WO2005034818A1 - 複合材料を用いたセメントレス型人工関節ステム - Google Patents
複合材料を用いたセメントレス型人工関節ステム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005034818A1 WO2005034818A1 PCT/JP2003/013009 JP0313009W WO2005034818A1 WO 2005034818 A1 WO2005034818 A1 WO 2005034818A1 JP 0313009 W JP0313009 W JP 0313009W WO 2005034818 A1 WO2005034818 A1 WO 2005034818A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stem
- bone
- composite material
- cementless
- layer
- Prior art date
Links
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Classifications
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cementless artificial joint, and more particularly to an artificial joint made of a composite material.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing the configuration of a conventional hip prosthesis.
- the hip prosthesis 100 has a socket 102 fixed to the pelvis 101, a rectangular head 104 corresponding to the head of the bone 03, and a stem 1 embedded in the bone 103. 0 and 5.
- the socket 102 and the head 104 are paired and have a spherical bearing function.
- the socket 102 is made of synthetic fiber such as high-density polyethylene, and the spherical head 104 is made of ceramic such as zirconia or a cobalt alloy.
- These sockets 102 and 104 are more durable due to a number of improvements in recent years, and can continue to maintain their function for longer than the life expectancy of many patients with OS: Focus on improving the durability of stems 105 over sockets 102 and 104 to prolong the life of the hip prosthesis 100 S is moving.
- the stem made of metal are often used, the ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 beauty by considering the effects on the human body, a titanium alloy such as Koparuto if ⁇ 3 T i- 6 A 1- 4 V mainly It is used for
- FIG. 11 is a plan view showing an example of a conventional cement-joint stem made of S.
- FIG. 12 ( ⁇ ) is a view showing a state before the cement type human joint stem is attached, and ( ⁇ ) is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the stem is attached to: 3 ⁇ 41 #.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the inner sound ⁇ of the proximal side bone of 3 ⁇ 41.
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing Pffit inside the bone.
- Fig. 15 (A) is a graph showing the relationship between the elastic modulus ratio of bone and the average porosity, and Fig. 15 (B) shows the relationship between bone thickness direction strength and average porosity. It is a graph.
- cemented human IS joint stems have various shapes as shown by reference numerals 105a to 105d.
- Their outer shape is generally composed of a simple shape consisting of an3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ , a circle, or an arc. Even if the outer shape of 5a to 105d is a simple shape, there is no particular problem.
- the inside of the bone of the stem 103 to which the stem is fixed is filled with a sponge-like bone 10, and the diaphysis 1 below the bone separation 12.
- the power gradually decreases as you go to 13 and the inside of the diaphysis 1 13 becomes [ ⁇ dong.
- Such a structure of the bone is based on the fact that the force is applied as a distributed load to the spherical head at the tip of the 12 tip, which is a very mechanically very dynamic structure.
- the structure of this bone will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 14.
- the outermost layer of the bone has mu 1 1, which is a high key part with a high bone density s. .
- the inside of the dense part 1 1 1 is a sponge-like sea w ⁇ 1 10 with fine cavities toward the center of the bone, which is weaker than this nom ⁇ 1 1 1 and «t I have. Therefore, as shown in Figs. 15 (A) and (B), the average porosity (percentage of cavities per unit turn) increases as the force s increases. The ability to reduce both the rate and fineness S is known.
- the bone has a structure in which both the elastic modulus and the JBI strength s decrease from the outer layer side toward the center.
- the stem 105 is fixed to the femur 103 by immersing the cement 109 in the graceful cavity of Nada Crane 110. I have to.
- 3 ⁇ 4 joint stem ⁇
- the hardening of the cement 109 fixes the stem 105 to the femur 103, so that the stem 105 in an extremely short time.
- cement-type ⁇ two kinds of resin consisting of the main agent and mitic agent are used as cement 109, and if there is a good mixing ratio or the mixing ratio is incorrect. Unpolymerized non-S monomer resin components remained, and the remaining non-monomer was eluted into the human body and exerted adverse effects, causing various troubles to the human body. For this reason, there was resistance to using the cement type for young patients who have a long life expectancy.
- the stem 105 is fixed to the no via cement ⁇ o 9 and this 10 Oka power S is not enough, so it is bonded to the stem 105 by the load from the stem 105
- ⁇ The raw material worsens, and a force S is generated, such as loosening of the stem 105 and an experiment called subduction that moves downward.
- the stem 105 of the stem generated a hoop stress force in the circumferential direction, such as breaking the bone, and this caused the bone to break.
- bone fractures occur, patients have suffered long-term pain because there is currently no way to cope. Due to these problems, cement-type products require ⁇ at a rate of 5 to 20% within 10 years for human joints. It was difficult to pull out of the bone, and Wlf itself was not forehead.
- FIG. 16 shows the conventional cementless
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of a humanoid joint stem.
- FIG. 17 (A) is an enlarged view of a main portion showing a convex portion provided on the side surface of the stem
- FIG. 17 (B) is a partial cross-sectional view showing the cross section further enlarged.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional cementless human joint stem different from the example of FIG. 16 cut along the axial direction in a state where the stem is fixed.
- the conventional cementless human joint stem is made of titanium alloy or the like, similar to the cement type, as shown in the figure.
- the outer shape of these stems 105 f to 105 j is lower than the neck portion 115 fixing the head F3 ⁇ 4104.
- the cement-type stem 105 a-l 05 e, the outer surface and the large mWl 03 stem 1 It is formed in such a shape as to reduce the gap force S between the inner surface of the insertion hole 107 and the inner surface of the hole 105.
- the cementless stem 105 is fixed to the femur 103 using the growth of the bone in the femur 103, and the stem 105 is inserted into the insertion hole 107. At the same time, the bone force S grows from the inner surface of the inlet hole 107 toward the outer surface of the stem 105, thereby filling the gap between the inner surface of the inlet hole 107 and the outer surface of the stem 105.
- the stem 105 is fixed to 103. According to the cementless type stem 105, since no cement 109 is used, the unmonomer in the cement 109 elutes into the human body and does not adversely affect the human body. Therefore, it can be used for patients of different strata.
- the compensating part 1 is attached to the surface of the stem 105 so that the stem 105 can be fixed without any trouble in living in the early stage after ⁇ I. 16 (uneven portion) is provided, and the anchor portion of the convex portion 116 is used to specifically bind to the bone;
- FIGS. 17 (A) and 17 (B) are enlarged views of the competing portion 116 of a conventional cementless human stem, and as shown in the figure, the surface of the stem 105 has irregularities.
- the surface of the stem 105 has irregularities.
- a method of performing a danimatic bond has also been tested as the convex part 116.
- a hydroxyapatite crystal which is a part of bone, is used for the stem 105. Affix the surface of the stem 105 with adhesive, etc., and fix the stem 105 to 03 by bonding chemically with the hydroxyapatite on the surface of the stem 105 and the growing bone.
- a force S is proposed that has one or both of a dynamic coupling and a ligatory coupling. In this way, by providing Convex II 16 on the cementless stem 105, the shelves can be fixed at a certain distance in the shelves stage after te, and patients who have been hospitalized for a long time Can reduce the burden on the user.
- the conventional stem 105 is made of ⁇ g such as a cobalt alloy ⁇ 3 titanium alloy.
- ⁇ g such as a cobalt alloy ⁇ 3 titanium alloy.
- these alloys are made of IJ materials, the convex portion 11 1 It was very difficult to apply the 6 small concave holes, and the stem 105 became very expensive.
- the external shape of the stem 105 is a simple shape, it does not match the internal endurance of the bone and the air. A large concentrated load occurred at 03, thereby causing pain ⁇ fr rupture. In the case of elderly people with weak bone keys or patients with osteoporosis, hit the stem 105 with a hammer to large 03. The cementless stems 105 f to 105 j could not be adopted.
- Figure 18 shows the cementless stem, which is called Custom Made, for a patient who implants the stem 105k: Bone translocation 117 in Atfrl 03 A stem 105 with an outer shape that matches the inner shape.
- This custom-made stem 105k is placed at the position indicated by two points H in Fig. 18, and each section is cut using an ultrasonic tomography device, etc., and the images are three-dimensionally combined by 3D CAD.
- the numerical data is created, and the outer shape of the stem 105k is processed using a numerical control machine (NC, CNC) based on the numerical data, and then the surface is finished by hand. It is.
- NC numerical control machine
- the outer shape of the stem 105k is substantially the same as the inner surface ⁇ of the bone, and there is little gap with the bone. Is fixed, and the burden on the patient can be reduced. In addition, since it is possible to couple with the bone 111 having a high bone thickness, the fixation of the stem 105 is increased, and generation of a force S such as loosening of the stem 105 can be suppressed.
- this custom-made stem 105 k has a small force in the circumferential direction, and the portion that corresponds to the inner surface of the bone translator 117 is small.
- the boneship I 12 on the proximal side of ⁇ Jl l 03 has very few larvae.
- the proximal of 03 refers to the hip joint side, and the distal is the knee joint Clause ⁇ means j.
- the material used for the stem 105 is a »T work material such as a titanium alloy. Is a tough one. As a result, the titanium-less cementless stem 105 had become powerful and expensive. Then, the stem 105 was formed with a concave surface in order to match the inner surface shape of the bone fiber 1 117: i ⁇ , tLh, etc. Was not.
- the outer shape of the stem 105 makes sure that no concave surface is formed on the surface, and when the stem 105 is inserted into the bone space 117, the stem 105 is not caught. Make sure you don't. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 19, on the proximal side of 103, the inner shape of the medullary canal 1117 is a small shape, and the outer shape of the stem 105k follows that shape. As a result, the number of stems 105 k is small (see cross-sections Z 1 to Z 8 in the figure).
- the ⁇ shape of the bone space 1 17 has a simple shape, so that the outer shape of the stem 105 k is easy to follow, and the portion of the stem 105 k (See section ⁇ 9 to section ⁇ 13 in the figure).
- the fit refers to the rate of stem infestation of the stem, which is the ratio of the length of the bone cortex in contact with the bone to the bone in the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the bone.
- the fill means the occupancy rate of the stem by the stem, which is the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the stem to the area of the osteotomy in the section perpendicular to the axis of the bone.
- the fit and fill is low on the proximal side of the retraction 103 and the fit and fill is high in the tsukudani j.
- the transmission of the force to the stem 105 k force, etc. is to be carried out in many parts of the invertebrate with the bone, that is, in the high level of fit and fill, on the window side.
- the bone material constituting the dense s3 ⁇ 4111 Rx m ⁇ no that is, the trabecular bone is formed so as to extend in a specific direction, and the extending direction This is the key to the so-called orthotropic anisotropy that the bow girl becomes stronger in the direction.
- This structure is very similar to the structure of bamboo and wood board.
- This trabecular is formed so as to extend inward from the outer shape of the bone in the bone ship IU12, but is formed so as to follow the outer shape of the bone in the diaphysis 113. This indicates that the bone 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 412 is strong against the vertical force on the bone surface, while the diaphysis 113 is relatively weak against the vertical force on the bone surface. Means.
- the proximal I law surface of the stem 1 0 5 in order to increase the I 1 raw bone at the proximal side, and that has been subjected to such porous coating of a titanium alloy, 3 ⁇ 4 (It is also known that the distal end of the stem 105 positioned on the vertical side is mirror-polished to reduce the bonding with the bone so that it is not fixed on the distal side.
- the fixation on the proximal side is referred to as proximal fixation
- the fixation on the distal side is referred to as distal fixation.
- the stem 105 k has a non-circular cross-section on the near side, but has a different shape from the bone! There are few parts that correspond to the ⁇ shape of the bone, ie, the bone cavity 117, and the cross section of the distal side is close to a circular shape, so that the stem 105k is easy to rotate. I have. Therefore, this stem 105 k had poor rotation fixation.
- stem 1 0 5 of the above but using a stainless alloy such as high corrosion resistance Konoruto if ⁇ 3 titanium alloy, that is a long period of time embedded in Wataru go-between body, in contact ⁇ of the bone, fine
- a stainless alloy such as high corrosion resistance Konoruto if ⁇ 3 titanium alloy, that is a long period of time embedded in Wataru go-between body, in contact ⁇ of the bone, fine
- the ⁇ concentration in the body is the same as that of seawater. Micropores called corrosion pits occur. It has been reported that fatigue originates from the corrosion pit and the stem breaks. Therefore, various fees have been charged as a material for the stem that can be used in place of, but among them, several materials using composite materials have been proposed.
- Figure 20 shows the boat characteristics (fatigue ⁇ ) of this composite material.
- the fatigue boat power S gradually decreases by the repeated application of the load force S.
- the composite material especially the carbon hardened resin (CF RP)
- CF RP carbon hardened resin
- the center of the stem is made of ⁇ , and the outside of the stem is wrapped with FR ⁇ , and between the FR ⁇ and the central metal part or between FRP and bone, due to minute movement, etc.
- the stem was loosened and failed. The cause is that the bending stiffness of the stem is given only in the central part, so the bending stiffness is low as a whole, and the stress distribution at the interface with the bone ⁇ f15 is concentrated on both sides, and it can withstand the stress. It is thought that this led to the occurrence of small movement.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Heisei 5-92210 discloses a structure in which a bow is located in a longitudinal direction of a stem outside a hollow intermediate portion, and has a 3 ⁇ 4fc ⁇ direction ⁇ . 4 5 in the longitudinal direction of the stem.
- the two-way daughter with a strengthened sea in the direction of and a stem with are being tested.
- This stem is designed to take on the bending stiffness of the ⁇ -Yumu Musume Sugi and the torsional stiffness of the bi-directional ⁇ Support, making use of the special characteristics of composite materials.
- the secondary holding part located outside this stem is formed by winding a belt-like reinforcing fiber, and in this case, it matches the inner shape of the bone.
- Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-5000945 has a core in which fibers are arranged at the center in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the stem, and is eroded to the outside of the core. There is no stemming and stemming with a sheath with a »screw arranged further outside the 3 ⁇ 4W. This stem is also the same as that of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-92019, and cannot prevent the stem from becoming loose.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram schematically illustrating the stress concentration.
- the problem is the problem of stress concentration in the connection between the stem and the bone
- FIG. 21 is a diagram schematically illustrating the stress concentration.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state of stress applied to the contact of the present invention.
- the average stress acting on the connection between 1Appendix 120 and ⁇ Appendix 121 is simply smaller than the simple average stress obtained by dividing the weight by bonding. Concentrated stress acts (shown in the center of the figure).
- the JBI stresses of App. 120 and App. 121 gradually decrease toward the left side in the figure and become zero on the left side due to the shear stress used for the cutting ⁇ .
- the middle point is indicated by a fiber).
- FIG. 3 (d) is a diagram showing the state of stress applied to the joints of the different oka I ⁇ which are adhered to each other.
- Oka I was considered to have a high age of 122, and the stress force S was concentrated, especially at a distance W to the right of the contact, The magnitude of the stress is larger than that of (A) (indicated by broken lines in the figure).
- the stress sharply decreases from the right side of the weaving (indicated by one point in the figure). In this way, it can be seen that the Oka IJ property of one member is high, and that the load force S is transmitted intensively at one separation ⁇ at the contact.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the state of stress applied to the joints of the different oka I ⁇ which are adhered to each other.
- FIG. 7 (C) is a diagram showing a state of stress applied to the bonded portion of the joint ⁇ ⁇ which has become shorter in the example of ( ⁇ ).
- the ⁇ stress sharply decreases from the point of contact, the high stress force is maintained to the left 3 ⁇ 4 due to the shortening of the bonded part (indicated by the point H in the figure).
- the stress S is concentrated at the point of contact.
- a stress concentration force S is generated at ⁇ 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4 of the connection.
- the male stem made of titanium alloy or the like has higher rigidity than the bone, and thus corresponds to the examples in Figs. 21 ( ⁇ ) and (C). ⁇ Large 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ Medium load is applied, and the stem and bone begin to separate from this part. This results in loosening of the system.
- FIG. 21 (D) the method shown in FIG. 21 (D) can be considered.
- This is a method in which the thickness is changed in the middle of the joint by providing a tapered part 124 on the surface opposite to the adhesive part in Appendix 123.
- Appendix 1 23 shows that the stiffness changes on the way to the right ⁇ , and is extended to the right while Oka I ⁇ is low. this;! ⁇ , The stress concentration is remarkably reduced, and is almost the same as the average stress of the contact ⁇ (shown by ⁇ in the figure). Also, the distribution of stress is not much different from that in Fig. (C) (shown by a one-dot chain in the figure).
- the shape of Appendix 1 23 By making the shape of Appendix 1 23 into such a shape, the overall adhesive stress can be increased and the JBI stress of the Appendix can be kept high as a whole.
- the concentration of stress can be reduced, and the stress can be applied to positions other than both sides of the joint, so that even if the stress is concentrated, the contact will not come off. Can be suppressed.
- the concentration of stress at the diaphysis is moved to the bone side, and the JB stress is kept high throughout the connection.
- the occurrence of stress screening is suppressed.
- it corresponds to the thigh area, and it is possible to prevent the stress force S from concentrating and separating from the surface due to the concentration of the stress force at the position of the stem with the stem.
- the conventional stem is made of titanium alloy or the like, which is a U material, and it is almost impossible to machine the stem into a hollow shape. D) could not be removed.
- the thickness of ⁇ is changed assuming that Oka I is changed.
- the rigidity can be changed by changing the direction in the composite material in addition to the thickness. Also, with the thickness! You can change both the direction of ⁇ Puren
- the present invention combines the bone with the bone without using cement, generates a loosening force s over a long period of time, and has an excellent external shape for each person.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cementless joint stem using a composite material having rigidity. Disclosure of the invention
- a cementless joint stem using the composite material according to the present invention is inserted into an insertion hole formed in the bone and fixed to the bone without cement.
- the »1 can be exemplified by carbon m, ceramics» t, glass » ⁇ , aramide ⁇ , etc., and these ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ are used as tanada, such as thread-like, mat-like, » non- ⁇ , etc.
- the resin include polyether ether ketone, polyetherimide, polyether ketone, polyataryl ether ketone, and polyether ketone. Examples include Lifuenlensanolefide, polysulfone, etc., and thermal resins that are harmless to the human body and do not leach out are preferred! ⁇ .
- the method for matching the outer surface shape of the stem with the inner shape of the insertion hole is not limited to any specific configuration.
- bones of a patient to which the stem is fixed may be used for CT, MRI, etc.
- a number of cross-sections were obtained using a deionized cross-section device, and numerical data was created by three-dimensional CAD based on these cross-sectional M-images, and computer control was performed based on the numerical data.
- a surgical pot or the like a hole having a predetermined inner surface shape is drilled in the bone of the patient.
- the outer shape of the stem can match the internal durability of the insertion hole.
- a stem is formed of a composite material having a predetermined thickness, and the thickness is changed to the bone area.
- the Pi property may be changed by decreasing the thickness in the direction from the to the bone difficulty area, or the reinforcement contained in the composite material »1!
- the oka ⁇ may be changed.
- the ratio, amount, or number of the strength contained in the composite material may be changed in the direction from the bone ⁇ region to the bone cage region.
- Oka [ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ may be changed by decreasing the number as it goes toward the area, and the number of hardened bullets contained in the composite material increases from the bone ⁇ area toward the bone area. By lowering the stiffness, the stiffness may be changed.
- These methods may be used as a worm or a combination of these methods. Not particularly limited.
- the gap between the stem and the bone is minimized. Can be reduced. This allows the stem to be connected to the bone without using cement, However, as with cement-type stems, there is no ⁇ that unreacted monomer is absorbed into the human body and adversely affects the human body due to poor cement or poor mixing of cement.
- the fit and fill can be increased, and the load from the stem can be evenly distributed. Since it is transmitted to the bones, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of stress sinning s, and the stress thinning causes the bones to be thinned, weakens the stem and prevents the stem from loosening. The stem of the stem will improve.
- the stem can be inserted without strongly hammering the stem into the insertion hole. Since it can be fixed, it can be used for patients with high bones with weak bones and osteopathy.
- the stem in the epiphyseal region is substantially the same as the inner shape of the insertion hole, the fit and fill in the bone region can be increased.
- the stem can be fixed in the bone region.
- the stem can be fixed on the most proximal side, so that the stem can be fixed proximally, and the load from the stem can be applied to the bone to the child.
- the length of the stem is changed so that the depth of the stem (Oka I ⁇ ⁇ ) decreases as the direction of the bone and the region decreases.
- the concentration of stress s at the ⁇ of the connection between the book and the bone of the stem can be suppressed, the separation of the connection ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ due to the concentration of stress can be prevented, and the loosening of the stem s can be prevented.
- the load from the stem is mainly locked in the bone 3 ⁇ 4g area, so for example, applied to ⁇ , the bone force in the bone area, ie, the proximal side, s Proximal fixation can be keyed.
- a composite material is used as the material of the stem.
- a composite material that does not affect the human body substances that are harmful to the human body elute from the stem into the human body like a conventional metal stem.
- the composite material is more excellent in workability and workability than a titanium alloy or the like, so that a desired shape can be obtained and the cost of manufacturing a stem can be reduced.
- the cementless® joint stem using the composite material according to the present invention is provided at the distal end side of the self-book, located in the bone S area, and bent and pulled more than the book ⁇ . (Further, a guide with a low ⁇ is provided.)
- the guide is provided on the distal end side of the stem, whereby when inserting the stem into the insertion hole formed in the bone at the time of insertion, the insertion of the stem is guided by the guide portion. Therefore, the stem can be inserted into the hole at ⁇ .
- the stem of the present invention has the same configuration as the example shown in FIG. 21 (D). That is, the left side in the figure including the tapered portion 124 of the member 123 corresponds to the main body of the stem, and the right side thereof corresponds to the guide.
- ⁇ Appendix 120 corresponds to the bone
- the adhesive portion bonding ⁇ Appendix 123 and ⁇ Appendix 120 corresponds to the connection between the stem and the bone, respectively.
- the cementless artificial joint stem using the composite material according to the present invention is configured such that "a predetermined amount of clearance force S is formed between the outer surface of the guide and the inner surface of the knitting hole". You can also.
- the stem since the clearance force S is formed between the guide ⁇ and the insertion hole, the load does not lock on the bone via the guide 3 ⁇ 4 without the guide force slipping and fiber.
- the stem has a low fit and fill in the bone cage area where the guide is located, and is not fixed in this area, but is fixed in the bone where the present feature 15 is located. Can be a child.
- the cementless joint stem using the composite material according to the present invention may have a configuration in which “an uneven surface treatment portion s is provided on the outer surface corresponding to the bone region”.
- the processing section may have a gently uneven shape, or may have a concave portion formed on some surface, and may have an adhesive layer containing nodoxyapatite. They may be provided, or they may be used alone or in combination, and are not particularly limited to these.
- the outer surface of the stem is provided with an uneven surface treatment portion, whereby a leaky coupling force s with the bone on the inner surface of the insertion hole can be obtained.
- a fixation of @@ without any trouble in ordinary life.
- the burden on the patient due to long-term hospitalization can be reduced, and the stem of the present invention can be used even for patients with high hospitalization.
- the stem of the present invention uses a composite material, it can be provided with a surface-treated portion in comparison with a conventional stem using a titanium alloy which is a ⁇ -cutting material. Therefore, even if a surface treatment part is provided, the cost of the stem can be kept low.
- the cementless joint stem using the composite material according to the present invention is described as follows: “The surface treatment section has an adhesive layer containing hydroxyapatite on the surface:
- the surface of the surface-treated portion contains the crystallinity S of hydroxyapatite
- the crystal and bone of the hydroxyapatite are chemically reacted with each other.
- the stem and the bone can be more firmly connected.
- the yeast of the composite material is covered with fibers and the transport of the composite material is reduced. And maintain a high level.
- the stem is made of a composite material
- the adhesiveness with the adhesive layer containing hydrodoxyapatite is better than that of a conventional stem made of a titanium alloy or the like, and the hydroxyapatite is separated from the stem. It's getting harder.
- the adhesiveness between the adhesive layer and the stem is further improved.
- the cementless artificial joint stem using the composite material according to the present invention is characterized in that “the disgusting book is in contact with the inner surface of the above-mentioned inlet hole and has a first outer layer having improved torsional rigidity, Placed inside
- the twisting direction is increased, and the hidden direction of the composite material should be directed to a direction that does not match the twisting direction, for example, a direction inclined approximately ⁇ 45 ° with respect to the twisting direction.
- the torsion oka I ⁇ can be increased.
- the bending rigidity can be increased by directing the! ⁇ ! Direction of the composite material in a direction substantially perpendicular to the bending direction.
- the core layer having a low IJ property a non-represented resin, a delamination or a composite material using a short enzyme can be used. If it's also a low V of Okazaki, there is no particular limitation.
- the inner j of the stem is provided with a ⁇ layer having a strong bending rigidity and a strong raw layer, and the outer side is provided with a first outer layer having a strong torsion oka 1J property.
- the bend and okaba can be made to be Wei.
- the conventional stem is made of S such as titanium alloy, and its oka I ⁇ cannot be changed according to the patient's condition, and it can be used for patients with weak bones and other diseases. Did not.
- the bending strength and the torsional rigidity can be set to a suitable value: US, so that the stem can be adapted to the characteristics of the bone of the patient to be implanted.
- a stem with an oka I ⁇ corresponding to the oka ij property of the bone can be used. It is possible to suppress the fact that bone strength s is destroyed due to a large difference between the two, and it can be applied to patients who have not been able to use artificial joints until now.
- cement is bonded to bone without using it, and a loose force s is generated over a long period of time ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4rf, excellent in durability, and suitable for each patient.
- a cementless joint stem using a composite material having high rigidity.
- FIG. 1 ( ⁇ ) is a front view of an artificial joint stem using the composite material of the present invention, and ( ⁇ ) is a side view thereof.
- FIG. 2 ( ⁇ ) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A1-A1 in FIG. 1
- FIG. 2 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A2-A2 in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view cut along a direction perpendicular to the axis at each height position of B1 to B6 in FIG.
- FIG. 4 (A) is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the surface treatment section in an enlarged manner
- FIG. 4 (B) is a cross-sectional view showing a further enlarged section B in FIG.
- FIG. 5 (A) is a graph showing the bone marrow fraction and bone translocation of the stem of Fig. 1; (B) is a graph showing bending and pulling oka I ⁇ , and (C) is a graph showing torsion oka I ⁇ .
- FIG. 6 (A) is a front view of another difficult embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 (B) is a side view thereof.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along a direction perpendicular to the axis at each height position of C1 to C6 in FIG.
- Fig. 8 (A) is a graph showing the bone fiber occupancy rate of the stem in Fig. 6, (B) is a graph showing bending and pulling oka ( ⁇ ), and (C) is a graph showing twisting oka [ ⁇ It is a graph shown.
- FIG. 9 (A) is a front view showing still another embodiment of a stem
- FIG. 9 (B) is a sectional view thereof.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional human joint.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view showing an example of a conventional cemented human joint stem made of ⁇ S.
- Figure 12 (A) shows a cement type person! ⁇ Is a diagram showing a state before the joint stem is attached, and (B) is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the stem is attached to the joint stem.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the proximal end of the bone.
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the inside of a bone.
- Fig. 15 (A) is a graph showing the relationship between the elastic modulus ratio of bone and the average porosity, and (B) is a graph showing the relationship between the compressive strength of bone and the average porosity in the thickness direction of the bone. It is a graph shown.
- Figure 16 shows a conventional cementless type person! ⁇ It is a plan view showing an example of a joint stem.
- FIG. 17 (A) is an enlarged view of a main portion showing a convex portion provided on the side surface of the stem
- FIG. 17 (B) is a partial cross-sectional view showing the cross section further enlarged.
- Fig. 18 shows a conventional cementless hip prosthesis stem that is different from the example in Fig. It is sectional drawing cut
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view cut along a direction perpendicular to the axis at each height position of Z 1 to Z 13 in FIG.
- Figure 20 is a graph showing changes in fatigue of three boats due to cyclic loading of a composite material and a titanium alloy.
- FIG. 21 (A) is a diagram showing the state of the stress applied to the joints of the joints of substantially the same rigidity, and (B) is the diagram of the joint force of different Oka ij
- FIG. 7C is a diagram showing a state of stress applied to a contact of S bonded, and FIG. 7C is a diagram showing a state of stress applied to a contact of a shorter age S in the example of FIG. (D) is a diagram showing the state of the ⁇ stress where the IJ property of Okatsuki on the other hand was changed on the way. Best mode for making invention
- FIG. 1 (A) is a front view of an artificial joint stem using the composite material of the present invention
- FIG. 1 (B) is a side view thereof.
- 2A is a sectional view taken along line A1-A1 in FIG. 1
- FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line A2-A2 in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view cut along the direction perpendicular to the axis at the heights B1 to B6 in FIG.
- FIG. 4 (A) is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the surface treatment section in an enlarged manner
- FIG. 4 (B) is a cross-sectional view showing a part B in FIG.
- Fig. 5 (A) is a graph showing the rate of inversion of the stem and the percentage of occupied bone and vacancy of the stem of Fig. 1, (B) is a graph showing bending and tensile rigidity, and (C) is a graph showing bending and tensile rigidity. 4 is a graph showing torsional rigidity.
- the prosthesis stem of this example is fixed to:
- the stem 1 is made of a composite material.
- the stem 1 has a neck portion 2 at the base end to which a spherical head (not shown) is fixed, and a lower portion of the neck portion 2 includes: This fixed solution 153, followed by the guide part 4 and the force S are provided.
- the main body 3 of the stem 1 is provided with a surface treatment section 5 having an uneven surface provided on a part of the surface thereof (a range indicated by oblique lines in FIG. 1). As shown in FIG. Then, hydroxyapatite crystal 6a is adhered to the surface of the surface treatment 5!
- the chemical bonding layer 6 formed on the mechanical coating 6 is formed as S!
- the unevenness of the surface treatment section 5 enhances the natural bond between the stem 1 and the inner surface of the insertion hole 8 drilled in the bone 7 in which the stem 1 is embedded.
- the hydroxyapatite crystal 6a contained in the layer 6 enhances the chemical bond with the bone 7 so that the stem 1 and the bone 7 are more strongly bonded to each other.
- the chemical bonding layer 6 corresponds to the adhesive layer of the present invention.
- the inner 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ of the stem 1 is in contact with the inner surface of the insertion hole 8 formed in the bone 7, and the first outer layer 9 having an increased torsion hole ( ⁇ ) and the first outer layer 9. It is located inside the outer layer 9, continues to the neck part 3 and continues to the book i2j? J4, and has increased bending stiffness »gl 0, and it is located inside ⁇ ffi l 10, ⁇ m ⁇ M 1 0 and the core layer 11 having lower IJ properties than the first outer layer 9, the innermost layer 12 disposed between the core layer 11 and the main ffi i ⁇ , and the outer surface of the guide portion 4 Then ⁇ m ⁇
- the composite material used for the stem 1 is a carbon-modified resin, and the carbon »is a high-elasticity high-strength element Hi having an elastic modulus of, for example, 200 to 65 GPa.
- a thermal resin that is harmless to the human body such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyetherenoimide (PEI)
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- PEI polyetherenoimide
- a sizing »for enhancing the adhesiveness to the resin may be applied to the carbon material.
- the first outer layer 9 of the stem 1 has a composite material of “nada”, which is arranged so that the direction of ⁇ is approximately 45 ° with respect to the axial direction of the stem 3 of the stem 1. ing. As a result, the torsional ridge I ⁇ can be increased, and the first outer layer 9 can bear the shear load and the torsional load acting on the stem 1.
- 3 ⁇ 4i jl 10 of the stem 1 is defined as the ⁇ ! Force S »of the composite material, and the directional force thereof is arranged toward the axial direction of the main body 3 of the stem 1.
- the bending J property can be enhanced, and the layer 10 can bear the bending load acting on the stem 1.
- this kamazuru 9 has the bone fiber region of bone 7 with the stem 1 fixed to the bone 7 from the neck 2 to the tip of the book # ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 3. It extends to the border with the bone. Then, from the side of the guy K # 4 of the stem 1, the core layer 11 extends into the S main structure i10 to a predetermined depth.
- the taper portion 14 force S is formed at the inner end of 0 by entering the core layer 11 force S into the main 5) il 0. Due to the tapered portion 14, the thickness changes by 10, which changes the value of 10 in the tapered portion 14. In this ⁇ , the main ⁇ tli io, Oka [ ⁇ is getting lower as it approaches its tip rule.
- the core layer 11 of the stem 1 is made of a material having a low Oka I ⁇ , such as a material, and the innermost layer 12 and the second outer layer 13 both have a fiber orientation of ⁇ 45 °. It is made of a layer oriented in the direction or a material with low rigidity.
- Oka IJ properties of the core layer 11 and the second outer layer 13 are as follows. In this case, the rigidity required for inserting the stem 1 into the insertion hole 8 is the minimum stiffness.
- the stem 1 has an external bearing S of the stem 1 and an insertion hole 8 formed in the S-bone 7 at most of the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the axis. It can be seen that the shape is almost the same as the inner resistance of (bone 8a).
- the patient's bone 7 to which the stem 1 is fixed is expanded into several cross sections using a sickle slicing device such as a CT or MR ⁇ , and three-dimensional CAD is performed based on these images.
- a sickle slicing device such as a CT or MR ⁇
- three-dimensional CAD is performed based on these images.
- an insertion hole 8 having a predetermined inner surface shape is formed in a patient's bone by a humanoid robot or the like controlled by a computer based on the numerical data.
- a mold is created based on the same numerical data, and the stem 1 is formed using the mold (not shown).
- a resin sheet made of hide-opened xiapatite crystals is arranged at a position corresponding to the surface treatment section 5 with a natural appearance, and the first surface layer 9 is formed inside the resin sheet.
- the »formed by the carbon that forms the sickle it®10 and the heat that is made of M resin is arranged so that the direction of the ⁇ points to the Ifc direction of the stem 1. Then, the inner layer 1 2 and the second outer layer J layer 13 »are placed on the floor, and the core layer is formed in the space formed by the innermost layer 12 and the second outer layer J layer 13. 1 Distribute the foaming agent that becomes 1.
- the pressure can be applied from the inner side of the stem by foaming with the blowing agent power S forming the core layer 11.
- the stem is 1 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ .
- the ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ surface of this stem 1 is engraved with irregularities ⁇ ⁇ for the surface treatment part 5.
- the surface treatment part 5 is formed at the same time when the stem is formed.
- the first outer layer 9, ⁇ m 10 inside the surface treatment section 5 is also formed so as to conform to the shape of the surface treatment section 5 without cutting the inside of the first outside layer 9, ⁇ m10. .
- the stem 1 manufactured in this manner has a bone cage insect ratio and a bone cage empty occupancy ratio, that is, fit and fill. Although the power is low, it is higher on the distal side, and it changes to the distal end with about 70% of the bone metamorphosis and bone occupancy rate. .
- Fig. 5 (A) shows a graph of the bone infestation rate and bone cage empty occupancy rate by using the conventional cementless stem (1 point H spring) and its improvement. Compared to custom-made stems (fountains), etc., it can be seen that the bone formation rate and bone occupation rate are significantly higher.
- reference numeral 15 in the figure denotes an area where the tapered portion 14 is not provided with the book ⁇ 3 force bonding.
- Reference numeral 6 denotes an area where the tapered portion of the present ⁇ 3 is provided with the 14 force S
- reference numeral 17 denotes an area where the guide 4 force S is bonded.
- a tapered portion 14 is provided in the boundary region between the bone joint and the bone lip shell region, that is, the main ⁇ H 10 of the stem 1.
- the bending and pulling of the stem [ ⁇ ] decrease sharply and the torsional rigidity gradually decreases toward the tip end of the stem 1 (the guide part 4 side).
- the load from the stem 1 is transmitted to the bone 7 via the rigid book 3 because the
- the configuration of the connection between the stem 1 and the bone 7 is the same as that shown in FIG. 21 (D). Is suppressed.
- the stem 1 and the bone 7 can be reduced as much as possible. Therefore, in spite of the cementless type, in the early stage after ⁇ 1 ?, it is possible to obtain sufficient nail fixation for daily living and to have high rotational fixation. As a result, it is possible to complete the week in a short period of time, and to be able to rehabilitate in a short time, reducing the burden on the patient. It can also be used for Takayo, whose function is adversely affected.
- the outer shape of the stem 1 and the shape of the inner surface of the insertion hole 8 drilled in the bone 7 substantially match the shape of the inner surface.
- the load on the bone is transmitted to the bones without bias, so that the occurrence of stress sino and ing can be suppressed.
- the stem can be prevented from loosening by one force, and the durability of the artificial joint is improved.
- the load from stem 1 is mainly ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 in the bone area, because Oka I ⁇ in the bone area B is low. That is, it can be fixed proximally.
- the guide portion 4 since the guide portion 4 is provided on the distal end side of the stem 1, the guide portion 4 guides the insertion of the stem 1 when the stem 1 is inserted into the insertion hole 8 formed in the bone 7 at the time of. Therefore, the stem 1 can be inserted into the insertion hole 8 at ⁇ .
- the surface of the main body 3 is provided with a surface treatment section 5 having irregularities, and further thereon a chemical bonding layer 6 containing hydroxyapatite crystals.
- the stem 1 can be leak-tightly coupled to the bone 7 and can be more firmly joined, so that the stem 1 can be prevented from being bent.
- the moldability and workability are superior to those of ⁇ , and the cost of manufacturing the stem 1 can be reduced.
- the surface treatment section 5 is formed at the same time as the stem 1, there is no need to perform a separate process to provide the surface treatment section 5. Can be suppressed.
- FIG. 6 (A) is a front view of a stem of another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 (B) is a side view thereof
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along a direction perpendicular to the axis at each height position of C1 to C6 in FIG.
- Fig. 8 (A) is a graph showing the medullaris and the free key of the stem in Fig. 6, and (B) is a graph showing the bending and pulling Oka I.
- (C) is a graph showing Torizoka I ⁇ . Note that the same components as those in the above example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the stem 20 in the form of the present cat can be obtained by increasing the fit and fill in the book 2, that is, in the bone ⁇ S area, and lowering the fit and fill in the guide section 4, that is, in the bone difficulty area.
- the fixation between the bone and the bone 7 is ensured in the bone ⁇ region, that is, the proximal fixation.
- the stem 20 of the present example has a taper portion 21 force S provided between the guide # 4 and the guide 4, and the taper portion 21 makes the guide 4
- the outer shape of the hole is reduced, and a predetermined amount of clearance is formed between the outer surface of the guide 4 and the inner surface of the insertion hole 8.
- the ratio of bone loach and bone occupation rate (fit and fill) is high in book 3 of stem 20, but the fit and fill in taper portion 21 is high.
- the guide section 4 has a low fit and fill up to the tip.
- the guide since a predetermined amount of clearance is formed between the outer surface of the guide 4 of the stem 20 and the inner surface of the insertion hole 8, the guide is provided at an initial stage later. The part 4 is not removed from the bone 7 and the fit and fill is reduced in the bone S area, so that the load is applied to the bone 7 via the guide 54 without force S.
- FIG. 9 (A) is a front view showing a stem of still another difficult embodiment
- FIG. 9 (B) is a sectional view thereof.
- the stem 30 in the $$ state does not have a guide, and has a form in which the guide 4 of the stem 1 shown in FIG. 1 is deleted.
- reference numeral 31 in the drawing denotes a third outer layer, which closes the lower end of the core layer 11 at the lower end of the stem 30.
- the stem 30 can be favorably fixed in the epiphyseal region, and the same effect as above can be obtained.
- the core layer 11 and the third outer layer 31 may be deleted, and the present # ⁇ 3 may be formed into a medium shape.
- the carbon material and the carbon-reinforced resin made of a thermoplastic resin such as PEEK or PEI are used as the composite material in the present embodiment.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Ceramics
- the carbon problem of the composite material used for the stems 1 and 20 is referred to as the book ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 3
- the same I »as guide # 54 is shown, but is not limited to this.
- High elastic fiber may be used in book # 3 ⁇ 43
- low elastic modulus may be used in guide 4, or book 3 may be used.
- the carbon training may be performed by using a glass having a low elastic modulus in the guide portion 4.
- the rigidity of the guide # 34 can be configured to be lower than that of the main body portion 3, there is no particular limitation.
- the stems 1, 20, and 30 are shown with the innermost layer 12 as a force. The present invention is not limited to this. Even if the stem does not have the innermost layer 12, good. As a result, the labor in the stem manufacturing process can be saved, and the cost of the stem can be reduced. '
- the stem 20 is provided with a tapered portion 21 between the book 3 and the guide 4 in the stem 20, and a predetermined amount is provided between the outer surface of the guide portion 4 and the insertion hole 8 of the bone 7.
- the clearance formed as described above is shown, the invention is not limited to this.
- the clearance between the insertion hole 8 and the guy F # 4 may be substantially the same as the clearance between the book 3 and the insertion hole 8. That is, the inner surface shape of the insertion hole 8 may be a shape along the outer surface shape of the stem 20. According to this, the same effect as described above can be obtained.
- This effort combines bone with cement without using cement, does not cause loosening over a long period of time, has excellent durability, and has appropriate external and micro-hardness for each patient.
- a cementless type joint stem using a material can be used.
- a joint such as a knee joint or a shoulder joint, an implant for making a broken bone, or an accident caused by an accident or a disease is lost. It can also be used as a bone substitute.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/013009 WO2005034818A1 (ja) | 2003-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | 複合材料を用いたセメントレス型人工関節ステム |
GB0604217A GB2423025B (en) | 2003-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | Cement-less type artificial joint stem with the use of composite material |
AU2003280556A AU2003280556A1 (en) | 2003-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | Cementless artificial joint system using composite material |
US10/545,082 US20060184250A1 (en) | 2003-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | Cement-less type artificial joint stem with the use of composite material |
JP2005509462A JP3901717B2 (ja) | 2003-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | 複合材料を用いたセメントレス型人工関節ステム |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/JP2003/013009 WO2005034818A1 (ja) | 2003-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | 複合材料を用いたセメントレス型人工関節ステム |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005034818A1 true WO2005034818A1 (ja) | 2005-04-21 |
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ID=34430856
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PCT/JP2003/013009 WO2005034818A1 (ja) | 2003-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | 複合材料を用いたセメントレス型人工関節ステム |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20060184250A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3901717B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003280556A1 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2423025B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005034818A1 (ja) |
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WO2007063853A1 (ja) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-06-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha B. I. Tec | セメントレス型人工股関節用ステム |
JP2007144011A (ja) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-06-14 | Bi Tec:Kk | セメントレス型人工股関節用ステム |
GB2446105A (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2008-07-30 | B I Tec Kk | Artificial cementless hip prosthesis stem |
DE112006003275T5 (de) | 2005-11-30 | 2008-10-30 | Kabushiki Kaisha B. I. TEC, Kakamigahara-shi | Künstlicher, zementfreier Hüftprothesen-Schaft |
US20100312354A1 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2010-12-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha B. I. Tec | Artificial cementless hip prosthesis stem |
GB2446105B (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2011-01-26 | B I Tec Kk | An artificial cementless hip prosthesis stem |
US8252062B2 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2012-08-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha B.I. Tec | Artificial cementless hip prosthesis stem |
US8645106B2 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2014-02-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha B.I. Tec | Method of determining shape of artificial cementless hip prosthesis stem |
JP2015510826A (ja) * | 2012-03-21 | 2015-04-13 | スミス アンド ネフュー インコーポレーテッド | 解剖学的ステムを有する脛骨インプラント |
US10335284B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2019-07-02 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Tibial implant having an anatomic stem |
US10758360B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2020-09-01 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Tibial implant having an anatomic stem |
WO2018123605A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-05 | 公益財団法人先端医療振興財団 | 医療用接着剤 |
JPWO2021240798A1 (ja) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | ||
WO2021240798A1 (ja) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | 京セラ株式会社 | 人工関節用ステム |
JP7499326B2 (ja) | 2020-05-29 | 2024-06-13 | 京セラ株式会社 | 人工関節用ステム |
US12186000B2 (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2025-01-07 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Temporary antimicrobial cement spacer, assembly, kit, and method of manufacture |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB0604217D0 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
GB2423025B (en) | 2007-10-24 |
AU2003280556A1 (en) | 2005-04-27 |
JPWO2005034818A1 (ja) | 2006-12-21 |
US20060184250A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
JP3901717B2 (ja) | 2007-04-04 |
GB2423025A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
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