WO2005026659A1 - 三次元計測装置 - Google Patents
三次元計測装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005026659A1 WO2005026659A1 PCT/JP2003/011621 JP0311621W WO2005026659A1 WO 2005026659 A1 WO2005026659 A1 WO 2005026659A1 JP 0311621 W JP0311621 W JP 0311621W WO 2005026659 A1 WO2005026659 A1 WO 2005026659A1
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- Prior art keywords
- measurement
- dimensional data
- space
- dimensional
- camera
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures by projecting a pattern, e.g. one or more lines, moiré fringes on the object
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/50—Depth or shape recovery
- G06T7/521—Depth or shape recovery from laser ranging, e.g. using interferometry; from the projection of structured light
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a three-dimensional measuring device that measures a three-dimensional surface shape of an object with high accuracy and efficiency. More specifically, even when an object or an object having a complicated three-dimensional surface shape moves, the three-dimensional surface shape outside and / or inside the object is easily and quickly and accurately and efficiently.
- the present invention relates to a three-dimensional measuring device capable of measuring at once. Background art
- Patent Document 1 A three-dimensional measuring device has been disclosed which arranges a head (comprising a measuring camera and a light source) on the same plane, thereby making the conventional measuring device more compact and capable of high-speed measurement.
- the object when the object is a jar, the three-dimensional surface shape (contour) outside the jar can be measured, but the solid inside the jar is measured.
- the measurement head When measuring the surface shape, it is impossible to measure because the measurement head is fixedly arranged on the same plane.
- the part corresponding to the blind spot of the measurement head for example, the object is a human body,
- the measurement heads are placed only on the armpits, the arrangement of the measurement heads becomes irregular, and there is a problem that extra measurement time is required.
- the object to be measured is usually a stationary object so far, if the object moves in some way, it is measured every time the distance between the object and the measurement head changes. It was necessary to change the setting of various parameters necessary for processing the collected data, and it was virtually impossible to measure a moving object. Disclosure of the invention
- the inventor arranges a measuring camera and a light source at arbitrary positions in a predetermined space, and grasps a positional relationship between the measuring camera and the object in a space, thereby obtaining an object having a complicated three-dimensional surface shape.
- a three-dimensional measuring device has been invented that can measure the three-dimensional surface shape of an object simply and quickly with high accuracy and efficiency.
- the installation place of the object is not limited as in the past, the object is placed at an arbitrary position within the space, and the light source and the measuring force camera are arranged at an arbitrary position in the space. Therefore, even when it is impossible or difficult to capture images using a conventional fixed light source or measurement camera, a stripe pattern is projected from an arbitrary installation point on the target object, and it is projected.
- the three-dimensional surface shape of the object can be measured with high accuracy and efficiency based on the principle of triangulation as in the past.
- the invention according to claim 1 is a three-dimensional measurement device comprising a three-dimensional data acquisition device that measures a three-dimensional surface shape of an object and a three-dimensional data processing device that creates three-dimensional data based on the measurement result.
- a plurality of the three-dimensional data acquisition devices are provided at arbitrary positions in a space, a plurality of light sources projecting a stripe pattern on the object, and a plurality of light sources are provided at an arbitrary position in the space.
- a measurement camera that captures an image of a stripe pattern projected on the object, and detects a part or all of the position, inclination, direction of an optical axis, and magnification in the space
- the three-dimensional data processing device issues to the measurement camera an instruction to acquire a part or all of parameters of the position, inclination, optical axis direction, and magnification of the measurement camera in the space
- Measurement from camera A combination of a light source for projecting a stripe pattern on the object and the measurement camera for imaging the stripe pattern is extracted based on the parameters, and the order and measurement of the measurement force to be imaged are obtained.
- a control unit that controls time and obtains measurement data by causing the measurement camera to capture an image of the stripe pattern of the object; a three-dimensional data calculation unit that creates three-dimensional data based on the measurement data;
- a three-dimensional measuring device includes: a data processing unit that performs a three-dimensional display of the object based on original data; and a storage unit that stores the created three-dimensional data.
- the invention of claim 2 is a three-dimensional measurement system comprising: a three-dimensional data acquisition device for measuring a three-dimensional surface shape of an object; and a three-dimensional data processing device for creating a three-dimensional image based on the measurement result.
- An apparatus wherein a plurality of the three-dimensional data acquisition apparatuses are provided at arbitrary positions in a space.
- a light source that projects a stripe pattern on the object, a measurement camera that is provided at a plurality of arbitrary positions in the space, and captures an image of the stripe pattern projected on the object, At least one or more is provided at an arbitrary position in the space, and detects a part or all of the position, inclination, optical axis direction, and magnification of the measurement camera in the space.
- the three-dimensional data processing apparatus includes: a measurement camera that issues an instruction to acquire a part or all of the parameters of the position, tilt, direction of the optical axis, and magnification of the measurement camera in the space.
- Control means for extracting the combination based on the parameters and controlling the order of the measurement cameras and the measurement time for imaging, and causing the measurement camera to image the stripe pattern of the object and acquire measurement data; and A three-dimensional data calculating unit that creates a three-dimensional image based on the measurement data; a data processing unit that performs a three-dimensional display of the object based on the three-dimensional data; Is a three-dimensional measuring apparatus having a storage unit for storing the data.
- the invention according to claim 3 is a three-dimensional measurement device comprising a three-dimensional data acquisition device for measuring a three-dimensional surface shape of an object and a three-dimensional data processing device for creating three-dimensional data based on the measurement result. At least one or more of the three-dimensional data acquisition devices are provided at an arbitrary position in a space, and an object position measurement sensor for detecting a position of the object in the space; A plurality of stripes are provided at arbitrary positions and project a stripe pattern on the object.
- a plurality of light sources, and a plurality of light sources are provided at arbitrary positions in the space, and images a pattern of stripes projected on the object, and a position, an inclination, a direction of an optical axis, and a part of magnification in the space.
- a measuring force camera for detecting the entirety wherein the three-dimensional data processing device includes: a position of the object in the space; a position, an inclination, and an optical axis of the measurement camera in the space.
- the parameter and part of or all of the magnification is issued to the object position measuring sensor and the measuring camera, and the parameter image is obtained from the object position measuring sensor and the measuring camera.
- a combination of a light source that projects the stripe pattern on the object and the measurement camera that captures the stripe pattern is extracted based on the parameters, and the order of the measurement camera that captures the image and the control of the measurement time are controlled.
- the invention of claim 4 is a three-dimensional measuring device comprising a three-dimensional data acquisition device for measuring a three-dimensional surface shape of an object and a three-dimensional data processing device for creating three-dimensional data based on the measurement result. At least one or more of the three-dimensional data acquisition device is provided at an arbitrary position in a space, and an object position measurement sensor for detecting a position of the object in the space; A plurality of light sources that are provided at arbitrary positions in a space and project a stripe pattern on the object; and a plurality of light sources that are provided at arbitrary positions in the space and A measurement camera for capturing an image of a stripe pattern projected on an object, and at least one or more provided at an arbitrary position in the space, and a position, an inclination, a direction of an optical axis, and a magnification of the measurement camera in the space
- a measuring camera position measuring sensor for detecting a part or the whole of the three-dimensional data processing device, wherein the three-dimensional data processing device includes:
- a combination of a light source that projects a stripe pattern on the object and the measurement camera that captures the stripe pattern is obtained by acquiring the parameters from the sensor and the measurement camera position measurement sensor.
- Control means for controlling the order and the measurement time of the measurement camera that extracts and captures the image based on the data, acquires the measurement data by causing the measurement camera to capture the stripe pattern of the object,
- Three-dimensional data calculation means for generating three-dimensional data based on the three-dimensional data; data processing means for performing three-dimensional display of the object based on the three-dimensional data; and storage means for storing the generated three-dimensional data.
- Three-dimensional measuring device Three-dimensional measuring device.
- the invention according to claim 12 is a three-dimensional data acquisition device that measures a three-dimensional surface shape of an object based on control from a three-dimensional data processing device that creates three-dimensional data, wherein the three-dimensional data
- a plurality of acquisition devices are provided at arbitrary positions in the space, and a plurality of light sources are provided at arbitrary positions in the space, and a plurality of light sources project the stripe pattern to the object.
- the invention according to claim 13 is a three-dimensional data acquisition device that measures a three-dimensional surface shape of an object based on control from a three-dimensional data processing device that creates three-dimensional data, wherein the three-dimensional data
- a plurality of acquisition devices are provided at arbitrary positions in a space, and a plurality of acquisition devices are provided at an arbitrary position in the space, and a plurality of light sources projecting a stripe pattern to the object, and are provided at the arbitrary positions in the space.
- a measurement camera that captures an image of a stripe pattern, and at least one or more provided at an arbitrary position in the space, and a part of the position, inclination, direction of the optical axis, and magnification of the measurement camera in the space Or, it is a three-dimensional data acquisition device having a measurement camera position measurement sensor for detecting the whole.
- the invention according to claim 14 is a three-dimensional data acquisition device that measures a three-dimensional surface shape of an object based on control from a three-dimensional data processing device that creates three-dimensional data, And at least one or more object position measurement sensors for detecting the position of the object in the space, and a plurality of object position measurement sensors at any position in the space, A plurality of light sources for projecting stripe patterns, and a plurality of light sources are provided at arbitrary positions in the space, and images of the stripes projected on the target object are taken, and their positions in the space are captured.
- This is a three-dimensional data acquisition device having a measurement camera that detects a part, the whole, the tilt, the direction of the optical axis, and the magnification.
- the invention according to claim 15 is a three-dimensional data acquisition device that measures a three-dimensional surface shape of an object based on control from a three-dimensional data processing device that creates three-dimensional data, Less in position
- a three-dimensional data acquisition device provided with a measurement camera position measurement sensor for detecting a part or all of the position, inclination, optical axis direction, and magnification of the measurement camera in the space.
- the invention according to claim 18 is a three-dimensional data processing device that creates three-dimensional data based on a result obtained from a three-dimensional data acquisition device that performs imaging of a three-dimensional surface shape of an object
- the original data processing device is provided at a plurality of arbitrary positions in the space of the three-dimensional data acquisition device, and converts the stripe pattern of the object projected by a light source that projects the stripe pattern on the object.
- Imaging detecting its own position, inclination, direction of optical axis, part or all of magnification in the space, and measuring a plurality of measurements provided at arbitrary positions in the space of the three-dimensional data acquisition device.
- An instruction is issued to the camera to obtain some or all of the parameters of the position, inclination, optical axis direction, and magnification of the measurement camera in the space, and the parameters are obtained from the measurement camera.
- a combination of a light source for projecting a stripe pattern on an elephant and the measurement camera for imaging the stripe pattern is extracted based on the parameters, and the order of the measurement cameras for imaging and the measurement time are controlled.
- Control means for causing the measurement camera to capture an image of the stripe of the object, and acquiring measurement data; and Three-dimensional data calculation means for creating three-dimensional data; data processing means for performing three-dimensional display of the object based on the three-dimensional data; and storage means for storing the generated three-dimensional data. It is a three-dimensional data processing device having
- the invention according to claim 19 is a three-dimensional data processing device that creates three-dimensional data based on a result obtained from a three-dimensional data acquisition device that captures a three-dimensional surface shape of an object, wherein the three-dimensional data
- the original data processing device is provided at a plurality of arbitrary positions in the space of the three-dimensional data acquisition device, and converts the stripe pattern of the object projected by a light source that projects the stripe pattern on the object.
- a measurement force to detect a part or all of the camera is instructed to acquire a part or all of the parameters of the position, inclination, optical axis direction, and magnification of the measurement camera in the space to the camera measurement position sensor.
- Acquiring the parameters from the measurement camera measurement position sensor extracting a combination of a light source that projects a stripe pattern on the object and the measurement camera that captures the stripe pattern based on the parameters,
- Control means for controlling the order of the measuring cameras to be imaged and the measuring time, causing the measuring camera to image the stripe pattern of the object, and acquiring measurement data; and creating three-dimensional data based on the measurement data.
- a three-dimensional data processing device comprising: three-dimensional data calculation means; data processing means for performing three-dimensional display of the object based on the three-dimensional data; and storage means for storing the created three-dimensional data.
- the invention according to claim 20 is a three-dimensional data processing device that creates three-dimensional data based on a result obtained from a three-dimensional data acquisition device that images a three-dimensional surface shape of an object, wherein the three-dimensional data
- the processing device is provided at least one or more at an arbitrary position in the space of the three-dimensional data acquisition device, an object position measurement sensor for detecting the position of the object, and the processing device of the three-dimensional data acquisition device.
- An image of a stripe pattern of the object projected by a light source which is provided at a plurality of arbitrary positions in the space and projects the stripe pattern on the object, and own position and inclination in the space A part or all of the direction of the optical axis and the magnification are detected, and a plurality of measurement cameras are provided at arbitrary positions in the space of the three-dimensional data acquisition device.
- An instruction to acquire the position of the elephant, the position and inclination of the measurement camera in the space, the direction of the optical axis, and some or all of the parameters of the magnification is issued, and the object position measurement sensor and the measurement camera Acquiring the parameters, extracting a combination of a light source that projects a stripe pattern on the object and the measurement camera that captures the stripe pattern based on the parameters, and ordering and measuring the measurement camera that captures the stripe pattern; Control means for controlling time, acquiring measurement data by causing the measurement camera to capture the stripe pattern of the object, ⁇ ⁇ -dimensional data calculation means for creating three-dimensional data based on the measurement data, and the tertiary
- a three-dimensional data processing device comprising: data processing means for performing three-dimensional display of the object based on original data; and storage means for storing the created three-dimensional data. It is a device.
- the invention according to claim 21 is based on a three-dimensional data acquisition apparatus for imaging a three-dimensional surface shape of an object.
- a three-dimensional data processing device that creates at least one or more of the three-dimensional data acquisition devices at any position in the space of the three-dimensional data acquisition device and detects a position of the target object.
- the image of the stripe pattern of the three-dimensional data acquisition device, and a plurality of measurement cameras provided at arbitrary positions in the space of the three-dimensional data acquisition device, the position, inclination, and light in the space of the three-dimensional data acquisition device The position of the object in the space, the position of the measurement camera in the space, the inclination, the optical axis
- An instruction to acquire part or all of the parameters of the direction and the magnification is issued, the parameters are acquired from the object position measurement sensor and the measurement camera measurement position sensor, and a stripe pattern is acquired on the object.
- a combination of a light source that projects light and the measurement camera that captures the pattern of the stripes is extracted based on the parameters, and the order of the measurement force film to be captured and the measurement time are controlled.
- the three-dimensional data processing device includes a data processing unit that performs three-dimensional display, and a storage unit that stores the created three-dimensional data.
- the measuring camera is arranged at an arbitrary position in the space, even if the object has a complicated shape, it is possible to change the position of the measuring camera and the light source at any time to take an image. Can It becomes. Further, in the inventions of claims 1, claim 3, claim 1, claim 2, claim 14, claim 18 and claim 20, the measuring camera is located in the space in the measuring camera. By observing such information, a sensor that measures the measurement camera is not required. In particular, in the inventions of Claims 1, 12, and 18, the installation position of the object in the space is also fixed, so that the object position measuring sensor itself is unnecessary. That is, since the position of the object is fixed, the combination of the measuring camera and the light source that does not overlap the light source can be calculated.
- the position of the object is detected by using the object position measuring sensor 1 so that the object can be installed at an arbitrary position in space. Becomes possible. This makes it possible to perform flexible imaging without having to worry about the installation position of the target object.
- the measuring camera position measuring sensor for measuring the measuring camera is provided.
- the load on the measurement camera can be reduced, and the measurement camera can be set to an arbitrary position. It is possible to automatically detect the position using a sensor and take an image.
- the measurement camera moves under the control of the control means based on the position of the object detected by the object position measurement sensor, and captures the stripe pattern. It is a three-dimensional measurement device.
- the invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the measurement camera is configured to measure the position of the object.
- a three-dimensional measurement apparatus that changes the tilt, the direction of the optical axis, and the magnification based on the position of the target object detected by the constant sensor and controls the control unit to capture the stripe pattern.
- the invention according to claim 17 is the measurement camera, wherein the tilt, the direction of the optical axis, and the magnification are changed based on the position of the target detected by the target position measurement sensor under the control of the control unit. This is a three-dimensional image acquisition for imaging the stripe pattern.
- the invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the three-dimensional data calculation means performs conversion of point cloud data based on the measurement data, performs rotation and translation after the conversion, and performs synthesis processing. And a three-dimensional measuring device that creates three-dimensional data by performing smoothing processing.
- the invention of claim 22 is the invention, wherein the three-dimensional data calculation means performs a point-to-point conversion based on the measurement data, performs rotation and parallel movement after the conversion, and performs a synthesis process and a smoothing process.
- This is a three-dimensional data acquisition device that creates three-dimensional data by performing processing. According to the inventions of claims 7 and 22, it is possible to create three-dimensional data of an object.
- control means comprises: In a case where a combination of cameras is extracted, the three-dimensional measurement apparatus extracts a combination in which a stripe pattern projected by the light source does not overlap on the object.
- the invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that, when the control unit extracts a combination of the light source and the measurement camera, a lens or a filter that does not allow light of a specific frequency to pass through the measurement camera, or a specific color.
- the three-dimensional measurement device includes a color filter that does not pass through, and appropriately extracts a combination of the light source and the measurement camera.
- the control unit includes a lens or a filter for extracting the specific phase by the measurement camera, and a function of turning on or off the function of the lens or the filter for extracting the specific phase.
- This is a three-dimensional measuring device that controls the OFF time in a time-division manner.
- the invention according to claim 11 is the three-dimensional measuring apparatus, wherein the control unit controls the measurement camera based on color information of the measurement data.
- control unit when the control unit extracts a combination of the light source and the measurement camera, a combination in which a pattern of stripes projected by the light source does not overlap on the object is used. It is a three-dimensional data processing device to extract.
- the invention according to claim 24 is characterized in that, when the control unit extracts a combination of the light source and the measurement camera, a lens or a filter that does not allow light of a specific frequency to pass through the measurement camera, or a specific
- This is a three-dimensional data processing device that includes a color filter that does not allow color to pass through, and appropriately extracts a combination of the light source and the measurement camera.
- the invention according to claim 25 is characterized in that the control means is that the measurement camera is A three-dimensional data processing device comprising a lens or a filter for extracting a specific phase, and controlling the on / off of the function of the lens or the filter for extracting the specific phase by dividing it in time. .
- the invention according to claim 26 is the three-dimensional data processing device, wherein the control means controls the measurement camera based on color information of the measurement data.
- the stripe pattern may overlap on the object, but the lens or the filter that does not allow light of a specific frequency to pass to the measurement camera.
- the control means may temporally control the phase extraction. That is, control is performed such that a certain phase is extracted at a certain time and a phase is not extracted at a certain time.
- the measurement camera itself is controlled based on the color information of the texture. You may let it. This control includes turning on / off the switch of the measuring camera and controlling the magnification.
- FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an example of the system configuration of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the process flow of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a conceptual diagram in the case of using a urn as an object.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the combination of measurement cameras and the imaging order in the case shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a system configuration diagram in a case where a plurality of three-dimensional data acquisition devices are continuously arranged.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram in the case where a light source and a pair of measuring force cameras are provided.
- FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram when a fringe pattern is projected on an object using a laser light source as a light source.
- FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an example of the system configuration of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the process flow of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a conceptual diagram in the case of using a urn as
- FIG. 8 is a side view showing an example of a measurement camera and a projection pattern thereof from the side.
- FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram when a stripe pattern is projected on an object using a halogen light source as a light source.
- FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram when three-dimensional data is created from a stripe pattern.
- FIG. 11 is an image diagram in a case where a human body is imaged by the three-dimensional data acquisition device.
- Figure 12 is an image diagram of a three-dimensional image.
- FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram when a moving image is created. Brief description of the sign
- the three-dimensional measuring device 1 generates a three-dimensional data (a three-dimensional coordinate, a texture data, a wire frame, etc.) of the target object based on the data of the measurement result and a three-dimensional data acquisition device 2 for measuring the target object. And a three-dimensional data processing device 3.
- the three-dimensional data acquisition device 2 is a device that captures an object and acquires three-dimensional data, and includes a plurality of measurement cameras 8 and light sources 14 provided at arbitrary positions in space. In some cases, at least one or more target object position measurement sensors 10 and measurement camera position measurement sensors 9 may be provided at arbitrary positions in the space. A plurality of light sources 14 are provided at arbitrary positions in the space, and project a stripe pattern 15 on an object. The stripe pattern 15 in this case may be vertical, horizontal, or otherwise.
- the light source 14 may be any of a halogen light source and a laser light source. When a halogen light source is used as the light source 14, the slit 11 is arranged between the light source 14 and the object in order to project the stripe on the object.
- Fig. 9 shows a halogen light source as light source 14 A conceptual diagram of the projection of the stripe pattern 15 onto the object is shown.
- FIG. 7 shows a conceptual diagram when a stripe pattern 15 is projected on an object using a laser light source as the light source 14.
- a halogen light source When a halogen light source is used as the light source 14, no accident or the like will occur even if it is projected on a part such as a human face.
- a laser light source when used as the light source 14, it is possible to perform detailed adjustment of the range of the object to which the stripe pattern 15 is projected due to its straightness.
- the projection range can be easily adjusted, it is easy to use the light source 14 and the measurement camera 8 simultaneously so that the stripe patterns do not overlap. Thereby, the image can be taken in a shorter time.
- temporal division is a method of preventing interference by using a lens or filter that does not allow light of a certain frequency to pass, or a lens or filter that extracts a specific phase, and the light emitted from the light source 14 It becomes possible by changing the frequency of each.
- spatial division means that the color filter is Is a method of preventing interference between the light sources 14 that are opposed to each other, and is possible by changing the color of light emitted from the light sources 14.
- the control means 4 of the three-dimensional data processing device 3 stops the function of the above-mentioned lens or filter, such as transmission of light of a specific frequency and extraction of a specific phase, or The functioning may be controlled temporally (turning on / off the function for a certain period of time).
- the position of the measurement camera 8 and its light source 14 was often fixed, as represented by the invention shown in the conventional patent document 1, so that the interference of the light source 14 was predicted to some extent.
- the interference from the light source 14 is Prediction is difficult because it varies depending on the location. Therefore, it is very effective to use the measurement camera 8 that uses the above-described temporal division and spatial division to prevent interference.
- a plurality of measurement cameras 8 are provided at arbitrary positions in the space, and are force cameras that capture an image of a stripe pattern 15 projected on an object.
- the measurement camera 8 captures an image of a fringe pattern 15 projected on the object by the light source 14 and transmits the image to the three-dimensional data processing device 3 as measurement data.
- the measurement cameras 8 may be provided as a pair with the light sources 14 or may be provided in different numbers.
- FIG. 6 shows a conceptual diagram when the light source 14 is a laser light source and the light source 14 and a pair of measurement cameras 8 are provided.
- the light source 14 is a laser light source
- FIG. 8 shows a side view when the number of measurement cameras 8 is provided, and the stripe pattern 15 is projected from the light source 14 onto the object.
- the measurement camera 8 is provided with a lens or a filter for performing time division and Z or spatial division in order to prevent interference of the light source 14 as described above.
- the measuring camera 8 may be configured so that the position, inclination, direction of the optical axis, and magnification of the measuring camera 8 in the space can be detected using a gyro or the like.
- the measurement camera 8 can transmit and receive data to and from the three-dimensional data processing device 3 and, when the object moves, the position of the object being tracked by the object position measurement sensor 10. Under the control of the control means 4 (described later) of the three-dimensional data processing device 3 based on the data, the moving object is tracked, and the stripe pattern 15 projected on the object is imaged.
- the measurement camera 8 itself may move, or the tracking may be performed by changing the inclination, the direction of the optical axis, and the magnification of the measurement camera 8 without moving the position.
- the object position measuring sensor 10 is provided at least one at an arbitrary position in the space, and is a sensor for detecting the position of the object in the space.
- the object position measuring sensor 10 may further be configured to track the movement of the object.
- the above measurement camera position measurement sensor 9 may be provided.
- the measuring camera position measuring sensor 9 determines the position, inclination, direction of optical axis, and magnification of the measuring camera 8 in space. Is a sensor for detecting
- the measuring camera 8 itself does not detect the position, inclination, direction of the optical axis, and magnification of the measuring camera 8 in the space
- the measuring camera position measuring sensor 9 is provided to detect the position, inclination, direction of the optical axis, and magnification of the measurement camera 8, but by providing a gyro etc. to the measurement camera 8 as described above, the measurement camera 8 itself
- the position, inclination, direction of the optical axis, magnification, etc. of the measuring camera 8 in the space may be detected.
- the three-dimensional data processing device 3 is a device that creates three-dimensional data (three-dimensional coordinates, texture data, one frame of wire, etc.) of an object based on the measurement data acquired by the three-dimensional data acquisition device 2. And a control means 4, a data processing means 5, a three-dimensional data calculating means 6, and a storage means 7.
- the control means 4 obtains parameters for the three-dimensional data acquisition device 2 so as to detect the position of the object in space, the position of the measurement camera 8 in space, the inclination, the direction of the optical axis, and the magnification. After issuing an instruction and acquiring the parameters from the object position measurement sensor 10, measurement camera 8 or measurement camera position measurement sensor 9, control the combination of the light source 14 and measurement camera 8 to be used and the measurement time. This is a means for making the measurement camera 8 image the target object and acquiring the measurement data.
- the control means 4 obtains the measurement data of the target object from the measurement camera 8 of the three-dimensional data processing device 3, performs a filtering, transmits the data to the three-dimensional data calculating means 6, and outputs the three-dimensional data. It is also a means to make the creation.
- the three-dimensional data calculation means 6 stores the measurement data received from the control means 4. This is a means for creating three-dimensional data such as three-dimensional coordinates, texture data, and one wire frame based on the evening, and transmitting the data to the data processing means 5.
- This is a means for creating three-dimensional data such as three-dimensional coordinates, texture data, and one wire frame based on the evening, and transmitting the data to the data processing means 5.
- the point cloud data is converted based on the filtered measurement data, and each data is rotated and translated, and each data is synthesized.
- Contour data that is, three-dimensional data
- Any of these may use a known technique.
- the processing of the measurement pattern (image) of the stripe pattern 15 captured by the measuring camera 8 is processed to extract the position of the stripe, and to detect the deviation amount of the point from the reference,
- the three-dimensional data is derived from the coordinate calculation formula. For example, in the measurement of a cylinder shown in Fig. 9, the captured measurement data (image) is scanned vertically at arbitrary intervals, the center of the white or black stripe is extracted, and the position where the stripe should be ( Detect the amount of deviation from the position projected on the reference plane (the position projected on the background). The depth can be calculated by the so-called triangulation principle. By substituting the displacement and the two-dimensional coordinates of the center into the calculation formula, it is possible to calculate three-dimensional data.
- the horizontal coordinate density depends on the resolution (eg, 512 pixels) of the measurement data (image), and the vertical direction depends on the number of projected stripes. Become. Therefore, the resolution in the vertical direction can be improved by reducing the width of the stripe pattern 15.
- the conceptual diagrams in this case are shown in Fig. 10 (a) and (b).
- ⁇ Dimensional data calculation means 6 is based on a plurality of (preferably four) measurement data (images) obtained by shifting the grid created based on the projected stripe pattern 15 by an arbitrary amount.
- the fringe scanning method the density of the fringes is normalized using multiple measurement data (images), and the phase of the fringes is detected.
- the measured data It is possible to calculate the coordinates of all points on the image.
- the amount of deformation of the fringes which is the basis of the coordinate calculation, can be obtained with high sensitivity, so that it is possible to detect subtle irregularities.
- the data processing means 5 is a means for issuing a measurement instruction to the control means 4 to start measuring the object. Further, it is a means for performing three-dimensional display of an object based on the three-dimensional data received from the three-dimensional data calculation means 6.
- the storage means 7 stores the three-dimensional data created by the three-dimensional data calculation means 6. It is a means to save the evening.
- the measurement camera 8 Before capturing an image of the object, the measurement camera 8 is set at an arbitrary position in the space, and the object is positioned in the space.
- the data processing means 5 of the three-dimensional data processing device 3 issues a measurement instruction to start the measurement of the object to the control means 4 (S100), and the control means 4 which has received the measurement instruction outputs the three-dimensional data.
- the three-dimensional data acquisition device 2 Upon receiving the parameter acquisition instruction, the three-dimensional data acquisition device 2 detects the position of the object in the space with the object position measurement sensor 10 and uses the measurement camera 8 or the measurement camera position measurement sensor 9 to detect the position in the space.
- the position, inclination, direction of the optical axis, magnification, etc. of the measuring camera 8 to be detected are detected (S10) and transmitted to the control means 4 (S130).
- the control means 4 After receiving parameters such as the position of the object in the space, the position of the camera 8 in the space, the inclination, the direction of the optical axis, the magnification, etc. by the control means 4 (S140), the light source to be used 14
- the control of the combination of the measurement camera 8 and the measurement time is performed, and the measurement object is imaged by the measurement camera 8 to obtain the measurement data (S150).
- the combination of the light source 14 and the measurement camera 8 is extracted from parameters such as the position, inclination, direction of the optical axis, and magnification of the measurement camera 8, and the order of imaging, the measurement time, and the like are controlled.
- the combination may be an arbitrary combination if the measurement camera 8 is provided with a lens or a filter for performing time division and Z or spatial division, or otherwise, the light source 14 is placed on the object.
- the combination of the measurement cameras 8 is performed so that the stripe pattern 15 projected onto the object does not overlap on the object.
- the measurement camera 8 is connected to the columns (I) to (VI) in the space of the three-dimensional data acquisition device 2 as shown in FIG.
- the control means 4 performs control so that the measurement camera 8 performs imaging in the order and combination as shown in FIG. 4 to obtain measurement data.
- a stripe pattern 15 is projected on the object using the light source A, and the measurement camera 8 (I) 1 installed above the support (I) to (III) , (II) ®, (III) Take an image with 1.
- the light source D is used to project the stripe pattern 15 of the object, and this is projected to the measurement cameras 8 (IV) 2, (V) 2, ( VI) Take an image in 2.
- the stripe pattern 15 of the object is projected, and it is projected on the measurement cameras 8 (I) 2, (II) ⁇ , (II) installed below the columns (I) to (III). III) Take an image in 2.
- the pattern 15 of the fringe of the object is projected by using the light source C, and it is measured by the measurement cameras 8 (IV) 1, (V) 1, which are installed above the columns (IV) to (VI).
- (VI) Take an image in 1.
- the light source 14 projects a stripe pattern 15 on the object, and captures the image with the measuring camera 8.
- one light source 14 at a time not only projects the stripe pattern 15 on the object, but also uses the light source A and the light source D, and the light source B and the light source C at the same time, Under the condition that the pattern 15 does not overlap on the object, the measurement of the fringe pattern 15 by the measuring camera 8 may be performed.
- the measurement camera 8 when the measurement camera 8 is provided with a lens or a filter that performs temporal division and Z or spatial division, an arbitrary combination is extracted, and the stripe pattern 1 projected on the object by the measurement camera 8 is extracted. 5 may be taken.
- imaging may be performed by a combination of the measurement camera 8 and the light source 14 facing each other on the same line with the object interposed therebetween.
- the interference between the stripe patterns 15 projected by the light sources 14 of the other party can be prevented by temporal division and Z or spatial division.
- the measurement camera 8 of the three-dimensional data acquisition device 2 captures the image of the stripe pattern 15 of the object based on the control in S150 from the control means 4 of the three-dimensional data processing device 3. To obtain the measurement data (S160), and transmit it to the three-dimensional data processing device 3 (S170)
- the control means 4 receiving the measurement data from the three-dimensional data acquisition device 2 (S180), filters the measurement data (S190), and transmits the filtered measurement data to the data processing means 5 Yes (S200).
- Data processing means that has received the filtered measurement data 5 (S210), based on the measured data, creates three-dimensional data such as three-dimensional coordinates, texture data, and one wire frame in a three-dimensional data calculation means 6 (S220).
- three-dimensional data such as three-dimensional coordinates, texture data, and one wire frame in a three-dimensional data calculation means 6 (S220).
- the point cloud data is converted based on the filtered measurement data, and the data is rotated and translated in parallel, and the data is synthesized and processed.
- Contour data ie, three-dimensional data
- the measurement data (image) of the stripe pattern 15 captured by the measurement camera 8 is processed to extract the position of the stripe, detect the deviation of the point from the reference, and calculate the coordinates. Deriving three-dimensional data from the formula. For example, in the measurement of a cylinder shown in Fig. 9, the captured measurement data (image) is scanned vertically at arbitrary intervals, the center of the white or black stripe is extracted, and the position where the stripe should be ( Detect the amount of deviation from the position projected on the reference plane (the position projected on the background). The depth can be calculated by the so-called triangulation principle. By substituting the displacement amount and the two-dimensional coordinates of the center into the calculation formula, three-dimensional data can be calculated.
- the coordinate density in the horizontal direction depends on the resolution of the image (for example, 512 pixels), and the vertical direction depends on the number of projected stripes. Therefore, the resolution in the vertical direction can be improved by reducing the width of the stripe pattern 15.
- the conceptual diagrams in this case are shown in Fig. 10 (a) and (b).
- the three-dimensional data calculation means 6 is based on a plurality of (preferably four) measurement data (images) obtained by shifting the grid created based on the projected stripe pattern 15 by an arbitrary amount. To calculate the coordinates (this is called the fringe scanning method). By using the fringe scanning method, the density of the fringes is normalized using multiple measurement data (images), and the phase of the fringes is detected. As shown in Fig. 10 (c), the measured data ( It is possible to calculate the coordinates of all points on the image).
- the process of normalizing the stripes it is possible to eliminate the influence of the pattern on the surface of the object. Also, by scanning the fringes, the amount of deformation of the fringes from which the coordinates are calculated can be obtained with high sensitivity, so that it is also possible to detect subtle irregularities.
- the three-dimensional data calculating means 6 After creating the three-dimensional data in the three-dimensional data calculating means 6, the three-dimensional data calculating means 6 sends the three-dimensional data to the data processing means 5, and the data processing means 5 receives it (S2300). .
- the data processing means 5 performs a three-dimensional display of the object based on the received three-dimensional data (S240).
- the data processing means 5 may transmit the three-dimensional data to the storage means 7 and store it (S250).
- Fig. 11 shows a conceptual diagram when measuring the human body.
- Fig. 11 (a) is an image diagram when a human body is imaged by the three-dimensional data acquisition device 2 in which the light source 14 and the measurement camera 8 shown in Fig. 1 are arranged
- Fig. 11 (b) is a diagram.
- a light source A projects a stripe pattern onto the human body, and this is imaged when images are taken with measuring camera 8 using (I) 1 to (III) 1. is there.
- FIG. 12 shows a three-dimensional data created by the three-dimensional data processing device 3 based on the measurement data taken.
- Fig. 12 (a) shows the case where polygon display is performed
- Figs. 12 (b) and (c) show the case where three-dimensional display is performed.
- the target position measurement sensor 110 always tracks and detects the position of the object, and transmits it to the three-dimensional data processing device 3 as needed, and the control means 4 moves or moves the measurement camera 8 itself in accordance with the movement of the object.
- the imaging may be performed by changing the inclination of the measurement camera 8, the direction of the optical axis, and the magnification.
- the movement of the object is imaged at a predetermined interval (for example, 0.1 second) with the measuring force camera 8, and three-dimensional data is created from each measurement data, and the three-dimensional data is displayed continuously. This makes it possible to display three-dimensional data as if it were a moving image.
- FIG. 5 shows the three-dimensional measuring device 1 in this case.
- Figure 5 shows the system configuration diagram in this case.
- the object moves in the space of the three-dimensional data acquisition device 2 provided with the measurement camera 8 so that the movement of the object is performed at predetermined intervals (for example, 0.1 second) by the measurement camera 8.
- Three-dimensional data can be created from images taken and measured data can be displayed continuously, and three-dimensional data can be displayed continuously, as if it were a moving image. .
- a predetermined reaction for example, specific color information or the like
- the method of synthesizing a three-dimensional image may be dynamically changed. That is, in the present invention, since the texture can be obtained by performing the above process unlike the related art, the above determination may be made based on the color information included in the captured measurement data (image). For example, as control for performing automatic imaging, if predetermined color information is included in the imaging range of the measurement camera 8, imaging is performed there (in this case, always or as needed). It is natural that the stripe pattern 15 is projected from the light source 14), but it is used as measurement data (image) as a source of a three-dimensional image.
- the measurement camera 8 may capture measurement data (images) unnecessary for creating a three-dimensional image. Captured measurement data — Evening (image), measurement data (image) captured by measurement camera 8 not used may be separated. In other words, when an image is automatically taken by the measuring camera 8 when the object is moving, the measurement data (image) to be used must be separated from the measurement data (image) not to be used. In the present invention, since a texture can be acquired, when a predetermined color (color information) is identified within a captured measurement data, the measurement data (image) using the measurement data (image) is used.
- the person in charge determines the measurement data to be used (image) and the measurement data that is not used (image). Image).
- each measuring camera 8 even if it is actually processed as a moving image, it will be a predetermined interval (for example, if the video rate is 1/30 second interval) ), The images are taken within this interval, and they are regarded as images taken at the same time, and are converted into a single piece of three-dimensional data. However, it is also possible to create a three-dimensional image in which the object moves.
- Figure 13 shows a conceptual diagram in this case.
- Each means in the present invention is only logically distinguished in its function, and may physically or virtually have the same area.
- a storage medium storing a software program for realizing the functions of the present embodiment is supplied to the system, and the computer of the system reads out and executes the program stored in the storage medium. It is natural that this is achieved by doing so.
- the program itself read from the storage medium realizes the functions of the above-described embodiment, and the storage medium storing the program naturally constitutes the present invention.
- a storage medium for supplying the program for example, a magnetic disk, a hard disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a magnetic tape, a nonvolatile memory card, and the like can be used.
- the program read from the storage medium is written into a nonvolatile or volatile storage means provided in a function expansion unit connected to the function expansion board computer connected to the computer. Thereafter, based on the instructions of the program, the arithmetic processing unit or the like provided in the function expansion board or the function expansion unit performs part or all of the actual processing, and the function of the above-described embodiment is realized by the processing. It goes without saying that this includes the case where Industrial applicability
- a three-dimensional measuring apparatus for easily and quickly measuring the three-dimensional surface shape of a target having a complicated shape with high accuracy and efficiency is invented.
- the measurement camera can be moved along with the movement, so that the measurement can be performed even when the object moves.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
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PCT/JP2003/011621 WO2005026659A1 (ja) | 2003-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | 三次元計測装置 |
AU2003262075A AU2003262075A1 (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Three-dimensional measuring equipment |
US10/571,505 US20080312866A1 (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Three-dimensional measuring equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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PCT/JP2003/011621 WO2005026659A1 (ja) | 2003-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | 三次元計測装置 |
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WO2005026659A1 true WO2005026659A1 (ja) | 2005-03-24 |
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PCT/JP2003/011621 WO2005026659A1 (ja) | 2003-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | 三次元計測装置 |
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US (1) | US20080312866A1 (ja) |
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CN100447525C (zh) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-12-31 | 上海量具刃具厂 | 影像测量仪的测量方法 |
JP2018508074A (ja) * | 2015-02-25 | 2018-03-22 | フェイスブック,インク. | 物体によって反射された光の特徴に基づく体積内の物体の識別 |
CN111504230A (zh) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-07 | 海尔智家股份有限公司 | 冰箱的三维尺寸测量系统及测量方法 |
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EP2109061B1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2013-02-27 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Image processing apparatus for vehicle |
DE102010013498B4 (de) * | 2010-03-31 | 2016-06-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Ermitteln von dreidimensionalen Volumendaten, Bildgebungsvorrichtung und Datenträger |
JP5765651B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-01 | 2015-08-19 | Jukiオートメーションシステムズ株式会社 | 3次元測定装置 |
US20130083997A1 (en) * | 2011-10-04 | 2013-04-04 | Alcatel-Lucent Usa Inc. | Temporally structured light |
US8966893B2 (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2015-03-03 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Shape memory alloy actuators with sensible coatings |
US20130239565A1 (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2013-09-19 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Spatially graded sma actuators |
JP2014163690A (ja) * | 2013-02-21 | 2014-09-08 | Mitsutoyo Corp | 形状測定装置 |
WO2014161092A1 (en) | 2013-04-05 | 2014-10-09 | Cinema Control Laboratories Inc. | System and method for controlling an equipment related to image capture |
CN103344197B (zh) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-12-02 | 北京工业大学 | 一种接触式三维扫描测头 |
EP2835703B1 (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2016-05-25 | C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni | Method for the localization of a tool in a workplace, corresponding system and computer program product |
CN103411564A (zh) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-11-27 | 衢州亿龙信息技术有限公司 | 一体式结构光扫描装置 |
EP2865988B1 (de) | 2013-10-22 | 2018-09-19 | Baumer Electric Ag | Lichtschnittsensor |
CN104408718B (zh) * | 2014-11-24 | 2017-06-30 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | 一种基于双目视觉测量的步态数据处理方法 |
FR3034512B1 (fr) * | 2015-03-30 | 2018-11-09 | Telmat Industrie | Installation et procede d'acquisition automatique et de restitution numerique de surfaces tridimensionnelles |
US9877012B2 (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2018-01-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image processing apparatus for estimating three-dimensional position of object and method therefor |
US10406800B2 (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2019-09-10 | Caterpillar Inc. | Machine control system for contour crafting |
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US20080312866A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
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