WO2003034573A1

WO2003034573A1 - Winding structure of rotary electric machine

Info

Publication number: WO2003034573A1
Application number: PCT/JP2002/010357
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hitoshi Watanabe; Hidekazu Uchiyama
Original assignee: Mitsuba Corporation
Priority date: 2001-10-10
Filing date: 2002-10-04
Publication date: 2003-04-24
Also published as: JPWO2003034573A1; CN1568566A; JP4248400B2; CN1301582C

Abstract

A start power generator which comprises four three-phased coils (1a-1d) and functions as a starter motor and power generator has the winding of the start power generating coil (1d) to be used when the start power generator functions both as a power generator and as a motor equally disposed between the start-only coils (1a-1c) to be used only when a rotary electric machine functions as the motor. For power generation, only the start power generating coil (1d) is used. At this time, powers generated by the start power generating coil (1d) cancelled each other because of the equal arrangement of windings, so that magnetic balances are equalized during power generation.

Description

Specification

'' Winding structure of rotating electric machine

5 Technical fields

The present invention relates to a winding structure of a rotating electric machine functioning as a motor and a generator, and more particularly to a technique effective when applied to a starting generator used in an engine for a small motorcycle and a general-purpose engine.

10 Background technology

Motors and generators have the same basic configuration as a rotating electric machine, and there are many machines that share both functions. For example, in small motorcycles, engine generators, etc., a starter that doubles as a starter motor for starting the engine and a generator for generating power driven by the engine is often used. .

However, in such a starting generator, there is a difference between the performance required as a motor and the performance required as a generator.If the motor output is increased with priority given to starting the engine, there is a problem that the power generation capacity becomes excessive. . For this reason, it has been proposed to separately set a plurality of sets of coils for motor and power generation, and to switch between them as appropriate to achieve a balance between both motor and power generation characteristics.

For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-159951 describes a starting power generator in which a motor coil and a power generating coil are separately provided, and each of the coils is used only for starting and for generating only. In the device disclosed in this publication, a starting coil (motor coil) is wound around the teeth protruding from the stator core, and a power generating coil is wound around the outside. Beginning

25 The moving coil and the generating coil are used separately. After the engine is started using the starting coil, power is generated by the generating coil. Power generation coil every other tooth

■ It is arranged so that the current flow and the amount of heat generated during power generation are suppressed compared to the case where all the teeth are wound.

In addition, some coils are used for motor and power generation, and multiple coils are used for motors. There are many starting generators that can be used and divided for electricity. For example, when a three-phase four-pair coil is used, such a starting generator is usually connected as shown in Fig. 2 (a). In this case, when the motor function is used, output is secured using all the coils 1a to 1d, and when power is generated, power is generated using only the coil 1d. That is, during power generation, only the coil 1d painted black functions, and the other coils 1a to lc are open. Therefore, in such an arrangement, only the coil 1d among the coils rotating in the magnetic field receives the braking force, so that the magnetic balance is deteriorated and the noise and vibration problems such as the magnetic noise and the eccentricity of the rotor are generated. there were.

On the other hand, in an apparatus as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-159951, arranging the generating coils equally does not cause a problem that the magnetic balance becomes unbalanced, and there is no mention of the magnetic balance in this publication. However, in the starting generator having such a configuration, since the starting coil and the generating coil are arranged side by side in the radial direction, there is a problem that the outer diameter of the stator core becomes large and the entire device becomes large.

An object of the present invention is to improve the magnetic balance during power generation of a rotating electric machine that functions as a motor and a generator, and to reduce magnetic noise and vibration. Another object of the present invention is to reduce the size of the device while improving the magnetic balance. Disclosure of the invention

A winding structure of a rotating electric machine according to the present invention is a winding structure of a rotating electric machine including a plurality of sets of polyphase coils and functioning as a motor and a generator, and is used when the rotating electric machine functions as a motor. It is characterized by having a motor coil, and a power generating coil in which windings of each phase are equally divided between the motor coil and used when the rotating electric machine functions as a generator.

In the present invention, since the windings of the power generation coil are equally spaced between the motor coils, the forces generated by the windings of the power generation coil during power generation cancel each other out. For this reason, the magnetic balance at the time of power generation is equalized, and the magnetic noise and the eccentricity of the rotor caused by the poor balance can be suppressed, and the noise and vibration of the starting generator can be reduced.

In the winding structure of the rotating electric machine, windings of each phase of the motor coil are arranged adjacently. Then, a set of windings may be formed, and the windings of each phase of the power generation coil may be arranged between the windings, thereby providing a space-efficient motor coil and A generator coil can be arranged. In addition, the power generation coil may be a motor power generation / use coil that is used even when the rotating electric machine functions as a motor, whereby the use efficiency of the coil can be improved and the number of coils can be reduced. And, by improving the space efficiency and the coil use efficiency, or a synergistic effect thereof, it becomes possible to reduce the size of the rotating electric machine. Note that the motor coil may be a motor-specific coil used only when the rotating electric machine functions as a motor.

In the winding structure of the rotating electric machine, the rotating electric machine may include a three-phase four-set coil including three sets of the motor coil and one set of the power generation coil. In addition, in the winding structure of the rotating electric machine, the rotating electric machine is connected to a crankshaft of the engine, functions as a starter motor when the engine is started, and functions as a generator after the engine is started. It may be a starting generator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a circuit configuration of a starting generator using a winding structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams showing a winding structure of a coil in the starting generator shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2A shows a conventional ordinary winding structure, and FIG. 2B shows a winding structure of the starting generator. hand! / Puru.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which two coils of three phases are arranged in a winding structure according to the present invention. '

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example in which three sets of five coils are arranged in a winding structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which three sets of six coils are arranged in a winding structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which two sets of five-phase coils are arranged in a winding structure according to the present invention. It is.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which three sets of five-phase coils are arranged in a winding structure according to the present invention.

8A and 8B are explanatory diagrams showing an example in which four sets of five-phase coils are arranged in a winding structure according to the present invention. FIG. 8A shows a case in which five-phase four-tar coils are connected in parallel. Shows a case where four sets of five-phase coils are connected in parallel two sets at a time. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(Embodiment 1)

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The rotating electric machine according to the present embodiment is a starting generator that also functions as an engine starting device (starter) and a power generating device (ACG). The rotating electric machine is integrally combined with an engine and used for a motorcycle or an engine generator. You. The starting generator has a configuration in which a rotor having a permanent magnet is disposed around a stator around which a coil is wound, and the rotor is directly connected to a crankshaft of the engine. When the engine is started, the coil on the stator side is energized to function as a starter motor. After the engine is started, the permanent magnet rotates to generate an electromotive force in the coil and function as a generator. The starting generators are classified into inner rotor type and outer rotor type depending on whether the rotor or the stator is disposed outside, but the starting generator of the present invention is not limited to any type. Applicable.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a circuit configuration of a starting generator using a winding structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Here, on the stator side, a winding section 1 is provided with coils (polyphase coils) 1a to 1d in which three-phase windings of u, V, and W are connected in a star shape. In this winding section 1, the coils 1a to 1d are connected to each other in parallel. In the present embodiment, the coil 1 d among the coils of the winding unit 1 is a starting power generating coil (power generating coil) used both at the time of starting and at the time of power generation. In contrast, the coil 1 _a through i _c of rest has a starting dedicated coils used only at start-up (Motakoi Honoré).

The winding part 1 is formed by using FETs (semiconductor elements) 2 a to 2 f as shown in FIG. It is connected to a control system (control means) 5 equipped with an inverter (inverter circuit) 3 consisting of a bridge circuit formed. The inverter 3 is a rectifier that rectifies the current generated by the coils 1 a to ld, such as an energization control function that supplies current to the coils 1 a to ld to form a rotating magnetic field based on the detection result of a rotor position sensor (not shown). It has six field-effect transistors FET 2a to 2f and six parasitic diodes 6a 'to 6f connected in parallel to them.

In this impeller 3, each of the three bridge columns has high-side FETs 2a, 2c, and 2e and low-side FETs 2b, 2d, and 2f connected in series. In this case, FETs 2a, 2c, and 2e are commonly connected to the power supply potential connected to the note 7. FETs 2b, 2d and 2f are commonly connected to the ground potential. Each phase of the coils 1a to 1d is connected to each connection node between each FET 2a, 2c 2e and each FET 2b, 2d, 2f in each bridge row. In other words, a U-phase coil is connected between FETs 2a and 2b, a V-phase coil is connected between FETs 2c and 2d, and a W-phase coil is connected between FETs 2e and 2f. The gates of the FETs 2 a to 2 f are connected to a three-phase bridge driver 8. :

In the control system 5, on the High side of the inverter 3, an output monitoring circuit 9 for monitoring the rectified output voltage is provided. Further, a CPU 10 that controls the three-phase bridge driver 8 and the like based on the monitoring result is provided at a stage subsequent to the output monitoring circuit 9. The FETs 2 a to 2 f are gate-controlled by the three-phase bridge driver 8 based on a command from the CPU 10.

On the other hand, relays (switch means) 4 a to 4 c are interposed between the winding part 1 and the inverter 3. As shown in FIG. 1, relays 4a and 4b are arranged between FETs 2c and 2d and the V-phase coils of coils 1a to 1d, and relay 4c is connected to FETs 2e and 2f. And coils 1 a to ld are disposed between the W-phase coils. In this case, relay 4a is between the V-phase coil of coil 1d and FETs 2c and 2d, and relay 4b is the V-phase coil of coils 1a to lc at the subsequent stage of the V-phase coil of coil 1d. Is connected to. The relays 4a to 4c are arranged in a normally open state. Here, as described above, the coils 1a to 1d are usually connected as shown in Fig. 2 (a). In such an arrangement, the magnetic balance during power generation is poor, and noise and vibration problems such as magnetic noise and eccentricity of the rotor occur. Therefore, in the starting generator, the connection of the coil 1d is divided into three equal parts between the coils 1a to 1c as shown in Fig. 2 (b) to equalize the magnetic balance. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the coils la to ld are such that the windings of each phase are wound around adjacent slots to form a set of windings, respectively. The windings of the U, V, and W phases are individually arranged between these winding groups. The windings of coils 1a to ld are all arranged at equal intervals (30 ° pitch)

In this case, when the rotor rotates, the coils 1 a to ld in the rotating magnetic field are affected, but during power generation, since the coils 1 a to lc are in the open state, no braking force is generated by them. . On the other hand, since coil 1d is used for power generation, a braking force is generated by coil 1d in a direction that hinders the rotation of the rotor due to the generation of electromotive force. However, in the coil 1d, since the windings of each phase are equally arranged between the winding groups, the forces generated by the windings cancel each other. For this reason, in the winding structure, the magnetic balance during power generation is equalized, and the magnetic noise and vibration are reduced.

In addition, since the coil 1d is dispersedly arranged between the coils 1a to 1c, the power generating coil is disposed between the winding groups of the motor coil, and the motor coil and the power generating coil can be disposed with good space efficiency. Furthermore, since the coil 1d is a coil for motor power generation, the coil can be used without waste, the number of coils can be reduced, and the size of the device can be reduced in conjunction with the improvement in space efficiency. It is planned.

Next, the operation of such a starting generator will be described. First, when starting the engine, first, all the relays 4 a to 4 c are turned ON, and the winding 1 and the inverter 3 are connected. Then, set the start switch (not shown) to 〇N. At this time, the starting generator is configured as a brushless motor, and power is supplied from the battery 7 to the U, V, and W phases of the coils 1 a to ld by the three-phase bridge driver 8, which are sequentially excited. Is done. This drives the rotor, rotates the crankshaft and starts the engine. In other words, when starting the engine, a starter motor is configured using all the coils la to ld to satisfy the motor performance. ' After starting the engine, turn off relays 4b and 4c and turn on only relay 4a. As a result, the coils 1 a to 1 lc are disconnected from the inverter 3, and the starting generator is configured as a power generator using the coil 1 d. In this case, since the starting generator uses a relay as a switch means for turning off the coils 1 a to lc, the coils 1 a to 1 c are physically completely separated from the inverter 3. As a result, even if power generation is excessive when all the coils 1a to 1d are used to generate power, only the coil 1d is used during power generation and the amount of power generation is suppressed.

On the other hand, the coil 1d during power generation generates braking force as described above, but the windings of each phase must be equally divided between the winding groups as shown in Fig. 2 (b). Thus, the starting generator also maintains a good magnetic balance during power generation. For this reason, magnetic noise and eccentricity of the rotor due to poor balance can be suppressed, and noise and vibration of the starting generator can be reduced.

(Embodiment 2)

Further, as a second embodiment, an example in which the number of coil sets is different in the same three-phase rotating electric machine as the first embodiment will be described. Fig. 3 shows three-phase two sets (six slots), Fig. 4 shows three-phase five sets (15 slots), and Fig. 5 shows three-phase six sets (18 slots) in a winding structure according to the present invention. It is an explanatory view showing an example.

In the winding structure shown in Fig. 3, two sets of three-phase coils are connected in parallel, and the windings U, V, and W of each phase of the starting coil 11 are equally spaced at intervals of 120 degrees. You. Then, the windings of each phase of the starting power generation coil 12 are equally disposed between them. In the case of Fig. 4, five sets of three-phase coils are connected in parallel, and three sets of starting-dedicated coils 13a to 13c, which are equally divided, are placed between the winding groups. The two sets of starting coils 14a and 14b are equally divided. Furthermore, in the case of Fig. 5, three sets of six sets of coils are connected in parallel, and two sets are equally divided into two sets. Starting generator coils 16a and 16b are equally divided. In this case, as shown by the broken line, the starting coils 15a and 15b and the starting coils 15c and 15d may be set as a set, and three parallel wirings may be used.

(Embodiment 3)

Further, as a third embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the present invention is applied to a five-phase rotating electric machine. An example in which is applied. Fig. 6 shows coils of 5 phase 2 sets (10 slots), Fig. 7 shows coils of 5 phase 3 sets (15 slots), and Fig. 8 (a) and (b) show coils of 5 phases 4 sets (20 slots). FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example in which a winding structure according to the present invention is arranged.

In the winding structure shown in Fig. 6, two sets of five-phase coils are connected in parallel, and the windings U, V, W, X, and Y of each phase of the starting coil 17 are equally divided at intervals of 72 degrees. Will be arranged. The windings of each phase of the starting coil 18 are equally spaced between them. In the case of Fig. 7, three sets of five-phase coils are connected in parallel, and two sets of windings for each of the starting coils 19a and 19b and one set of the starting power generating coil 20 are provided. The windings of each phase are arranged equally. Further, in the case of Fig. 8 (a), four sets of five-phase coils are connected in parallel, and three sets of starting coils 21a to 21c are wound in each phase, and one set of starting generating coils The windings of each phase of 2 2 are arranged equally. On the other hand, in the case of Fig. 8 (b), four sets of five-phase coils are connected in parallel two by two, and the winding group of the coils 23a and 23b for starting and the starting coils 24 The winding groups a and 24b are equally spaced.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which only the coil 1d is used as the starting power generating coil. However, other coils may be appropriately used as the starting power generating coil according to the required power generation amount. Also, the coil 1d is used as a coil for both starting and power generation, but it may be used as a coil exclusively for power generation. Further, as the second and third embodiments, examples in which the present invention is applied to three-phase and five-phase windings are shown. However, the application of the present invention is not limited to these. It can also be applied to objects with a large number of sets (multi-slots).

According to the winding structure of the rotating electric machine of the present invention, in a rotating electric machine including a plurality of sets of polyphase coils and functioning as a motor and a generator, the rotating coil used when the rotating electric machine functions as a generator is used. Since the windings are arranged equally between the motor coils used when the rotating electric machine functions as a motor, the forces generated by the windings of the generating coils during power generation cancel each other out. This makes it possible to equalize the magnetic balance during power generation. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the magnetic noise and the eccentricity of the rotor due to the deterioration of the balance, and it is possible to reduce the noise and vibration of the starting generator. Further, according to the winding structure of the rotating electric machine of the present invention, by arranging the windings of each phase of the power generation coil between the winding groups of the motor coil, the motor coil and the power generation coil can be arranged with good space efficiency. This makes it possible to reduce the size of the rotating electric machine. Furthermore, by using the power generation coil as a motor power generation coil, the use efficiency of the coil can be improved, and the number of coils can be reduced and the rotating electric machine can be downsized.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A winding structure of a rotating electric machine having a plurality of sets of polyphase coils and functioning as a motor and a generator,

A data coil used when the rotating electric machine functions as a motor, and windings of each phase are equally disposed between the motor coils, and are used when the rotating electric machine functions as a generator. A winding structure for a rotating electric machine, comprising a generating coil.

2. The winding structure of a rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the windings of the respective phases of the motor coil are arranged adjacent to each other to form a set of windings, and the winding of the power generating coil is arranged in front of the windings of the respective phases. A winding structure for a rotating electric machine, wherein the winding structure is arranged between the winding groups.

3. The winding structure of a rotating electric machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power generating coil is a motor power generating coil used even when the rotating electric machine functions as a motor. Winding structure.

4. The winding structure of a rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the motor coil is used only when the rotating electric machine functions as a motor. Winding structure.

5. The winding structure of the rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rotating electric machine includes four sets of three-phase coils, and the coil includes three sets of the motor coils and one set of coils. A winding structure for a rotating electric machine, comprising the power generation coil.

6. The winding structure for a rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the rotating electric machine is connected to a crankshaft of an engine, and functions as a starter motor when the engine is started. The winding structure of a rotating electric machine, which is a starting generator that functions as a generator after the engine has started.