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WO2004049078A1 - Appareil electronique indiquant le tempo et corrigeant la tonalite et procede de commande - Google Patents

Appareil electronique indiquant le tempo et corrigeant la tonalite et procede de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004049078A1
WO2004049078A1 PCT/CN2003/000954 CN0300954W WO2004049078A1 WO 2004049078 A1 WO2004049078 A1 WO 2004049078A1 CN 0300954 W CN0300954 W CN 0300954W WO 2004049078 A1 WO2004049078 A1 WO 2004049078A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
beat
sound
lcd display
unit
circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2003/000954
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ke Zeng
Pingwei Zeng
Original Assignee
Ke Zeng
Pingwei Zeng
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ke Zeng, Pingwei Zeng filed Critical Ke Zeng
Priority to AU2003284803A priority Critical patent/AU2003284803A1/en
Priority to CNB2003801032476A priority patent/CN100538560C/zh
Publication of WO2004049078A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004049078A1/zh

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04FTIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F5/00Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
    • G04F5/02Metronomes
    • G04F5/025Electronic metronomes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10GREPRESENTATION OF MUSIC; RECORDING MUSIC IN NOTATION FORM; ACCESSORIES FOR MUSIC OR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. SUPPORTS
    • G10G7/00Other auxiliary devices or accessories, e.g. conductors' batons or separate holders for resin or strings
    • G10G7/02Tuning forks or like devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic sound device and a control method thereof, in particular to an electronic beat tuner having both functions of a metronome and a tuner, and controlling the electronic beat tuner to complete a beat demo and a tuner function.
  • Metronome and tuner are widely used in music teaching, instrument practice and other music practice. Learning music and musical instruments cannot be separated from training and mastering accurate beats. The metronome has always been an indispensable tool for learning music and musical instruments. In the study of musical instruments, the sound of musical instruments is also a very important issue. Accuracy will affect the judgment of the sound level and music sense, so before practicing, you must use the tuner to tune the instrument you are learning and playing.
  • a technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electronic metronome tuner, which has both functions of a metronome and a tuner; and, the upper surface of the casing is used to indicate the beat and pitch, pitch, and pitch.
  • the indication unit is composed of the indication points.
  • Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electronic metronome tuner, which simultaneously has a metronome It has two functions with the tuner; and, when indicating the tempo and pitch, pitch and pitch, an instruction unit composed of display segments on the LCD display is used.
  • Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a control method for controlling an electronic beat tuner to complete a beat demo and a tuning function.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is described as follows:
  • An electronic metronome tuner includes: a casing, an LCD display, an indicating unit, a key unit, a microphone, a speaker, and a control unit;
  • the indication unit is composed of indication points arranged in a line on the surface of the casing, and the LCD display and the key unit are installed on the casing panel;
  • the microphone and the speaker are installed in a casing, and a microphone pickup hole and a speaker sound hole are provided at corresponding positions on a panel of the casing;
  • the control unit includes: a central processing unit, an LCD display circuit, an instruction circuit, a key circuit, a sound receiving processing circuit, and an audio output circuit;
  • the input of the key circuit is connected with the key unit, and the output of the key circuit is connected to the central processing unit, and is used to transmit the information of the key pressing to the central processing unit;
  • the input of the sound receiving and processing circuit is connected to a microphone, and the received sound signal is filtered and amplified and output to the input end of the central processing unit;
  • the instruction circuit receives a control signal from the central processing unit, and the control instruction unit indicates the tempo or pitch, pitch, and pitch;
  • the LCD display circuit receives the output information of the CPU and outputs it to the LCD display;
  • the audio output circuit receives the audio signal output by the CPU and outputs the amplified signal to the speaker;
  • the central processing unit is responsible for signal analysis and processing, and outputs control signals and audio signals, which are the core of the present invention
  • the present invention can enter the tuner mode through the key unit.
  • the central processing unit measures the level of the sound input by the sound receiving processing circuit, and the control and instruction unit indicates according to how much the sound is higher / lower than the standard sound. Pitch, pitch or pitch; Control the LCD display to display status information;
  • the present invention can enter the metronome mode through the key unit.
  • the central processing unit outputs audio signals to the audio output circuit, drives the speaker to play the beat prompt sound, and controls the instruction unit to press the beat at the same time.
  • the set parameters indicate the tempo and status information is displayed on the LCD display.
  • Another electronic metronome tuner according to the present invention includes: a casing, an LCD display, a key unit, a microphone, a speaker, and a control unit;
  • the LCD display includes an indication unit formed by arranging liquid crystal display segments arranged in a specific display area of the LCD display as the indication points, and the LCD display and the key unit are installed on a casing panel;
  • the microphone and the speaker are installed in a casing, and a microphone pickup hole and a speaker sound hole are provided at corresponding positions on a panel of the casing;
  • the control unit includes: a central processing unit, an LCD display circuit, a key circuit, a sound receiving processing circuit, and an audio output circuit;
  • the input of the key circuit is connected with the key unit, and the output of the key circuit is connected to the central processing unit, and is used to transmit the information of the key pressing to the central processing unit;
  • the input of the sound receiving and processing circuit is connected to a microphone, and the received sound signal is filtered and amplified and output to the input end of the central processing unit;
  • the audio output circuit receives an audio signal output from the central processing unit, and outputs the amplified audio signal to a speaker;
  • the LCD display circuit receives output information of the central processing unit, outputs the information to the LCD display, receives control signals output by the central processing unit, and controls the indication points of the indication unit on the LCD display to indicate the beat or pitch, pitch, and pitch;
  • the central processing unit is responsible for signal analysis and processing, and outputs control signals and audio signals.
  • the present invention can enter the tuner mode through a key unit. In this mode, the central processing unit measures the input sound level and controls the LCD display.
  • the indicating unit indicates the pitch, pitch or pitch according to how much higher / lower than the standard tone; controls the LCD display to display status information;
  • the present invention can enter the metronome mode through the key unit.
  • the central processing unit outputs audio signals to the audio output circuit, drives the Yang sounder to play the beat prompt sound, and simultaneously controls the indication unit of the LCD display to indicate the beat according to the set parameters. , And display status information through LCD display.
  • the control method of the electronic beat tuner according to the present invention includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Power on and initialize the system.
  • Step 2 Scan to determine whether there is a key command to switch to the metronome mode. If it is switched to the metronome mode, go to step 4. Otherwise, go directly to the tuner mode and go to step 3.
  • Step 3 Obtain the tuning parameter information, analyze the input sound, convert the analysis result into a control signal, the control instruction unit indicates the pitch, pitch, or pitch, and control the LCD display to display status information. When prompted by the display, it is required to change the indication unit to select the # or b display mode, then change the # or b display mode;
  • Step 4 Obtain demo beat information, set parameters, output the required beat audio signals to drive the speaker to play beat prompt sounds, and control the instruction unit to indicate the beat, and control the LCD display to display status information.
  • Step 5. If a shutdown command is scanned, close The metronome tuner enters the sleep standby state.
  • the electronic metronome tuner of the present invention uses a single-chip microcomputer as the core central processor and cooperates with other functional circuits to complete the control of various equipment, and achieves both the metronome and the tuner functions in the same device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic outline view of an embodiment of an indication unit composed of a small light bulb or a light emitting diode according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of an indication unit composed of a small light bulb or a light emitting diode according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-voice demonstration of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-voice demonstration of the present invention 2: a 4-beat sound principle
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic outline diagram of an embodiment of an indication unit composed of display segments on an LCD display according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of an indication unit using a display segment on an LCD display according to the present invention. detailed description
  • Example 1 As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic metronome tuner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes: a casing 1, an indication unit 2, an LCD display 3 , a key unit 4, a microphone, a speaker, and a control unit;
  • the indication unit 2 is composed of the indication points 5 arranged linearly on the panel of the cabinet 1.
  • the indication points 5 may be light emitting diodes or small light bulbs; linear arrangement means that all the light emitting diodes or small bulbs have an overall direction after being arranged. And not necessarily aligned in a straight line as shown in Figure 1.
  • the light-emitting diode or small light bulb is in the indicating state when it is on, and the non-indicating state when it is not on;
  • the LCD display 3 and the key unit 4 are also installed on the panel of the cabinet 1.
  • the cabinet panel is provided with a microphone pickup hole 6 and a speaker sound hole 7, and the microphone pickup hole 6 and the speaker sound hole are provided in the cabinet.
  • Microphones and speakers are installed at the corresponding positions on the back of 7;
  • the control unit of the electronic metronome tuner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes: a central processing unit 100, an instruction circuit 101, an LCD display circuit 102, a key circuit 103, a sound receiving processing circuit 104, and an audio output circuit. 105;
  • the input of the key circuit 103 is connected to the key unit, and the output of the key circuit 103 is connected to the central processing unit 100, and is used to transmit the information of the key pressing to the central processing unit 100; the input of the sound receiving processing circuit 104 and The microphone is connected, and the received sound signal is filtered and amplified and output to the input end of the central processing unit 100; the audio output circuit 105 receives the audio signal output from the central processing unit, and outputs the amplified output to the speaker;
  • the instruction circuit 101 receives the control signal of the central processing unit 100, and controls the light emission of the point indicated by the instruction unit;
  • the LCD display circuit 102 receives the output information of the central processing unit 100, and outputs it to the LCD display;
  • the central processing unit 100 is a core part of the control unit of the present invention. After the power is turned on, the central processing unit controls the entire circuit to enter the working state of the tuner; the circuit can be switched to the metronome state by pressing the key unit.
  • the central processing unit receives a musical instrument or other sound input from the microphone, and then performs frequency measurement and frequency analysis, and then calculates the group order, note name, and cent deviation based on the result of the spectrum analysis; finally, the central processing unit
  • the calculator converts the calculated result into a control signal and outputs it to the indication unit and the LCD display.
  • the control indication unit indicates the pitch, pitch or pitch according to how high / low, and controls the LCD display to display status information.
  • the status information displayed on the LCD display may include pitch status information
  • the related pitch state information includes all twelve average pitch names of ascending and twelve average pitches of descending Names, that is: "C, #C, D, #D, B, F, #F, G, #G, A, #A, B” and "C, bD, D, bE, E, F, bG, G, bA, A, bB, B ".
  • the central processor In metronome mode, the central processor first displays the default beat parameter information on the LCD display. If the user needs to change the default parameters, enter the parameters through the key unit. After the central processor obtains the parameter information of the beat that needs to be demonstrated, it performs Parameter setting; then, output the beat reminder signal to the speaker, drive the speaker to play the beat reminder, and meanwhile control the instruction unit to indicate the beat according to the set parameter, and display status information through the LCD display.
  • the beat reminder sound can be set as a beat reminder sound whose sound intensity is inverted.
  • the so-called inverting beat prompt sound refers to the frequency of the corresponding beat prompt sound when the strong beat is demonstrated, such as the strong beat sound " ⁇ "; and the corresponding beat prompt sound when the weak beat and the non-strong beat are demonstrated. High frequency, such as weak and non-strong beat sound "da".
  • the snare drum is a bass drum for strong beats
  • the snare drum is for a weak beat
  • the national percussion is a wooden fish beat for a strong beat
  • a double bass knock the larger diameter side
  • the high pitch of the double-sounding tube makes a weak shot, such as " ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ "
  • ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ?? are examples of low beat frequencies and high non-strong beat frequencies; the same is true for the rhythm of a musical instrument or band:
  • the performances are strong beats with 4, 5, and 6 strings (bass strings), and weak beats with 1, 2, and 3 strings (treble strings); in the band, strong beats are played by bass or cello, and other instruments are not strong beats. Wait.
  • This beat prompt sound which is opposite to the practice of music, brings a lot of inconvenience to the user.
  • the present invention can overcome this problem by inverting the beat prompt sound of the strength of the sound. The feeling of the artist and the sense of music.
  • the control unit takes the central processing unit as the center to complete the metronome and tuner control functions; it realizes the input of key control signals and sound information, the instruction control of the instruction unit, and the output of the LCD display information. And beat audio signal output control.
  • the central processing unit 100 is a single-chip microcomputer (MCU) and its auxiliary circuits; the selected single-chip microcomputer is S 3P72N4.
  • the output ports P3 (P3. 1-P3. 3) and P8 (P8. 2-P8. 7) of the microcontroller are connected to the instruction unit circuit 101, the key circuit 103 is connected to the P6 port of the microcontroller, the sound receiving processing circuit unit 104 and audio
  • the output circuit unit 105 is connected to a port corresponding to the microcontroller.
  • the LCD display circuit 102 includes an LCD display chip, and the selected model is the LCD display chip C8555.
  • the SEG output port and COM output port of the microcontroller are connected to the SEG and COM ports of the LCD display chip; the LCD display chip receives the input from the CPU Out, the output of the LCD display chip is connected to the LCD display.
  • the present invention adopts a vertically arranged indication unit, that is, the arrangement of all indication points is a longitudinal arrangement, and all the indication points are arranged vertically as a whole.
  • Each light emitting diode or small light bulb is independently installed on the casing 1 and arranged in a vertical linear shape, or all the light emitting diodes or small bulbs are formed into a vertically aligned whole, and then installed on the casing 1 to form a longitudinal indicating unit;
  • Indication circuit (longitudinal indication circuit) 101 includes two sets of triodes. Any combination of each of the two sets of triodes controls a light-emitting diode or a small light bulb of a longitudinal indication unit on a casing. The output of the central processing unit is controlled by The two groups of triodes are turned on to control the light emitting of the light emitting diode or the small light bulb of the vertical indicating unit.
  • Each key including the key circuit 103 corresponds to an electric key.
  • the electric key connects the corresponding circuit to the single-chip microcomputer.
  • the sound receiving and processing circuit 104 filters the input sound signal after RC filtering, and then passes through the two-stage integrated operational amplifier LM385. The amplified output is output to the P1.0 port of the single-chip microcomputer.
  • the audio output circuit 105 is a power amplifier circuit connected to the P2.3 port of the single-chip microcomputer. After the audio signal is amplified by the power, it drives the speaker to make sound.
  • the audio output circuit and sound receiving process The circuits have standard output / input jacks.
  • the sound receiving processing circuit and the audio output circuit of the present invention can of course also have only a jack without a speaker and a microphone. Such a design is more conducive to the miniaturization (but inconvenient use) of the present invention, and directly with a speaker and a microphone. It is a common replacement on the circuit.
  • the electronic metronome When performing a beat demo, the electronic metronome can be brought into a beat demo state through the key unit.
  • the single chip microcomputer controls the LCD display to display prompt information through the LCD display circuit, and then receives the desired beat information from the key circuit through the key unit, and the single chip microcomputer will respond accordingly.
  • the beat prompt sound is sent to the loudspeaker for broadcast; at the same time, the vertical indication unit is controlled to display the beat in the vertical direction, and the LCD display is controlled to display the status information.
  • the electronic metronome can be brought into the tuning state through the key unit.
  • the single chip microcomputer controls the LCD display to display the prompt information through the LCD display circuit, and then receives the tuning project information from the key circuit through the key unit, and then receives the needs from the microphone.
  • the sound of the calibration sound; the control unit determines the sound level, and controls the vertical indicating unit to indicate the pitch, pitch or pitch in the vertical direction; and at the same time, controls the LCD display to display status information.
  • the functions of the metronome and the tuner are realized, and electronically arranged light emitting points are used to indicate the beat or display pitch, pitch, or pitch, which is more in line with the laws of music practice.
  • the control unit controls The vertical indication unit makes all or part of the indication points emit light from top to bottom, and at least one of the indication points is illuminated at each moment. At the end of the first half of the shot, the lowest indication point of all indication points is illuminated. It can be moved (visual effect). In the first half of the shot, the light emitting point starts from one of all the indicated points and moves to the bottom of all the indicated points.
  • more than one indicator point can be illuminated at the same time to demonstrate the beat. For example, from top to bottom (same as the first half of the music shot), all or part of the indicator points are illuminated in order. The indicator points after the light do not go out. All lights from the starting point to the bottom point are turned off at the same time.
  • This demonstration method only needs the indicator point to be turned off at the same time as the first half of the beat. It is a simple replacement of the above control method. It can also use the delayed turn-off method to make the movement of the light point (visual effect) look like dragging a tail to demonstrate the beat. .
  • the control unit controls the indication points from the bottom of the electronic light emission point, and causes all or part of the indication points to light up in order from bottom to top.
  • the last indication point of the light is emitted; that is, in the second half of the shot, the light emission point starts from the lowest indication point of all the indication points, moves to a certain indication point, the second half of the shot ends, and the next beat is started.
  • the range of light-emitting indication points is equal to all electronic light-emitting points; when a weak shot is demonstrated, the range of light-emitting indicator points is less than or equal to one-half of all electronic light-emitting points.
  • one up and one down is a beat, and the range mentioned here refers to the sequential continuous light-emitting indicator points when the demonstration is complete, including those indicator points; if the light-emitting points are regarded as movable, so The range described is the range of electron emission points that the light emission point passes in one beat.
  • the vertically-arranged indication points of the longitudinal indication unit include a central indication point 8. As shown in FIG. 1, there are a certain number of indication points above and below the central indication point. Generally, the number of indication points is above and below. The number below is the same, and the number is determined by the designer. The larger the number, the better the visual experience of the presentation and the school sound, but the larger the occupied space and the higher the cost.
  • the central indication point 8 is illuminated, and the remaining indication points are not illuminated; if the sound is higher / lower by a few units, the number above and below the central indication point 8 from the central indication point 8 is off the sound.
  • the indication points with the same number of high / low units are illuminated; that is, if the sound is one unit higher, the first indication point adjacent to the central indication point 8 above the central indication point 8 is illuminated, and the remaining indication points are not illuminated; Two higher ⁇ For the unit, the second electronic indicating point 8 above the central indicating point 8 emits light, and the remaining electronic indicating points are not bright, and so on; if the sound is one unit lower, the first adjacent to the central indicating point 8 below the central indicating point 8 is the first If one sound is two units lower, the second electronic indicator below the central indicator point 8 will emit light, the remaining electronic indicators will not light, and so on.
  • the unit of high / low sound can be high / low one cent or several cents, or high / low one hertz or several hertz, according to the number of indicated points and the accuracy of the tuning Degree requirements to determine.
  • the above instruction method allows the user to know the pitch of the strings of his instrument very intuitively, and knows the gap from the standard pitch, and demonstrates the beat in this vertical manner, which is consistent with the beat of the beat in music practice.
  • the actual law of strong beats and large weak beats is intuitive, and the image is intuitive, making it easier for people to understand the connotation of music beats.
  • the number and types of keys in the key unit 4 of the present invention vary according to the requirements and settings of the control software, and generally include at least five keys: In the metronome state, they are: 1 Beat start / stop and power switch function key , 2 Beat-type setting and conversion into the tuner mode function keys, 3, 4 Beat-speed setting plus / minus key, 5 Shows the time value setting of the beat sound and shows the function part of the beat sound option function; In the state of the tuner, respectively For: 1 Up / Down display mode selection function key and power switch function key, 2 Tuning mode option button and transition into metronome mode function key, 3, 4 Manual tuning +/- selection or demonstration +/- selection Keys, such as selecting the 1-string or 2-string tuning of the guitar or selecting the 2-string or 3-string of the guitar when setting the demo sound, while 3, 4 and the 440Hz standard setting +/- button, 5 the standard sound demonstration setting button, To describe that a key has other functions means that a key has two functions. The two functions are controlled by a single-chip microcomputer program
  • Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides an electronic beat tuner using liquid crystal display segments arranged vertically in a specific area of an LCD display as a vertical indicating unit.
  • Principles and functions of each part of the electronic beat tuner of Embodiment 2 The circuit is similar to the electronic beat tuner of Embodiment 1.
  • the longitudinal indication unit of Embodiment 2 is composed of liquid crystal display segments arranged vertically in a specific area of the LCD display, and the control unit makes corresponding adjustments; as shown in FIG.
  • a casing 1 An LCD display 3, a key unit 4, a microphone, a speaker, and a control unit; the LCD display 3 and the key unit 4 are also installed on a panel of the casing 1; the display screen of the LCD display 3 A specific area is provided with a vertical indicating unit 2 composed of liquid crystal display segments 9 arranged vertically on the display screen, and each liquid crystal display segment 9 has two states of display and non-display, which are used to indicate an instruction state and a non-instruction state.
  • the microphone and speaker are installed in the casing, and a microphone pickup hole 6 and a speaker sound hole 7 are provided on the casing panel;
  • the control unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention does not include an instruction circuit.
  • the functions of the key circuit, the sound receiving processing circuit, and the audio output circuit are exactly the same as those of the corresponding parts of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the functions of the central processing unit and the LCD display circuit are also very close.
  • the central processing unit 100 includes: , LCD display circuit 110, key circuit 140, sound receiving processing circuit 130, audio output circuit 120, and power supply circuit 150.
  • the signal of the sound receiving and processing circuit can be output to a headphone jack and the signal of the audio output circuit to a pickup.
  • the two jacks are combined into one, and a common jack is used to implement the functions of these two jacks.
  • FIG. 6 it is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention using a two-in-one jack.
  • the common jack is a two-channel headphone jack.
  • the common end of the two-channel jack is connected to the ground wire, and one circuit channel is connected.
  • Microphone the other circuit channel is connected to the speaker.
  • the dual-channel headphone socket is used as a pickup jack. When the pickup is inserted, the circuit channel connected to the microphone will be automatically disconnected to cause the pickup to receive external signals and the microphone will not function.
  • the audio output circuit (power Amplifier circuit) is in a non-working state, so there is no effect on the sound signal output function;
  • the silent channel headphone socket is also used as a headphone jack.
  • the circuit channel connected to the speaker will be automatically disconnected.
  • the speaker does not make sound and the earphone generates a sound signal.
  • the sound receiving processing circuit since the sound receiving processing circuit is in a non-working state, there is no influence on the external signal receiving function of the tuner.
  • the input of the key circuit 140 is connected to the key unit 4, the output of the key circuit 140 is connected to the central processing unit 100, and is used to transmit the information of the key pressing to the central processing unit; the input of the sound receiving processing circuit 130 and The microphone is connected, and the received sound signal is filtered and amplified and output to the input end of the central processing unit 100; the audio output circuit 120 receives the audio signal output from the central processing unit 100 and is amplified Output to speaker output;
  • the LCD display circuit receives the prompt information and status information of the central processing unit, and outputs these information to the LCD display; receives the control information of the central processing unit, controls the display of the display segment in the liquid crystal vertical indicating unit 8, and completes the corresponding control instruction function;
  • the work flow of the central processing unit is basically the same as that of the central processing unit in Embodiment 1, except that the central processing unit does not directly control the light emitting diode or the small light bulb by controlling the triode in the vertical indicating circuit; Instead, the control command is transmitted to the LCD display circuit, and the LCD display circuit controls the liquid crystal display section of the vertical indicating unit to complete the vertical indicating function.
  • the central processing unit 100 is a single-chip microcomputer (MCU) and its auxiliary circuits; the selected single-chip computer model is S3P72N4.
  • the COM and SEG output ports of the single-chip microcomputer are connected to the input ports of the LCD display circuit 110 and communicate with the LCD display circuit; the output of the key circuit 140 is connected to the P6 port of the single-chip microcomputer, and the output of the sound receiving processing circuit unit 130 is connected to the P1. 0 input of the single-chip microcomputer.
  • the port and the audio output circuit unit 120 are connected to the corresponding port of the single-chip microcomputer.
  • the LCD display circuit 110 includes an LCD display chip CS555, the SEG output port and the COM output port of the central processing unit are connected to the SEG and COM ports of the LCD display chip.
  • the LCD display chip not only receives prompt information from the microcontroller and outputs it to a designated area of the LCD display. In addition, it receives control information from the single-chip microcomputer, and completes display control of the display segment in the liquid crystal vertical indicating unit 2.
  • the control unit directly controls the liquid crystal vertical indicating unit 2 to instruct the tempo or receive an input sound signal from a microphone, to determine the level of the sound, and to control the liquid crystal vertical indicating unit 2 to indicate the pitch, pitch, or pitch; the control unit receives the control signal from the key unit 4, Complete the control function; the control unit outputs a prompt sound or a beat sound signal from the speaker to complete the sound output function; the control unit controls the LCD display 3 to display information.
  • the electronic metronome When performing a beat demo, the electronic metronome can be brought into a beat demo state through a key unit, the control unit controls the LCD display 3 to display a prompt message, and then receives the beat information to be demonstrated from the key unit 4, and the control unit prompts the corresponding beat
  • the sound is sent to the loudspeaker and broadcasted; at the same time, the liquid crystal vertical indicating unit 8 of the LCD display is controlled to display the beat vertically, and the LCD display 3 is controlled to display the status information.
  • the electronic metronome can be brought into the calibration state through the key unit, the control unit controls the LCD display to display prompt information, and then receives the calibration item information from the key unit, and then receives the sound that needs calibration from the microphone; control The unit judges the level of the sound, and controls the liquid crystal vertical indicating unit 2 of the LCD display to indicate the pitch, pitch, or pitch vertically; at the same time, it controls the LCD display to display status information.
  • the vertically arranged liquid crystal display section 9 of the liquid crystal vertical indicating unit 2 of the LCD display 3 includes a central display section 10, and a certain number of liquid crystal display sections are provided above and below the central display section 10.
  • the electronic beat tuner control unit controls the liquid crystal display section 9 of the vertical indication unit 2 of the LCD display.
  • the manner of vertically indicating the beat and the pitch, pitch, and pitch is controlled by the control unit in the first embodiment
  • the vertical indication unit indication point indicates the beat in exactly the same manner as the pitch, pitch, and pitch.
  • the present invention provides a variety of beat prompt sounds to meet different needs.
  • the user can choose any one or a combination of them according to the needs.
  • the beat prompt sound output from the speaker includes two types of sounds: one is an analog sound of a rattle, which can be a small wooden fish sound, a high and low double-barrel sound, a bumper ringtone, and a rattle sound; and the other is a human voice
  • the number of beats can be Chinese female voices, Chinese male voices, Mandarin Chinese female voices, Chinese Cantonese female voices, English rising female voices, English falling female voices, English rising male voices, English flat male voice count and so on.
  • the beat reminder sound also includes a multi-part beat reminder sound formed by a mixed sound formed by a combination of different reminder sounds.
  • the multi-part beat prompt sound may be composed of different simulated sounds, different vocal counts, and a mixed sound of a combination of simulated vocals and vocal counts.
  • the analog sound includes “ ⁇ ” and “Da”
  • the number of human voices includes English “ONE”, “TWO”, “THREE”, “FOUR”, “FIVE”, “SIX”, and “ AND ".
  • it can also be a voice of the same meaning in Chinese or other countries.
  • the mixed sound of the analog sounder and the vocal number beat refers to a sound made by a single analog sounder and a single vocal number beat, including " ⁇ + 0NE”, “Da + TW0”, “Da + THREE “, '” Da + FOUR “,” Da + FIVE “,” Da + S IX “, and” Da + AND ",
  • the sound prompting sound of the silent part refers to two different types of sounds, namely, human vocal beats and simulated ringer sounds, which respectively indicate different rhythmic sound patterns of the two parts, including one-to-two, two-to-three, and two-to-four. and many more,
  • the one-to-two means that one part is a quarter note, which is a number of beats of a human voice, and each beat sounds one beat, and the second part is an eighth note, which is a percussion sound, two beats per beat, two
  • the part reverb effect is " ⁇ + 0NE" — one
  • the one voice part and the two voice parts can be interchanged.
  • One is to solidify the beat reminder sound into the ROM of a central processing unit, such as a single-chip microcomputer. This eliminates the need to add new chips and circuits, which is beneficial and saves hardware costs.
  • the capacity of the ROM of the single-chip microcomputer is limited, and it cannot provide more function options, so that the beat reminder tone is monotonous and the function is single. Therefore, generally, a method of adding a voice chip can also be used to store multiple beat reminder sounds. Regions and people provide personalized services.
  • the part 120 in FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment in which the audio output circuit of the present invention includes a voice chip.
  • the voice chip is a voice chip WK2134.
  • Pins 1 and 8 are power and ground respectively.
  • Pin 9 is connected to a resistor to The power supply, coupled with the internal oscillator circuit, generates the clock signals required by the chip.
  • Various analog sounds and human voices set by the present invention are recorded, edited and converted into a certain format such as ADPCM data format in advance, and stored in the memory of the chip.
  • P. 0, PI. 1, PI. 2 and PI. 3 of the voice core are data communication ports, which are connected to the microcontroller I / O, receive control commands from the CPU, and send the control commands to the microcontroller. Send an acknowledge signal.
  • the control command of the single-chip microcomputer actually requires the voice chip to emit a certain kind of sound in real time. After receiving the instruction, the voice chip outputs the data of the sound, and outputs the sound signal on the second pin after the internal decoding circuit, and then passes the external signal.
  • the chip 7368 in FIG. 6 is a voice amplification chip. After the sound signal is amplified, the speaker is driven, and the sound to be emitted can be output from the speaker. '
  • the control method of the electronic beat tuner according to the present invention includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Power on and initialize the system.
  • Step 2 Scan to determine whether there is a key command to switch to the metronome mode. If it is to switch to the metronome mode, go to step 4. Otherwise, go directly to the tuner mode and go to step 3.
  • Step 3 Obtain the tuning parameter information, analyze the input sound, convert the analysis result into a control signal, the control instruction unit indicates the pitch, pitch, or pitch, and control the LCD display to display status information. When prompted by the display, it is required to change the indication unit to select the # or b display mode, then change the # or b display mode;
  • Step 4 Obtain demo beat information, set parameters, output the required beat audio signals to drive the speaker to play beat prompt sounds, and control the instruction unit to indicate the beat, and control the LCD display to display status information. Step 5. If a shutdown command is scanned, close The metronome tuner enters the sleep standby state.
  • the mode selection button can be adjusted to make the present invention be in different states of the metronome or the tuner, and the state of entering the tuner directly after powering on can simplify the operation steps; if the metronome mode is selected, no steps are added.
  • the third step described in the present invention controls the function of the present invention to complete the tuning, and some functions related to the tuning, specifically including the following steps:
  • Step 30 Display the default information through the LCD display
  • Step 31 Perform key scan. If there are relevant commands, go to step 5. If you want to switch to metronome mode, go to step 4. If you want to change the A4 standard sound standard by pressing the keys on the LCD display, change the A4 standard. Tone standard, go to step 32; if A4 demonstration pronunciation, go to step 34; if there is no key instruction, go to step 32;
  • Step 32 Perform frequency measurement and spectrum analysis on the input instrument sound, compare with the set standard tone frequency, and calculate the difference between the group order, the note name, and the cent;
  • Step 33 convert the calculated result into a control signal, the control instruction unit indicates the pitch, pitch or pitch, control the LCD display to display status information, and perform step 31 again;
  • Step 34 Whether to change the parameters of the A4 demonstration tone. If it is changed, press the key to raise the LCD display. Shown, change the parameters of the A4 demonstration tone, go to step 35; otherwise go directly to step 35;
  • Step 35 Perform the A4 demonstration pronunciation; if there is an instruction to stop the A4 demonstration pronunciation, stop the A4 demonstration pronunciation, and execute step 31 ; if the A4 demonstration pronunciation instruction is not stopped, proceed to step 34.
  • the working mode of the present invention can also be changed by a mode selection button.
  • the LCD display cooperates with the key unit to communicate with the user to complete the selection of different functions and the setting of different parameters.
  • Changing the tuning parameters described in step 31 mainly refers to changing the A4 standard (such as 440Hz or 441Hz, etc.) and specifying the tuning of different items (such as guitar, violin, etc.).
  • the invention measures the frequency of the input instrument sound, and compares the frequency of the standard sound set with parameters after performing spectrum analysis to calculate the difference between the input instrument sound and the standard sound in calculating the group order, sound name and cent,
  • This information is displayed on the LCD display, and at the same time, according to a preset unit, it is calculated which indication point should be brought into the indication state to indicate the level of the input sound, and a corresponding control signal is output to complete the instruction.
  • the frequency range corresponding to the indication point is not linear, but the frequency range corresponding to the middle is narrow (the middle ones can be linear, which is good for adjustment), in order to achieve higher accuracy of the tuning;
  • the corresponding frequency range is wider, and the tone frequency range is increased.
  • the top / bottom indication points can include all frequency ranges that are higher / lower than the set frequency value.
  • A4 demonstration pronunciation is a commonly used function of the tuner. After selecting this function, set the parameters (mainly frequency) for pronunciation, and the single-chip microcomputer will drive the speaker to emit the A4 demonstration tone of this frequency.
  • the pronunciation frequency can be 435. -Between 445Hz or greater.
  • step 31 the present invention implements function conversion by using a key unit.
  • the key unit described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is used as an example for description:
  • the keys are ascending / descending display mode selection function keys and power switch function keys at the same time.
  • One key has other functions, which means that one key has two functions.
  • the continuous detection of a key signal is continued Time is designed to be a function within a certain time (user presses the key for a short time), and duration of continuous detection of a key signal is more than a certain time (user presses a key to be pressed) as another function.
  • this button for the convenience of the user, generally not commonly used functions, such as the mode switching function and the power switch function, are set to the functions corresponding to the long press of the button.
  • the microcontroller After the microcontroller scans the button unit for signals, it analyzes and determines the address of the button and the length of the button. According to the current mode status, the corresponding control function is activated. In the tuner mode, the button is pressed briefly. The display circuit controls the LCD display to display the ascending or descending display mode, according to the ascending / descending display mode selected by the user by pressing the button 1; In the tuner mode, 1 press and hold the button. If the beat tuner is turned off at this time, then The single chip microcomputer is powered on, and the power is self-checked. If the beat tuner is in working state at this time, the single chip microcomputer is turned off and directly enters the off state or standby state. If within a certain period of time (such as 5 minutes), the single chip microcomputer does not scan any key signals or If no input signal is detected, it enters the sleep shutdown state.
  • a certain period of time such as 5 minutes
  • the support of the single-chip microcomputer for the conversion of other key functions is similar to the 1 key. If it is a parameter setting function, the single-chip microcomputer controls the LCD display to display optional parameters. After the user selects the parameter by pressing the key, the single-chip microcomputer controls the beat tuner to complete the corresponding parameters. Setting; if it is a non-parameter setting function such as changing the mode of the beat tuner, the single chip microcomputer detects that the key unit is in this state, and directly makes adjustments to complete the corresponding function.
  • the key is an option key for the tuning mode and a function key for switching to the metronome mode.
  • the tuning modes include: guitar, bass, violin, guzheng, dulcimer, erhu, and twelve equal temperament tuning modes.
  • the 3 and 4 keys are also the 440Hz standard setting +/- key, that is, press and hold the 3 key to make Uplink setting: 435, 436, 437 ... 45, long press 4 key for downlink setting: 445,
  • the button is a standard tone demonstration setting button. Press this button to enter the A4 demonstration pronunciation state.
  • the microcontroller scans the button without the demonstration tone, the 5 signal sets the pronunciation and outputs the demonstration.
  • the single-chip microcomputer scans the button 5 signal to set to stop the pronunciation, and does not output the demonstration tone.
  • the fourth step is to control the present invention to complete the beat demo and related functions, including the following steps: Step 40: Display the default information through the LCD display;
  • Step 41 Perform a key scan. If a shutdown command is scanned, go to step 5. If a switch to the tuner mode command is scanned, go to step 4. If you press the key and change the beat parameters on the LCD monitor, the so-called beat parameters include Beat type, tempo, one-part time, two-part time, percussion beat sound type, change the beat parameter, go to step 42; if the timer overflows, reset the timer; if no key is detected during scanning Instruction, execute step 42;
  • Step 42 Perform parameter setting, and calculate the frequency division of the control instruction unit and the indicating sound.
  • the so-called dynamic display status information refers to the demo during the beat.
  • the part of the display pen segment of the LCD display that changes synchronously with the beat demo during the process, including the up and down dynamic presentation of the vertical indication unit and the one-by-one cumulative display of the number of measures;
  • Step 43 Go to Step 41.
  • the user who cooperates with the LCD unit through the LCD display obtains the required beat information, and the single-chip microcomputer converts the beat information to be demonstrated into the single-chip clock frequency information.
  • the IC extracts the beat reminder sound, outputs the audio signal at the required rhythm, and calculates the range and time of the indication point entering the indicated state according to the strong beat and weak beat and frequency information, and converts the calculation result into a control signal.
  • the control instruction unit instructs the beat, and passes The LCD display shows status information.
  • the keys are: 1 Beat start / stop and power switch function key.
  • the single-chip computer detects the key signal through scanning and only lasts within a specific time (such as 1 second). It starts under the stop state of the beat demo. The beat demonstration is stopped while the beat demonstration is in progress. If the single-chip microcomputer scan detects that the key signal continues for more than a specific time, the power is turned off to enter the sleep state.
  • the beat types include: 1/4 beat, 2/4 beat, 3/4 beat, 4/4 beat, 3/8 beat, and 3/8 beat.
  • the single-chip microcomputer scan detects 2 key signal and lasts only within a specific time (such as 1 second), it will set and display the beat pattern one by one until the customer confirms; the single-chip microcomputer scan detects that the 2 key signal lasts more than a specific time. Change the current metronome to the tuner mode. 3, 4
  • the tempo setting +/- key, the speed range is 200 steps: 30—230 beats / minute.
  • the short press is set to the acceleration / deceleration setting of 1 by one, and the long press is the continuous fast increase / decrease.
  • Deceleration setting when the single chip computer detects that the conduction time of these two keys is less than the rated time (such as 1 second) during the key scanning process, it is judged as a short press (the key is raised again in a short time after being pressed). And it is displayed as a step-by-step increase / decrease of the tempo.
  • the single-chip microcomputer scan detects the 3 or 4 key signal and only lasts within a specific time, it will set and display the speed change one by one until the customer confirms (no longer press the key); the single-chip microcomputer scans. It is detected that the 3 or 4 key signal lasts for more than a certain time, then the speed is continuously set and displayed, and the speed change is displayed until the customer confirms to stop pressing the key.
  • the function key for setting the time value of the beat sound including quarter notes, eighth notes, triplets, sixteenth notes, etc. of a part (percussion sound). Short press this key to select the setting, and long press this key to select Set the second part (voice count) to quarter note, eighth note, or rest. If the user selects a part, that is, short press the 5 key, the microcontroller scans the 5 key as a short press. State, that is, to set and display the time of each voice in turn until the customer confirms that the key is no longer pressed. If the user selects the second voice, press and hold the key 5 (press and hold), and the microcontroller scans to the key 5 for a long press.
  • the microcontroller detects the relevant signal and sets and displays it. For the relevant time value data, if the 1 key is pressed again for a short time, the single-chip microcomputer detects the 1 key signal and only lasts for a certain period of time.
  • the tempo demo is currently stopped, it will start a 2-3-beat demo; for another example, during the tempo demo In the state, the beat demo of 2 to 3 beats is displayed as a sixteenth note of a single part: short press 5 to set one part to sixteenth note, and then long press 5 to set the second part as a rest (ie The second part does not pronounce).
  • the single-chip computer detects and sets the sixteenth note of the first part and the rest of the second part.
  • the single-chip setting changes the three-tone sound of the current one part to ten.
  • the pronunciation of the sixth note changes the pronunciation of the eighth note of the ongoing second part to a rest, that is, it is silent.
  • the microcontroller After the microcontroller scans the key unit for a signal, it analyzes and determines the address of the key and the length of the key. According to the current mode status, the corresponding control function is started. In metronome mode, the key is pressed briefly. The microcontroller uses the relevant circuit to stop the beat demonstration. Start the beat demo and stop the beat demo while the beat demo is in progress. Press and hold the 1 button in the metronome mode. If the beat tuner is turned off at this time, the microcontroller turns on the power and powers on the self-test. When the device is in the working state, the microcontroller shuts off the power and directly enters the sleep standby state; if the microcontroller does not scan any key signal for a certain period of time (such as 5 minutes), it enters the sleep standby state.
  • a certain period of time such as 5 minutes
  • All the parameters of the present invention include a default parameter. These parameters are the most commonly used parameters among the optional parameters for the convenience of users.
  • the electronic beat tuner according to the present invention may include a RESET function, which can restore all parameters back to default parameters.

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Description

电子节拍校音器及其控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电子声音设备及其控制方法, 尤其是一种兼具节拍器与校音器 两种功能的电子节拍校音器, 以及控制该电子节拍校音器完成节拍演示和校音功能 的方法。 背景技术
在音乐教学、 乐器练习和其他的音乐实践中, 节拍器和校音器都有着广泛的应 用。 学习音乐、 乐器, 离不开训练和掌握准确的节拍, 节拍器一直是学习音乐和乐 器的必备工具; 而在乐器学习中, 乐器的声音准确也是一个非常重要的问题, 如果 乐器的声音不准确, 会影响对声音高低的判断和音乐乐感, 所以进行练习前, 必须 用校音器对学习和演奏的乐器进行校音。
随着现代电子技术的发展, 音乐创作、 表演和音乐教学对音乐作品声音和节奏的丰 富和完善有了更多和更高的要求, 传统的机械或模拟机械的节拍器和单一的十二平均律 的校音器已经无法满足人们的需求, 所以出现了高质量的电子节拍器和多种校音模式的 电子校音器, 但是现有的电子节拍器和电子校音器都只有节拍演示或校音的功能, 功能 比较单一, 不利于降低成本, 如果能有一种兼有节拍演示或校音两种功能, 并且将节拍 演示指示器和校音演示指示器有机的合并的电子节拍校音器, 就可以做到体积大小合生 产成本都与单一功能的电子节拍器或校音器相差不多, 肯定会得到使用者的欢迎, 取得 良好的社会效益和经济效益。
将电子节拍器和校音器二者合而为一, 不是简单的将二者的部件合并, 而是整个电 子节拍校音器的控制单元, 控制方法, 显示符号内容都要发生相应的变化, 所以这一直 以来成为困绕电子节拍器与校音器的生产者和使用者的一个难题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的一个技术问题在于提供一种电子节拍校音器, 同时兼具节拍 器与校音器两种功能; 并且, 在指示节拍和音高、 音低和音准时采用了由机壳上表 面的指示点共同组成的指示单元。
本发明所要解决的另一个技术问题在于提供电子节拍校音器, 同时兼具节拍器 与校音器两种功能; 并且, 在指示节拍和音高、 音低和音准时采用 LCD显示器上的 显示段组成的指示单元。
本发明所要解决的另一个技术问题在于提供一种用于控制电子节拍校音器完成 节拍演示和校音功能的控制方法。 本发明的技术方案如下所述:
一种电子节拍校音器, 包括: 机壳、 LCD显示器、 指示单元、 按键单元、 麦克 风、 扬声器和控制单元;
所述的指示单元由线形排列在机壳表面的指示点组成, LCD显示器和按键单元 安装在机壳面板上;
所述的麦克风和扬声器安装在机壳中, 在机壳面板上的相应位置设有麦克风拾 音孔和扬声器音孔;
所述的控制单元包括: 中央处理器、 LCD显示电路、 指示电路、 按键电路、 声 音接收处理电路和音频输出电路;
所述的按键电路的输入与按键单元连接, 按键电路的输出连接到中央处理器, 用来向中央处理器传递按键按下的信息;
所述的声音接收处理电路的输入与麦克风相连, 将接收到的声音信号滤波放大 后输出到中央处理器的输入端;
所述的指示电路接收中央处理器的控制信号, 控制指示单元指示节拍或音高、 音低和音准;
所述的 LCD显示电路接收中央处理器的输出信息, 输出到 LCD显示器上; 所述的音频输出电路接收中央处理器的输出的音频信号, 放大后输出到扬声器 输出;
所述的中央处理器负责信号的分析处理, 输出控制信号和音频信号, 是本发明 的核心;
通过按键单元可以使本发明进入校音器模式, 在该模式下, 中央处理器测量由 声音接收处理电路输入声音的高低, 控制指示单元按该声音与标准音偏高 /偏低的多 少来指示音高、 音低或音准; 控制 LCD显示器显示状态信息;
通过按键单元可以使本发明进入节拍器模式, 在该模式下, 中央处理器输出音 频信号到音频输出电路, 驱动扬声器播放节拍提示音, 同时控制指示单元按该节拍 设置的参数指示节拍, 并通过 LCD显示器显示状态信息。 本发明所述的另一种电子节拍校音器, 包括: 机壳、 LCD显示器、 按键单元、 麦克风、 扬声器和控制单元;
所述的 LCD显示器包括由排列的在 LCD显示器的特定显示区域的液晶显示段作 为指示点形成的指示单元, LCD显示器和按键单元安装在机壳面板上;
所述的麦克风和扬声器安装在机壳中, 在机壳面板上的相应位置设有麦克风拾 音孔和扬声器音孔;
所述的控制单元包括: 中央处理器、 LCD显示电路、 按键电路、 声音接收处理 电路和音频输出电路;
所述的按键电路的输入与按键单元连接, 按键电路的输出连接到中央处理器, 用来向中央处理器传递按键按下的信息;
所述的声音接收处理电路的输入与麦克风相连, 将接收到的声音信号滤波放大 后输出到中央处理器的输入端;
所述的音频输出电路接收中央处理器的输出的音频信号, 放大后输出到扬声器 输出;
所述的 LCD显示电路接收中央处理器的输出信息, 输出到 LCD显示器上, 接收 中央处理器输出的控制信号, 控制 LCD显示器上的指示单元的指示点指示节拍或音 高、 音低和音准;
所述的中央处理器负责信号的分析处理, 输出控制信号和音频信号; 通过按键单元可以使本发明进入校音器模式, 在该模式下, 中央处理器测量输 入声音的高低, 控制 LCD显示器的指示单元按与标准音偏高 /偏低的多少指示音高、 音低或音准; 控制 LCD显示器显示状态信息;
通过按键单元可以使本发明进入节拍器模式, 在该模式下, 中央处理器输出音 频信号到音频输出电路, 驱动杨声器播放节拍提示音, 同时控制 LCD显示器的指示 单元按设置的参数指示节拍, 并通过 LCD显示器显示状态信息。
本发明所述的电子节拍校音器的控制方法, 包括如下步骤:
步驟一、 开机, 系统初始化;
步驟二、扫描判断是否有按键指令转换为节拍器模式, 如果转换为节拍器模式, 执行步骤四; 否则, 直接进入校音器模式, 执行步骤三; 步驟三、 获得校音参数信息, 对输入的声音进行分析, 将分析的结果转换成控 制信号, 控制指示单元指示音高、 音低或音准, 控制 LCD 显示器显示状态信息, 如 果扫描到按键在 LCD显示器的提示下, 要求更改指示单元选择 #或 b号显示模式, 则 更改 #或 b号显示模式;
步骤四、 获得演示节拍信息, 进行参数设置, 输出所需节拍音频信号驱动扬声 器播放节拍提示音, 同时控制指示单元指示节拍, 控制 LCD显示器显示状态信息; 步骤五、 如果扫描到关机命令, 则关闭节拍校音器进入休眠待机状态。 本发明的电子节拍校音器, 通过由单片机作为核心中央处理器, 配合其他功能 电路, 完成了对各种设备控制功能, 实现了在同一装置中兼具节拍器与校音器两种 功能, 既可以节约硬件成本, 又节省了使用空间, 并且无论在节拍演示或校音时, 通过采用符合人们普通认知习惯和视觉规则的纵向指示方式, 极大方便了电子节拍 校音器的使用。 附图说明
图 1是本发明采用小灯泡或发光二极管組成的指示单元的实施例的外形示意 图;
图 2是本发明采用小灯泡或发光二极管组成的指示单元的实施例的电路示意 图;
图 3是本发明多声部演示 2 : 3拍声音原理示意图;
图 4是本发明多声部演示 2 : 4拍声音原理示意图;
图 5是本发明采用 LCD显示器上的显示段组成的指示单元的实施例的外形示意 图;
图 6是本发明采用 LCD显示器上的显示段组成的指示单元的实施例的电路示意 图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案进一步详细说明:
实施例 1 : 本发明实施例 1的电子节拍校音器, 如图 1所示, 包括: 一个机壳 1、 指示单 元 2、 LCD显示器 3、 按键单元 4、 麦克风、 扬声器和控制单元;
指示单元 2由线形排列在机壳 1面板上指示点 5組成, 该指示点 5可以是发光 二极管, 也可以为小灯泡; 线形排列是指所有的发光二极管或小灯泡排列后有一个 整体的方向性, 而不一定要如图 1排列成一条直线。 发光二极管或小灯泡发光即为 进入指示状态, 不发光则为非指示状态;
LCD显示器 3和按键单元 4也安装在机壳 1的面板上; 所述的机壳面板上设有 麦克风拾音孔 6和扬声器音孔 7 ,在机壳中麦克风拾音孔 6和扬声器音孔 7后面的相 应位置安装有麦克风和扬声器;
本发明实施例 1的电子节拍校音器的控制单元, 如图 2所示, 包括: 中央处理 器 100、 指示电路 101、 LCD显示电路 102、 按键电路 103、 声音接收处理电路 104和 音频输出电路 105;
所迷的按键电路 103的输入与按键单元连接, 按键电路 103的输出连接到中央 处理器 100, 用来向中央处理器 100传递按键按下的信息; 所述的声音接收处理电路 104的输入与麦克风相连,将接收到的声音信号滤波放大后输出到中央处理器 100的 输入端; 所述的音频输出电路 105接收中央处理器的输出的音频信号, 放大后输出 到扬声器输出;
所述的指示电路 101接收中央处理器 100的控制信号, 控制指示单元指示点的 发光; 所述的 LCD显示电路 102接收中央处理器 100的输出信息, 输出到 LCD显示 器上;
所述的中央处理器 100是本发明控制单元的核心部分, 开机后, 中央处理器控 制整个电路进入校音器工作状态; 可以通过按键单元切换电路进入节拍器状态。
在校音器状态下, 中央处理器接收由麦克风输入的乐器或其他声音, 然后进行 频率测量和频 分析, 再才艮据频谱分析的结果计算组序、 音名和音分偏差; 最后, 中 央处理器将计算得到的结果转换成控制信号, 输出到指示单元和 LCD显示器, 控制指 示单元按偏高 /偏低的多少指示音高、 音低或音准, 同时控制 LCD显示器显示状态信 息。
所述的 LCD显示器显示的状态信息可以包括音高状态信息;
所述相关音高状态信息包括所有升号的十二平均律音名和降号的十二平均律音 名, 即: "C、 #C、 D、 #D、 B、 F、 #F、 G、 #G、 A、 #A、 B" 和 "C、 bD、 D、 bE、 E、 F、 bG、 G、 bA、 A、 bB、 B" 。
在节拍器模式下, 中央处理器首先通过 LCD显示器显示默认的节拍参数信息, 如 果使用者需要改变默认的参数, 则通过按键单元输入参数, 中央处理器获得需要演 示的节拍的参数信息后, 进行参数设置; 然后, 将节拍提示音信号输出到扬声器, 驱动扬声器播放节拍提示音, 同时控制指示单元按设置的参数指示节拍, 通过 LCD显 示器显示状态信息。
所述的节拍提示音可以设置为声音强弱倒置的节拍提示音。 所谓的声音强弱倒置的 节拍提示音是指当演示强拍时, 对应的节拍提示音的频率低, 如强拍声音 "咚" ; 而演 示弱拍及非强拍时, 对应的节拍提示音的频率高, 如弱拍及非强拍声音 "哒" 。
在现有的节拍提示音中 , 对应的强拍提示音的频率高, 对应的非强拍提示音的频率 低 "叮哒哒、 叮哒哒" , 这与音乐实践中的情况则恰恰相反: 架子鼓是低音脚鼓作强拍, 小军鼓作弱拍, 民族打击乐是木鱼敲强拍, 碰铃敲弱拍, 或以双响筒的低音(敲直径大 的一边)作强拍,以双响筒的高音(敲直径小的一边)作弱拍,如"咚一哒、咚一哒 ...... ",
"咚一嚓一嚓, 咚一嚓一嚓 ...... " 都是强拍频率低, 非强拍频率高的例子; 乐器演奏节 奏或乐队的节奏声部也是如此: 吉他的节奏型演奏是以 4、 5、 6弦(低音弦)演奏强拍, 1、 2、 3弦(高音弦)演绎弱拍; 乐队中则是由贝司或大提琴奏强拍, 其它乐器奏非强拍 等。 这种与音乐实践相反的节拍提示音给使用者带来了很多不便, 本发明可以通过声音 强弱倒置的节拍提示音克服这一问题, 使节拍器的效果更加接近音乐实践, 有利于习乐 者对音乐意境的感受和提高乐感。
控制单元通过以上的电路结构, 以中央处理器为中心, 完成节拍器和校音器的 控制功能; 实现了按键控制信号和声音信息的输入、 指示单元的指示控制和 LCD显 示器的显示信息的输出和节拍音频信号的输出控制。
如图 2所示, 中央处理器 100为一个单片机(MCU )及其附属电路; 选用的单片 机型号为 S 3P72N4。 单片机的输出端口 P3 ( P3. 1-P3. 3 ) 和 P8 ( P8. 2-P8. 7 ) 连接到 指示单元电路 101 , 按键电路 103连接到单片机的 P6端口, 声音接收处理电路单元 104和音频输出电路单元 105与单片机相对应的端口连接。 LCD显示电路 102包括一 个 LCD显示芯片, 选用的型号为 LCD显示芯片 C8555。 单片机的 SEG输出端口和 COM 输出端口与 LCD显示芯片的 SEG和 COM端口相连; LCD显示芯片接收中央处理器的输 出, LCD显示芯片的输出连接到 LCD显示器。
为了更好的与音乐实践相吻合, 方便使用, 本发明采用纵向排列的指示单元, 即全部指示点的排列方式为纵向排列方式, 全部指示点从整体上是竖直的排列。 每 个发光二极管或小灯泡独立安装在机壳 1上排列成竖直的线形或将全部的发光二极 管或小灯泡形成一个竖直排列的整体, 然后安装到机壳 1上, 形成纵向指示单元; 指示电路(纵向指示电路) 101包括两组三极管, 该两組三极管每组各取一个 的任意一种组合都控制一个机壳上纵向指示单元的发光二极管或小灯泡, 中央处理 器的输出通过控制该两组三极管的导通来控制纵向指示单元的发光二极管或小灯泡 的发光。
包括按键电路 103的每一个按键都对应一个电键, 按键按下, 电键接通对应电 路与单片机的连接; 声音接收处理电路 104将输入的声音信号经过 RC滤波后, 经过 两级的集成运算放大器 LM385的放大后输出到单片机的 P1. 0端口;音频输出电路 105 是一个功率放大电路, 与单片机的 P2. 3端口相连, 将音频信号经过功率放大后, 驱 动扬声器发声; 音频输出电路和声音接收处理电路都带有标准的输出 /输入插孔。 本 发明的声音接收处理电路和音频输出电路当然也可以只带有插孔而不带有扬声器和 麦克风, 这样的设计更利于本发明的小型化 (但使用不便) , 与直接带有扬声器和 麦克风在电路上是一种常用的替换。
在进行节拍演示时, 可以通过按键单元使电子节拍器进入节拍演示状态, 单片 机通过 LCD显示电路控制 LCD显示器显示提示信息, 然后 , 从按键电路通过按键单 元接收所要演示的节拍信息, 由单片机将相应的节拍提示声音送入扬声器播出; 同 时, 控制纵向指示单元纵向显示节拍, 控制 LCD显示器显示状态信息。
在进行校音时,可以通过按键单元使电子节拍器进入校音状态,单片机通过 LCD 显示电路控制 LCD显示器显示提示信息, 然后, 从按键电路通过按键单元接收校音 项目信息, 再从麦克风接收需要校音的声音; 控制单元判断声音的高低, 控制纵向 指示单元纵向指示音高、 音低或音准; 同时, 控制 LCD显示器显示状态信息。
通过以上的装置, 实现了节拍器与校音器的功能, 并且采用了纵向排列的电子 发光点来指示节拍或显示音高、 音低或音准, 更加符合音乐实践规律。
节拍演示过程中,纵向指示单元指示前半拍时, 与扬声器发出的提示声音配合, 即纵向指示单元指示节拍与扬声器发出的节拍提示音在时间上相吻合; 控制单元控 制纵向指示单元由上至下顺序使全部或部分指示点发光, 并且每一时刻至少有一个 指示点发光, 前半拍结束时, 使全部指示点中最下方的指示点发光; 如果把发光点 看成是可以运动的 (视觉效果) , 在前半拍, 发光点从全部的指示点中的某一点开 始, 运动到全部指示点的最下方。
当然可以采用一个以上的指示点同时发光来演示节拍, 比如从上至下 (与音乐 击拍前半拍相同) 顺序使全部或部分指示点发光, 发光后的指示点不熄灭, 前半拍 结束时从起始点到最下点全部发光, 再同时熄灭。 这种演示方法只需要指示点在前 半拍结束同时熄灭即可, 是上述控制方法的简单替换; 也可以采用延迟熄灭方法使 发光点的运动 (视觉效果) 看起来象拖着一个尾巴来演示节拍。
纵向指示单元指示后半拍时, 与指示前半拍类似, 控制单元控制指示点从最下 方的电子发光点开始, 由下至上顺序使全部或部分指示点发光, 当后半拍结束时, 使相应的最后一个指示点发光; 即在后半拍, 发光点从全部的指示点中最下方的指 示点开始, 运动到某一指示点, 后半拍结束, 开始演示下一拍。
当演示强拍时, 发光的指示点的范围等于全部电子发光点; 当演示弱拍时, 发 光的指示点的范围小于或等于全部电子发光点的二分之一。 由于节拍而言, 一下一 上为一拍, 这里所说的范围是指当演示完整一拍时, 顺序的连续发光的指示点包括 那些指示点; 如果把发光点看成是可以运动的, 所述的范围即发光点在一拍中经过 的电子发光点的范围。
通过以上的纵向方式演示节拍, 与音乐活动中示拍的方式一致, 更加符合音乐 的实践规律, 使使用者在个人练习时好象如同有音乐教师在自己身边击拍示拍一样, 可以通过纵向指示了解节拍信息, 极大方便了使用者。
纵向指示单元的纵向排列的指示点中, 包括一个中央指示点 8, 如图 1所示, 所述的中央指示点上方和下方各有一定数量的指示点, 指示点数量一般情况下, 上 方和下方的数量相同, 数量的多少由设计者自行决定, 数量越多演示和校音的视觉 感受效果越好, 但是占用的空间也越大, 成本越高。
校音过程中, 如果声音准确, 中央指示点 8发光, 其余的指示点不发光; 如果 声音偏高 /偏低若干单位, 中央指示点 8上方 /下方从中央指示点 8数起的与声音偏 高 /偏低单位数相同的指示点发光; 即如果声音偏高一个单位, 中央指示点 8上方与 中央指示点 8相邻的第一个指示点发光, 其余的指示点不发光; 如果声音偏高二个 δ 单位, 中央指示点 8上方的第二个电子指示点 8发光, 其余的电子发光点不亮, 依 次类推; 如果声音偏低一个单位, 中央指示点 8下方与中央指示点 8相邻的第一个 电子指示点发光, 其余的电子指示点不亮; 如果声音偏低二个单位, 中央指示点 8 下方的第二个电子指示点发光, 其余的电子发光点不亮, 依次类推。 声音偏高 /偏低 的单位可以是偏高 /偏低一个音分或数个音分, 也可以是偏高 /偏低一个赫兹或数个 赫兹, 根据指示点的个数和校音的精确度要求来确定。
以上的指示方式, 既使使用者可以非常直观的知道自己乐器弦音的音准情况, 而且知道与标准音高的差距, 并且这种纵向方式演示节拍, 符合音乐实践中击拍的 一下一上为一拍, 强拍幅度大, 弱拍幅度小的实际规律, 形象直观, 使人更加容易 理解音乐拍子的内涵。
本发明的按键单元 4中按键的数量和种类根据控制软件的要求和设定而有所不 同, 一般至少包括五个按键: 在节拍器状态下分别为: ①节拍启动 /停止兼电源开关 功能键, ②节拍型设置兼转换进入校音器模式功能键, ③、 ④节拍速度设置加 /减键, ⑤示拍声音时值设置兼示拍声音声部选项功能键; 在校音器状态下分别为: ①升 /降 号显示模式选择功能键兼电源开关功能键, ②校音模式选项按键兼转换进入节拍器 模式功能键, ③、 ④手动校音 +/-选择或示范音 +/-选择按键, 如选择吉他的 1弦或 2 弦的校音或设置示范音时选择吉他的 2弦音或 3弦音等, 同时③、 ④兼 440Hz标准 设置 +/-按键, ⑤标准音示范设置按键, 所述一个按键兼有其他功能是指一个按键具 有两种功能, 所述两种功能是通过单片机程序的控制, 将短时间内按键按下又抬起 (恢复原状)设计为一种功能, 而将按键较长时间按下 (如按住按键保持两秒钟) 设计为另一种功能。
以上的例子只是对本发明的按键进行说明, 并不是限定本发明的按键单元中按 键的种类和数量以及对应的功能, 完全可以采用不同的按键设计完成相同的功能。 还可以根据产品功能需要设计以及产品结构造型美观等方面考虑确定按键单元数量 的增减或有关各按键功能的相互交叉替换。 实施例 2:
本发明实施例 2给出了采用 LCD显示器特定区域中纵向排列的液晶显示段作为 纵向指示单元的电子节拍校音器。 实施例 2的电子节拍校音器各部分的原理、 功能 和电路与实施例 1的电子节拍校音器相类似, 实施例 2的纵向指示单元由 LCD显示 器特定区域中纵向排列的液晶显示段组成, 并且控制单元做出相应的调整; 如图 5 所示, 包括: 机壳 1、 LCD显示器 3、 按键单元 4、 麦克风、 扬声器和控制单元; 所述的 LCD显示器 3和按键单元 4也安装在机壳 1的面板上; 该 LCD显示器 3 的显示屏上的特定区域设有由显示屏上纵向排列的液晶显示段 9組成纵向指示单元 2 ,每个液晶显示段 9都有显示和不显示两种状态,用来表示指示状态和非指示状态。
所述的麦克风和扬声器安装在机壳中, 在机壳面板上设有麦克风拾音孔 6和扬 声器音孔 7;
本发明实施例 2的控制单元不包含指示电路。 按键电路、 声音接收处理电路和 音频输出电路的功能与本发明实施例 1的对应部分完全相同, 中央处理器、 LCD显示 电路的功能也非常接近, 如图 6所示, 包括: 中央处理器 100、 LCD显示电路 110、 按键电路 140、 声音接收处理电路 130、 音频输出电路 120和电源电路 150。
为了降低成本、 使操作更加方便, 更重要的是实现产品的外观结构设计和整个 产品体积的小型化设计, 可以将声音接收处理电路的信号输出一耳机插孔和音频输 出电路的信号输入一拾音器插孔合二为一, 用一个公共的插孔实现这两种插孔的功 能。
如图 6中所示是本发明采用二合一插孔的实施例的电路示意图, 公共插孔为双 声道耳机插孔, 该双声道插孔的公共端连接地线, 一个电路通道连接麦克风, 另一 个电路通道连接扬声器。 在校音器状态下, 该双声道耳机插座作拾音器插口用, 插 入拾音器时, 连接麦克风的电路通道会自动断开使拾音器接收外部信号而麦克风不 起作用, 此时由于音频输出电路(功率放大电路) 处于不工作状态, 所以不存在对 声音信号输出功能的影响; 在节拍器状态下, 默声道耳机插座又作耳机插口用, 插 入耳机时, 连接扬声器的电路通道会自动断开使扬声器不发声音而耳机产生声音信 号, 此时由于声音接收处理电路处于不工作状态, 所以也不存在对校音器的接收外 部信号功能的影响。
所述的按键电路 140的输入与按键单元 4连接, 按键电路 140连接输出连接到 中央处理器 100 , 用来向中央处理器传递按键按下的信息; 所述的声音接收处理电路 130的输入与麦克风相连,将接收到的声音信号滤波放大后输出到中央处理器 100的 输入端; 所述的音频输出电路 120接收中央处理器 100的输出的音频信号, 放大后 输出到扬声器输出;
LCD显示电路接收中央处理器的提示信息和状态信息, 将这些信息输出到 LCD 显示器上; 接收中央处理器的控制信息, 控制液晶纵向指示单元 8中显示段的显示, 完成相应的控制指示功能;
所述的中央处理器的工作流程与实施例 1中中央处理器的工作流程基本相同, 不同之处在于中央处理器并不直接通过控制纵向指示电路中的三极管, 来控制发光 二极管或小灯泡; 而是传递控制命令到 LCD显示电路, 由 LCD显示电路控制纵向指 示单元的液晶显示段, 完成纵向指示功能。
如图 6所示电路中, 中央处理器 100为一个单片机(MCU )及其附属电路; 选用 的单片机型号为 S3P72N4。单片机的 COM和 SEG输出端口连接 LCD显示电路 110的输 入端口, 与 LCD显示电路通信; 按键电路 140的输出连接到单片机的 P6端口, 声音 接收处理电路单元 130的输出连接到单片机的 P1. 0输入端口,音频输出电路单元 120 与单片机相对应的端口连接。
LCD显示电路 110包括一个 LCD显示芯片 CS555 ,中央处理器的 SEG输出端口和 COM输出端口与 LCD显示芯片的 SEG和 COM端口相连, LCD显示芯片不但从单片机接 收提示信息输出到 LCD显示器的指定区域, 并且接收单片机的控制信息, 完成对液 晶纵向指示单元 2中显示段的显示控制。
控制单元直接控制液晶纵向指示单元 2指示节拍或从麦克风接收输入的声音信 号, 判断声音的高低, 控制液晶纵向指示单元 2指示音高、 音低或音准; 控制单元 从按键单元 4接收控制信号, 完成控制功能; 控制单元从扬声器输出提示声音或节 拍声音信号, 完成声音输出功能; 控制单元控制 LCD显示器 3显示信息。
在进行节拍演示时, 可以通过按键单元使电子节拍器进入节拍演示状态, 控制 单元控制 LCD显示器 3显示提示信息, 然后, 从按键单元 4接收所要演示的节拍信 息, 由控制单元将相应的节拍提示声音送入扬声器播出; 同时, 控制 LCD显示器的 液晶纵向指示单元 8纵向显示节拍, 并控制 LCD显示器 3显示状态信息。
在进行校音时, 可以通过按键单元使电子节拍器进入校音状态, 控制单元控制 LCD显示器显示提示信息, 然后, 从按键单元接收校音项目信息, 再从麦克风接收需 要校音的声音; 控制单元判断声音的高低, 控制 LCD显示器的液晶纵向指示单元 2 纵向指示音高、 音低或音准; 同时, 控制 LCD显示器显示状态信息。 所述的 LCD显示器 3的液晶纵向指示单元 2的纵向排列的液晶显示段 9中, 包 括一个中央显示段 10 ,所述的中央显示段 10上方和下方各有一定数量的液晶显示段。
本发明实施例 2所述的电子节拍校音器控制单元控制 LCD显示器的纵向指示单 元 2的液晶显示段 9纵向指示节拍和指示音高、 音低和音准的方式与实施例 1中控 制单元控制纵向指示单元指示点指示节拍和指示音高、 音低和音准的方式完全相同。
针对不同的使用者的爱好和习惯的不同, 本发明设计了的多种节拍提示音, 来 满足不同的需要, 使用者可以根据需要, 选择其中任意一种或其组合。
本发明在进行节拍演示时, 从扬声器输出的节拍提示声音, 包括两类声音: 一 是模拟响器声, 可以是大小木鱼声、 高低双响筒声、 碰铃声、 响板声等; 二是人声 数拍声, 可以是汉语女声数拍, 汉语男声数拍, 汉语普通话女声数拍、 汉语广东话 女声数拍、 英语升调女声数拍、 英语降调女声数拍、 英语升调男声数拍、 英语降调 男声数拍等。
所述的节拍提示音还包括由不同的提示音组合而形成的混合音形成的多声部节 拍提示音。 所述的多声部节拍提示声音可以由不同的模拟响器声、 不同的人声数拍 声和模拟响器声与人声数拍声组合的混合声组成。
下面以双声部为例详细的说明多声部节拍提示音是如何组合形成的。
例如, 所述模拟响器声包括 "咚" 和 "哒" , 所述人声数拍声包括英语 "ONE"、 "TWO" 、 "THREE" 、 "FOUR" 、 "FIVE" 、 "SIX" 和 "AND" 。 当然, 也可以是 汉语或其它国家相同含义的语音声音,
所述模拟响器声和人声数拍声的混合声指一个单一的模拟响器声和一个单一的 人声数拍声同时发出的声音, 包括 "咚 +0NE" 、 "哒 + TW0" 、 "哒 + THREE" 、 '"哒 + FOUR" 、 "哒 + FIVE" 、 "哒 + S IX" 和 "哒 + AND" ,
所述默声部节拍提示声音是指人声数拍声和模拟响器声两种不同种类的声音同 时分別指示两个声部的不同节奏音型, 包括一对二、 二对三, 二对四等等,
就 2/4拍而言举例,
所述一对二是指一声部为四分音符, 是人声数拍声, 每拍响一个音, 二声部为 八分音符, 是打击乐类音响, 每拍响两个音, 两个声部混响效果为 "咚 +0NE" —一
"哒" 、 "哒 +TW0" —— "哒" ……, 即一声部为 "ONE , TWO , ONE , TWO , …… " 的数拍声, 二声部为 "咚哒、 哒哒, 咚哒、 哒哒, …… " 的打击乐声 如图 3多声部演示 2: 3拍声音原理示意图所示, 一声部为八分音符, 是人声数 拍声, 每拍响两个音, 二声部为三连音, 是打击乐音响, 每拍响三个音(◎ 为打击 乐声和数拍声的二合一的混合声, 〇为单一的人声数拍声或单一的打击乐类音响) , 两个声部混响效果为 "咚 +0NE" —— "哒" —— "AND" —— "哒" 、 "哒 +TTO" ― ― "哒" —— "AND" —— "哒" ……, 即一声部为 "ONE—— AND, TWO—— AND, ONE —— AND, TWO—— AND, …… " 的数拍声, 二声部为 "咚——哒——哒、 哒——哒一 一哒, 咚——哒—— p达、 哒——哒——哒, " 的响器声。
如图 4多声部演示 2: 4拍声音原理示意图所示, 一声部为八分音符, 是人声数 拍声, 每拍响两个音, 二声部为十六分音符, 是打击乐音响, 每拍响四个音, 两个 声部混响效果为 "咚 +0NE" —— "哒" —— "哒 +AND" —— "哒" 、 "哒 +TTO" ― ― "哒" —— "哒 +AND" —— "哒" …… , 即一声部为 "ONE—— AND, TWO—— AND , ONE—— AND , TWO—— AND , …… " 的数拍声, 二声部为 "咚——哒——哒——哒、 P达 P达 Ρ¾ ' ~ ' _ ρ达, P达 P达 P达、 p达 P达 P达 口达, " 的响器声。
所述一声部和二声部可以互换。
在电路设计中为了实现上面的功能, 一般采用两种方法, 一是将节拍提示音固 化到中央处理器如单片机的 ROM 中, 这样无需增加新的芯片和电路, 有利与节约硬 件成本; 但是由于单片机的 ROM 的容量有限, 无法提供更多的功能选择, 使节拍提 示音变得单调, 功能单一, 所以一般也可以采用增加一个语音芯片的方法, 在其中 存储多种节拍提示音, 针对不同的地区和人群提供个性化的服务。
图 6中 120部分是本发明音频输出电路包括语音芯片的实施例的电路图, 所述 的语音芯片选用的是语音芯片 WK2134 , 其 1、 8脚分别是电源、 地线, 9脚接一电阻 至电源, 加上内部的振荡电路, 产生芯片所需的时钟信号。
本发明设定的各种模拟响器声和人声数拍声预先经过录音、编辑并转换成一定的 格式如 ADPCM数据格式, 存放在本芯片存储器中。
该语音芯的 P1. 0、 PI. 1、 PI. 2 , PI. 3是数据通讯口,它连接在单片机 I /O上, 接收 CPU发来的控制命令,并在收到控制命令后向单片机发出应答信号。 单片机的控 制命令实际上就是要求语音芯片即时发出某一种声音, 语音芯片在收到这个指令后 将所发声音的数据输出, 经过内部解码电路后在第 2脚输出声音信号, 再经过外部 的滤波电路、 放大电路; 图 6中的芯片 7368是语音放大芯片, 声音信号经过其放大 后驱动扬声器, 即可在扬声器输出要发出的声音。 '
实施例 3:
本发明所述的电子节拍校音器的控制方法, 包括如下步骤:
步骤一、 开机, 系统初始化;
步骤二、 扫描判断是否有按键指令转换为节拍器模式, 如果转换为节拍器模式, 执行步骤四; 否则, 直接进入校音器模式, 执行步骤三;
步骤三、 获得校音参数信息, 对输入的声音进行分析, 将分析的结果转换成控 制信号, 控制指示单元指示音高、 音低或音准, 控制 LCD 显示器显示状态信息, 如 果扫描到按键在 LCD显示器的提示下, 要求更改指示单元选择 #或 b号显示模式, 则 更改 #或 b号显示模式;
步骤四、 获得演示节拍信息, 进行参数设置, 输出所需节拍音频信号驱动扬声 器播放节拍提示音, 同时控制指示单元指示节拍, 控制 LCD显示器显示状态信息; 步驟五、 如果扫描到关机命令, 则关闭节拍校音器进入休眠待机状态。
通过模式选择按键可以调节使本发明处于节拍器或校音器的不同状态, 开机后 直接进入校音器的状态, 可以简化操作步骤; 如果选择节拍器模式, 也并不会增加 步驟。
本发明所述的步骤三, 控制本发明完成校音的功能, 以及与校音相关的一些功 能, 具体包括如下步骤:
步骤 30、 通过 LCD显示器显示默认信息;
步骤 31、 进行按键扫描, 如果有关机命令, 执行步骤五; 如果为转换为节拍器 模式指令, 执行步骤四; 如果为通过按键在 LCD显示器的提示下, 更改 A4标准音标 准, 则更改 A4标准音标准, 执行步驟 32; 如果进行 A4示范发音, 执行步驟 34; 如 果没有任何按键指令, 执行步骤 32;
步骤 32、 对输入的乐器声音进行频率测量和频谱分析, 与设定的标准音的频率 进行比较, 计算组序、 音名和音分的差别;
步骤 33、将计算的结果转换成控制信号,控制指示单元指示音高、音低或音准, 控制 LCD显示器显示状态信息, 重新执行步骤 31;
步骤 34、 是否改变 A4示范音的参数, 如果改变, 通过按键在 LCD显示器的提 示下, 改变 A4示范音的参数, 执行步骤 35; 否则直接执行步驟 35;
步骤 35、 进行 A4示范发音; 如果有停止 A4示范发音指令, 则停止 A4示范发 音, 执行步骤 31 ; 如果没有停止 A4示范发音指令, 则执行步骤 34。
在校音器模式下, 也可以通过模式选择按键改变本发明的工作模式。 LCD 显示 器与按键单元配合, 用来与用户进行交流, 完成不同功能的选择和不同参数的设定。 步骤 31 中所述的更改校音参数, 主要指改变 A4标准 (如 440Hz或 441Hz等) 和指 定不同项目的校音 (如吉他、 小提琴等) 。
本发明对输入的乐器声音的频率进行测量, 并且进行频谱分析后与参数设定的 标准音的频率进行比较, 计算出输入的乐器声音与标准音在计算组序、 音名和音分 的差别, 并通过 LCD 显示器显示这些信息, 同时根据预先设定的单位, 计算出应该 使哪个指示点进入指示状态, 来表示输入的声音的高低, 输出相应的控制信号, 完 成指示。 - 一般而言, 指示点对应的频率范围并不是线形的, 而是中间对应的范围频率较 窄 (中间几个可以是线性的, 利于调节) , 以期达到更高的校音精度; 而两侧则对 应的频率范围较宽, 增加校音频率范围, 最上 /最下的指示点可以包括所有高出 /低 于设定的频率值的频率范围。
进行 A4示范发音是校音器的一个常用的功能, 选择了此功能后,设定进行发音 的参数(主要是频率) , 由单片机输出驱动扬声器发出该频率的 A4示范音, 发音频 率可在 435- 445Hz或更大范围之间。
在步骤 31中, 本发明通过按键单元实现功能转换, 以本发明实施例 1中所述的 按键单元为例进行说明:
①按键为升 /降号显示模式选择功能键同时兼电源开关功能键,所述一个按键兼 有其他功能是指一个按键具有两种功能, 通过单片机的不断扫描, 连续检测到一个 按键信号的持续时间在一特定时间以内 (使用者短按按键) 设计为一种功能, 而将 连续检测到一个按键信号的持续时间在一特定时间以上 (使用者长按按键) 设计为 另一种功能。 对于本按键而言, 为了方便使用者, 一般将不常用的功能, 如模式转 换功能和电源开关功能设置为长按按键对应的功能。
单片机扫描到按键单元有信号后, 分析确定按键的地址和按键的时间长短, 根 据当前模式状态、 启动对应的控制功能, 校音器模式下①按键短按, 单片机通过 LCD 显示电路控制 LCD显示器显示升或降号显示模式, 根据用户通过按键①选定的升 /降 号显示模式; 校音器模式下①按键长按, 如果此时节拍校音器处于关闭状态, 则单 片机打开电源, 加电自检; 如果此时节拍校音器处于工作状态, 则单片机关闭电源, 直接进入关闭状态或待机状态; 如果一定时间内 (如 5 分钟)单片机没有扫描到任 何按键信号或没有检测到任何输入信号, 则进入休眠关机状态。
单片机对其他按键功能转换的支持, 与①按键相似, 如果是参数设定的功能, 单片机控制 LCD显示器显示可选的参数, 用户通过按键选定参数后, 单片机控制节 拍校音器完成相应的参数设置; 如果是改变节拍校音器的模式等非参数设置功能, 单片机检测到按键单元处于该状态, 直接作出调整, 完成相应的功能。
②按键为校音模式选项按键兼转换进入节拍器模式功能键, 所述的校音模式包 括: 吉他、 贝司、 小提琴、 古筝、 扬琴、 二胡及十二平均律校音模式等。 ③、 ④按 键为手动校音选择 +/-键(+表示逐一上行选择, -表示逐一下行选择)或示范音的上 下行进设置, 如在吉他校音模式下选择某一弦(1一6 弦中的任一) , 或者在发示范 音时设置发吉他 1— 6弦中的任一弦的空弦标准音,③、④键还兼 440Hz标准设置 +/- 键, 即长按③键作上行设置: 435、 436、 437...... 45 , 长按④键作下行设置: 445、
444、 443、 442......435; ⑤按键为标准音示范设置按键, 按下此按键进入 A4示范发 音状态, 单片机在无示范音状态下扫描到按键⑤信号即设置发音, 输出示范音, 单 片机在有示范音状态下扫描到按键⑤信号即设置停止发音, 不输出示范音。
以上的例子只是对本发明的按键在校音器状态下的操作功能说明, 并不是限定 本发明的按键单元中按键的种类和数量以及对应的功能, 完全可以采用不同的按键 设计完成相同的功能。
所述的步骤四, 控制本发明完成节拍演示及相关功能, 包括如下步骤: 步驟 40、 通过 LCD显示器显示默认信息;
步骤 41、 进行按键扫描, 如果扫描到关机命令, 执行步骤五; 如果扫描到转换 校音器模式指令, 执行步骤四; 如果为通过按键在 LCD显示器的提示下, 更改节拍 参数, 所谓节拍参数包括节拍型、 速度、 一声部时值、 二声部时值、 打击乐示拍声 种类, 则更改节拍参数, 执行步骤 42; 如果定时器溢出, 则重置定时器; 如果没有 扫描检测到任何按键指令, 执行步骤 42;
步骤 42、 进行参数设置, 计算控制指示单元和示拍声的分频; 如果扫描到启动 W
/停止演示指令, 输出 /停止所需节拍音频信号驱动扬声器播放节拍提示音, 同时控 制 /终止指示单元指示节拍, 控制 /中断 LCD 显示器的动态显示状态信息, 所谓动态 显示状态信息是指在节拍演示过程中 LCD显示器的显示笔段中与节拍演示同步变化 的部分, 包括纵向指示单元的上下动态演示和小节数的逐一累加显示;
步骤 43、 执行步骤 41。
在节拍器状态下, 通过 LCD显示器与按键单元配合的用户交流, 获得所需演示 的节拍信息, 由单片机将要演示的节拍信息转换成单片机的时钟频率的信息, 然后 就可以从单片机 ROM中或语音 IC提取节拍提示音, 按要求的节奏输出音频信号, 同 时根据强拍和弱拍以及频率信息计算指示点进入指示状态的范围和时间, 将计算结 果转换成控制信号控制指示单元指示节拍, 并通过 LCD显示器显示状态信息。
以本发明实施例 1中所述的按键单元为例进行说明:
在节拍器状态下各按键分别为: ①节拍启动 /停止兼电源开关功能键, 单片机 通过扫描检测到①按键信号并只持续在一特定时间 (如 1秒) 以内, 在节拍演示停 止状态下开始节拍演示, 而在节拍演示进行状态下则停止节拍演示; 若单片机扫描 检测到①按键信号持续在一特定时间以上则关闭电源进入睡眠状态。 ②节拍型设置 兼转换进入校音器模式功能键, 所述的节拍类型包括: 1/4拍、 2/4拍、 3/4拍、 4/4 拍、 3/8拍和 3/8拍等, 单片机扫描检测到②按键信号并只持续在一特定时间 (如 1 秒) 以内, 则逐一设置并显示节拍型, 直至客户确认为止; 单片机扫描检测到②按 键信号持续在一特定时间以上则变当前节拍器为校音器模式。 ③、 ④节拍速度设置 +/-键, 速度范围为 200级: 30— 230拍 /分钟, 为了方便使用者, 设计短按为逐 1的 加 /减速度设置, 长按为连续快速的加 /减速度设置, 单片机在按键扫描过程中检测 到这两个按键的导通时间小于额定时间 (如 1秒钟) , 即判断为短按(按下后在短 时间内又抬起) , 设定并显示为节拍速度逐一级的加 /减, 单片机扫描检测到③或④ 按键信号并只持续在一特定时间以内, 则逐一设置并显示速度变化, 直至客户确认 (不再按键为止) ; 单片机扫描检测到③或④按键信号持续在一特定时间以上, 则 连续快速设置并显示速度变化, 直至客户确认停止按键为止。 ⑤示拍声音时值设置 功能键, 包括一声部 (打击乐音响) 的四分音符、 八分音符、 三连音、 十六分音符 等, 由短按该键选择设置, 长按该键选择设置二声部 (人声数拍) 为四分音符、 八 分音符或休止符。 如果用户选择一声部, 即短按⑤键, 单片机扫描到⑤键为短按状 态, 即循环轮流设置并显示一声部的各个时值直到客户确认不再按键为止, 如果用 户选择二声部, 即长按⑤键(按住不放) , 单片机扫描到⑤键为长按状态, 即慢速 地(如 1秒钟 1变化)循环轮流设置并显示二声部的四分音符、 八分音符或休止符, 直到客户确定即不再按该键为止。 比如, 设置双声部的 2-3拍: 短按⑤键将一声部 设置到三连音, 再长按⑤键将二声部设置为八分音符, 此时单片机检测到相关信号 即设置并显示相关时值数据, 若再短按①键, 单片机检测到①按键信号并只持续在 一特定时间以内, 若当前为节拍演示停止状态即开始 2-3拍的节拍演示; 再比如, 在节拍演示状态下改变 2- 3拍的节拍演示为单声部的十六分音符示拍: 短按⑤键将 一声部设置到十六分音符, 再长按⑤键将二声部设置为休止符 (即二声部不发音) , 此时单片机检测到相关信号即设置并显示出一声部的十六分音符和二声部的休止 符, 同时单片机设置将正在进行的一声部的三连音发音改变为十六分音符的发音, 将正在进行的二声部的八分音符发音改变为休止符即不发音。
单片机扫描到按键单元有信号后, 分析确定按键的地址和按键的时间长短, 根 据当前模式状态、 启动对应的控制功能, 节拍器模式下①键短按, 单片机通过相关 电路在节拍演示停止状态下启动节拍演示, 在节拍演示进行中则停止节拍演示; 节 拍器模式下长按①按键, 如果此时节拍校音器处于关闭状态, 则单片机打开电源, 加电自检; 如果此时节拍校音器处于工作状态, 则单片机关闭电源, 直接进入休眠 待机状态; 如果一定时间内 (如 5分钟) 单片机没有扫描到任何按键信号, 则进入 休眠待机状态。
以上的例子只是对本发明的按键进行说明, 并不是限定本发明的按键单元中按 键的种类和数量以及对应的功能, 完全可以采用不同的按键设计完成相同的功能。
本发明的所有的参数都包括一个默认的参数,这些参数是可选参数中最常用的 参数, 以方便使用者的使用。 本发明所述的电子节拍校音器可以包括一个 RESET功 能, 可以使全部的参数恢复回默认参数。
最后所应说明的是: 以上实施例仅用以说明而非限制本发明的技术方案,尽管 参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细说明, 本领域的普通技术人员应当理解: 依然 可以对本发明进行修改或者等同替换, 而不脱离本发明的精神和范围的任何修改或 局部替换, 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种电子节拍校音器, 包括: 机壳、 LCD显示器、 指示单元、 按键单元、 麦 克风和扬声器;
所述的指示单元由线形排列在机壳表面的指示点组成, LCD显示器和按键单元 安装在机壳面板上;
所述的麦克风和扬声器安装在机壳中, 在机壳面板上的相应位置设有麦克风拾 音孔和扬声器音孔;
其特征在于: 还包括控制单元, 所述的控制单元包括: 中央处理器、 LCD显示 电路、 指示电路、 按键电路、 声音接收处理电路和音频输出电路;
所述的按键电路的输入与按键单元连接, 按键电路的输出连接到中央处理器, 用来向中央处理器传递按键按下的信息;
所述的声音接收处理电路的输入与麦克风相连, 将接收到的声音信号滤波放大 后输出到中央处理器的输入端; 所述的指示电路接收中央处理器的控制信号, 控制指示单元指示节拍或音高、 音低和音准;
所述的 LCD显示电路接收中央处理器的输出信息, 输出到 LCD显示器上; 所述的音频输出电路接收中央处理器的输出的音频信号, 放大后输出到扬声器 输出; 所述的中央处理器负责信号的分析处理, 输出控制信号和音频信号; 通过按键单元可以进入校音器模式; 在该模式下, 中央处理器测量输入声音的 高低, 控制指示单元按与标准音偏高 /偏低的多少指示音高、 音低或音准, 控制 LCD 显示器显示状态信息;
所述的 LCD显示器显示的状态信息可以包括音高状态信息; '
所述相关音高状态信息包括所有升号和降号的十二平均律音名, 即: "C、 #C、 bD、 D、 #D、 bE、 E、 F、 #F、 bG、 G、 #G、 bA、 A、 #A、 bB、 B" ;
. 通过按键单元可以进入节拍器模式, 在该模式下, 中央处理器输出音频信号到 音频输出电路, 驱动扬声器输出节拍提示音, 同时控制指示单元指示节拍, 并通过
LCD显示器显示状态信息; 所述的节拍提示音可以为声音强弱倒置的节拍提示音,所谓的声音强弱倒置的节拍 提示音是指当演示强拍时, 对应的节拍提示音的频率低, 而演示非强拍时, 对应的节拍 提示音的频率高;
所述的节拍提示音可以为双声部的节拍演示,所谓双声部节拍演示包括 2-3拍、 2-4 拍的节拍演示。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的电子节拍校音器, 其特征在于: 所述的指示单元的指 示点为安装在机壳面板上的发光二极管或小灯泡;
所述的指示电路包括两組三极管, 该两組三极管每組各取一个的任意一种组合 都控制机壳上指示单元的一个发光二极管或小灯泡, 中央处理器通过控制该两组三 极管的导通来控制发光二极管或小灯泡开关;
所迷的中央处理器包括单片机及其附属电路, 按键电路连接电路与单片机的控 制端口相连, 声音接收处理电路的输出与单片机的输入端口连接, 单片机的控制输 出端口连接到指示电路, 控制发光二极管或小灯泡的发光, 单片机的音频输出端口 连接到音频输出电路;
所述 LCD显示单元包括 LCD显示芯片, 单片机的 SEG输出端口和 COM输出端口 分别与 LCD显示芯片的 SEG和 COM端口相连, 向 LCD显示芯片发送控制命令和需要 显示的信息; LCD显示芯片的输出连接到 LCD显示器。
3、一种电子节拍校音器, 包括: 机壳、 LCD显示器、 按键单元、 麦克风和扬声 器; .
所述的 LCD显示器包括由排列的在 LCD显示器的特定显示区域的液晶显示段作 为指示点形成的指示单元, LCD显示器和按键单元安装在机壳面板上;
所述的麦克风和扬声器安装在机壳中, 在机壳面板上的相应位置设有麦克风拾 音孔和扬声器音孔;
其特征在于: 还包括控制单元, 所述的控制单元包括: 中央处理器、 LCD显示 电路、 按键电路、 声音接收处理电路和音频输出电路;
所述的按键电路的输入与按键单元连接, 按键电路的输出连接到中央处理器, 用来向中央处理器传递按键按下的信息; 所述的声音接收处理电路的输入与麦克风相连, 将接收到的声音信号滤波放大 后输出到中央处理器的输入端;
所述的音频输出电路接收中央处理器的输出的音频信号, 放大后输出到扬声器 输出;
所述的 LCD显示电路接收中央处理器的输出信息, 输出到 LCD显示器上, 接收 中央处理器输出的控制信号, 控制 LCD显示器上的指示单元的指示点指示节拍或音 高、 音低和音准;
所述的中央处理器负责信号的分析处理, 输出控制信号和音频信号; 通过按键单元可以进入校音器模式, 在该模式下, 中央处理器测量输入声音的 高低, 控制 LCD显示器的指示单元按与标准音偏高 /偏低的多少指示音高、 音低或音 准; 控制 LCD显示器显示状态信息;
所述的 LCD显示器显示的状态信息可以包括音高状态信息;
所述相关音高状态信息包括所有升号和降号的十二平均律音名, 即: "C、 #C、 bD、 D、 #D、 bE、 E、 F、 #F、 bG、 G、 #G、 bA、 A、 #A、 bB、 B" ;
通过按键单元可以进入节拍器模式, 在该模式下, 中央处理器输出音频信号到 音频输出电路, 驱动扬声器输出节拍提示音, 同时控制 LCD显示器的指示单元按指 示节拍, 并通过 LCD显示器显示状态信息。
所述的节拍提示音可以为声音强弱倒置的节拍提示音,所谓的声音强弱倒置的节拍 提示音是指当演示强拍时, 对应的节拍提示音的频率低, 而演示非强拍时, 对应的节拍 提示音的频率高;
所述的节拍提示音可以为双声部的节拍演示,所谓双声部节拍演示包括 2-3拍、 2-4 拍的节拍演示。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的电子节拍校音器, 其特征在于: 所述的中央处理器包 括单片机及其附属电路, 按键电路连接电路与单片机的控制端口相连, 声音接收处 理电路的输出与单片机的输入端口连接; 单片机的音频输出端口连接到音频输出电 路;
所述 LCD显示单元包括 LCD显示芯片, 单片机的 SEG输出端口和 COM输出端口 分别与 LCD显示芯片的 SEG和 COM端口相连, LCD显示芯片的输出连接到 LCD显示 器上; LCD显示芯片接收单片机输出的控制命令, 控制 LCD显示器上的指示单元的液 晶显示段指示节拍或音高、 音低和音准, LCD显示芯片接收单片机输出的需要显示信 息和控制显示命令, 将信息输出到 LCD显示器上。
5、根据权利要求 1-4任一所述的电子节拍校音器, 其特征在于: 所述的指示单 元为纵向指示单元, 全部指示点的排列方式为纵向排列; 纵向指示单元采用如下方 式指示节拍:
纵向指示单元指示前半拍时, 与扬声器发出的节拍提示音配合, 控制单元控制 全部或部分指示点由上至下顺序进入指示状态, 并且每一时刻至少有一个指示点处 于指示状态; 前半拍结束时, 使全部指示点中最下方的指示点进入指示状态;
纵向指示单元指示后半拍时, 与扬声器发出的节拍提示音配合, 控制单元控制 全部或部分指示点从最下方的指示点开始, 由下至上顺序进入指示状态; 后半拍结 束时, 使相应的最后一个指示点进入指示状态;
当演示强拍时, 所有进入指示状态的指示点的范围为全部指示点; 当演示弱拍 时, 所有进入指示状态的指示点的范围等于或小于全部指示点的二分之一;
所述的纵向指示单元包括一个中央指示点, 在中央指示点的上方和下方各有一 定数量的指示点; 纵向指示单元采用如下方式指示音高、 音低或音准:
校音过程中, 如果输入声音准确, 纵向指示单元中央指示点进入指示状态, 其 余的指示点保持非指示状态; 如果输入声音偏高 /偏低若干单位, 中央指示点上方 / 下方从中央指示点数起的与声音偏高 /偏低单位数相同的指示点进入指示状态, 其余 的指示点保持非指示状态。
6、 根据权利要求 1-4任一所述的电子节拍校音器, 其特征在于: 所述的声音接 收处理电路和音频输出电路可以采用一个公共的双声道耳机插孔;
所述双声道耳机插孔的^共端连接地线, 一个电路通道连接麦克风, 另一个电 路通道连接扬声器; 校音器状态下, 插入拾音器时, 连接麦克风的电路通道会自动 断开; 在节拍器状态下, 插入耳机时, 连接扬声器的电路通道会自动断开, 实现两 种插孔的功能。
7、 根据权利要求 1-4任一所述的电子节拍校音器, 其特征在于: 所述的节拍提 示音包括模拟响器声、 人声数拍声以及不同提示音的混合声的多声部节拍提示声音; 所述的多声部节拍提示声音可以由不同的模拟响器声、 不同的人声数拍声和模 拟响器声与人声数拍声组合的混合声组成;
所述的音频输出电路可以包括一个语音芯片, 用于存储节拍提示声音; 所述的语音芯片与单片机相连, 接收单片机的控制命令, 按控制命令的要求输 出所需的节拍提示音, 再经过滤波电路和放大电路, 从扬声器输出指定的节拍提示 声音,同时中央处理器控制 LCD显示器电路显示出相应的时值音符符号。
8、 一种电子节拍校音器的控制方法, 其特征在于: 在根据权利要求 1-7中的任 一电子节拍校音器中进行控制, 包括如下步驟:
步骤一、 开机, 系统初始化;
步骤二、扫描判断是否有按键指令转换为节拍器模式, 如果转换为节拍器模式, 执行步驟四; 否则, 直接进入校音器模式, 执行步骤三;
步骤三、 获得校音参数信息, 对输入的声音进行分析, 将分析的结果转换成控 制信号, 控制指示单元指示音高、 音低或音准, 控制 LCD 显示器显示状态信息, 如 果扫描到按键在 LCD显示器的提示下, 要求更改指示单元选择 #或 b号显示模式, 则 更改 #或 b号显示模式;
步骤四、 获得演示节拍信息, 进行参数设置, 输出所需节拍音频信号驱动扬声 器播放节拍提示音, 同时控制指示单元指示节拍, 控制 LCD显示器显示状态信息; 步骤五、 如果扫描到关机命令, 则关闭节拍校音器进入休眠待机状态。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的电子节拍校音器的控制方法, 其特征在于: 所述的步 骤三, 具体包括:
步驟 30、 通过 LCD显示器显示默认信息;
步骤 31、 进行按键扫描, 如果有关机命令, 执行步骤五; 如果为转换为节拍器 模式指令, 执行步骤四; 如果为通过按键在 LCD显示器的提示下, 更改 A4标准音标 准, 则更改 A4标准音标准, 执行步骤 32; 如果进行 A4示范发音, 执行步驟 34; 如 果没有任何按键指令, 执行步骤 32; 步骤 32、 对输入的乐器声音进行频率测量和频谱分析, 与设定的标准音的频率 进行比较, 计算組序、 音名和音分的差别;
步骤 33、将计算的结果转换成控制信号,控制指示单元指示音高、音低或音准, 控制 LCD显示器显示状态信息, 重新执行步骤 31 ;
步骤 34、 是否改变 A4示范音的参数, 如果改变, 通过按键在 LCD显示器的提 示下, 改变 A4示范音的参数, 执行步骤 35; 否则直接执行步骤 35 ;
步驟 35、 进行 A4示范发音; 如果有停止 A4示范发音指令, 则停止 A4示范发 音, 执行步骤 31 ; 如果没有停止 A4示范发音指令, 则执行步骤 34。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的电子节拍校音器的控制方法, 其特征在于: 所述的 步骤四, 包括如下步骤:
步骤 40、 通过 LCD显示器显示默认信息;
步骤 41、 进行按键扫描, 如果扫描到关机命令, 执行步骤五; 如果扫描到转换 校音器模式指令, 执行步驟四; 如果为通过按键在 LCD 显示器的提示下, 更改节拍 参数, 所谓节拍参数包括节拍型、 速度、 一声部时值、 二声部时值、 打击乐示拍声 种类, 则更改节拍参数, 执行步驟 42; 如果定时器溢出, 则重置定时器; 如果没有 扫描检测到任何按键指令, 执行步骤 42;
步骤 42、 进行参数设置, 计算控制指示单元和示拍声的分频; 如果扫描到启动 /停止演示指令, 输出 /停止所需节拍音频信号驱动扬声器播放节拍提示音, 同时控 制 /终止指示单元指示节拍, 控制 /中断 LCD 显示器的动态显示状态信息, 所谓动态 显示状态信息是指在节拍演示过程中 LCD 显示器的显示笔段中与节拍演示同步变化 的部分, 包括纵向指示单元的上下动态演示和小节数的逐一累加显示;
步骤 43、 执行步骤 41。
PCT/CN2003/000954 2002-11-26 2003-11-12 Appareil electronique indiquant le tempo et corrigeant la tonalite et procede de commande WO2004049078A1 (fr)

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