OH
Figure imgf000018_0002
-N(CH3)(CH2CH2OH) ; - N(CH2CH2OH)2 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)3 ; — NHCH2CH2N(CH3)2 ; -N[CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2 ; -NtCH2CH2N(CH3)2]2 ; -N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3y2 and
— N[CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)3]2 with the proviso that
(i) at least one of the substituents R'3, R"5 and RV is one of the radicals ς .,
- (CHaJϊa-
Figure imgf000018_0003
wherein each alkylene group, each alkyl group and each piperazine ring may be independently of each other unsubstituted or substituted.
Preferred as L of formula (2) are compounds in which precisely 0 or 1 quaternised nitrogen atom is present.
Also preferred as L of formula (2) are compounds in which 0, 2 or 3 quaternised nitrogen atoms are present. Especially preferred as L of formula (2) are compounds in which none of the quaternised nitrogen atoms is bonded directly to one of the three rings A, B and/or C.
As polyphosphonate those of the following formula Rl N- (CH2CH2N)b-R18 I R18 wherein
R 8 is CH2P03H2 or a water soluble salt thereof and b is an integer of the value 0, 1, 2 or 3 are preferred.
Especially preferred are the polyphosphonates wherein b is an integer of the value of 1.
Metal complex compounds of formula (1) are known (e.g. from WO 02/088289) or can be obtained analogously to known processes. They are obtained in a manner known perse by reacting at least one ligand L of formula (2) in the desired molar ratio with a metal compound, especially a metal salt, such as the chloride, to form the corresponding metal complex. The reaction is carried out, for example, in a solvent, such as water or a lower alcohol, such as ethanol, at a temperature of, for example, from 10 to 60°C, especially at room temperature.
The metal complex compounds of formula (1), wherein the ligands L of formula (2) comprise quaternized nitrogen moieties can be prepared according to methods known perse. Such methods are described in K. T. Potts, D. Konwar, J. Org. Chem. 2000, 56, 4815-4816, E. C. Constable, M. D. Ward, J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans. 1990, 1405-1409, E. C. Constable, A. M. W. Cargill Thompson, New. J. Chem. 1992, 16, 855-867, G. Lowe etal., J. Med. Chem., 1999, 42, 999-1006, E.C. Constable, P. Harveson, D.R. Smith, L. Whall, Polyhedron 1997, 16, 3615-3623, R. J. Sundberg, S. Jiang, Org. Prep. Proced. Int. 1997, 29, 117-122, T. Sammakia, T. B. Hurley, J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 974-978 and J. Limburg et al., Science 1999, 283, 1524-1527.
Ligands of formula (2) that are substituted by hydroxy can also be represented as compounds having a pyridone structure in accordance with the following scheme (illustrated here using the example of a ligand of formula (2) substituted by hydroxy in the 4-position):
Figure imgf000020_0001
The special position of the above-mentioned hydroxy-substituted compounds is due to the fact that those ligands can be deprotonated and are therefore able to function as anionic ligands.
Generally, therefore, hydroxy-substituted compounds are also to be understood as including those having a corresponding pyridone structure.
Ligands of formula (3) can also be prepared in a manner known perse. Such preparation procedures are described, for example, in J. Chem. Soc, Dalton Trans. 1990, 1405-1409 (E.C. Constable etal.) and New. J. Chem. 1992, 16, 855-867.
Ligands of formulae (4) are known or can be prepared in a manner known perse.can also be prepared in a manner known perse [F.H. Case etal., J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32(5), 1591- 1596]). For that purpose, for example, one part pyridine-2-carboxylate and one part ethyl acetate can be reacted with sodium hydride, and the intermediate obtained after aqueous working-up, α β-keto ester, reacted with 2-amidinopyridine, yielding the corresponding pyrimidine derivative which can be converted into the chlorine compounds by reaction with a chlorinating agent, such as, for example, PCIs/POCI3. Reaction of those compounds with amines, as desired in the presence of an excess of redox-active salts of transition metals, such as manganese, iron or ruthenium, in order to accelerate substitution, yields amine- substituted bispyridyl-pyrimidines. Preparation procedures using the latter two metal ions are described, for example, in J. Chem. Soc, Dalton Trans. 1990, 1405-1409 (E.C. Constable et al.) and New. J. Chem. 1992, 16, 855-867.
It has now been found that, in order to accelerate replacement of halide by amine on the bispyridyl-pyrimidine structure, it is also possible to use catalytic amounts of non-transition metal salts, such as, for example, zinc(ll) salts, which substantially simplifies the reaction procedure and working-up. Ligands of formulae (4) can be prepared analogously to known processes (e.g. Patent Applications EP 555 180 and EP 556 156 or F.H. Case et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 905-906), by reacting two parts 2-cyanopyridine with urea or guanidine and a base. The metal complex compounds of formula (1 ) are preferably used together with peroxy compounds. Examples that may be mentioned in that regard include the following uses: a) the bleaching of stains or of soiling on textile material in the context of a washing process or by the direct application of a stain remover; b) the prevention of redeposition of migrating dyes during the washing of textile material; c) the cleaning of hard surfaces, especially kitchen surfaces, wall tiles or floor tiles, for example to remove stains that have formed as a result of the action of moulds ("mould stains"); (automatic) dishwasher formulation can also be prepared; d) use in washing and cleaning solutions having an antibacterial action; e) as pretreatment agents for bleaching textiles; f) as catalysts in selective oxidation reactions in the context of organic synthesis; g) waste water treatment; h) sterilisation and i) contact lens disinfection.
Α further use is concerned with the use of the metal complex compounds of formula (1 ) as catalysts for reactions for bleaching in the context of paper-making. This relates especially to the delignification of cellulose and bleaching of the pulp, which can be carried out in accordance with customary procedures. Also of interest is the use of the metal complex compounds of formula (1) as catalysts for reactions for the bleaching of waste printed paper.
.Preference is given to the use of the metal complex compounds of formula (1) as catalysts for reactions using molecular oxygen and/or air for the bleaching of stains or of soiling on textile material, the prevention of redeposition of migrating dyes in the context of a washing process, or the cleaning of hard surfaces, especially kitchen surfaces, wall tiles or floor tiles. The preferred metals are in this case manganese and/or iron.
It should be emphasised that the use of metal complex compounds, for example, in the bleaching of textile material, does not cause any appreciable damage to fibres and dyeings. Processes for bleaching stains in a washing liquor are usually carried out by adding to the washing liquor (which comprises a peroxy acid or their precursor together with H202 or a precursor of H202) one or more metal complex compounds of formula (1). Alternatively, it is possible to add a detergent that already comprises one or two metal complex compounds. It will be understood that in such an application, as well as in the other applications, the metal complex compounds of formula (1) can alternatively be formed in situ, the metal salt (e.g. manganese(ll) salt, such as manganese(ll) chloride, and/or iron(II) salt, such as iron(ll) chloride) and the ligand being added in the desired molar ratios.
The present invention relates also to a detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching composition containing
I) from 0 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0 to 30% by weight, A) of at least one anionic surfactant and/or B) of a non-ionic surfactant,
II) from 0 to 70% by weight, preferably from 0 to 50% by weight, C) of at least one builder substance,
III) 1 - 99% by weight, preferably 1 - 50% by weight, D) of a peroxide or a peroxide-forming substance,
IV) 0.01 - 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 - 5% by weight, E) of at least one polyphosphonate,
V) F) at least one metal complex compound of formula (1 ) in an amount that, in the liquor, gives a concentration of from 0.5 to 100 mg/litre of liquor, preferably from 1 to 50 mg/litre of liquor, when from 0.5 to 20 g/litre of the detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching agent are added to the liquor, and
VI) water ad 100% by weight.
The present invention relates also to a preferred detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching composition containing
I) from 0 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0 to 30% by weight, A) of at least one anionic surfactant and/or B) of a non-ionic surfactant,
II) from 0 to 70% by weight, preferably from 0 to 50% by weight, C) of at least one builder substance,
III) 1 - 99% by weight, preferably 1 - 50% by weight, D) of a peroxide or a peroxide-forming substance,
IV) 0.01 - 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 - 5% by weight, E) of at least one polyphosphonate of formula
Figure imgf000023_0001
wherein Rι8 is CH2P03H2 or a water soluble salt thereof and b is an integer of the value 0, 1, 2 or 3, V) F) at least one manganese complex compound of formula (1 ) comprising a ligand of formula (3), (4) and/ or (5) in an amount that, in the liquor, gives a concentration of from 0.5 to 100 mg/litre of liquor, preferably from 1 to 50 mg/litre of liquor, when from 0.5 to 20 g/litre of the detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching agent are added to the liquor, and Vi) water ad 100% by weight.
The present invention relates also to a more preferred detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching composition containing
I) from 0 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0 to 30% by weight, A) of at least one anionic surfactant and/or B) of a non-ionic surfactant,
II) from 0 to 70% by weight, preferably from 0 to 50% by weight, C) of at least one builder substance,
III) 1 - 99% by weight, preferably 1 - 50% by weight, D) of a peroxide or a peroxide-forming substance, IV) 0.01 - 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 - 5% by weight, E) of at least one polyphosphonate of formula
Rl N- (CH2CH2N)b-R18 I R18 wherein
Figure imgf000023_0002
b is an integer of the value 0, 1 , 2 or 3,
V) F) at least one manganese complex compound of formula (1 ) comprising a ligand of formula (3), (4) and/or (5) in an amount that, in the liquor, gives a concentration of from 0.5 to 100 mg/litre of liquor, preferably from 1 to 50 mg/litre of liquor, when from 0.5 to 20 g/litre of the detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching agent are added to the liquor, and VI) water ad 100% by weight.
The present invention relates also to an especially preferred detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching composition containing I) from 0 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0 to 30% by weight, A) of at least one anionic surfactant and/or B) of a non-ionic surfactant, II) from 0 to 70% by weight, preferably from 0 to 50% by weight, C) of at least one builder substance, ill) 1 - 99% by weight, preferably 1 - 50% by weight, D) of a peroxide or a peroxide-forming substance,
IV) 0.01 - 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 - 5% by weight, E) of at least one polyphosphonate of formula ^8 Rl N- (CH2CH2N)b-R18 I R18 wherein ι8 is CH2P03H2 and b is an integer of the value 1,
V) F) at least one manganese complex compound of formula ( 1 ) comprising a ligand of formula (3), (4) and/or (5) in an amount that, in the liquor, gives a concentration of from 0.5 to 100 mg/litre of liquor, preferably from 1 to 50 mg/litre of liquor, when from 0.5 to 20 g/litre of the detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching agent are added to the liquor, and
VI) water ad 100% by weight.
For the ligands of formulae (3), (4) and/or (5) [component F] all preferences as defined above apply for each detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching composition.
The above percentages are in each case percentages by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. The compositions preferably contain from 0.005 to 2% by weight of at least one metal complex compound of formula (1), especially from 0.01 to 1% by weight and preferably from 0.05 to 1 % by weight.
When the compositions according to the invention comprise a component A) and/or B), the amount thereof is preferably from 1 to 50%, especially from 1 to 30%, by weight. When the compositions according to the invention comprise a component C), the amount thereof is preferably from 1 to 70% by weight, especially from 1 to 50% by weight. Special preference is given to an amount of from 5 to 50% by weight and especially an amount of from 10 to 50% by weight.
Corresponding washing, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching processes are usually carried out by using an aqueous liquor containing from 0.1 to 200 mg of one or more compounds of formula (1) per litre of liquor. The liquor preferably contains from 1 to 50 mg of at least one compound of formula (1) perlifre of liquor. In order to increase activity, for example air and/or molecular oxygen can be blown through the liquor.
The composition according to the invention can be, for example, a peroxy acid or peroxy acid precursor containing heavy-duty detergent or a separate bleaching additive, or a stain remover that is to be applied directly. A bleaching additive is used for removing coloured stains on textiles in a separate liquor before the clothes are washed with a bleach-free detergent. A bleaching additive can also be used in a liquor together with a bleach-free detergent.
Stain removers can be applied directly to the textile in question and are used especially for pretreatment in the event of heavy local soiling. The stain remover can be applied in liquid form, by a spraying method or in the form of a solid substance.
Granules can be prepared, for example, by first preparing an initial powder by spray-drying an aqueous suspension comprising all the components listed above except for component F), and then adding the dry component F) and mixing everything together. It is also possible to add component F) to an aqueous suspension containing components A), B), C), D) and E) and then to carry out spray-drying.
It is also possible to start with an aqueous suspension that contains components A), C) and D), but none or only some of component B). The suspension is spray-dried, then component F) is mixed with component B) and added, and then component E) is mixed in the dry state. It is also possible to mix all the components together in the dry state.
The anionic surfactant A) can be, for example, a sulfate, sulfonate or carboxylate surfactant or a mixture thereof. Preference is given to alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, olefin sulfonates, fatty acid salts, alkyl and alkenyl ether carboxylates or to an α-sulfonic fatty acid salt or an ester thereof.
Preferred sulfonates are, for example, alkylbenzenesulfonates having from 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, alkyl sulfates having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, alkyl ether sulfates having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, and fatty acid salts derived from palm oil or tallow and having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety. The average molar number of ethylene oxide units added to the alkyl ether sulfates is from 1 to 20, preferably from 1 to 10. The cation in the anionic surfactants is preferably an alkaline metal cation, especially sodium or potassium, more especially sodium. Preferred carboxylates are alkali metal sarcosinates of formula R19-CON(R20)CH2COOM wherein Rιg is C9-Cι7alkyl or
Figure imgf000026_0001
is Cι-C alkyl and Mi is an alkali metal, especially sodium.
The non-ionic surfactant may be, for example, a primary or secondary alcohol ethoxylate, especially a C8-C20 aliphatic alcohol ethoxylated with an average of from 1 to 20 mol of ethylene oxide per alcohol group. Preference is given to primary and secondary Cι0-C 5 aliphatic alcohols ethoxylated with an average of from 1 to 10 mol of ethylene oxide per alcohol group. Non-ethoxylated non-ionic surfactants, for example alkylpolyglycosides, glycerol monoethers and polyhydroxyamides (glucamide), may likewise be used.
The total amount of anionic and non-ionic surfactants is preferably from 5 to 50% by weight, especially from 5 to 40% by weight and more especially from 5 to 30% by weight. The lower limit of those surfactants to which even greater preference is given is 10% by weight.
As builder substance C) there come into consideration, for example, carbonates and hydrogen carbonates, especially their sodium salts, silicates, aluminum silicates, polycarboxylates, polycarboxylic acids, and mixtures of such compounds.
Silicates that are especially suitable are sodium salts of crystalline layered silicates of the formula
Figure imgf000026_0002
.pH20 wherein t is a number from 1.9 to 4 and p is a number from 0 to 20. Among the aluminum silicates, preference is given to those commercially available under the names zeolite A, B, X and HS, and also to mixtures comprising two or more such components. Special preference is given to zeolite A. Among the polycarboxylates, preference is given to polyhydroxycarboxylates, especially citrates, and acrylates, and also to copolymers thereof with maleic anhydride. Preferred polycarboxylic acids are nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and ethylene- diamine disuccinate either in racemic form or in the enantiomerically pure (S,S) form. The compositions may comprise, in addition to the combination according to the invention, one or more optical brighteπers, for example from the classes bis-triazinylamino- stilbenedisulfonic acid, bis-triazolyl-stilbenedisulfonic acid, bis-styryl-biphenyl or bis- benzofuranylbiphenyl, α bis-benzoxalyl derivative, bis-benzimidazolyl derivative or coumarin derivative or a pyrazoline derivative.
The compositions may furthermore comprise one or more auxiliaries. Such auxiliaries are, for example, dirt-suspending agents, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose; pH regulators, for example alkali metal or alkaline earth metal silicates; foam regulators, for example soap; salts for adjusting the spray drying and the granulating properties, for ' example sodium sulfate; perfumes; and also, if appropriate, antistatics and softening agents such as, for example, smectite; bleaching agents; pigments; and/or toning agents. These constituents should especially be stable to any bleaching agent employed. Such auxiliaries are added in a total amount of from 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 10% by weight, especially from 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the detergent formulation.
The compositions may comprise, in addition to the combination according to the invention, one or more optical brighteners, for example from the classes bis-triazinylamino- stilbenedisulfonic acid, bis-triazolyl-stilbenedisulfonic acid, bis-styryl-biphenyl or bis- benzofuranylbiphenyl, α bis-benzoxalyl derivative, bis-benzimidazolyl derivative or coumarin derivative or a pyrazoline derivative.
The compositions may furthermore comprise one or more auxiliaries. Such auxiliaries are, for example, dirt-suspending agents, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose; pH regulators, for example alkali metal or alkaline earth metal silicates; foam regulators, for example soap; salts for adjusting the spray drying and the granulating properties, for example sodium sulfate; perfumes; and also, if appropriate, antistatics and softening agents such as, for example, smectite; bleaching agents; pigments; and/or toning agents. These constituents should especially be stable to any bleaching agent employed.
Such auxiliaries are added in a total amount of from 0.1 to 20 wt-%, preferably from 0.5 to 10 wt-%, especially from 0.5 to 5 wt-%, based on the total weight of the detergent formulation.
Furthermore, the detergent may optionally also comprise enzymes. Enzymes can be added for the purpose of stain removal. The enzymes usually improve the action on stains caused by protein or starch, such as, for example, blood, milk, grass or fruit juices. Preferred enzymes are amylases and proteases, especially proteases. Other preferred enzymes include lipases, cellulases and mannanases.
Amylases: The present invention preferably makes use of amylases having improved stability in detergents, especially improved oxidative stability. Such amylases are non-limitingly illustrated by the following: (a) An amylase according to WO 94/02597, Novo Nordisk A/S as further illustrated by a mutant in which substitution is made, using alanine or threonine (preferably threonine), of the methionine residue located inφosition 197 of the B.licheniformis alpha-amylase, known as TERMAMYL®, or the homologous position variation of a similar parent amylase, such as B. amyloliquefaciens, B.subtilis, or B.stearothermophilus; (b) Stability-enhanced amylases as described by Genencor International in a paper entitled "Oxidatively Resistant -Amylases" presented at the 207th American Chemical Society National Meeting, March 13-17 1994, by C. Mitchinson. Therein it was noted that bleaches in automatic dishwashing detergents inactivate alpha-amylases but that improved oxidative stability amylases have been made by Genencor from B. Hcheniformis NCIB8061. Other commercially available detergent amylases, such as Duramyl®, Stainzyme®, Natalase®, Ban® and Fungamyl®, are sold e.g. by NOVOZYMES A/S. Any other oxidative stability-enhanced amylase can be used.
Proteases: Protease enzymes are usually present in preferred embodiments of the invention at levels between 0.001 wt-% and 5 wt-%. The proteolytic enzyme can be of animal, vegetable or microorganism (preferred) origin. More preferred is serine proteolytic enzyme of bacterial origin. Purified or nonpurified forms of enzyme may be used. Proteolytic enzymes produced by chemically or genetically modified mutants are included by definition, as are close structural enzyme variants. Suitable commercial proteolytic enzymes include Alcalase®, Esperase®, Everlase®, Durazyme®, Savinase®, Maxatase®, Kannase®, Maxacal®, and Maxapem® 15 (protein engineered Maxacal). Purafect® and subtilising BPN and BPN' are also commercially available.
Lipase: Lipases work on greasy soil and stains. When present, lipases comprise from about 0.001 wt-% to about 5 wt-% of the detergent or cleaning formulation. Suitable lipases for use herein include those of bacterial, animal and fungal origin, including those from chemically or genetically modified mutants. Commercially available detergent lipases, such as Lipolase®, Lipolase Ultra® and Lipoprime®, are sold e.g. by NOVOZYMES A/S. When incorporating lipases into the instant compositions, their stability and effectiveness may in certain instances be enhanced by combining them with small amounts (e.g., less than 0.5 wt-% of the composition) of oily but non-hydrolyzing materials.
Cellulases: Cellulases are enzymes that react with cellulose and its derivatives and hydrolyse them to form glucose, cellobiose and cellooligosaccharides. Cellulases remove dirt and, in addition, have the effect of enhancing the soft handle of the fabric and reduce graying. Commercially available cellulases, such as Celluzyme®, Careuyme® and Endolase® are, are sold e.g. by NOVOZYMES AΛΛ
The enzymes, when used, may be present in a total amount of from 0.01 to 5% by weight, especially from 0.05 to 5 wt-% and more especially from 0.1 to 4 wt-%, based on the total weight of the detergent formulation.
In a hardsurface cleaner, especially in a composition used for automatic dishwasher the following enzymes are also commonly used: proteases, amylases, pullulanases, cutinases and lipases, for example proteases such as BLAP®, Optimase®, Opticlean®, Maxacal®, Maxapem®, Esperase® and/or Savinase®, amylases such as Termamyl®, Amylase-LT®, Maxamyl® and/or Duramyl®, lipases such as Lipolase®, Lipomax®, Lumafast® and/or Lipozym®. The enzymes which may be used can, as described e.g. in International Patent Applications WO 92/11347 and WO 94/23005, be adsorbed on carriers and/or embedded in encapsulating substances in order to safeguard them against premature inactivation. They are present in the cleaning formulations according to the invention preferably in amounts not exceeding 5 wt-%, especially in amounts of from 0.1 wt-% to 1.2 wt-%.
In order to enhance the bleaching action, the compositions may, in addition to the catalysts described herein, also comprise photocatalysts the action of which is based on the generation of singlet oxygen.
Further preferred additives to the compositions according to the invention are dye-fixing agents and/or polymers which, during the washing of textiles, prevent staining caused by dyes in the washing liquor that have been released from the textiles under the washing conditions. Such polymers are preferably polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyvinylimidazoles or poIyvinylpyridine-N-oxides, which may have been modified by the incorporation of anionic or cationic substituents, especially those having a molecular weight in the range of from , 5000 to 60 000, more especially from 10000 to 50 000. Such polymers are usually used in a total amount of from 0.01 to 5% by weight, especially from 0.05 to 5% by weight, more especially from 0.1 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the detergent formulation. Preferred polymers are those mentioned in WO-A-02/02865 (see especially page 1, last paragraph and page 2, first paragraph).
The detergent formulations can take a variety of physical forms such as, for example, powder granules, tablets (tabs) and liquid. Examples thereof include, inter alia, conventional high- performance detergent powders, supercompact high-performance detergent powders and tabs. One important physical form is the so-called concentrated granular form, which is added to a washing machine.
Also of importance are so-called compact or supercompact detergents. In the field of detergent manufacture, there is a trend towards the production of such detergents that contain an increased amount of active substances. In order to minimize energy consumption during the washing procedure, compact or supercompact detergents need to act effectively at low washing temperatures, for example below 40°C, or even at room temperature (25°C). Such detergents usually contain only small amounts of fillers or of substances, such as sodium sulfate or sodium chloride, required for detergent manufacture. The total amount of such substances is usually from 0 to 10% by weight, especially from 0 to 5% by weight, more especially from 0 to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the detergent formulation. Such (super)compact detergents usually have a bulk density of from 650 to 1000 g/l, especially from 700 to 1000 g/l and more especially from 750 to 1000 g/l.
The detergent formulations can also be in the form of tablets (tabs). The advantages of tabs reside in the ease of dispensing and convenience in handling. Tabs are the most compact form of solid detergent formulation and usually have a volumetric density of, for example, from 0.9 to 1.3 kg/litre. To achieve rapid dissolution, such tabs generally contain special dissolution aids:
- carbonate/hydrogen carbonate/citric acid as effervescents;
- disintegrators, such as cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose or cross-linked poly(N-vinyl- pyrrolidone); - rapidly dissolving materials, such as sodium (potassium) acetates, or sodium (potassium) citrates;
- rapidly dissolving, water-soluble, rigid coating agents, such as dicarboxylic acids. The tabs may also comprise combinations of such dissolution aids.
The detergent formulation may also be in the form of an aqueous liquid containing from 5 to 50% by weight, preferably from 10 to 35% by weight, of water or in the form of a non- aqueous liquid containing no more than 5% by weight, preferably from 0 to 1% by weight, of water. Non-aqueous liquid detergent formulations may comprise other solvents as carriers. Low molecular weight primary or secondary alcohols, for example methanol, ethanol, propanol and isopropanol, are suitable for that purpose. The solubilising surfactant used is preferably a monohydroxy alcohol but polyols, such as those containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and from 2 to 6 hydroxy groups (e.g., 1,3-propanediol, ethylene glycol, glycerol and 1,2-propanediol) can also be used. Such carriers are usually used in a total amount of from 5% to 90% by weight, preferably from 10% to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the detergent formulation. The detergent formulations can also used in so-called "unit liquid dose" form. The invention relates also to granules that comprise the catalysts according to the invention and are suitable for incorporation into a powder-form or granular detergent, cleaning or bleaching composition. Such granules preferably comprise: a) from 1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 1 to 40% by weight, especially from 1 to 30% by weight, of at least one metal complex compound of formula (1 ), b) from 0.01 - 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 - 5% by weight, E) of at least one polyphosphonate, c) from 1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 10 to 99% by weight, especially from 20 to 80% by weight, of at least one binder, d) from 0 to 20% by weight, especially from 1 to 20% by weight, of at least one encapsulating material, e) from 0 to 20% by weight of at least one further additive and f) from 0 to 20% by weight water.
For metal complex compound of formula (1) [component a)] as well as for the polyphosphonate [component b)] all preferences as defined above apply for each granule.
As binder (c) there come into consideration water-soluble, dispersible or water-emulsifiable anionic dispersants, non-ionic dispersants, polymers and waxes.
The anionic dispersants used are, for example, commercially available water-soluble anionic dispersants for dyes, pigments etc..
The following products, especially, come into consideration: condensation products of aromatic sulfonic acids and formaldehyde, condensation products of aromatic sulfonic acids with unsubstituted or chlorinated diphenyls or diphenyl oxides and optionally formaldehyde,
(mono-/di-)alkylnaphthalenesulfonates, sodium salts of polymerised organic sulfonic acids, sodium salts of polymerised alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acids, sodium salts of polymerised alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, alkylarylsulfonates, sodium salts of alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates, polyalkylated polynuclear arylsulfonates, methylene-linked condensation products of arylsulfonic acids and hydroxyarylsulfonic acids, sodium salts of dialkylsulfosuccinic acid, sodium salts of alkyl diglycol ether sulfates, sodium salts of polynaphthalenemethanesulfonates, lignosulfonates or oxylignosulfonates and heterocyclic polysulfonic acids. Especially suitable anionic dispersants are condensation products of naphthalenesulfonic acids with formaldehyde, sodium salts of polymerised organic sulfonic acids, (mono-/di-)- alkylnaphthalenesulfonates, polyalkylated polynuclear arylsulfonates, sodium salts of polymerised alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, lignosulfonates, oxylignosulfonates and condensation products of naphthalenesulfonic acid with a polychloromethyldiphenyl.
Suitable non-ionic dispersants are especially compounds having a melting point of, preferably, at least 35°C that are emulsifiable, dispersible or soluble in water, for example the following compounds:
1. fatty alcohols having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, especially cetyl alcohol; 2. addition products of, preferably, from 2 to 80 mol of alkylene oxide, especially ethylene oxide, wherein some of the ethylene oxide units may have been replaced by substituted epoxides, such as styrene oxide and/or propylene oxide, with higher unsaturated or saturated monoalcohols, fatty acids, fatty amines or fatty amides having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms or with benzyl alcohols, phenyl phenols, benzyl phenols or alkyl phenols, the alkyl radicals of which have at least 4 carbon atoms;
3. alkylene oxide, especially propylene oxide, condensation products (block polymers);
4. ethylene oxide/propylene oxide adducts with diamines, especially ethylenediamine;
5. reaction products of a fatty acid having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms and a primary or secondary amine having at least one hydroxy-lower alkyl or lower alkoxy-lower alkyl group, or alkylene oxide addition products of such hydroxyalkyl-group-containing reaction products;
6. sorbitan esters, preferably having long-chain ester groups, or ethoxylated sorbitan esters, such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate having from 4 to 10 ethylene oxide units or polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate having from 4 to 20 ethylene oxide units; 7. addition products of propylene oxide with a tri- to hexa-hydric aliphatic alcohol having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, e.g. glycerol or pentaerythritol; and 8. fatty alcohol polyglycol mixed ethers, especially addition products of from 3 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide and from 3 to 30 mol of propylene oxide with aliphatic monoalcohols having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
Especially suitable non-ionic dispersants are surfactants of formula
R2s-0-(alkylene-0)n-R24 (7), wherein
Rjs is Cs-Qaalkyl or C8-C18alkenyl;
R24 is hydrogen; Cι-C4alkyl; a cycloaliphatic radical having at least 6 carbon atoms; or benzyl; "alkylene" is an alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms and n is a number from 1 to 60.
The substituents R and R24 in formula (7) are advantageously each the hydrocarbon radical of an unsaturated or, preferably, saturated aliphatic monoalcohol having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon radical may be straight-chain or branched. R^ and R24 are preferably each independently of the other an alkyl radical having from 9 to 14 carbon atoms.
Aliphatic saturated monoalcohols that come into consideration include natural alcohols, e.g. lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol or stearyl alcohol, and also synthetic alcohols, e.g. 2-ethylhexanoi, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutanol, octan-2-ol, isononyl alcohol, trimethylhexanoi, trimethylnonyl alcohol, decanol, d-CnOxo-alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol and linear primary alcohols (Alfols) having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
Some examples of such Alfols are Alfol (8-10), Alfol (9-11), Alfol (10-14), Alfol (12-13) and
Alfol (16-18). ("Alfol" is a registered trade mark of the company Sasol Limited).
Unsaturated aliphatic monoalcohols are, for example, dodecenyl alcohol, hexadecenyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol.
The alcohol radicals may be present singly or in the form of mixtures of two or more components, e.g. mixtures of alkyl and/or alkenyl groups that are derived from soybean fatty acids, palm kernel fatty acids or tallow oils.
(Alkylene-O) chains are preferably bivalent radicals of the formulae CHo CH I I
-(CH2-CH2-0)-, .(CH.CH o). and -(CH2-CH-Q)- •
Examples of a cycloaliphatic radical include cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl and preferably cyclohexyl.
As non-ionic dispersants there come into consideration preferably surfactants of formula γι Y2 3 Y4 (8) I I I I R25-0-(CH-CH-0)f^CH-CH-0);r3R26 wherein
R25 is C8-C22alkyl; R26 is hydrogen or Ci-dalkyl;
Y1. Y2, Y3 and Y are each independently of the others hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; n2 is a number from 0 to 8; and n3 is a number from 2 to 40. Further important non-ionic dispersants correspond to formula γβ Y7 Y8 1 1 I I (9), R27-0-(CH-CH-θ7— (CH-CH-O7-R28
wherein
R27 is C9-C14alkyl; R28 is d-dalkyl;
Y5, Yβ, Y7 and Y8 are each independently of the others hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, one of the radicals Y5, Y6 and one of the radicals Y7, Yβ always being hydrogen; and n4 and n5 are each independently of the other an integer from 4 to 8.
The non-ionic dispersants of formulae (7) to (9) can be used in the form of mixtures. For example, as surfactant mixtures there come into consideration non-end-group-terminated fatty alcohol ethoxylates of formula (7), e.g. compounds of formula (7) wherein
Figure imgf000035_0001
R24 is hydrogen and the alkylene-0 chain is the radical -(CH2-CH2-0)- and also end-group-terminated fatty alcohol ethoxylates of formula (9). Examples of non-ionic dispersants of formulae (7), (8) and (9) include reaction products of a Cιo-C 3fatty alcohol, e.g. a Cι3oxo-alcohol, with from 3 to 10 mol of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide and the reaction product of one mol of a Cι3fatty alcohol with 6 mol of ethylene oxide and 1 mol of butylene oxide, it being possible for the addition products each to be end-group-terminated with Cι-C4alkyl, preferably methyl or butyl.
Such dispersants can be used singly or in the form of mixtures of two or more dispersants. Instead of, or in addition to, the anionic or non-ionic dispersant, the granules according to the invention may comprise a water-soluble organic polymer as binder. Such polymers may be used singly or in the form of mixtures of two or more polymers.
Water-soluble polymers that come into consideration are, for example, polyethylene glycols, copolymers of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide, gelatin, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyvinylpyrrolidoπes, vinylpyrrolidones, vinyl acetates, polyvinylimidazoles, polyvinylpyridine-N-oxides, copolymers of vinyl pyrrol idone with long-chain α-olefins, copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone with vinylimidazole, poly(vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethyI methacrylates), copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamides, copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropyl acrylamides, quaternised copolymers of vinylpyrrolidones and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylates, terpolymers of vinylcaprolactam/ vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylates, copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and methacrylamidopropyl-trimethylammonium chloride, terpolymers of caprolactam/vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylates, copolymers of styrene and acrylic acid, polycarboxylic acids, polyacrylamides, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl acetate, hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate, copolymers of ethyl acrylate with methacrylate and methacrylic acid, copolymers of aleic acid with unsaturated hydrocarbons, and also mixed polymerisation products of the mentioned polymers.
Of those organic polymers, special preference is given to polyethylene glycols, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, gelatin, hydrolysed polyvinyl acetates, copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate, and also polyacrylates, copolymers of ethyl acrylate with methacrylate and methacrylic acid, and polymethacrylates.
Suitable water-emulsifiable or water-dispersible binders also include paraffin waxes.
Encapsulating materials (d) include especially water-soluble and water-dispersible polymers and waxes. Of those materials, preference is given to polyethylene glycols, polyamides, polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, gelatin, hydrolysed polyvinyl acetates, copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate, and also polyacrylates, paraffins, fatty acids, copolymers of ethyl acrylate with methacrylate and methacrylic acid, and polymethacrylates. Further additives (e) that come into consideration are, for example, wetting agents, dust removers, water-insoluble or water-soluble dyes or pigments, and also dissolution accelerators, optical brighteners and sequestering agents.
The preparation of the granules according to the invention is carried out, for example, starting from: i) a solution or suspension with a subsequent drying/shaping step or ii) a suspension of the active ingredient in a melt with subsequent shaping and solidification.
i) First of all the anionic or non-ionic dispersant and/or the polymer and, optionally, the further additives are dissolved in water and stirred, if desired with heating, until a homogeneous solution is obtained. The catalyst according to the invention is then dissolved or suspended in the resulting aqueous solution. The solids content of the solution should preferably be at least 30% by weight, especially from 40 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the solution. The viscosity of the solution is preferably less than 200 mPas. The aqueous solution so prepared, comprising the catalyst according to the invention, is then subjected to a drying step in which all water, with the exception of a residual amount, is removed, solid particles (granules) being formed at the same time. Known methods are suitable for producing the granules from the aqueous solution. In principle, both continuous methods and discontinuous methods are suitable. Continuous methods are preferred, espe- aily spray-drying and fluidised bed granulation processes.
Especially suitable are spray-drying processes in which the active ingredient solution is sprayed into a chamber with circulating hot air. The atomisation of the solution is effected e.g. using unitary or binary nozzles or is brought about by the spinning effect of a rapidly rotating disc. In order to increase the particle size, the spray-drying process may be combined with an additional agglomeration of the liquid particles with solid nuclei in a fluidised bed that forms an integral part of the chamber (so-called fluid spray). The fine particles (<100 μm) obtained by a conventional spray-drying process may, if necessary after being separated from the exhaust gas flow, be fed as nuclei, without further treatment, directly into the atom izing cone of the atomiser of the spray-dryer for the purpose of agglomeration with the liquid droplets of the active ingredient.
During the granulation step, the water can rapidly be removed from the solutions comprising the catalyst according to the invention, binder and further additives. It is expressly intended that agglomeration of the droplets forming in the atomising cone, or agglomeration of droplets with solid particles, will take place.
If necessary, the granules formed in the spray-dryer are removed in a continuous process, for example by a sieving operation. The fines and the oversize particles are either recycled directly to the process (without being redissolved) or are dissolved in the liquid active ingredient formulation and subsequently granulated again.
A further preparation method according to i) is a process in which the polymer is mixed with water and then the catalyst is dissolved/suspended in the polymer solution, thus forming an aqueous phase, the catalyst according to the invention being homogeneously distributed in that phase. At the same time or subsequently, the aqueous phase is dispersed in a water- immiscible liquid in the presence of a dispersion stabiliser in order that a stable dispersion is formed. The water is then removed from the dispersion by distillation, forming substantially dry particles. In those particles, the catalyst is homogeneously distributed in the polymer matrix.
The granules according to the invention are resistant to abrasion, low in dust, pourable and readily meterable. They can be added directly to a formulation, such as a detergent formulation, in the desired concentration of the catalyst according to the invention.
Where the coloured appearance of the granules in the detergent is to be suppressed, this can be achieved, for example, by embedding the granules in a droplet of a whitish meltable substance ("water-soluble wax") or by adding a white pigment (e.g. Ti02) to the granule formulation or, preferably, by encapsulating the granules in a melt consisting, for example, of a water-soluble wax, as described in EP-A-0323407, a white solid being added to the melt in order to reinforce the masking effect of the capsule.
ii) The catalyst according to the invention is dried in a separate step prior to the melt- granulation and, if necessary, dry-ground in a mill so that all the solids particles are < 50 μm in size. The drying is carried out in an apparatus customary for the purpose, for example in a paddle dryer, vacuum cabinet or freeze-dryer.
The finely particulate catalyst is suspended in the molten carrier material and homogenised. The desired granules are produced from the suspension in a shaping step with simultaneous solidification of the melt. The choice of a suitable melt-granulation process is made in accordance with the desired size of granules. In principle, any process which can be used to produce granules in a particle size of from 0.1 to 4 mm is suitable. Such processes are droplet processes (with solidification on a cooling belt or during free fall in cold air), melt- prilling (cooling medium gas/liquid), and flake formation with a subsequent comminution step, the granulation apparatus being operated continuously or discontinuously. Where the coloured appearance of the granules prepared from a melt is to be suppressed in the detergent, in addition to the catalyst it is also possible to suspend in the melt white or coloured pigments which, after solidification, impart the desired coloured appearance to the granules (e.g. titanium dioxide).
If desired, the granules can be covered with or encapsulated in an encapsulating material. Methods that come into consideration for such an encapsulation include the customary methods and also encapsulation of the granules by a melt consisting e.g. of a water-soluble wax, as described, for example, in EP-A-0 323407, coacervation, complex coacervation and surface polymerisation.
Encapsulating materials (d) include e.g. water-soluble, water-dispersible or water- emulsifiable polymers and waxes.
As further additives (e) there come into consideration, for example, wetting agents, dust removers, water-insoluble or water-soluble dyes or pigments, and also dissolution accelerators, optical brighteners and sequestering agents.
Other product forms of the present invention include product forms specifically developed for industrial and institutional cleaning, for example liquid solutions of the catalyst in water or organic solvents or solid forms such as powders or granules which can be dosed in a separate bleaching step of the cleaning application.
Surprisingly, the metal complex compounds of formula (1) also exhibit a markedly improved bleach-catalysing action on coloured stains occurring on kitchen surfaces, wall tiles or floor tiles. The use of at least one metal complex compound of formula (1) as catalyst(s) in cleaning solutions for hard surfaces, especially for kitchen surfaces, wall tiles or floor tiles, is therefore of special interest.
The metal complex compounds of formula (1 ) and the corresponding ligands also have excellent antibacterial action. The use thereof for killing bacteria or for protecting against bacterial attack is therefore likewise of interest.
The metal complex compounds of formula (1) are also outstandingly suitable for selective oxidation in the context of organic synthesis, especially the oxidation of organic molecules, e.g. of olefins to form epoxides. Such selective transformation reactions are required especially in process chemistry. The invention accordingly relates also to the use of the metal complex compounds of formula (1) in selective oxidation reactions in the context of organic synthesis. The following Examples serve to illustrate the invention but do not limit the invention thereto. Parts and percentages relate to weight, unless otherwise indicated. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius, unless otherwise indicated.
EXAMPLES
SYNTHESIS OF 4'-SUBSTITUTED TERPYRIDINES AND 4-PYRIDONES
Example 1: TH-[2,2';6,,2,']Terpyridin-4'-one (hereinafter called L1)
Figure imgf000040_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 1 (page 26) of WO 02/088289. Example 2: 4'-Chloro-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L2)
Figure imgf000041_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 2 (page 27) of WO 02/088289.
Example 3: 4'-Ethoxy-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L3)
Figure imgf000041_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 3 (page 28) of WO 02/088289.
Example 4: [2,2';6',2"]Terpyrid-4'-yl-hydrazine (hereinafter called L4)
Figure imgf000041_0003
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 4 (page 28) of WO 02/088289.
Example 5: 2-(Methyl-[2,2';6',2"]terpyrid-4'-yl-amino)-ethanol (hereinafter called L5)
Figure imgf000041_0004
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 5 (page 29) of WO 02/088289. Example 6: 4'-Pyrrolidin-1-yl-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L6)
Figure imgf000042_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 6 (page 29) of WO 02/088289. Example 7: 2-[(2-Hydroxy-ethyl)-[2,2';6',2"]terpyrid-4'-yl-amino]-ethanol (hereinafter called L7)
Figure imgf000042_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 7 (page 30) of WO 02/088289.
Example 8: 4'-(4-MethyI-piperazin-1-yl)-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L8)
Figure imgf000042_0003
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 8 (page 31) of WO 02/088289. Example 8b: 1,1-Dimethyl-4-[2,2';6',2"]terpyrid-4'-yl-piperazin-1-ium iodide (hereinafter called L8b)
Figure imgf000043_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 8b (page 31) of WO 02/088289.
Example 9: 4'-Azepan-1-yl-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L9)
Figure imgf000043_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 9 (page 32) of WO 02/088289.
Example 10: ^-Piperidin-l-yl-p. jβ'. 'lterpyridine (hereinafter called L10)
Figure imgf000043_0003
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 10 (page 32) of WO 02/088289. Example 11: 4'-Morpholin-4-yl-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L11)
Figure imgf000044_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 11 (page 33) of WO 02/088289.
Example 12: 4'-(4-tert-Butyl-phenyl)-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L12)
Figure imgf000044_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 12 (page 33) of WO 02/088289.
Example 13: 4'-(4-lsopropyl-phenvl)-f2.2':6',2"lterpvridine (hereinafter called L13)
Figure imgf000044_0003
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 13 (page 34) of WO 02/088289. Example 14: 4,-p-Tolyl-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L14)
Figure imgf000045_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 14 (page 34) of WO 02/088289.
Example 15: 4'-Biphenyl-4-yl-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L15)
Figure imgf000045_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 15 (page 35) of WO 02/088289.
SYNTHESIS OF BUILDING BLOCKS FOR POLYSUBSTITUTED LIGANDS OF THE PYRIDONE TYPE
Example 16: 4-Chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 16 (page 35) of WO 02/088289.
Example 17: 4-Chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
Figure imgf000045_0003
a) Step 1: 10.0 ml (0.130 mol) of N,N-dimethylformamide are added dropwise to 295 ml of (4.06 mol) of thionyl chloride at 40<,C with stirring. 100 g (0.812 mol) of picolinic acid are then added in the course of half an hour. The mixture is cautiously heated to 70°C and stirred at that temperature for 24 hours, the gases formed being conveyed away through a wash bottle charged with sodium hydroxide solution. Concentration and co-evaporation a further three times with 100 ml of toluene each time are carried out, the residue is diluted with that solvent to 440 ml, and the solution is introduced into a mixture of 120 ml of absolute ethanol and 120 ml of toluene. The mixture is concentrated to approximately half its volume, cooled to 4°C, filtered with suction and washed with toluene.4-chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride is obtained in the form of a beige, hygroscopic powder, b) Step 2: The hydrochloride obtained in Step 1 is taken up in 300 ml of ethyl acetate and 200 ml of deionised water and rendered neutral with 4N sodium hydroxide solution. After separation of the phases, extraction is carried out twice using 200 ml of ethyl acetate each time. The organic phases are combined, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. 4-Chloro- pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester is obtained in the form of a brown oil which, if required, can be purified by distillation. 1H-NMR (360 MHz, CDCI3): 8.56 (d, 1H, J=5.0 Hz); 8.03 (d, 1H, J=1.8 Hz); 7.39 (dd, 1H, J=5.4,1.8 Hz); 4.39 (q, 2H, J=7.0 Hz); 1.35 (t, 3 H, J=7.0 Hz).
Example 18: 4-Ethoxy-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 17 (page 36) of WO 02/088289. Example 19: 4-Pyrrolidin-1-yl-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 18 (page 36) of WO 02/088289.
Example 20: 1 ,5-Bis(4-chloropyrid-2-yl)-pentane-1 ,3,5-trione
Figure imgf000046_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 19 (page 37) of Example 21: 1 ,5-Bis(4-ethoxy-pyrid-2-yl)-pentane-1 ,3,5-trione
Figure imgf000047_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 20 (page 37) of WO 02/088289.
Example 22: 1 ,5-Bis(4-pyrrolidin-1-yl-pyrid-2-yl)-pentane-1 ,3,5-trione
Figure imgf000047_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 21 (page 37) of WO 02/088289.
Example 23: 1-Pyrid-2-yl-butane-1,3-dione
Under argon, a solution of 8.71 g (150 mmol) of dry acetone in 100 ml of absolute tetrahydrofuran is added to a solution of 20.42 g (300 mmol) of sodium ethanolate in 300 ml of absolute tetrahydrofuran. A solution of 22.68 g (150 mmol) of pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester in 100 ml of absolute tetrahydrofuran is then added dropwise in the course of 20 minutes. The mixture is stirred for 15 hours at room temperature and for four hours at boiling temperature. Concentration is carried out using a rotary evaporator, 150 ml of water are added, and the mixture is rendered neutral by glacial acetic acid. Extraction is carried out twice with diethyl ether, and the organic extracts are combined and dried (sodium sulfate), yielding 1-pyrid-2-yl-butane-1,3-dione in the form of an orange oil after concentration using a rotary evaporator. 1H-NMR (360 MHz, CDCI3) for enol tautomer: 15.8 - 15.5 (br s, OH); 8.60-8.55 (dm, 1H); 8.20 - 7.95 (dm, 1H); 7.79-7.71 (tm, 1H); 7.35 - 7.29 (m, 1H); 6.74 (s, 1H); 2.15 (s, 3H). Keto tautomer: CH2- group at 4.20 ppm (enol/keto form ratio = 87:13). Example 24: 1-(4-Chloro-pyrid-2-yl)-5-pyrid-2-yl-pentane-1 ,3,5-trione
Figure imgf000048_0001
At boiling temperature, a mixture of 21.3 g (131 mmol) of 1-pyrid-2-yl-butaπe-1,3-dione and 36.3 g (196 mmol) of 4-chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester in 100 ml of absolute tetrahydrofuran is added dropwise in the course of two hours to 10.43 g (261 mmol, apprax. 60% dispersion) of sodium hydride in 200 ml of absolute tetrahydrofuran. The mixture is then stirred for a further 2 hours at 70°C and concentrated using a rotary evaporator and then, at 4°C, 200 ml of water are cautiously added. The mixture is rendered neutral with 5N hydrochloric acid, and 1-(4-chloro-pyrid-2-yl)-5-pyrid-2-yl-pentane-1,3,5-trione is filtered off in the form of a yellowish-green solid. The dried, sparingly soluble product is further processed without special purification steps.
SYNTHESIS OF POLYSUBSTITUTED TERPYRIDINES AND PYRIDONES
Example 25: 4,4"-Dichloro-1'H-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one (hereinafter called L16)
Figure imgf000048_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 22 (page 38) of WO 02/088289.
Example 26: 4,4"-Diethoxy-1
Figure imgf000048_0003
(hereinafter called L17)
Figure imgf000048_0004
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 23 (page 38) of WO 02/088289. Example 27: 4,4"-Di-py olidin-1-yl-1'H-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4,-one (hereinafter called L18)
Figure imgf000049_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 24 (page 39) of WO 02/088289.
Example 28: 4.4"-Bisr(2-hvdroxv-ethvl)-methvl-amino1-1 Η-r2.2':6'.2"jterpvridin-4'-one (hereinafter called L19)
Figure imgf000049_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 25 (page 39) of WO 02/088289.
Example 29: 4,4"-Diethoxy-4'-methoxy-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L20)
Figure imgf000049_0003
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 26 (page 40) of WO 02/088289.
Example 30: 4'-Methoxy-4,4"-di-pyrrolidin-1 -yl-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L21 )
Figure imgf000049_0004
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 27 (page 40) of Example 31: 4,4',4"-Trichloro-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L22)
Figure imgf000050_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 28 (page 41) of WO 02/088289.
Example 32: 4,4',4"-Triethoxy-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L23)
Figure imgf000050_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 29 (page 41) of WO 02/088289.
Example 33: 4,4',4"-Tri-pyrrolidin-1-yi-[2,2';6,,2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L24)
Figure imgf000050_0003
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 30 (page 42) of WO 02/088289.
Example 34: 2-((4',4"-Bisr(2-hvdroxv-ethvl)-methvl-amino1-r2,2':6'.2"lterpvridin^-vll-methvl- amino)-ethanol (hereinafter called L25)
Figure imgf000051_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 31 (page 42) of WO 02/088289.
Example 35: 4'-Chloro^,4"-diethoxy-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L26)
Figure imgf000051_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 32 (page 43) of WO 02/088289.
Example 36: 4,4"-Diethoxy-4'-pyrrolidin-1 -yl-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridine (hereinafter called L27)
Figure imgf000051_0003
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 33 (page 43) of WO 02/088289.
Example 37: 2-[(4,4"-Diethoxy-[2,2';6',2"]terpyrid^l-,-yl)-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amino]-ethanol (hereinafter called L28)
Figure imgf000051_0004
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 34 (page 44) of Example 38: 6,6"-Bis(2-methoxyphenyl)-2,2':6':2"-terpyridine (hereinafter called L29)
Figure imgf000052_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 35 (page 44) of WO 02/088289.
Example 39: 6,6"-Bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2':6',2"-terpyridine (hereinafter called L30)
Figure imgf000052_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 36 (page 45) of WO 02/088289.
Example 40: 4-Chloro-1'H-[2,2,;6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one (hereinafter called L31)
Figure imgf000052_0003
110 ml of 25% ammonium hydroxide solution are added to 1-(4-chloro-pyrid-2-yI)-5-pyrid-2- yl-pentane-1 ,3,5-trione (for preparation see Example 24) in 100 ml of isopropanol and refluxed for 4.5 hours. At room temperature, the mixture is adjusted to pH 5 using 6N hydrochloric acid and filtered. The residue is filtered over silica gel (eluant: chloro- form/methanol/ammonium hydroxide solution 4:1:0.1), filtered and concentrated. After recrystallisation from acetone, 4-chloro-1'H-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one is obtained in the form of a grey solid, which is further processed without special purification steps. 1H-NMR (360 MHz, DMSO-d6): 8.72-8.63 (m, 2H); 8.62-8.53 (m, 2H); 7.98 (ddd, 1H, J=7.7,7.7,1.8 Hz); 7.87 (d, 1H, J=2.2 Hz); 7.83 (d, 1H, J=2.2 Hz); 7.59 (dd, 1H, J=5.4,2.2 Hz); 7.43-7.51 (m, 1H); 2.07 (s, 1H).
Example 41 : 4-(4-Methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1'H-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one (hereinafter called L32)
Figure imgf000053_0001
A mixture of 5.22 g (18.4 mmol) of 4-ch!oro-1'H-[2,2*;6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one (L31 in Example 40), 18.36 g (184 mmol, 20.4 ml) of 1-methyl-piperazine and 125 mg (0.92 mmol, 0.05 equivalent) of zinc(ll) chloride in 80 ml of 2-methyl-2-butanol is refluxed for 30 hours and concentrated to dryness using a rotary evaporator. 100 ml of water are added and the mixture is rendered neutral using concentrated hydrochloric acid. After extraction four times with chloroform, and combining and drying (sodium sulfate) the organic extracts, the crude product is obtained, which is then recrystallised from acetonitrile. 4-(4-Methyl-piperazin-1-yl)- 1 Η-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one is obtained in the form of a white solid.
1H-NMR (360 MHz, CDCI3): 8.69 (d, 1H, 4.5 Hz); 8.32 (d, 1H, J=5.9 Hz); 7.92-7.74 (m, 2H); 7.37-7.30 (m, 1H); 7.20 (d, 1H, J=2.3 Hz); 7.01 (s, 1H); 6.98 (s, 1H); 6.71-6.63 (m, 1H); 3.45-3.35 (tm, 4H); 2.58-2.48 (tm, 4H); 2.32 (s, 3H).
Example 42: 1 , 1 -Dimethyl-4-(4'-oxo-1 ,,4'-dihydro-[2,2';6',2"]terpyrid^-yl)-piperazin-1 -ium methosulfate ((hereinafter called L33))
Figure imgf000053_0002
0.33 ml (3.5 mmol, 442 mg) of dimethyl sulfate is added dropwise to a suspension of 1.22 g (3.5 mmol) of 4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1'H-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one (L32 in Example 41) in 60 ml of acetone. After 17 hours, filtration is carried out and the crude product is washed (acetone and dichloromethane) and then recrystallised from methanol. 1,1-Dimethyl-4-(4'- oxo-l'^'-dihydro-p^'je'. 'jterpyrid^-ylJ-piperazin-l-ium methosulfate is obtained in the form of a white solid. *0.09 HzO , 475.17; calculated C 55.61 H 5.77 N 14.74 S 6.75 H200.34; found C 55.56 H 5.85 N 14.63 S 6.75 H20 0.33. H-NMR (360 MHz, D20): 8.31 (d, 1H, J=4.1 Hz); 7.76 (dd, 1H, J=7.7); 7.64 (d, 1H,
J=7.7 Hz); 7.58 (d, 1H, J=5.4 Hz); 7.22 (dd, 1H, J=7.2,5.0 Hz), 6.71 (s, 1H; 6.48 (dm, 1H); 6.46-6.39 (dm, 1H); 6.34 (dm, 1H); 3.67 (s, 3H); 3.48 (br s, 8 H); 3.19 (s, 6H).
Example 43: 4,4"-Bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1 -yl)-1 'H-
Figure imgf000054_0001
(hereinafter called L34)
Figure imgf000054_0002
A mixture of 10.89 g (34.2 mmol) of 4,4"-dichloro-1 Η-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4,-one (L16 in Example 25), 68.6 g (685 mmol, 76.1 ml) of 1-methyl-piperazine and 233 mg (1.71 mmol, 0.05 equivalent) of zinc(ll) chloride in 200 ml of 2-methyl-2-butanol is refluxed for 24 hours and concentrated to dryness using a rotary evaporator. The crude product is recrystallised from ethyl acetate/methanol 33:1 (v/v), taken up in 100 ml of water and adjusted to pH 8-9 using 4N sodium hydroxide, and light-beige 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1'H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one is filtered off. 1H-NMR (360 MHz, CDCI3): 8.32 (d, 2H, J=5.9 Hz); 7.18 (dm, 2H); 6.93 (s, 2H); 6.66 (dd, 2H; J=5.9,2.3 Hz); 3.41 -3.32 (tm, 8H); 2.55-2.44 (tm, 8H); 2.29 (s, 6H).
Example 44: Twofold quaternisation of 4,4"-bis(4~methyl-piperazin-1 -yl)-1 'H- [2,2';6",2"]terpyridin-4'-one with methyl iodide (hereinafter called L35)
Figure imgf000054_0003
8.7 ml (19.9 g, 140 mmol) of methyl iodide are added dropwise to a suspension of 3.12 g (7 mmol) of 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1'H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one (L34 in Example 43) in 150 ml of acetonitrile. Stirring for 5 hours at room temperature and filtration are carried out, and the resulting twofold-quaternised, whitish 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1- yl)-1Η-
Figure imgf000055_0001
(C27Hs7l2N70) is washed (acetonitrile). 1H-NMR (360 MHz, D20): 7.73 (d, 2H, J=5.9 Hz); 6.88 (s, 2H); 6.63-6.54 (dm, 2H); 6.45 (s, 2H); 3.69-3.43 (dm, 16H); 3.20 (s, 12H).
Example 44a: Threefold methylation of 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1'H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one with methyl iodide (ligand L35a)
Figure imgf000055_0002
156 mg (0.35 mmol) of 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1 Η-
Figure imgf000055_0003
(L34 in Example 43) are added at 4°C to a suspension of a total of approx. 30 mg of sodium hydride (approx. 0.75 mmol, 60% in mineral oil) in 3 ml of absolute N,N-dimethylformamide. The mixture is stirred for 20 minutes at that temperature, heated at room temperature for one hour, and cooled again. 66 μl (1.05 mmol) of methyl iodide are then added dropwise, and the mixture is stirred for 20 minutes with cooling and for 30 minutes at room temperature. After cooling again and adding 2 ml of water, white, threefold-methylated 4,4"-bis(4-methyl- piperazin-1-yl)-1'H-
Figure imgf000055_0004
of formula C28H39l2N70 is filtered off. 13C-NMR (40 MHz, DMSO-d6): 167.2; 156.8; 155.6; 154.7; 149.8; 109.4; 106.4; 105.6; 59.9; 55.5; 50.4; 40.0.
Example 45: Anion exchange in L35 (ligand L36)
Figure imgf000055_0005
0.96 g (1.32 mmol) of 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1'H- [2,2,;6,,2"]terpyridin-4'-one, twofold-quaternised with methyl iodide, is dissolved in 10 ml of dilute HCI (pH=6). The solution is eluted through an ion exchange column (100 g of DOWEX 1x8, 200-400 mesh, chloride form) and concentrated using a rotary evaporator. d7H37CI2N70*1.8 HCI*2 H20, calculated C 50.03 H 6.66 N 15.13 CI 20.78, found C 50.47 H 6.67 N 14.90 CI 20.4 (Iodine content<0.3).
1H-NMR (400 MHz, D20): 8.17 (dm, 2H, J=7Hz); 7.59 (s, 2H); 7.46 (s, 2H); 7.15 (dm, 2H, J=7Hz); 4.14 (br s, 8H); 3.71 (br s, 8H); 3.30 (s, 12H).
Example 46: Twofold quaternisation of 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1 -yl)-1 'H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one with dimethyl sulfate (ligand L37)
Figure imgf000056_0001
2.66 ml (27.92 mmol) of dimethyl sulfate are added dropwise to a suspension of 6.22 g (13.96 mmol) of 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1'H- [2,2,;6,,2"]terpyridin-4'-one (L34 in Example 43) in 250 ml of acetone. After 20 hours, twofold-quaternised whitish 4,4"-bis(4- methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1'H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one is filtered off and washed (acetone).
Figure imgf000056_0002
*0.39 H20 , 704.86; calculated C 49.42 H 6.26 N 13.91 S 9.10 H20 1.00; found C 49.30 H 6.19 N 13.85 S 8.99 H20 1.00.
1H-NMR (360 MHz, D20): 8.08 (d, J*5.9 Hz, 2H); 7.18 (dm, 2H); 6.79 (dd, J=5.9,2.3 Hz); 6.74 (s, 2H); 3.77-3.68 (m, 8H); 3.65 (s, 6 H); 3.59-3.50 (m, 8H).
Example 46a: 4,4"-Bis-[(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-methyl-amino]-1 Η- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'- one (hereinafter called L38)
Figure imgf000056_0003
A mixture of 1.70 g (5.34 mmol) of 4,4"-dichloro-1Η-[2,2';6,,2"]terpyridin-4,-one (L16 in Example 25), 13.8 ml (107 mmol) of N,N,N'-trimethyl-ethane-1,2-diamine and 36 mg (0.27 mmol, 0.05 equivalent) of zinc(ll) chloride in 30 ml of chlorobenzene is refluxed for 2.5 days and concentrated to dryness using a rotary evaporator. The crude product is taken up in 30 ml of water and adjusted to pH 6-7, and after filtration, 4,4"-Bis-[(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)- methyl-amino]- H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4,-one, containing 1.95 equiv. HCI and 1.20 equiv. H20 (elemental analysis) is obtained as an off-white solid. 1H-NMR (360 MHz, D20): 7.99 (d, 2H, J=6.8 Hz); 6.98 (d, 2H, J=1.8 Hz); 6.90 (s, 2H); 6.71 (m, 2H); 3.72 (tm, 4 H); 3.10 (tm, 4 H); 3.06 (s, 6 H); 2.70 (s, 12 H).
Example 46b: Twofold quaternisation of 4,4"-Bis-[(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-methyl-amino]- 1Η-
Figure imgf000057_0001
with methyl iodide (hereinafter called L39)
Figure imgf000057_0002
A suspension of 162.7 mg (0.3 mmol) 4,4"-Bis-[(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-methyl-amino]-1'H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one (L38 in Example 46a) is neutralized with 5.6 ml 0.1 M HCI solution in 5 ml of water. After evaporation, the material is suspended in 4 ml of acetonitrile and treated with a freshly prepared stock solution of methyl iodide (0.6 mmol in 2.1 ml of acetonitrile). Stirring for 16 hours at room temperature and filtration are carried out, and the resulting twofold-quaternised ligand (C27H4112N70) is washed (acetonitrile). 1H-NMR (360 MHz, D20): 8.13 (d, 2H, J=6.3 Hz); 7.09 (d, 2H, J=3.3 Hz); 6.97 (s, 2H); 6.74 (m, 2H); 3.96 (tm, 4 H); 3.54 (tm, 4 H); 3.20 (s, 18 H); 3.06 (s, 6 H).
Examples 46c - 46z In analogy to the above described Examples the following compounds can be synthesized:
Figure imgf000057_0003
Figure imgf000057_0004
Figure imgf000058_0001
Figure imgf000059_0001
SYNTHESIS OF COMPOUNDS OF THE PYRIMIDINE TYPE Example 47: 6-(4-Ch'oropyrid-2-yl)-2-pyrid-2-yl-pyrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM1)
Figure imgf000059_0002
13.15 g (58 mmol) of 3-(4-chloropyrid-2-yl)-3-oxopropionic acid ethyl ester (example 18) are dissolved in 400 ml of ethanol, and 9.10 g (58 mmol) of 2-amidinopyridine hydrochloride are added. After the addition of 14.44 ml of 4N sodium hydroxide solution, refluxing is carried out for 7 hours. The mixture is cooled and concentrated to a fifth of its original volume. The crude product is filtered off and recrystallised from methanol, yielding 6-(4-chloropyrid-2-yl)-2-pyrid- 2-yl-pyrimidin-4-ol in the form of beige needles. 1H-NMR (360 MHz, CDCI3): 12.33 (br s, 1H); 8.76 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H); 8.69 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H); 8.62 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H); 8.50 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H); 8.15-8.03 (tm, 1H); 7.75-7.63 (m, 2H); 7.25 (s, 1H).
Example 48: 6-[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1 -v0-pvrid-2-vπ-2-pyrid-2-vl-pvrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM1PM2)
Figure imgf000060_0001
A mixture of 3.51 g (12.3 mmol) of 6-(4-chloropyrid-2-yl)-2-pyrid-2-yl-pyrimidin-4-ol, 27.4 ml
(303 mmol, 20 equivalents, 30.38 g) of 1-methyl-piperazine and 84 mg (0.05 mmol,
0.05 equivalent) of zinc(ll) chloride in 50 ml of 2-methyl-2-butanol is refluxed for 22 hours and concentrated to dryness using a rotary evaporator. 50 ml of water are added, 3.6 g of EDTA are added, and the pH is adjusted to 9 using dilute sodium hydroxide solution. Extraction is carried out three times using 150 ml of chloroform each time, and the organic extracts are combined and dried (sodium sulfate). Concentration is carried out using a rotary evaporator and the crude product is recrystallised from toluene. 6-[4-(4-Methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]- 2-pyrid-2-yl-pyrimidin-4-ol is obtained in the form of a whitish solid.
1H-NMR (360 MHz, CDCI3): 10.99 (br s, 1H); 8.56 (d, J=4.1 Hz, 1H); 8.44 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H); 8.25 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H); 7.91-7.81 (tm, 1H); 7.78 (s, 1H); 7.48-7.33 (tm, 1H); 6.66-6.56 (m, 1H); 3.39 (t, J=5.0 Hz, 4H); 2.53 (t, J=5.0 Hz, 4H); 2.30 (s, 3H).
Example 49: Quaternisation of 6-[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1 -yl)-pyrid-2-yl]-2-pyrid-2-yl- pyrimidin-4-ol with methyl iodide to form ligand PM3
Figure imgf000060_0002
417 mg (2.94 mmol, 0.98 equivalent) of methyl iodide are added dropwise to a suspension of 1.045 g (3 mmol) of 6-[4-(4-methyI-piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]-2-pyrid-2-yl-pyrimidin-4-ol in 20 ml of acetonitrile. The mixture is stirred for 14 hours at room temperature, then heated to 60°C for 10 minutes and cooled, and the resulting quaternised 6-[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)- pyrid-2-yl]-2-pyrid-2-yl-pyrimidin-4-ol is filtered off in the form of a white powder.
1H-NMR (360 MHz, D20): 8.33 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H); 7.73-7.64 (m, 1H); 7.64-7.56 (m, 1H); 7.42- 7.31 (m, 2H); 6.78 (d, 2.3 Hz, 1H); 6.33 (s, 1H); 6.31-6.26 (m, 1H).
Example 50: 2,6-Di(2-pyridyl)-4-pyrimidinol (ligand PM4) (obtainable from Bionet, Order No. 11G-917)
Figure imgf000061_0001
ESI-MS: m/z = 251 [M+H]+.
Example 51: 4-Chloro-2-cyanopyridine
Figure imgf000061_0002
5.0 ml (0.16 equivalent) of N,N-dimethylformamide are added dropwise at40°C, with stirring, to 150 ml (2.06 mol) of thionyl chloride. Then, in the course of half an hour, 50 g (0.406 mol) of picolinic acid are added. The mixture is cautiously heated to 70°C and stirred at that temperature for 24 hours, the gases formed being conveyed away through a wash bottle charged with sodium hydroxide solution. Concentration, and coevaporation a further three times with 50 ml of toluene each time, are carried out. 300 ml of diethyl ether are added to the acid chloride-hydrochloride so obtained. The mixture is cooled to 0°C using an ice/water bath, and 250 ml of 25% ammonium hydroxide solution are cautiously added. The mixture is warmed to room temperature and stirred for 16 hours to complete the reaction. Filtration is carried out, and the filter residue is boiled in 400 ml of chloroform to remove secondary products and recrystallised from 350 ml of methanol. 4-Chloro-2-picolinic acid amide is obtained in the form of a yellowish solid, which is reacted without further purification. 31.3 g (0.2 mol) of the amide obtained in that manner are suspended in 490 ml of dichloromethane and cooled to 0°C using an ice/water bath. After the addition of 46.5 ml of N,N-dimethylformamide, 36.7 ml of phosphorus oxychloride are added dropwise in the course of 20 minutes while maintaining the temperature, and stirring is carried out for a further 6 hours with cooling. 100 ml of water are then added and the mixture is rendered neutral with 4N sodium hydroxide solution and stirred overnight at room temperature. The organic solvent is removed using a rotary evaporator, and the aqueous phase is extracted three times using 250 ml of chloroform each time. After concentrating and drying the crude product under a high vacuum, sublimation is carried out at from 70 to 90°C and 0.2 mbar, yielding 4-chloro-2-cyanopyridine in the form of a yellowish solid.
1H-NMR (360 MHz, CDCI3): 8.64 (d, 5.0 Hz, 1H); 7.72 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H); 7.56 (dd, J=5.0, 1.8 Hz, 1H).
Example 52: 2-Amidino-4-chloropyridine hydrochloride
Figure imgf000062_0001
6.93 g (50 mmol) of 4-chloro-2-cyanopyridine in 40 ml of methanol are treated for one hour with 0.27 g (5 mmol) sodium methoxide. After the addition of 3.00 g (56 mmol) of ammonium chloride, refluxing is carried out for two hours. The volatile components are then removed in vacuo. The 2-amidino- -chloropyridine hydrochloride so obtained is reacted without further purification. H-NMR (360 MHz, D20): 8.61-8.57 (dm, 1H); 8.05 (s, 1H); 7.77-7.80 (m, 2H).
Example 53: 2,6-Bis(4-chloropyrid-2-yl)~pyrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM5)
Figure imgf000062_0002
The procedure is as described in the case of 6-(4-chloropyrid-2-yl)-2-pyrid-2-yI-pyrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM1) in Example 47 except that, instead of 2-amidinopyridine hydrochloride, the 2- amidino-4-chloropyridine hydrochloride from Example 52 is used. After recrystallisation from DMSO, 2,6-bis(4-chloropyrid-2-yl)-pyrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM5) is obtained in the form of a colourless solid. 1H-NMR (360 MHz, DMSO-d6): 12.53 (br s, 1H); 8.74 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1H); 8.74 (s, 1H); 8.71 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1H); 8.64 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H); 7.83 (dd, J=5.0, 2.3 Hz, 1H); 7.71 (dd, J=5.0, 2.3 Hz, 1H); 7.30 (s, 1H).
Example 54: 2,6-Bis[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]-pyrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM6)
Figure imgf000063_0001
A mixture of 1.16 g (3.62 mmol), 8.04 ml (72 mmol) of N-methylpiperazine, 25 mg of zinc(II) chloride and 36 ml of 2-methyI-2-butanol is refluxed for 16 hours, cooled and filtered, and recrystallisation from 2-propanol is carried out. 2,6-Bis[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]- pyrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM6) is obtained in the form of a yellowish solid. 'H-NMR (360 MHz, DMSO-d6): 11.92 (br s, 1H); 8.31 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H); 8.30 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H); 7.94 (br s, 2H); 7.16 (s, 1H); 7.08 (dd, J=6.3, 2.7 Hz, 1H); 6.958 (dd, J=6.3, 2.7 Hz, 1H); 3.52-3.41 (m, 8H); 2.54-2.49 (m, 4H); 2.48-2.43 (m, 4H); 2.24 (s, 6H).
Example 55: Quaternisation of 2,6-bis[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]-pyrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM6) with methyl iodide to form ligand PM7
Figure imgf000063_0002
0.12 ml (1.84 mmol) of methyl iodide is added to 411 mg (0.92 mmol) of 2,6-bis[4-(4-methyl- piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]-pyrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM6) from Example 54 in 18 ml of acetonitrile. The mixture is stirred for 16 hours at room temperature and filtered, and the residue is washed with chloroform. The quaternised ligand PM7 is obtained in the form of a colourless solid.
1H-NMR (360 MHz, D20): 8.25 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 1H); 8.19 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H); 7.78 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 1H); 7.50 (d, J=2.3 Hz, J=1H); 7.05 (dd, J=6.3 Hz, 2.7 Hz, 1H); 6.92 (dd, J=5.9 Hz, 2.3 Hz, 1H); 6.89 (s, 1H); 3.88-3.83 (tm, 4H); 3.81-3.76 (tm, 4H); 3.66-3.61 (m, 8H); 2.30 (s, 3H); 2.28 (s, 3H).
Example 55a
In analogy to the above described Examples the ligand of the following formula can be synthesized:
Figure imgf000064_0001
Example 55b In analogy to the above described Examples the ligand of the following formula can be synthesized:
Figure imgf000064_0002
SYNTHESIS OF COMPOUNDS OF THE TRIAZINE TYPE
Example 56: 4.6-Di-pvrid-2-vl-H.3.51triazin-2-ol (ligand TZ1)
Figure imgf000064_0003
1.0 g (approximately 60% dispersion in paraffin oil, about 25 mmol) of sodium hydride is added in portions to a solution of 5.21 g (50 mmol) of 2-cyanopyridine and 1.50 g (25 mmol) of urea in 100 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide. The resulting suspension is maintained at room temperature for 3 hours and then heated at 75°C for 23 hours, cooled and poured into 100 ml of ice-water. The mixture is rendered neutral with 2N sulfuric acid, and the crude product is filtered off and recrystallised from 55 ml of methanol, yielding 4,6-di-pyrid-2-yI-[1,3,5]triazin- 2-ol in the form of a white solid.
1H-NMR (360 MHz, CD3OD): 8.68-8.6 (m, 4H); 7.95 (ddd, J=7.7,7.7,1.8 Hz, 2H); 7.50 (ddd, J=7.7,4.5,1.4 Hz, 2H).
Example 57: 4,6-Di-pyrid-2-yl-[1,3,5]triazin-2-ylamine (ligand TZ2)
Synthesis according to F.H. Case etal., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 905-906.
Figure imgf000065_0001
1.0 g (approximately 60% dispersion in paraffin oil, about 25 mmol) of sodium hydride is added in portions to a mixture of 5.21 g (50 mmol) of 2-cyanopyridine and 2.39 g (25 mmol) of guanidine hydrochloride in 100 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide. Stirring is carried out for 2 hours at room temperature, and then for 23 hours at 75CC. The mixture is cooled and poured into 100 ml of ice-water and filtered, yielding 4,6-di-pyrid-2-yl-[1,3,5]triazin-2-ylamine in the form of a white solid after drying in vacuo. 1H-NMR (360 MHz, DMSO-d6): 8.82-8.73 (md, 2H); 8.44 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H); 8.10-7.95 (tm, 2H); 7.90 (br s, 2H); 7.64-7.55 (m, 2H).
SYNTHESIS OF METAL COMPLEXES
Example 58: Manganese(ll) complex with a pyridone ligand: {[2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'- ol}manganese(ll) chloride
Figure imgf000065_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 37 (page 37) of WO 02/088289. Example 59: Manganese(ll) complex with a substituted terpyridine ligand: {2-[(2-hydroxy- ethyl)-[2,2,;6,,2"]terpyrid-4'-yl-amino]-ethanol}manganese(ll) chloride
Figure imgf000066_0001
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 38 (page 46) of WO 02/088289.
Example 59a: {2-(Methvl-f2,2';6',2"1terpvridin-4'-vl-amino)-ethanol}manqanese(ll) chloride
Figure imgf000066_0002
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 38a (page 47) of WO 02/088289.
Example 60: Manganese(ll) complex with two substituted terpyridine ligands: bis{2-[(2- hydroxy-ethyl)-[2,2';6',2"]terpyrid-4'-yl-amino]-ethanol}manganese(ll) chloride
Figure imgf000066_0003
The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 39 (page 47) of WO 02/088289. Example 61: Bis{4,4"-bis[(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-methyl-amino]-[2,2,;6',2"]terpyridin-4'- ol}manganese(ll) chloride The synthesis of this compound is done in analogy of Example 40 (page 48) of WO 02/088289.
Example 62: Manganese(ll) complex with 1 , 1 -dimethyl-4-(4'-oxo-1 ',4'-dihydro- [2,2';6',2"]terpyrid-4-yl)-piperazin-1-ium methosulfate A solution of 37.6 mg (0.19 mmol) of manganese(ll) chloride tetrahydrate in 4 ml of methanol is added to a suspension of 1,1-dimethyl-4-(4'-oxo-1,,4'-dihydro-[2,2,;6',2"]terpyrid-4-yl)- piperazin-1-ium methosulfate(L33 in Example 42) in 4 ml of methanol. Concentration using a rotary evaporator (30°C, 20 mbar final pressure) is then carried out. The manganese complex of formula C^H^C^MnNsOsS *0.38 H20 (Fw = 606.24) is obtained in the form of a yellow powder; calculated C 43.59 H 4.62 N 11.55 S 5.29 C1 11.70 Mn 9.06 H20 1.13; found C 43.54 H 4.50 N 11.73 S 5.07 C1 11.69 Mn 9.06 H20 1.14.
Example 63: Manganese complex with 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1 -yl)-1 "H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one One equivalent of ligand L34 (Example 43) hydrochloride is added to a solution of 2.33 g (11.8 mmol) of manganese(ll) chloride tetrahydrate in 100 ml of water. The solution is then freeze-dried. The manganese complex of formula C25H31CI2MnN70*3.73 H20*2.31 HCI is obtained in the form of a yellow solid. Calculated C 46.06 H 6.30 N 15.04 C1 12.56 Mn 8.43 H20 10.31, found C 46.02 H 5.84 N 14.99 CI 12.54 Mn 8.17 H20 10.52.
Example 64: Manganese complex with twofold-quaternised 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperazin-1 - yl)-1'H- [2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one
One equivalent of ligand L37 (Example 46) is added to a solution of 2.64 g (13.33 mmol) of manganese(ll) chloride tetrahydrate in 350 ml of water. The solution is then freeze-dried. The manganese complex of formula C29H43CI2MnN7OgS2*3.62 H20 is obtained in the form of a yellow solid. Calculated C 39.19 H 5.70 N 11.03 CI 7.98 Mn 6.18 H20 7.34, found C 38.68 H 5.65 N 10.73 CI 7.77 Mn 5.97 H20 7.33. Example 64a: Manganese(ll) complex with twofold-quaternised 4,4"-bis(4-methyl-piperaziπ- 1-yl)-1 'H- [2,2';6',2"3terpyridin-4'-one A solution of 119 mg (0.6 mmol) of manganese(ll) chloride tetrahydrate in 11 ml of methanol is added to a suspension of 419 mg (0.6 mmol) of ligand C2gH 3 7θ9S2 (L37 in Example 46). Concentration is then carried out using a rotary evaporator (30°C, 20 mbar final pressure). The manganese complex of formula C29H43CI2MnN709S2*2.22 H20 (Fw 863.67) is obtained in the form of a yellow powder; calculated C 40.33 H 5.54 N 11.35 S 7.43 CI 8.21 Mn 6.36 H204.63; found C 41.10 H 5.35 N 11.77 S 7.18 CI 8.36 Mn 5.91 H204.64.
Synthesis of higher-valent manganese complexes with substituted ligands of the terpyridine type (Examples 65 to 67) [compare method by J. Limburg et a/., Science 1999, 283, 1524- 1527 for terpyridine]:
Example 65: 1.78 g (7.14 mmol) of 1 Η-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridin-4'-one L1 are added to a solution of 1.75 g (7.14 mmol) of manganese(ll) acetate tetrahydrate in 35 ml of water. A solution of 3.28 g (9.93 mmol of active oxygen in the form of KHS05) of potassium peroxomonosulfate in 20 ml of water is then added dropwise. The mixture is subsequently stirred for 2 hours at room temperature, then filtered off with suction and washed with 25 ml of water. Drying is carried out for 12 hours at 50°C in vacuo to yield 2.05 g of olive-green powder. IR (cm 1): 3068 (m), 1613 (m), 1602 (m), 1587 (s), 1480 (m), 1099 (vs), 1053 (w), 1028 (s), 1011 (s), 788 (m).
Example 66:
1.23 g (5 mmol) of manganese(ll) acetate tetrahydrate are added to a suspension of 1.68 g (5 mmol) of 2-[(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-[2,2';6',2"]terpyridin- '-yl-amino]-ethanol L7. A solution of
1.44 g (4.37 mmol of active oxygen in the form of KHSOs) of potassium peroxomonosulfate in 30 ml of water is then added dropwise. A total of 25 ml of 1M ammonium hexafluorophosphate solution are added dropwise to the now red solution. The precipitate is filtered off and washed twice with 10 ml of water each time. The red solid is then taken up in 30 ml of acetonitrile, filtered through a paper filter and concentrated. The residue remaining is extracted with dichloromethane for 16 hours in a Soxhlet apparatus and then dried in vacuo at 50°C. 2.15 g of wine-red powder are obtained.
IR (cm"1): 2981 (s), 2923 (s), 2866 (m), 2844 (m), 1621 (s), 1571 (w), 1537 (w), 1475 (s),
1356 (m), 1055 (s), 1032 (vs), 1011 (s), 829 (vs), 784 (s), 740 (w). Example 67:
99 mg (0.5 mmol) of manganese(ll) chloride tetrahydrate are added to a suspension of 168 mg (0.5 mmol) of 2-[(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-[2,2';6',2,,]terpyrid-4,-yl-amino]-ethanol L7. A solution of 144 mg (0.44 mmol of active oxygen in the form of KHS05) of potassium peroxomonosulfate in 3 ml of water is then added dropwise. The almost black solid is filtered off and dried in vacuo at 50°C.
IR (cm"1): 3324 (br, m), 3076 (br), 1614 (s), 1523 (w), 1476 (m), 1154 (w), 1055 (w), 1025 (vs), 925 (w), 647 (s).
Example 67a: Manganese complex with twofold-quaternised 4,4"-Bis-[(2-dimethylamino- ethyl)-methyl-amino]-1 "H-
Figure imgf000069_0001
One equivalent of ligand L39 (Example 46b) is added to a solution of one equivalent of manganese(ll) chloride tetrahydrate in water. Spontaneous complex formation is observed.
Example 68: Manganese complex with 6-[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]-2-pyrid-2-yl- pyrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM2)
503 mg (2.5 mmol) of manganese chloride tetrahydrate are added to a solution of 886 mg (2.5 mmol) of 6-[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]-2-pyrid-2-yl-pyrimidin-4-ol in 200 ml of water. The solution is then freeze-dried. d9H2oCI2MnN60 x 2.92 H20, yellow solid. Calculated C 43.32 H 4.94 N 15.95 CI 13.46 Mn 10.43 H209.98, found C 43.10 H 4.95 N 16.03 C1 13.29 Mn 10.4 H209.99.
Example 69: Manganese complex with quaternised 6-[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]-
2-pyrid-2-yl-pyrimidin-4-ol (ligand PM3) 119 mg (0.6 mmol) of manganese chloride tetrahydrate are added to a solution of 294 mg
(0.6 mmol) of quaternised 6-[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-pyrid-2-yl]-2-pyrid-2-yl-pyrimidin-4-ol in 200 ml of water. The solution is then freeze-dried. C2oH 3CI2MnN60 x 3.75 H20, yellowish orange solid.
Calculated C 35.13 H 4.50 N 12.29 C1 10.37 Mn 8.03 H20 9.88, found C 35.38 H 5.00 N 12.39 C1 10.70 Mn 7.99 H209.87. APPLICATION EXAMPLES
Application Example 1 : (Improvement of the bleach efficacy of manganese-complexes as catalysts for oxidation processes)
In a Linitest apparatus from ATLAS tea-stained fabrics (BC01 from CFT) are washed with 3.6 g/l AATCC detergent, 1.05 g/l sodium percarbonate and 5 ppm of the manganese complex of the ligand of example 46 (cat A) at 40°C for 60 minutes. The fabrics are measured spectrophotometrically before and after application with a Datacolor SF500 to determine the CIE-brightness values Y and the difference before and after application (ΔY) is a measure for the merit of the oxidative bleach process. The application of cat A results in an increase in brightness (ΔY) of 30.3 units in deionised water, but the effect drops to 14.6 units in water, which contains additionally 1.3 ppm of zinc. In the case where zinc is added to the wash liquor 20 μmol/l of a polyphosphonate are applied to improve the bleach effect. In table 1 ΔΔY is a measure for the efficacy of the complexing agent to improve the catalytic bleach in heavy metal containing wash liquors, in this case water which contains additionally 1.3 ppm of zinc. Table 1 : improvement' of the bleach effect by combination with polyphosphonates.
Figure imgf000070_0001
In comparison to the bleach effect with TAED under the above mentioned conditions (ΔY = 20.2), the combination of polyphosphonates with cat A shows a better bleach effect.

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. Use of a composition comprising
(i) at least one metal complex of formula (1)
[LnMemXp] (1).
wherein Me is manganese, titanium, iron, cobalt, nickel or copper,
X is a coordinating or bridging radical, n and m are each independently of the other an integer having a value of from 1 to 8, p is an integer having a value of from 0 to 32, z is the charge of the metal complex,
Y is a counter-ion, q = z/(charge of Y), and L is a ligand of formula (2)
Figure imgf000071_0001
wherein
Figure imgf000071_0002
Q2 is N or CRn, Ri, R2, Rs, R , Rs, Rε. , Re. 9, R10 and Ru are each independently of the others hydrogen; unsubstituted or substituted C Cι8alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl; cyano; halogen; nitro; -COORι2 or -S03Rι2 wherein Rι2 is in each case hydrogen, a cation or unsubstituted or substituted Cι-Cι8alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl; -SRι3, -S02Ri3 or -ORι3 wherein Rι3 is in each case hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted Cι-Cι8alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl; -NRMRιs; -(Cι-C6alkylene)-NRι Rι5; -NΘRι4RιsRι6; -(Cι-C6alkylene)-NθRι4Rι5Ri6* -N(Rι3)- (Cι-C6alkylene)-NRι4Ri5;-N[(Cι-C6alkylene)-NRι4Ri5]2; -N(Rι3)-(Cι-C6alkylene)-NffiRι4RιsR16; -N[(Cι-C6alkylene)-NeRι4Rι5Rι6]2; -N(Rι3)-N-Ri Rιs or -N(Rι3)-NθRι4Rι5Rι6, wherein Ris is as defined above and Rι4, R15 and Rι6 are each independently of the other(s) hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C Cι8alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl, or Rι4 and Rι5, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form an unsubstituted or substituted 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring which may contain further hetero atoms, and
(ii) at least one polyphosphonate as oxidation catalyst for peroxide compounds.
2. Use according to claim 1, wherein Me is manganese, which is in oxidation state II, III, IV orV.
3. Use according to either claim 1 or claim 2, wherein X is CHsCN, H20, F", CI", Br", HOO", 02 2", O2", Rι7COO", R17σ, LMeO" or LMeOO", wherein R17 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C -Cι8alkyl or aryl, and L and Me are as defined in claim 1.
4. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein Y is Rι7COO", CI04 ", BF4 ", PF6 ", Rι7S03 ", Rι7S0 ", S04 2", N03 ", F", CI", Br" or I", wherein R17 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C Cι8alkyl or aryl.
5. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein n is an integer having a value of from 1 to 4, especially 1 or 2.
6. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein m is an integer having a value of 1 or 2, especially 1.
7. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein p is an integer having a value of from 0 to 4, especially 2.
8. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein z is an integer having a value of from 8- to 8+.
9. Use according to claim 1 to 8, wherein
Rs is Cι-Cι2alkyl; phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by Ci-dalkyl, d-C4alkoxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, carboxy, sulfo, hydroxy, amino, N-mono- or N,N-di-Cι-C alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, N-phenylamino, N-naphthylamino, phenyl, phenoxy or by naphthyloxy; cyano; halogen; nitro; -COOR 2 or -S03Rι2 wherein R12 is in each case hydrogen, a cation, d-C^alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above; -SR13, -S02Rι3 or -ORι3 wherein 13 is in each case hydrogen, d-Cι2alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above; -N(Rι3)-NRι4Rι5 wherein Rι3 is as defined above and RM and R15 are each independently of the other hydrogen, unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted Cι-C 2alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above, or RM and R15, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form an unsubstituted or Cι-C alkyl-substituted pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring; -NRi4Ri5 or - ®Rι4Rι5Ri6 wherein RM, R 5 and Rι6 are each independently of the other(s) hydrogen, unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted Cι-Cι2alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above, or RM and R15, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form an unsubstituted or '" d-dalkyl-substituted pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring; N-mono- or N,N-di-Cι-C4aIkyl-NθRι4Rι5Rι6 unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein Rι4, Rι5and Rι6 are each independently of the others hydrogen, unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted Cι-Cι2alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above, or RM and R15, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form a py olidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one d-C4alkyl or by at least one unsubstituted C C alkoy and/or substituted Cι-C4alkyl, wherein the nitrogen atom may be quaternised; N-mono- or N,N-di-Cι-C4alkyl-NRι4Ri5 unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein Rι4 and R15 may have any one of the above meanings.
10. Use according to claim 1 to 9, wherein L have the following formula (3)
Figure imgf000074_0001
wherein
R'3 and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; C C4alkoxy; hydroxy; N-mono- or N,N-di-Cι-C4alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one Ci-dalkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised,
R's is d-dalkoxy; hydroxy; N-mono- or N,N-di-d-C4alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one d-dalkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised.
11. Use according to claim 1 to 10, wherein L have the following formula (3)
Figure imgf000074_0002
wherein
R's and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; C C4alkoxy; hydroxy; N-mono- or N,N-di-C C alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one Ci-dalkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised, R's is d-dalkoxy; hydroxy; N-mono- or N,N-di-Cι-C4alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one Ci-dalkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised, with the proviso that (i) at least one of the substituents R'3, R's and RV is one of the radicals
Figure imgf000075_0001
Figure imgf000075_0002
wherein Rι5 and Rι6 are independently from each other hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted C C 8alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl and wherein the unbranched or branched alkylene group may be unsubstituted or substituted, and wherein the Cι-C alkyl groups, which are branched or unbranched independently of one another, may be unsubstituted or substituted and wherein the piperazine ring may be unsubstituted or substituted.
12. Use according to claim 1 to 9, wherein L have the following formula (4) and/or (5)
Figure imgf000075_0003
wherein R's is Cι-C4alkoxy; CI; hydroxy; phenyl; phenyl substituted by Od-C2alkyl, OH or Ci- dalkyl; N-mono- or N,N-di-Cι-C alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety; or -NRι4Rι5; -(Cι-C6alkylene)-NRι Ri5; -N(Ri3)-(Ci-C6alkylene)-NRi4Ri5; -N[(Cι-C6alkylene)-NRι4R15]2; or -N(Rι3)-N- Rι4Ri5, wherein Rι3 is hydrogen; Cι-d2alkyl or unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by (substituted in the alkyl moiety by hydroxy) N-mono- or N,N-di-C -C aIkylamino-, N-phenylamino-, N-naphthylamino-, phenyl-, phenoxy- or naphthyloxy, and Rι4 and Rι5 are each independently of the other hydrogen, unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted C Cι2alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above, or Rι and R15, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring that is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one unsubstituted Ci-dalkyl and/or substituted Ci- dalkyl, especially a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring, and R'3 and RV are each independently of the other hydrogen; d-dalkoxy; CI; hydroxy; phenyl; phenyl substituted by OCι-C2alkyl, OH or Ci-dalkyl; N-mono- or N,N- di-Cι-C alkylamino substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety; or -NRι4Rι5; - (Cι-C6alkylene)-NR14Ri5; -N(R1s)-(C1-C6alkyIene)-NR14Rιδ; -N[(Cι-C6alkylene)- NRι4Rιs]2; or -N(Rι3)-N-Rι4Rι5, wherein Ri3 is hydrogen;
Figure imgf000076_0001
or unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted by (substituted in the alkyl moiety by hydroxy) N-mono- or N,N-di-Cr dalkylamino-, N-phenylamino-, N-naphthylamino-, phenyl-, phenoxy- or naphthyloxy, and RM and R15 are each independently of the other hydrogen; unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted d-C^alkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl substituted as indicated above, or R14. and R15, together with the nitrogen atom linking them, form a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring that is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one unsubstituted d-C4alkyl and/or substituted d-dalkyl, especially a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring.
13. Use according to claim 1 to 9, wherein L have the following formula (4) and/or (5)
Figure imgf000076_0002
wherein R'3 and RV are independently from each other hydrogen; d-C alkoxy; CI; hydroxy; phenyl; phenyl substituted by OC C2alkyl. OH or Cι-C4alkyl; N-mono- or N,N-di-d- dalkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one C C4alkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised,
R's is d-dalkoxy; CI; hydroxy; phenyl; phenyl substituted by Od-C2alkyl, OH or d-C4alkyl;
N-mono- or N,N-di-Cι-C alkylamino unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxy in the alkyl moiety, wherein the nitrogen atoms, especially the nitrogen atoms that are not bonded to one of the rings A, B and/or C, may be quaternised; or a pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine or azepane ring unsubstituted or substituted by at least one d-C4alkyl, wherein the amino groups may be quaternised, with the proviso that (i) at least one of the substituents R'3, R'5 and RV is one of the radicals
Figure imgf000077_0001
,C C4alkyl and/or \ CrC4alkyl wherein Rι5 and Rι6 are independently from each other hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted Cι-Cι8alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted aryl and wherein the unbranched or branched alkylene group may be unsubstituted or substituted, and wherein the Ci-dalkyl groups, which are branched or unbranched independently of one another, may be unsubstituted or substituted and wherein the piperazine ring may be unsubstituted or substituted.
14. Use according to any of the preceeding claims wherein at least one polyphosphonate of the formula
Rl N- (CH2CH2N)b-R18 I R18 wherein
Rι8 is CH2P03H2 or a water soluble salt thereof and b is an integer of the value 0, 1, 2 or 3 is used.
15. Use according to any of the preceeding claims wherein at least one the formula
Rl N- (CH2CH2N)b-R18 I R18 wherein Rι8 is CH2P03H2 or a water soluble salt thereof and b is an integer of the value 1 is used.
16. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 15 for the bleaching of stains or of soiling on textile material, or for the prevention of redeposition of migrating dyes, or for the cleaning of hard surfaces.
17. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the metal complex compounds of formula (1 ) are used as catalysts for reactions using peroxo acids or their precursors for bleaching in the context of paper making.
18. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the metal complex compounds of formula (1) are used in detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching compositions.
19. Use according to claim 18, wherein the metal complex compounds of formula (1) are formed in situ in the detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching composition.
20. A detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching composition containing
I) from 0 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0 to 30% by weight, A) of at least one anionic surfactant and/or B) of a non-ionic surfactant,
II) from 0 to 70% by weight, preferably from 0 to 50% by weight, C) of at least one builder substance, III) 1 - 99 %, preferably 1 - 50 %, D) of at least one peroxide and/or at least one peroxide- forming substance,
IV) 0.01 - 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 - 5% by weight E) of at least one polyphosphonate as defined in claims 14 and 15, V) F) at least one metal complex compound of formula (1 ) as defined in claims 1 - 13 in an amount that, in the liquor, gives a concentration of from 0.5 to 100 mg/litre of liquor, preferably from 1 to 50 mg/litre of liquor, when from 0.5 to 20 g/litre of the detergent, cleaning, disinfecting or bleaching agent are added to the liquor, and VI) water ad 100% by weight, wherein the percentages are in each case percentages by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
21. A solid formulation containing a) from 1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 1 to 40% by weight, especially from 1 to 30% by weight, of at least one metal complex compound of formula (1 ) as defined in claims 1 - 13, b) from 0.01 - 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 - 5% by weight, E) of at least one polyphosphonate as defined in claims 14 and 15, c) from 1 to 99% by weight, preferably from 0 to 99% by weight, especially from 20 to 80% by weight, of at least one binder, d) from 0 to 20% by weight, especially from 1 to 20% by weight, of at least one encapsulating material, e) from 0 to 20% by weight of at least one further additive and f) from 0 to 20% by weight water.
22. A solid formulation according to claim 21 , which is in the form of granules.
PCT/EP2005/050003 2004-01-12 2005-01-03 Use of a composition comprising metal complex compounds and polyphosphonates as catalysts for oxidations WO2005068075A1 (en)

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EP2103735A1 (en) 2008-03-18 2009-09-23 Unilever PLC Catalytic bleaching of substrates
WO2010020583A1 (en) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Basf Se Improved bleach process

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WO2005105303A1 (en) * 2004-04-29 2005-11-10 Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. Use of metal complexes having bispyridylpyrimidine or bispyridyltriazine ligands as catalysts for reactions with peroxy compounds for bleaching coloured stains on hard surfaces
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WO2010020583A1 (en) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Basf Se Improved bleach process

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