WO2004016650A1 - Peptides antimicrobiens, polypeptides comprenant lesdits peptides, genes codant lesdits peptides, vecteurs, organismes transformes et compositions les contenant - Google Patents
Peptides antimicrobiens, polypeptides comprenant lesdits peptides, genes codant lesdits peptides, vecteurs, organismes transformes et compositions les contenant Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004016650A1 WO2004016650A1 PCT/FR2003/002517 FR0302517W WO2004016650A1 WO 2004016650 A1 WO2004016650 A1 WO 2004016650A1 FR 0302517 W FR0302517 W FR 0302517W WO 2004016650 A1 WO2004016650 A1 WO 2004016650A1
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- Prior art keywords
- peptide
- ala
- lys
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/43504—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from invertebrates
- C07K14/43563—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from invertebrates from insects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Definitions
- ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES POLYPEPTIDES COMPRISING SAID PEPTIDES, GENES ENCODING SAID PEPTIDES, VECTORS, TRANSFORMED ORGANISMS AND COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING THEM.
- the present invention relates to new peptides having antimicrobial properties, polypeptides comprising said peptides, polynucleotides encoding said peptides, chimeric genes, vectors containing said polynucleotides or said chimeric genes and transformed organisms.
- the invention also relates to antimicrobial compositions containing said peptides which can be used in human and animal therapy, in agriculture as well as in the food and plant health industry.
- Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faeci m are listed in particular.
- Enterococcus faecalis alone is responsible for around 80% of the nosocomial infections mentioned above. Infections caused by bacteria of the genus Enterococcus are particularly difficult to treat.
- Enterococci tolerate a wide variety of growing conditions. In particular, they have the capacity to grow in hypotonic, hypertonic, acidic, alkaline environments and in environments whose temperature range is between 10 and 45 ° C.
- Sodium azide and bile salts which inhibit the growth or even destroy most of the microorganisms, are tolerated by Enterococci.
- the most commonly used antibacterial compounds today are or are derived from natural substances produced by bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi.
- antibacterial compounds are grouped according to the following main classes: ⁇ -lactams including penicillins, methicillin, cephalosporins and monobactams; aminoglycosides including streptomycin, gentamicin, neomycin, tobramycin, netilmycin and amikacin; tetracyclines including minocycline and doxycycline; sulfonamides and trimethoprimes; fluoroquinolones including ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin; macrolides including erythromicin, azithromycin and clarithromycin; quinolones including ciprofloxin; polymyxins; glycopeptides including vancomycin; polymyxins; lincosamides; and chloramphenicol.
- ⁇ -lactams including penicillins, methicillin, cephalosporins and monobactams
- aminoglycosides including streptomycin, gent
- Enterococci have naturally developed resistance mechanisms against most conventional antibacterials and in particular against ⁇ -lactams of penicillin and cephalosporins type, against a inoglycosides of gentamycin type, against quinolones, against glycopeptides of vancomycin type, against tetracyclines , against erythromycin-like macrolides, against chloramphenicol and against ampicillin (Diversity a ong Multidrug-Resistant Enterococci, Barbara E. Murray, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol. 4, No. 1, January-March 1998).
- Peptides with antimicrobial properties are produced by a wide variety of animal and plant species, in which they participate in non-specific defense mechanisms against infections (Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms, Zasloff M., Nature Vol. 415, Jan 2002, 389-395).
- Insects have in particular developed an effective defense system against microorganisms. This immune response is largely based on the rapid and transient synthesis of antimicrobial peptides with a broad spectrum of activity (Antimicrobial peptides in insects; structure and function, Bulet P. and al., Dev. Comp. Immunol. 23, 1999, 329-344).
- Antimicrobial peptides in insects which have properties against Gram-positive bacteria, there are in particular cecropins, defensins, thanatin and moricin.
- Cecropins are peptides isolated from Diptera and Lepidoptera which have a three-dimensional structure of the type comprising 2 amphipatic helices (Amphipatic, ⁇ -helical antimicrobial peptides, Tossi A., Sandri L., Giangaspero A., Biopolymers, Vol. 55 , 4-30 (2000); WO 89/00194).
- Insect defensins are peptides isolated from various orders of insects which have a three-dimensional structure of the type comprising an ⁇ helix and 2 antiparallel ⁇ strands linked by 3 disulfide bridges (EP 0349451; WO 90/13646; EP 0546213 ; FR 2695392; EP 0607080; WO 97/02286).
- Thanatin is a peptide isolated from the hemiptera Podisus maculiventris which has a three-dimensional structure of the ⁇ -hairpin-like type comprising two antiparallel ⁇ strands linked by a disulfide bridge (WO 99/24594).
- Moricin is a peptide isolated from the lepidoptera of the Bombycidae family, Bombyx ori (JP 08119995; JP 11215983). Among the peptides previously listed, none has been described as having activity against Gram-positive bacteria of the genus Enterococcus.
- the technical problem posed by the present invention consists in characterizing new compounds having antifungal and / or antibacterial properties and more particularly against Gram-positive bacteria of the genus Enterococcus responsible for serious opportunistic infections in humans and / or animals.
- antibacterial is meant according to the present invention, any molecule having bacteriostatic and / or bactericidal properties.
- antifungal is meant according to the present invention, any molecule having fungistatic and / or fungicidal properties.
- amino acids are represented by their one-letter code, but they can also be represented by their three-letter code according to the nomenclature below.
- the Applicant has now isolated, purified and characterized new peptides from the hemolymph of immune larvae of the Lepidopteran of the family Nymphalidae, Caligo illioneus (FIG. 1).
- Lepidoptera of the family Nymphalidae have a daytime activity and are characterized by the presence of antennae ending in club shape, bright colors with patterns and vertical wings at rest.
- the peptides isolated by the Applicant from the hemolymph of immune larvae of the Lepidopteran Caligo illioneus correspond to formula (I): Xaa-Lys-Ile-Pro-Xab-Ala-Xac-Lys-Gly-Ala-Xad-Arg -Ala-Leu- Xae-Ala-Ser-Thr-Ala-Xaf-Asp-Ile-Ala-Xag-Phe-Xah-Arg-Lys- Arg-Xai (I) in which,
- Xaa is - H2 or the peptide residue Arg or Gly
- Xab is the peptide residue Ile-Asn or Val-Glu
- Xac is the Ile-Lys, Ile-Arg or Leu-Lys peptide residue
- Xad is the peptide residue Ser-Arg-Ala-Trp, Lys-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Gly-Leu or Lys-Val-Ala-Gly-Arg-Ala-Trp
- Xae is the peptide residue Asp-Leu, Asn-Ile or
- Xaf is the peptide residue Tyr or His
- Xag is the peptide residue Ser-Ile, Ser-Ala or His-Leu
- Xah is the peptide residue Asn, Asp or His
- Xai is —OH or the peptide residue Glu, Asn or Lys-His.
- the main subject of the present invention therefore is an isolated peptide corresponding to formula (I): Xaa-Lys-Ile-Pro-Xab-Ala-Xac-Lys-Gly-Ala-Xad-Arg-Ala-Leu- Xae-Ala -Ser-Thr-Ala-Xaf-Asp-Ile-Ala-Xag-Phe-Xah-Arg-Lys- Arg-Xai (I) in which Xaa, Xab, Xac, Xad, Xae, Xaf, Xag, Xah and Xai are as defined above, its derivatives and its fragments.
- the formula (I) corresponds to the sequence SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing in the appendix.
- the present invention relates more particularly to an isolated peptide corresponding to one of the following sequences:
- peptides of the invention Mention may be made, as derivatives of the peptides of the invention, of the peptides which exhibit a post-translational modification and / or chemical modification, in particular glycosylation, amidation, acylation, acetylation, methylation as well as the peptides which carry a protective group.
- protective group means any group making it possible to avoid the degradation of said peptides.
- the derivatives of the peptides of the invention may also be those in which one or more amino acids are enantiomers, diastereoisomers, natural amino acids of conformation D, rare amino acids in particular 1 hydroxyproline, 1 hydroxylysine, allo- hydroxyl sine, 6-N-methyl sine, N-ethylglycine, N- methylglycine, N-ethylasparagine, allo-isoleucine, N-methylisoleucine, N-methylvaline, pyroglutamine, aminobutyric acid and synthetic amino acids, especially ornithine, norleucine, norvaline, cyclohexyl-alanine and omega-amino acids.
- the derivatives also cover retropeptides and retro-inversopeptides, as well as peptides in which the side chain of one or more of the amino acids is substituted by groups which do not modify the antimicrobial activity of the peptides of the invention.
- fragments of the peptides of the invention are meant fragments of at least 5 amino acids which exhibit antimicrobial activity.
- the antimicrobial activity of the derivatives and fragments of the peptides of the invention can be demonstrated using the in vitro tests described below in Example 4.
- the invention also relates to a polypeptide comprising a peptide of the invention.
- the invention more particularly contemplates a polypeptide comprising a peptide of the invention, one and / or the other of the ends of said peptide comprising one or more amino acids necessary for its expression and / or its targeting in a host organism.
- the invention also relates to an isolated polynucleotide encoding a peptide or polypeptide of the invention.
- polynucleotide according to the present invention means a nucleic sequence of DNA or RNA type, preferably DNA, in particular double strand.
- the invention also relates to isolated polynucleotides which comprise modifications at the level of one or more nucleotides resulting from the degeneration of the genetic code and which encode the same amino acid sequence of the peptides or polypeptides of the invention.
- the invention also covers isolated polynucleotides encoding the peptides or polypeptides of the invention and capable of hybridizing under stringent conditions to said peptides or polypeptides.
- stringent condition according to the present invention means the conditions taught by Sambrook et al. (Molecular cloning, 1989, Noland C. ed., New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press).
- the invention also covers the nucleotide sequences complementary to the isolated polynucleotides defined above as well as the corresponding RNAs.
- the invention also relates to a chimeric gene comprising at least, operatively linked, a constitutive or inducible promoter functional in a host organism, a polynucleotide encoding a peptide or a polypeptide of the invention and a functional terminator in an organism. host.
- operatively linked together means elements linked together so that the operation of one of the elements is affected by that of another.
- a promoter is operably linked to a coding sequence when it is able to affect the expression of the latter. All the regulatory elements of transcription, the translation and maturation of peptides or polypeptides that the chimeric gene can understand is known to those skilled in the art and the latter is able to choose them according to the host organism.
- the chimeric gene may in particular comprise, as an additional regulatory element, sequences coding for a signal or transit peptide so as to direct the secretion of the peptide or polypeptide of the invention in the host organism.
- sequences are preferably the pre-BGL2 and pro sequences of MF 1 which allow the secretion of the peptide or polypeptide of the invention directly into the culture medium.
- the chimeric gene may further include sequences encoding an endoprotease to increase proteolytic activity in the host organism during the secretion process.
- these sequences are preferably the sequences of the KEX2 gene coding for the endoprotease yscf which makes it possible to cleave the pro sequence of the pre-pro-peptide of the invention during the secretion process.
- the invention also relates to a cloning and / or expression vector characterized in that it contains a polynucleotide or a chimeric gene according to the invention for transforming a host organism and expressing in the latter a peptide or polypeptide of the invention .
- the vector can be a plasmid, a cosmid, a bacteriophage or a virus, in particular a baculovirus.
- the vector is advantageously a vector with autonomous replication comprising elements allowing its maintenance and its replication in the host organism as an origin of replication.
- the vector may include elements allowing its selection in the host organism, for example a gene for resistance to a compound.
- the vector can also be a shuttle vector comprising elements allowing its maintenance and its replication in each of the host organisms and elements allowing its selection in each of the host organisms.
- Such cloning and / or expression vectors are well known to those skilled in the art and widely described in the literature.
- the invention also relates to a host organism transformed with a vector of the invention.
- host organism according to the present invention is meant any single or multicellular organism, lower or higher, in which a polynucleotide or a chimeric gene of the invention is introduced for the production of a peptide or polypeptide of the invention .
- the host organism is a microorganism such as a yeast, a bacterium or a fungus. The transformation of such microorganisms makes it possible to produce the peptides or polypeptides of the invention on a semi-industrial or industrial scale.
- bacteria the invention more particularly contemplates the bacteria of the species Escherichia coll.
- the invention more particularly contemplates a yeast of the genus Saccharomyces, preferably of the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae, of the genus Kluyveromyces, preferably of the species Kluyveromyces lactis, of the genus Hansenula, preferably of the species Hansenula polymorpha, of the genus Pichia, preferably of the species Pichia pastoris or of the genus Schizosaccharomyces, preferably of the species Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
- the invention envisages more particularly the filamentous fungus of the species Aspergillus nidulans.
- the host organism is an animal, in particular an arthropod cell (for example a Spodop t era f ugiperda or Trichoplusia ni cell) or a mammalian cell.
- an arthropod cell for example a Spodop t era f ugiperda or Trichoplusia ni cell
- the host organism is a plant cell or a plant.
- plant cell is meant, according to the present invention, any cell originating from a plant and which may constitute undifferentiated tissues such as calluses, differentiated tissues such as embryos, parts of plants, plants or seeds.
- plant is meant according to the invention, any differentiated multicellular organism capable of photosynthesis, in particular monocotyledons or dicotyledons, more particularly crop plants intended or not for animal or human food.
- the peptides of the invention are also useful for conferring on plants a character of resistance to bacterial and / or fungal diseases.
- the invention therefore also relates to a plant cell or a plant resistant to bacterial and / or fungal diseases comprising a polynucleotide or a chimeric gene of the invention and expressing a peptide or polypeptide of the invention.
- the peptides or polypeptides of the invention can also be chemically synthesized according to techniques known to those skilled in the art.
- the peptides of the invention have been tested for their antimicrobial activities.
- Tables 1 and 2 below show the in vitro antibacterial activities (IC90 ⁇ g / ml) and the in vitro antifungal activities (MIC ⁇ g / ml) of the peptides of the invention, respectively.
- the peptides of the invention are preferably active against Gram-positive bacteria and more particularly against bacteria of the genus Enterococcus.
- the invention therefore also aims to take advantage of the antimicrobial properties of the peptides of the invention to prevent and / or treat bacterial and / or fungal infections both in humans and animals and in plants.
- the invention therefore advantageously relates to the use of the peptides of the invention as medicaments in human and animal therapy. It also relates to the use of the peptides of the invention for the treatment of plants against bacterial and / or fungal infections, by applying said peptides directly to the plants.
- the invention therefore relates to an antibacterial composition
- an antibacterial composition comprising as active agent at least one peptide of the invention advantageously combined in said composition with an acceptable vehicle.
- the antibacterial composition may further include another antibacterial agent.
- the antibacterial agent is preferably chosen from ⁇ -lactams and more particularly penicillins, methicillin, cephalosporins and monobactams; aminoglycosides and more particularly streptomycin, gentamicin, neomycin, tobramycin, netilmycin and amikacin; tetracyclines and more particularly minocycline and doxycycline; sulfonamides and trimethoprime; fluoroquinolones and more particularly ciprof loxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin; macrolides and more particularly erythromicin, azithromycin and clarithromycin; quinolones and more particularly ciprof loxine; polymyxins; glycoproteins and more particularly vancomycin and
- the invention also relates to an antifungal composition
- an antifungal composition comprising, as active agent, at least one peptide of the invention advantageously combined in said composition with an acceptable vehicle.
- the antifungal composition may further comprise another antifungal agent.
- the antifungal agent is preferably chosen from polyene derivatives and, more particularly amphotericin B, nystatin and pimaricin; azole derivatives and more particularly ketoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, econazole, butoconazole, oxiconazole, sulconazole, tioconazole, terconazole, fluconazole and itraconazole; allyl-thiocarbamates and more particularly tolnaftate, naftifine and terbinafine; 5-f luorocytosine; echinocandins; griseof ulvine; ciclopirox; and haloprogin.
- vehicle is meant according to the present invention, any substance which is added to the peptide (s) of the invention to promote the transport of the peptide (s), avoid its substantial degradation in said composition and preserve its antimicrobial properties.
- the vehicle is chosen according to the type of application of the composition. In particular, when the composition is applied to pharmaceutical use in human and animal health, the vehicle is a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle suitable for administration of the peptide of the invention by topical route, per os or by injection. When the composition is applied for cosmetic use, the vehicle is a cosmetically acceptable vehicle suitable for administration to the skin or the integuments. When the composition is applied to an agrochemical use, the vehicle is an agrochemically acceptable vehicle suitable for administration on plants or near plants without degrading them.
- the peptides or the composition of the invention are also of interest in the food industry. Their use makes it possible in particular to prevent contamination by bacteria, yeasts and / or fungi during the manufacture of food products and after their manufacture for their preservation.
- the peptides or the composition of the invention can also be used for the manufacture of phytosanitary products in place of the usual products.
- FIG. 1 represents the Lepidoptera Caligo illioneus (family of Nymphalidae; subfamily of Brassolinae) from which the peptides of the invention were isolated.
- Example 1 Isolation of the peptides ETD-P1646, ETD-P1647 and ETD-P1648 from the hemolymph taken from immune larvae of the Lepidopteran Caligo illioneus. 1) Induction of the biological synthesis of antimicrobial substances in the hemolymph of Caligo illioneus.
- the last larvae of the last stage of the Lepidopteran Caligo illioneus were immunized by injection of a PBS solution containing Gram positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), spores of filamentous fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus) and yeasts (Candida albicans).
- the bacteria are prepared from cultures carried out in Luria-Bertani medium for 12 hours at 37 ° C.
- the yeasts are prepared from cultures carried out in the middle of Sabouraud for 12 hours at 30 ° C.
- the spores of A. fumigatus are taken from a frozen stock at -80 ° C.
- the animals thus infected were kept for 24 hours on their host plant, in a ventilated space. Before the removal of the hemolymph, the larvae were cooled on ice.
- the plasma of C. illioneus was acidified to pH 3 with a 1% trifluoroacetic acid solution (volume by volume) containing aprotinin (20 ⁇ g / ml in final concentration) and phenylthiourea (concentration 40 ⁇ M final).
- the extraction of the peptides under acid conditions was carried out for 30 min with light stirring in an ice-water bath. The extract obtained was then centrifuged at 4 ° C for 30 min at 10000g.
- Second step the 60% elution from the solid phase extraction described above containing the peptide was fractionated by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a column Interchim TM brand semi-preparative, Modulocart Uptiprep type, size 250 x 10 mm, porosity 300 A and particle size 15 ⁇ m with C8 grafting.
- the fractionation was carried out with an acetonitrile gradient / 0.05% TFA against H 2 O / 0.05% TFA from 5 to 60% in 50 minutes at a constant flow rate of 2.5 ml / min.
- the fractions were collected automatically (Gilson TM collector type FC 204) in the first 80 wells (columns A to J) of a 96-well plate (Maximum capacity of each well: 2 ml). The collection is done per unit of time and the volume collected is approximately 1.6 ml. The collected fractions were dried under vacuum, reconstituted with ultrapure water and analyzed for their antimicrobial activities using the tests described below. The step was repeated once in order to obtain larger active fractions.
- Second step fractions 37 and 45 from the previous step having activity against Gram-positive bacteria in the purification steps described above, eluted with a percentage of acetonitrile equal to 30 and 35 respectively, were purified so finer on a C18 reverse phase grafting analytical column of the Modulocart Uptisphere type (Interchim TM, 250 x 4.6 mm, 300 A and 5 ⁇ m), using a linear two-phase gradient of acetonitrile / 0.05% TFA against H 2 O / 0.05% TFA.
- the gradient used ranges from 2 to 26% (31%) in 10 min and from 26 (31%) to 34% (39%) in 45 min, with a constant flow rate of 0.8 ml / min.
- the fractions were collected manually by following the change in absorbance at 225 nm.
- the fractions collected were dried under vacuum, reconstituted with ultrapure water and analyzed for their activities against Gram-positive bacteria in the conditions described below. The activity was found in certain sub-fractions of the fractions described above.
- Third step the fractions described above, containing the peptides, were purified to homogeneity on a reverse phase column of Interchim TM brand of the Modulocart Uptisphere type (C18 grafting, 3 A particle size, size 150 ⁇ 2 mm) in using a linear two-phase gradient of acetonitrile / 0.05% TFA against H 2 O / 0.05% TFA (gradient depending on the percentage of elution of acetonitrile from the sub-fraction to be purified), with a constant flow rate of 0, 2 ml / min at a controlled temperature of 30 ° C.
- the fractions were collected manually by following the change in absorbance at 225 nm.
- the collected fractions were dried under vacuum, reconstituted with filtered ultrapure water and analyzed for their activities against Gram positive bacteria.
- Example 2 Structural characterization of the peptides ETD-P1646, ETD-P1647 and ETD-P1648.
- the purity check was carried out on a MALDI-TOF Bruker Biflex mass spectrometer (Bremen, Germany) in positive linear mode (see section 3 below).
- the mass measurements were carried out on a MALDI-TOF Bruker Biflex mass spectrometer (Bremen, Germany) in positive linear mode.
- the mass spectra were calibrated externally with a standard mixture of peptides of known m / z, respectively 2199.5 Da, 3046.4 Da and 4890.5 Da.
- the different products to be analyzed were deposited on a thin layer of ⁇ -cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid crystals obtained by rapid evaporation of a saturated solution in acetone. After drying under a slight vacuum, the samples were washed with a drop of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid before being introduced into the mass spectrometer.
- the difference in mass observed between the S-pyridylethylated peptide and the native peptide makes it possible to determine the number of cysteine residues present in each of the peptides.
- the peptide fragments were separated by reverse phase HPLC on a column of Interchim TM brand of the Modulocart Uptisphere type (C18 grafting, particle size 3 ⁇ , size 150 ⁇ 2 mm) with a linear gradient of acetonitrile / 0.05% TFA against H 2 O / 0.05% TFA from 2 to 60% in 80 min with a flow rate of 0.2 ml / min and a constant temperature of 37 ° C.
- the fragments obtained were analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and the peptide corresponding to the C-terminal fragment was sequenced by Edman degradation.
- the primary sequence of the ETD-P1646 peptide is represented in the sequence list in the appendix under the number SEQ ID NO: 2.
- the molecular mass of the native ETD-P1646 peptide is 4383 Da and the molecular mass of the ETD-P1646 S peptide pyridylethylated is 4384 Da.
- the primary sequence of the ETD-P1647 peptide is represented in the annexed sequence list under the number SEQ ID NO: 3.
- the molecular mass of the ETD-peptide Native P1647 is 4202 Da and the molecular weight of the peptide ETD-P1647 S-pyridylethylated is 4205 Da.
- the primary sequence of the ETD-P1648 peptide is represented in the annexed sequence list under the number SEQ ID NO: 4.
- Native P1648 is 4408 Da and the molecular weight of the peptide ETD-P1648 S-pyridylethylated is 4410 Da.
- Example 3 Production of the peptides ETD-P1646, ETD-P1647 and ETD-P1648.
- ETD-P1646, ETD-P1647 and ETD-P1648 have been synthesized chemically (Altergen).
- Antibacterial activities were assessed in vitro by determination of IC90 (Growth Inhibition ⁇ 90%). The tests were carried out on the following bacterial strains:
- -Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (strain 21; Gift of the Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, France), Enterococcus faecalis (clinical strain 17; Gift of Dr. G. Prevot, Institute of Bacteriology, France) and Enterococcus faecium (clinical strain 18; Gift of Dr. G. Prevot, Institute of Bacteriology, France); - Gram negative bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gift of the Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, France). All these strains are sensitive to the antibacterials commonly used in hospitals. a) Preparation of the bacterial suspensions.
- a 4 ml preculture in LB medium was prepared by seeding a colony of the bacterial strain of interest.
- the preculture was incubated at 35-37 ° C with shaking for 6 h.
- the concentration of the preculture was evaluated by measuring the optical density at 600-620 nm according to the relation bacterial density ⁇ f (OD).
- the concentration was adjusted by dilution so as to obtain a suspension of 2.10 6 / ml in final concentration.
- the concentration of the bacterial suspension was checked by enumeration of the Colony Forming Units (CFU).
- the bacterial suspension at 2.10 6 / ml was diluted in cascade (10 _1 , 10 "2 , 10 " 3 , ...
- the IC90s were determined by a liquid test in 96-well microplates. 100 ⁇ l of test sample were distributed in duplicates so as to obtain a range of final concentrations from 64 to 0.125 ⁇ g / ml in the wells. 100 ⁇ l of bacterial suspension at 2.10 6 / ml was added to each well so as to obtain a final concentration of 10 6 / ml. The microtiter plates were incubated at 30-35 ° C for 16-18 h.
- the IC90 corresponds to the well where the percentage of growth is less than or equal to 10%.
- the results of the antibacterial activities (IC90) are presented in Table 1 exposed in the description. 2) Antifungal tests.
- the antifungal activities were evaluated in vitro by determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC).
- MIC Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
- Candida albicans IHEM 8060 strain; Gift of Dr. H. Koenig, Civil Hospital, France
- Candida glabrata patient strain 1; Gift of Dr. H. Koenig, Civil Hospital , France
- filamentous fungi Aspergillus fumigatus (strain GASP 4707; Gift of Dr. H. Koenig, Hôpital civil, France).
- a) Preparation of fungal suspensions a-1) Preparation of yeast suspensions. A yeast loop taken from a stock of yeasts suspended at 4 ° C. was spread on a Sabouraud Agar agar plate. The dish was incubated at 30 ° C for 24 to 48 hours. A few yeast colonies were collected and suspended in 10 ml of liquid Sabouraud medium. The yeast suspension obtained, which must be “milky”, has been diluted (1 ml qs 10 ml of Sabouraud medium). The concentration of the suspension was evaluated by measuring the optical density at 600 nm according to the relationship 0.1 OD at 600 nm corresponds to 2.5 ⁇ 10 6 yeasts / ml.
- the concentration was adjusted by dilution so as to obtain a suspension of 2.5 ⁇ 10 3 / ml of final concentration.
- the concentration of the yeast suspension was checked by enumeration of the Colony Forming Units (CFU).
- CFU Colony Forming Units
- the 2.5.10 3 / ml yeast suspension was cascaded (10 _1 , 10 "2 , 10 " 3 , ... 10 "6 ) then 100 ⁇ l of each dilution were spread on Sabouraud agar dishes. The dishes were incubated at 30 ° C for 24 hours then the CFUs a-2) Preparation of suspensions of filamentous fungi.
- the fungi were seeded on malt agar plates which were incubated 5 to 7 days at 37 ° C.
- the spores formed were collected and suspended in YPG medium.
- the concentration of the suspension was evaluated by counting an aliquot on a counting slide (Coverslide). The concentration was adjusted by dilution so as to obtain a suspension of 5.10 3 / ml of final concentration. b) Determination of MICs.
- the MICs were determined by a liquid test on 96-well microplates according to the M27-A and M38-P protocols of the "National Committee for Clinical Standard" (NCCLS) with the difference that the RPMI-1640 medium suggested by the NCCLS protocol was replaced by Sabouraud medium (Biomérieux) for the tests on yeasts and by YPG medium (1 g peptone, 1 g yeast extract, 3 g glucose per liter) for the tests on filamentous fungi. The activities of the test samples were determined for the range of final concentrations 0.125 to 64 ⁇ g / ml.
- b-1 Determination of MICs on yeasts.
- the optical density of the microplates was measured at 600 nm with a spectrophotometer for microplates after 24 and 48 hours of incubation for yeasts of the genus Candida.
- MICs were defined according to the following scores: MIC 0:% shoots ⁇ 10%; MIC 1: 10% ⁇ % sprout ⁇
- MIC was determined in the score interval MIC 0 and MIC 2.
- b-2) Determination of MIC on filamentous fungi. The MIC is determined by reading the microplates with the naked eye after 48 hours of incubation for Aspergillus fumigatus.
- MICs were defined according to the following scores: MIC 0: no trace of fungi at the bottom of the well; CMI 1: a point at the bottom of the well; MIC 2: mushrooms on half the surface of the well; CMI 3: three quarters of the well is occupied by the fungus;
- MIC 4 whole well overgrown with fungi. The MIC was determined in the score interval MIC 0 and MIC 2. The results of the antifungal activities (MIC) are presented in Table 2 set out in the description.
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FR0210278A FR2843591B1 (fr) | 2002-08-13 | 2002-08-13 | Peptides antimicrobiens, polypeptides comprenant lesdits peptides, genes codant lesdits peptides, vecteurs, organismes transformes et compositions les contenant |
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CN113461777A (zh) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-10-01 | 安徽农业大学 | 一种具有抗真菌作用的抗菌肽及其制备方法和应用 |
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FR2723951A1 (fr) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-01 | Agric Forestry & Fisheries | Peptide, agent antibacterien contenant ce peptide, gene de ce peptide, adn recombine contenant ce gene et procede de preparation de ce peptide. |
-
2002
- 2002-08-13 FR FR0210278A patent/FR2843591B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2003
- 2003-08-12 WO PCT/FR2003/002517 patent/WO2004016650A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
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FR2723951A1 (fr) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-01 | Agric Forestry & Fisheries | Peptide, agent antibacterien contenant ce peptide, gene de ce peptide, adn recombine contenant ce gene et procede de preparation de ce peptide. |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
HARA S & YAMAKAWA M: "Moricin, a Novel Type of Antibacterial Peptide Isolated from the Silkworm, Bombyx mori", THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 270, no. 50, 15 December 1995 (1995-12-15), pages 29923 - 29927, XP002079760 * |
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CN113461777A (zh) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-10-01 | 安徽农业大学 | 一种具有抗真菌作用的抗菌肽及其制备方法和应用 |
CN113461777B (zh) * | 2021-08-17 | 2023-02-28 | 安徽农业大学 | 一种具有抗真菌作用的抗菌肽及其制备方法和应用 |
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