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WO2004104312A1 - Element de construction - Google Patents

Element de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004104312A1
WO2004104312A1 PCT/GB2004/002195 GB2004002195W WO2004104312A1 WO 2004104312 A1 WO2004104312 A1 WO 2004104312A1 GB 2004002195 W GB2004002195 W GB 2004002195W WO 2004104312 A1 WO2004104312 A1 WO 2004104312A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
building block
block according
cavity
panel
blocks
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2004/002195
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Graham Glasspool
Original Assignee
Graham Glasspool
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB0311687A external-priority patent/GB0311687D0/en
Priority claimed from GB0313353A external-priority patent/GB0313353D0/en
Application filed by Graham Glasspool filed Critical Graham Glasspool
Priority to EP04734289A priority Critical patent/EP1625260A1/fr
Priority to AU2004241359A priority patent/AU2004241359B2/en
Priority to US10/557,503 priority patent/US20070022708A1/en
Publication of WO2004104312A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004104312A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/0075—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete
    • E04H4/0081—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete with walls and floor cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8611—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers being embedded in at least one form leaf
    • E04B2/8617—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers being embedded in at least one form leaf with spacers being embedded in both form leaves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/54—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8623—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers and at least one form leaf being monolithic
    • E04B2/8629—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers and at least one form leaf being monolithic with both form leaves and spacers being monolithic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building block, especially for the construction of swimming pools.
  • a common method of making a swimming pool is to form a wall using concrete and/or blocks, and then to finish off the surface of the wall using two or more coats of render, plus a finishing marbled coat or tiles.
  • This process of rendering causes difficulties to the pool builder, and to the pool owner, and the procedure involved is very labour intensive, specialised, skilled and hazardous, especially the application and polishing (grinding) of the marbled finish.
  • An alternative construction method uses solid concrete blocks which are constructed to form inner and outer walls leaving a cavity between them into which the steel is fixed and the concrete poured.
  • this construction method is time consuming as it requires building separate walls.
  • a third construction method called the Gunnite/Shotcrete method is by far the most expensive but structurally most sound. It involves the use of a compressed air concrete machine. This shoots concrete onto a pre-formed background and steel re- ibarframe where the concrete builds up into a mass to form the walls and floor of the pool. It is then tiled or marblited like other pools. The process is highly skilled and expensive in terms of labour, materials and machinery. Weather conditions during construction and drying out are also critical.
  • the builder When the shell is sufficiently dry, (ten days for the Gunnite method) the builder will need to waterproof it and apply a decorative finish. This is done by first applying a layer of cement render to the most uneven areas, the corners and edges (several coats may be necessary as no more than 12 mm can be applied at a time). A waterproofing scratch coat is then applied over the entire area. This has an admix in the cement to make it waterproof and the surface is scratched to aid adhesion of the next coat (adhesion to a waterproofed surface is difficult).
  • the finish coat is applied. This commonly consists of a mixture of marble chips, marble dust and white cement. Special stainless steel tools are required for its application to prevent rust staining. Great care must be taken to prevent contamination and suitable curing conditions are essential. Two to four days after application, depending upon the curing circumstances, the surface is then ready to be polished.
  • Polishing is a very hazardous practice consisting of grinding with an electric angle grinder to expose and polish the marble chips and obtain a smooth surface.
  • the process is extremely skilled and dangerous to the person doing the job, as the safety guard to the grinder has to be removed. It also causes huge amounts of air pollution and needs to be carried out at a precise time in the drying out process.
  • a number of alternative and combination finishes are available using renders, tiles, paints, plastic liners, etc. However, they virtually all still rely on a good rendered surface upon which to apply them.
  • the pool owner is often unaware of the problems, especially if the builder fills the swimming pool with water quickly after construction (a common practice). A few seasons down the line, when algae has grown in the cracks or frost acts on the water in the hollows behind the render, the customer has an unsightly pool and imminently, some large maintenance bills.
  • the builder's reputation may also be tarnished, by his production of a pool with an inferior finish, long-term maintenance problems and warranty call outs. At the very least, he risks upsetting his customer with delays in construction due to inclement weather and non-availability of skilled labour at the required times.
  • a building block comprising a front panel and a rear panel together with spacer means adapted to space the front panel from the rear panel to create a cavity therebetween characterised in that said building block further comprises means to allow a filling material to flow such that, in use, said filling material can pass through the building block in both horizontal and vertical directions.
  • Building block is taken to mean any unit which is capable of being used in construction to form a structure, for example a wall.
  • Known building blocks include bricks, breeze blocks and concrete blocks.
  • the building block comprises a front panel, a rear panel and spacer means to space the front panel from the rear panel.
  • This includes a building unit which has an inner and an outer face which are held apart either by specific supports, or alternatively a one piece building block which comprises a front and a rear face.
  • the building block or building unit has a specifically designed cavity between the two faces. This allows a filler material to be poured into the cavity and the block is designed so that the filler material pours or flows through the cavity into adjacent blocks both vertically and horizontally.
  • the spacer means comprises passageways in said means to space the front panel from the rear panel. This allows a filling material such as concrete to pass through the sides of the block (in a horizontal direction) when the blocks are in use. This forms what is, in effect, a concrete membrane between the inner and outer faces of the blocks.
  • the building block is adapted to allow the cavity of one building block to be open to the cavity of an abutting building block in both vertical and horizontal axes.
  • the filler material will be concrete in a liquid or slurry form but it is also possible to pour a light, dry mix of concrete into the cavity and add water.
  • vertical and horizontal are to be determined in relation to a building block in its normal orientation during construction. That is, horizontal is considered to be in line parallel with the ground and vertical is given its normal meaning.
  • a building block can be said to have two major axes that can allow a filling material to flow through the building block.
  • the first major axis is from the top face of the block to the bottom face of the block.
  • the second major axis is through the sides of the block. In the case of a rectangular block this would be the top and bottom, and left side and the right side.
  • the second major axis In the case of a polygonal block the second major axis is considered through at least some of the side faces.
  • the second major axis would be through the side ends of the block.
  • the major axes can therefore be considered analogous to the vertical and horizontal directions outlined in the present invention.
  • the object is to allow a fill material, such as concrete, to flow substantially freely from one block into all blocks adjacent to that block, to form a substantially continuous membrane of fill material.
  • the building block is further adapted to permit reinforcing bars to pass through the cavity.
  • the reinforcing bars pass through the cavity in both a vertical and horizontal direction.
  • the reinforcing bars typically made of steel, can rest on the spacer means within the cavity in a horizontal direction and also pass through the cavity in a vertical direction. This adds strength to the concrete and the methods of doing this are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the building block further comprises interlocking means to join adjacent blocks together.
  • the interlocking means comprise a projecting rim on adjacent sides of each panel and corresponding recessed shoulders on opposing adjacent sides of each panel whereby the projecting rims on one block engage with the recessed shoulders on abutting blocks.
  • interlock it is meant that the blocks engage with each other to hold them in place whilst the structure is being built. This removes the need for mortaring the blocks in place.
  • the interlocking means in use, are substantially fluid tight. This can either stop water seeping between the blocks or stops liquid or slurried concrete from escaping through the joints while it sets.
  • the concrete membrane ensures the pool is watertight.
  • a sealant can be applied to stop the concrete escaping while it is drying.
  • the building block is of unitary construction.
  • the block could be formed from a mould using concrete, plastic or any other mouldable material.
  • unitary construction is given a broad meaning. It is taken to cover any building block according to the present invention whether constructed by a multi-stage process or a single moulding whereby the block is delivered to site as a unitary construction.
  • the building block further comprises an insulation layer.
  • the insulation layer can optionally be on the front and/or rear panel.
  • the building block is used to build a structure by laying rows of blocks one above another and pouring a filling material into the cavity formed between said front and said rear faces of each of the blocks.
  • horizontal reinforcing bars are laid in the cavity of each row before the next row is formed.
  • the vertical bars can be laid at the start or afterwards.
  • said filling material is concrete.
  • the filling material is needed to give support to the structure.
  • Liquid, slurry or dry mix concrete can be used. Indeed the invention covers any filing which acts to support the structure.
  • the concrete when the concrete is poured into said cavity it forms a continuous concrete block between said front and said rear panels.
  • said structure is a wall.
  • said structure is a swimming pool.
  • an outward face of at least one of said front panel or said rear panel is adapted to form a finished surface.
  • finished surface is taken to mean a surface which is either the final surface to be used in the swimming pool, or in the case where a liner is used, is smooth to permit the liner to be placed directly against it.
  • Prior art constructions required various render layers plus smoothing.
  • the finished surface in this invention does not require these same steps.
  • the outward face of said front panel comprises a pool wall finish.
  • the pool wall finish comprises one or more tile shapes formed thereon wherein said tile shapes are so sized, shaped and configured so as to abut against tile shapes on an adjacent abutting block to create a continuous tile effect.
  • the building unit to fully comprise the finished surface which saves an enormous amount of time, energy and money.
  • the pool wall finish is a smooth face suitable for taking a pool liner.
  • the outward face of said rear panel is adapted to comprise a brick or stone effect.
  • the building block further incorporates drainage channels.
  • the building block is manufactured out of a cement based material such as pumice, marblite or resin concrete or combinations thereof.
  • the building block is manufactured out of a non-cement based material including plastics, wood, metal, fibreglass, stainless steel, ceramic tile, chipboard, MDF (hardboard), solid marble or combinations thereof.
  • a building block comprising a front panel and a rear panel together with spacer means adapted to space the front panel from the rear panel to create a cavity therebetween characterised in that at least one of said front panel or said rear panel is adapted to form a finished surface.
  • the building block is used to build a structure said finished surface does not require further finishing, including further rendering or tiling, before use.
  • the structure is formed by laying rows of blocks one above another and pouring a filling material into the cavity formed between said front and said rear faces of the blocks.
  • the horizontal reinforcing bars are laid in the cavity of each row before the next row is formed.
  • the filling material is concrete.
  • the concrete when the concrete is poured into said cavity it forms a continuous concrete block between said front and said rear panels.
  • the structure is a wall.
  • the structure is a swimming pool.
  • the outward face of said front panel comprises a pool wall finish.
  • the pool wall finish comprises one or more tile shapes wherein said tile shapes are so sized shaped and configured so as to abut against tile shapes on an adjacent abutting block to create a continuous tile effect.
  • the pool wall finish is a smooth face suitable for taking a pool liner.
  • the outward face of said rear panel is adapted to comprise a brick or stone effect.
  • the building block further incorporates drainage channels.
  • the building block can be manufactured out of a cement based material including pumice, marblite or resin concrete or combinations thereof.
  • the building block is manufactured out of a non-cement based material including plastics, wood, metal, fibreglass, stainless steel, ceramic tile, chipboard, MDF (hardboard), solid marble or combinations thereof.
  • the building block further comprises means to allow a filling material to flow such that, in use, said filling material can pass through the building block in both horizontal and vertical directions.
  • the means to allow a filling material to flow through the building block comprises passageways in said spacer means to space the front panel from the rear panel.
  • the spacer means is adapted to allow the cavity of one building block to be open to the cavity of an abutting building block in both vertical and horizontal axes.
  • the spacer means is further adapted to permit reinforcing bars to pass through the cavity.
  • the reinforcing bars pass through the cavity in both a vertical and horizontal direction.
  • building block further comprises interlocking means to join adjacent blocks together.
  • the interlocking means comprises a projecting rim on adjacent sides of each panel and corresponding recessed shoulders on opposing adjacent sides of each panel whereby the projecting rims on one block engage with the recessed shoulders on abutting blocks.
  • the interlocking means is substantially fluid tight, in use.
  • the building block is of unitary construction.
  • the building block further comprises an insulation layer.
  • the insulation layer can be on the front and/or rear panel.
  • a kit for constructing a building block according to the present invention comprising a front panel, a rear panel and means to space the front panel from the rear panel to create a cavity therebetween, whereby said front panel, said rear panel and said spacer means are formed separately and can be assembled to form a building block.
  • kit system is that is can be used as a reusable block, where the face and rear sections are used purely as a reusable formwork, in either a plain or patterned finish. The pattern if required is engrained on the inside surface as opposed in the normal block. These face and rear sections can be used again and again.
  • front panel and said rear panel can be constructed out of different materials.
  • the spacer means has interchangeable end fittings appropriate to the front and rear faces.
  • the spacer means is attached to said front and rear panels by clipping, screwing or gluing.
  • the building block can be used to form a structure comprising building blocks according to the present invention.
  • the present invention also encompasses a method of forming a structure using building blocks according to any preceding claim.
  • the structure is a wall.
  • the structure is a swimming pool.
  • the present invention also extends to include structures formed from building blocks according to the present invention.
  • Such structures may take many and varied forms but especially include walls and swimming pools.
  • Figure 1 shows a prior art method of constructing a swimming pool shell using a hollow concrete block method.
  • Figure 2 (a), (b) and (c) show an alternative prior art method using a solid concrete block method.
  • Figure 3 shows a third alternative prior art method using a Gunnite Shotcrete method.
  • Figure 4a shows a perspective first view of a block according to a first aspect of the present invention, from above.
  • Figure 4b shows a perspective second view of a block according to a first aspect of the present invention, from below
  • Figure 4c shows a wall being built with a plurality of blocks according to a first aspect of the present invention.
  • Figure 4d shows a perspective end view of a block according to a first aspect of the present invention which shows how concrete can flow around the whole of the inside cavity during construction.
  • Figure 5a shows a perspective view of an assembled block according to a second aspect of the present invention.
  • Figure 5b shows a top view of an assembled block according to a second aspect of the present invention.
  • Figure 5c shows a front view of an assembled block according to a second aspect of the present invention.
  • Figure 5d shows a end view of an assembled block according to a second aspect of the present invention.
  • Figure 6a shows a perspective view of one possible connecting means according to a second aspect of the present invention.
  • Figure 6b shows an exploded perspective view of the connecting means of Figure
  • Figure 6c shows a front view of the connecting means of Figure 6a.
  • Figure 6d shows an end view of the connecting means of Figure 6a.
  • Figure 7a shows a front view of one possible tile according to a second aspect of the present invention.
  • Figure 7b shows a top view of one possible tile according to a second aspect of the present invention.
  • Figure 7c shows an end view of one possible tile according to a second aspect of the present invention.
  • FIGS 1 to 3 show three prior art construction methods.
  • Figure 1 shows a hollow concrete block 10 of the type standard to the construction industry. It has vertical holes 11 in the block but there are no passageways in a horizontal or sideways direction.
  • steel reinforcing bars 12 and 13 are placed vertically in the holes 11 and laterally across the top of the blocks.
  • the lateral bars 13 are held in the mortar between blocks 10.
  • a tradesman has to fill each hole 11 with concrete when constructing a pool. This is obviously a time consuming exercise and moreover does not give the support of a solid concrete block.
  • Figure 2a shows a solid concrete block 20.
  • Figures 2b and 2c show a swimming pool construction using a solid concrete block 20.
  • Figure 2b shows a side view and Figure 2c, a top view.
  • An inner wall 21 and an outer wall 22 are formed leaving a cavity 24 between them into which the steel 23 is fixed and the concrete is poured.
  • Figure 3 shows a tradesman using a compressed air concrete machine to form a pool construction using the Gunnite/Shotcrete method.
  • Figures 4a-d show a building block according to a first aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4a and 4b there is shown a building block 41.
  • Building block 41 comprises a rectangular front panel 42 supporting a pool wall finish on a front face in the form of tile shapes 43a, 43b, 43c, 43d.
  • Block 41 also comprises a rectangular rear panel 44 identical in size and mirror image of front panel 42.
  • Spacer means are provided by a pair of space members 45,46 with opposing c- shaped cut-outs to space the front panel from the rear panel to create a cavity 47 therebetween. Other shapes of spacer could be used to equal effect.
  • Interlocking means are provided to join two adjacent abutting blocks together.
  • the interlocking means comprises projecting rims 42a, 42b on two sides adjacent of each block front panel, and corresponding projecting rims 44a, 44b on two sides adjacent of each block rear panel.
  • the interlocking means also comprises recessed shoulders 42c, 42d on the other two sides of each block front panel and corresponding recessed shoulders 44c, 44d on the other two sides of each block rear panel.
  • a wall can be built by laying rows of blocks above one another and pouring concrete into the cavity between the front and rear face of each block.
  • Steel reinforcing bars 8 can be placed in the cavity formed between the front and rear panels.
  • horizontal bars can be laid resting on the c-shaped cut-out as each row of blocks is laid and the vertical bars tied onto the horizontal bars.
  • the pool wall finish on the front panel front face has four tile shapes formed thereon. These shapes abut against tile shapes on an adjacent abutting block to create a continuous tile effect on a wall formed by a plurality of blocks.
  • the spacer means are such as to allow the cavity of a block to be open to the cavity of another abutting block, whereby concrete poured into a wall formed by a plurality of blocks flows to form a continuous concrete wall between the block front and rear panels.
  • Coping stones 49 may also be provided to face the top of the wall, with each coping stone adapted to engage with the rims or shoulders on a block 41.
  • Figure 4d shows a perspective view of the building block 4 .
  • the spacer means to space the front and rear panels are adapted to have a hole or shape cast in them allow the free flow of concrete from one block to the next. This in itself is a tremendous structural advantage over the conventional hollow block.
  • the number of horizontal steel reinforcing bars can be doubled, thus producing an even stronger structure.
  • the arrows show the flow of the concrete in and through the cavity. It can be seen that the concrete may flow through the top face of the block and the bottom face of the block - so called vertical direction. In addition, the concrete may flow through the two side faces of the block - the so called horizontal direction.
  • the block may be formed as a unitary construction, e.g. moulded as a unitary moulding. It may be moulded during manufacture out of concrete or another cement based material. Alternatively it may be moulded out of a plastics material. Indeed any material which is suitable for forming into the required shape which can be used in construction may be determined by the material specialists and is intended to be encompassed by the present invention.
  • the pool wall finish may take on many forms. It may have a tiled effect or some other pattern. Alternatively, actual glazed tiles may be applied to the block surface during manufacture. Because the invention does not require expensive and time consuming rendering coats, many option for the finishing coat may be considered, which are still considerably cheaper than the existing methods.
  • FIG. 4 shows a second aspect of the present invention.
  • the building block 50 shown in Figure 5a is formed from separate components: a front face 51 , a rear face 52 and connecting means or spacer unit 53.
  • Figure 5 shows the block in an assembled form.
  • the assemblable system, or flat pack system has a number of distinct advantages.
  • the block By casting, cutting or molding the face and rear sections separately and then utilizing connecting pieces, the block can be flat-packed for ease of storage and transportation. This principal also provides added options regarding materials and use:
  • Plain, very economical versions could also be fabricated for customers who wish to build a liner pool, or who wish to build plain walls for other purposes; With suitable material choice and adaptations a removable, re-usable system could easily be devised.
  • Figure 6 a-d shows a possible connecting or spacer means in more detail.
  • the spacer could be screwed, glued or clipped into place.
  • One possible attachment means would be to have opposed locking means so that the spacer is effectively locked into both the front and rear faces simultaneously, for example by rotational movement.
  • Figure 7 a-c shows an example of a front panel for use with an assemblable building block.
  • the moulded block could be moulded in a polystyrene mould that could also double as packaging and perhaps be used as insulation for exterior/interior cladding.
  • drainage channels could be incorporated in the top block for deck level pools or just for natural drainage and cleaning.
  • Blocks could also include the necessary fitting to incorporate a pool thermal or protective cover, or a rigid deck.
  • the blocks could form hand or scum rails.
  • the present invention has overcome many problems associated with traditional swimming pool construction with the invention of a new building block.
  • These blocks form a pre-fabricated concrete shuttering system, which is factory finished and stays in situ.
  • the blocks simply interlink together in all directions. They do not require mortar in the joints and do not need to have a face surface added. Once in place the factory finished face side forms the internal surface to the pool.
  • the innovative design features and vast range of material options and colours render the whole process more controlled and more efficient.
  • the quality of the product with its innovative design and materials is of a higher quality and standard than anything previously produced in the swimming pool industry. Furthermore the invention is equally applicable to the building trade in general. It is expected, at the very least, that the blocks according to the present invention will prove to be suitable for use in the steel framed buildings industry, for construction works in earthquake zones an as a quick and easy method of rebuilding after disasters.
  • the present invention includes several different concepts that can be used in isolation of each other or together in various combinations.
  • One of the concepts is that of allowing a filling material to flow in both a horizontal and vertical direction through a block. This is achieved by allowing the cavity of one block to be open into the cavity of an abutting block in both a horizontal and vertical direction.
  • the front and rear faces of the blocks therefore form what is, in effect, shuttering designed to be filled by some fill material such as cement. This does not require the blocks to be stacked on top of each other and they can be offset when being built.
  • a third concept is the use of a building block that has a finished face. This means the block face can be used as the final face for a swimming pool without the need for further rendering and many other steps.
  • a third concept is the use of an interlocking means to join or overlap adjacent blocks together. This allows blocks, once filled, to be joined together without the need for mortar.
  • Another concept is the kit for constructing a building block. This allows a user to mix and match between different faces depending on the circumstances. All of these concepts have individual merits not dependant on each other but can be combined in various combinations, or altogether, to form a superior building block.
  • a building block comprising:
  • the pool wall finish on the front panel front face has one or more tile shapes formed thereon which abut against tile shapes on an adj cent abutting block to create a continuous tile effect on a wall formed by a plurality of blocks.
  • the interlocking means comprises a projecting rim on two sides of each block front and rear panel and two recessed shoulders on the other two sides of each block front and rear panel, whereby projecting rims on one block engage with recessed shoulders on another abutting block.
  • the spacer means is such as to allow the cavity of a block to be open to the cavity of another abutting block, whereby concrete poured into a wall formed by a plurality of
  • the block may be formed as a unitary construction, e.g. Moulded as a unitary moulding.
  • the block may include an insulation layer on the front and/or rear panel.
  • the front and rear panels may be formed separately and the spacer means added thereafter
  • Corner blocks could also be provided to create corners in a pool wall.
  • pool wall finish could be other than tile effect, e.g. a smooth face possibly to take a liner.
  • the rear panel could have a brick or stone effect on its outer face so that it is sightly for "above” or "part above” ground pools.
  • the block may include an insulation layer on the front and/or rear panel.
  • the block could be moulded in a polystyrene mould that could double as packaging and perhaps be used as insulation for exterior/interior cladding.
  • the front and rear panels may be formed separately and the spacer means added thereafter whereby a block may be shipped in flat pack form.
  • the block could be of material other than cement based.
  • the front and rear panels and spacer means could be formed of plastics, wood or metal or combinations thereof.
  • Drainage channels could be incorporated in the top block for deck level pools or just for natural drainage and cleaning.
  • Blocks could include the necessary fitting to incorporate a pool thermal or protective cover
  • the blocks could form hand or scum rails.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de construction comprenant un panneau avant et un panneau arrière et un espaceur conçu pour espacer le panneau avant du panneau arrière afin de créer entre les deux une cavité se caractérisant par le fait que ledit élément de construction comprend également un moyen qui permet à un matériau de remplissage de s'écouler de façon qu'à l'emploi, ledit matériau de remplissage puisse traverser l'élément de construction dans les deux sens horizontal et vertical.
PCT/GB2004/002195 2003-05-21 2004-05-21 Element de construction WO2004104312A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04734289A EP1625260A1 (fr) 2003-05-21 2004-05-21 Element de construction
AU2004241359A AU2004241359B2 (en) 2003-05-21 2004-05-21 Building block
US10/557,503 US20070022708A1 (en) 2003-05-21 2004-05-21 Building block

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0311687.8 2003-05-21
GB0311687A GB0311687D0 (en) 2003-05-21 2003-05-21 Building block
GB0313353.5 2003-06-05
GB0313353A GB0313353D0 (en) 2003-06-05 2003-06-05 Building block

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004104312A1 true WO2004104312A1 (fr) 2004-12-02

Family

ID=32658401

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2004/002195 WO2004104312A1 (fr) 2003-05-21 2004-05-21 Element de construction

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20070022708A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1625260A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2004241359B2 (fr)
GB (1) GB2402141B (fr)
WO (1) WO2004104312A1 (fr)

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ITTV20100026A1 (it) * 2010-03-01 2011-09-02 Rife Snc Di Parcianello Giovanni & C Elemento costruttivo adatto ad essere utilizzato per la costruzione di pareti modulari
EP2843146B1 (fr) * 2013-08-29 2017-10-04 Loimaan Kivi Oy Élément de bloc pour mur
US11248383B2 (en) 2018-09-21 2022-02-15 Cooper E. Stewart Insulating concrete form apparatus

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LT5716B (lt) 2009-05-06 2011-02-25 Apl Logistik Und Bauplanung Gmbh Rinkinys transportavimo dėžei, skirtai transportuoti temperatūrai jautrius gaminius

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2402141B (en) 2006-05-03
US20070022708A1 (en) 2007-02-01
GB2402141A (en) 2004-12-01
GB0411379D0 (en) 2004-06-23
AU2004241359A1 (en) 2004-12-02
EP1625260A1 (fr) 2006-02-15
AU2004241359B2 (en) 2008-01-10

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