WO2002046558A1

WO2002046558A1 - Mountable actuator in a wall opening for the closures of a vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2002046558A1
Application number: PCT/EP2001/013580
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wolfgang Uwe Spies
Original assignee: Huf Hülsbeck & Fürst Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2000-12-04
Filing date: 2001-11-22
Publication date: 2002-06-13
Also published as: CN1318718C; BR0115835A; EP1339931A1; CN1479833A; CZ20031545A3; AU2002221883A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a housing (21) for mounting in a wall opening (11) in order to actuate the closures of a vehicle. According to the invention, a flexible spacer (23) is arranged between the housing (21) located on the external side of the wall (12) and a supporting pressure element (22) on the internal side of the wall (13) when mounting. Tensioning elements (24) act on the pressure element (22) and, when mounted, are screwed against the housing (21) via the wall (10). The invention also relates to a unit (20.1) formed by the housing (21), the spacer (23), the pressure element (22) and the tensioning elements (24) which can be inserted together in the wall opening (11) from the external side of the wall (12). After insertion, the pressure element (22) engages with the interior of the wall from the rear. When the tensioning elements (24) are activated, the unit (20.1) becomes blocked against the wall (10).

Description

Actuators for locks in the vehicle that can be mounted in a wall opening

The invention is directed to an actuator of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1. An important field of application for such actuators is the tailgate of motor vehicles. The outer skin of the tailgate then forms the "wall" and this wall has a wall opening in which - from the outside of the wall - a housing is mounted which contains the shunt actuator.

In the known actuator of this type (DE 19 33 996 U), which served as a short circuit for a trunk lid, a housing plate of this closure was placed on the outside of the body. A nut plate was placed on the inside of the body and screws were screwed into its nut thread. The screws were passed from the outside of the body through openings in the housing plate, penetrated holes in the body and, after tightening, supported themselves on the outside with their screw heads and washers. As a result, the body panel was clamped between the outside housing plate on the one hand and the inside nut plate. Such an attachment of the actuator is reliable. Merging the

Housing plate from the outside and the nut plate acting as a pressure element from the inside had to be in line with each other. This requires a corresponding observation of the movements on opposite sides of the wall.

The housing plate and the nut plate had to be defined together

Positions are brought in to be able to insert and tighten the screws.

Only then is there cohesion between the housing plate located on the outside of the wall and the nut plate arranged on the inside.

The screws can only be tightened when these elements are in the correct position for the wall opening.

Actuators of this type are known in various other designs which have similar disadvantages. For example, in vehicle hoods (DE 19 34 870 A), where a closure part fastened to the body in a corresponding manner interacts with a locking pin located on the hood. Furthermore, in the form of a pressure-actuated locking cylinder (DE 44 08 910 AI), the cylinder housing of which was fastened to the inside of the tailgate panel, while a housing cladding was pressed against the outside. Finally, a lock bolt on the door was assigned to a lock integrated in the post of the vehicle (EP 0 712 985 AI), which was fastened to a door panel by screws. The locking bolt was seated on an outer plate, which was screwed into a counter plate using two screws. As a result, the door panel came to lie sandwiched between the outer plate and the counter plate.

The invention has for its object to simplify the above-mentioned cumbersome handling when assembling such actuators, this is achieved according to the invention by the measures specified in claim 1, which have the following special meaning.

The solution uses a pre-assembled unit that is handled as a whole. During assembly, the tension member integrated in the structural unit is inserted from the outside of the wall through the wall opening until it engages behind the inside of the wall with its pressure parts. During this assembly phase, the pressure element is kept at a distance from the housing in the structural unit. Is made possible this through a resilient spacer that is between the housing and the

Pressure member is arranged and when installing one opposite the

Wall thickness ensures sufficient spacing of these elements. When tightening the

However, the distance between the clamping devices is reduced according to the wall thickness. The

The clamping device can be tightened from the inside of the wall.

The measures mentioned in FIGS. 4 to 6 not only facilitate handling, but also ensure the theft-proof fastening of the structural unit in the wall opening. This is explained in more detail in the description below.

Further embodiments and Norteile of the invention are mentioned in the dependent claims, specified in the description and can be seen from the drawings. The invention is shown in several exemplary embodiments in the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1 schematically, in an axial section, the wall with the

Wall opening on the one hand and a structural unit before its assembly,

Fig. 2, in a representation corresponding to FIG. 1, in the

Wall opening inserted module, but before the clamping device is activated,

3 shows the actuator inserted in FIG. 2 after the clamping means have been activated, the course of the axial section being shown by the jumped section line III-III of FIG. 4,

Fig. 4 is a rear view of the actuator attached to the wall of

3 in the direction of the arrow IV there,

5 to 8 show a modified embodiment of the unit, in a representation analogous to the sections, views and mounting positions as in Fig. 1 to 4, Fig. 9, a perspective view from the inside of the wall, a concrete version of the unit during its

Plug-in installation through a wall opening,

Fig. 10, schematically in perspective view of the

Inside of the wall, a third embodiment of the actuator,

11 shows a longitudinal section through the actuator shown in FIG. 10 along the section line XI-XI there,

Fig. 12, schematically and in a longitudinal section seen from the section line XII of Fig. 13, a fourth embodiment of the assembly according to the invention during the first phase of its insertion into a wall opening and

Fig. 13, in the direction of arrow XIII of Fig. 12, a rear view of the assembly shown in Fig. 12 from the inside of the wall.

An actuator, not shown, is located in a housing 21, of which only one plate is shown in the diagram of FIG. 1. It is now important to attach this actuator in an opening 11 of a wall 10, which e.g. is the sheet metal of the tailgate of a motor vehicle. To this end, the invention proposes a special structural unit 20.1.

The assembly 20.1 consists of the housing 21 already mentioned and a pressure member 22, which is likewise plate-shaped here, between which a flexible spacer 23 is arranged, which in this case consists of a compression spring. Several of these spacers 23 can be provided. In the present case, the assembly 20.1 also includes two screws 24 which fulfill a multiple function.

The screws 24 initially ensure the cohesion of the above-mentioned components 21 to 23. The screws 24 penetrate a hole 15 in the shaft 25 with their plate-shaped pressure member 22 and engage with their threaded ends in a nut thread 26 in the housing 21. The pressure member 22 expediently has four support feet 27 on its inside facing the housing 21.

In the event of disassembly, the screws 24 serving as clamping means are only tightened to such an extent that the spring 23 between the housing 21 and the pressure member 22 in the area of the support feet 27 is at an initial distance 16.1 which is greater than the wall thickness 14 in the area of the wall opening 11. The spring 23 is under a pretension which exerts a force 17 which acts on the pressure member 22 with respect to the housing 21 in the push-away direction.

The assembly 20.1 is now inserted from the outside 12 of the wall 10 in the direction of the arrow 18. 4, the pressure member 22 has an outer contour 29 which is dimensioned smaller in at least one direction than the boundary edge 19 of the wall opening 11 is profiled. In the present case, the outline 29 of the pressure member 22 is similar to the profile of the boundary edge 19, but is somewhat smaller on all sides. This enables a straight insertion 18 through the wall opening 11 until the pressure member 22 reaches the opposite wall inside 13. The outer contour of the housing 21 is in any case dimensioned at least in some areas significantly larger than the edge profile of the wall opening 11, so that the housing 21 comes into contact with the outside of the wall 12 after it has been inserted.

After the insertion 18, which runs in parallel, there is a transverse displacement of the structural unit 20.1, illustrated by the movement arrow 28 in FIG. 1, until the intermediate position shown in FIG. 2 is reached. This two-phase movement sequence 18, 28 can be referred to as a bayonet-like movement of the structural unit 20.1. During this transverse displacement 28, the plate-shaped pressure member 22 with its support feet 27 reaches edge regions outside the wall opening 11, as can be seen particularly well from FIG. 4. With this transverse displacement 28, the housing 21 still covers the wall opening 11 on the viewing side 12. If the tensioning means 24 are effectively set in this intermediate position of FIG. 4, then the pressure member 22 is pressed against the housing 21 in the direction of the movement arrows 30 and, in accordance with FIG. 3, the wall 10 is clamped in between. Then it is between the support feet 27 and the housing 21 in front of an end distance 16.2, which corresponds essentially to the wall thickness 14. The effectiveness of the here as

Screws 24 designed clamping means takes place by rotation 31 by means of a

Turning tool from the inside wall 13. The resilient spacer 23 deforms in the process. The assembly 20.1 is firmly seated on the wall 10. The housing 21 remains on the outside 12 of the wall.

In the present case, the wall opening 11 is tailored, as shown in FIG. 4, it comprises an enlarged head region 32 and a narrower foot region 33. The outer contour 29 of the plate-shaped pressure member 22 is designed analogously to this opening profile 19. 4 shows the rear view of the wall in the fastening state of the structural unit 20.1. For clarification, those areas of the rear side 64 of the housing 21 are highlighted by dot hatching which are visible in the rear view of FIG. 4 through the remaining parts of the wall opening 11. 4 also shows four support feet, two of which are arranged in the lower region of the head 32, at the transition point to the foot region 33 and the other two at the lower end of the foot region 33. It is therefore sufficient, during the assembly movement, only a short transverse displacement 28 to reach the desired end position according to FIG. 2. This can be determined by stops which limit the movement 28. In the assembly case of FIG. 3, a clamping and clamping counterforce, illustrated by arrows 34, 35 in FIG. 3, is generated in the structural unit 20.1 via the clamping means 24.

5 to 8 show a modification 20.1 'of the structural unit described above, specifically in representations and positions which correspond to those of FIGS. 1 to 4. As far as there are correspondences, the same reference numerals are used, which is why the previous description applies. It is only sufficient to deal with the differences.

5, two lugs 71, 72 are provided on the rear side 64 of the housing 21, which can be formed in one piece therewith and are located in the lower region 65 or upper region 66 of the rear side 64 of the housing. The lower extension 71 has a wedge shape and defines one against the inner surface 67 of the pressure member 22 there directed wedge surface 73. The upper shoulder 72, however, creates one against the

Rear of housing 64, rear undercut 74.

6, the still loosely inserted structural unit 20.1 is supported with the wedge surface 73 on the outer edge 68 of the wall opening 11. The upper extension 72 can still lie with play to the opening contour 19. By means of the support at 68, 73, the insertion position of the structural unit 20.1 is determined beforehand after the small transverse movement 28; the unit 20.1 'does not fall out of its own accord.

If, during the rotary actuation 31 of the tensioning means 24, the housing approaches the outside of the wall 12, the wedge surface 73 slides along the outer edge 68 of the opening in the direction of its attachment point, marked 75 in FIG. 6. As a result, the structural unit 20.1 'is raised in the direction of the arrow 70 in FIG. 6. The upper shoulder 72 moves increasingly behind the inside of the wall 13. Its undercut 74 slides along the inner edge 69, which has an inclination opposite to the wedge surface 73.

The state of attachment of the structural unit 20.1 'is illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8. 8, in analogy to FIG. 4, both the rear of the housing 64 and the rear of the upper attachment 72 are highlighted by means of dot hatching, insofar as it is visible on the inside 13 of the wall. In the case of attachment, the lower extension 71 moves into a cutout 76 of the pressure member 22. The approach 72 is supported on the inside of the wall 13 and therefore ensures a particularly secure pressure position of the housing 21 on the outside of the wall 12. If unauthorized persons carry out manipulations at the location marked 77 on the attached structural unit 20.1 'of FIG. 7, this unsuccessful. The assembly 20.1 'is not only supported in the lower and middle area on the mentioned support feet 27, but also engages behind the upper edge area of the wall opening 11 with the undercut surface 74. The assembly 20.1 is well secured.

FIG. 9 shows the specific embodiment of the structural unit 20.2 on the basis of a second exemplary embodiment, specifically in one of FIG. 2 of the preceding one Embodiment 20.1 corresponding intermediate position. Analog components are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the first exemplary embodiment, which is why the previous description applies to this extent. It just suffices for that

To make differences. All that can be seen from the housing is a flange 36 that comes to rest on the outside of the wall 12, one of which, the wall opening

1 1 penetrating sleeve 37 goes out. The sleeve 37 serves to receive a

The lock cylinder. The pressure member 42 is provided with an opening 40 which gives the plate-shaped end of the pressure member 42 a U-shape with two legs 41.

The profiles 19, 29 already described in connection with the first structural unit 20.1 are present here. At the points mentioned there are also support feet 27 at the pressure member 42.

9, two helical compression springs 43 are provided as elastic spacers, the helix of which is penetrated by the tensioning means, which is likewise designed here as a screw 24. The nut threads for the screws 24 are located in bolts 38 which protrude from the front housing flange 36 and penetrate the wall opening 11 in the case of assembly. The bolt ends are offset and protrude into the inside of the compression springs 43. The compression springs are supported on the ends of the bolts 38.

In the third exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 10 and 11, a structural unit 20.3 is shown, where instead of a pressure member, two members 45 which are movable in opposite directions are provided. The links 45 are guided between a base plate 44 and a cover plate 46 so that they can move transversely to the aforementioned insertion direction. The links 45 have a wedge surface 47 which is inclined to the insertion direction 18 and with which they face away from one another. Between the two links 45 there is an expansion spring 48 which strives to load the two links in the expansion direction in the direction of the arrows 50. Below the base plate 44 there is again a flexible spacer 49, which is designed here as a leaf spring. The leaf spring 49 is supported at one end on the housing 21 and the base plate 44, which is only indicated as a plate. A head screw 39, which passes through the stacked elements 46, 45, 44, 49 and is screwed into a threaded receptacle 26 of the housing 21, serves as the clamping means here. In this case as well, the housing 21 has a housing sleeve 37, which has one from FIG. 10 recognizable section interspersed in the aforementioned stack of elements. The

Stack can also be provided with side guide plates 58 for the two links 45. The overall dimension 63.1 of these wedge members 45 is in the

Normally larger than the clear width of the wall opening 1 1.

In Fig. 1 1, the intermediate position of this assembly 20.3 is shown on the wall 10 indicated only by dash-dotted lines. When inserting 18 through the wall opening 11, the wedge surfaces 47 move towards one another against the force load 50 acting on them and fall below the clear dimension in the wall opening 11. When the two wedge surfaces 47 reach the inside wall 13, they become due to the forces acting on them Spreading force 50 pushed apart again and then engage with their end zones 57 behind the edge regions around the wall opening 11. In this case, a bayonet-like movement of the structural unit 20.3 is unnecessary; the rear grip is created automatically during the insertion movement 18. Then only the clamping means, namely the cap screw 39, need be tightened with respect to the housing 21.

Instead of displaceable links, pivotable links could also be used in a modified version of the structural unit 20.3. These links could then be pivoted on pivot axes which are positioned on the rear of the housing 21 and fit through the wall opening 11. Sloping surfaces on the pivotable links could then act like links 45.

12 and 13 show a fourth exemplary embodiment of a structural unit 20.4 which is located in an intermediate position corresponding to FIG. 2 of the first exemplary embodiment. In this case too, the same reference numerals as in the first exemplary embodiment are used to designate analog components, which is why the previous description applies to this extent. It is only sufficient to deal with the differences.

Only one outer plate 21 of the housing 21 is also shown, which is supported on the outside wall 12 during the insertion movement 18 of the structural unit 20.4 through the wall opening 11. There is also a plate-like one in this case Pressure member 52, which has support feet 51 on its side facing the housing 21.

The cohesion of the elements 21, 22 takes place on the one hand by being elastic

Spacers acting leaf springs 53 in the direction of pushing the two

Elements 21, 52 are effective. On the other hand, the cohesion of one

Distance limiting means generated, which here on a on the back of the

Housing 21 seated hook 60 there. This hook 60 penetrates with his

Hook shaft 61 has an opening 54 provided in the pressure member 52

Hook head 62, on the other hand, engages behind the pressure member 52 on its rear side. The

The pressure member 52 and the wall opening 11 have already been described several times

Outline profiles 29 or boundary edges 19, as illustrated in FIG. 9. The

Leaf springs 53 are arranged several times. The support feet 51 are located at the points of these profiles already mentioned several times on the pressure member 52

Dimensions of the profiles 19, 29 are similar in shape, but so far different that the aforementioned insertion movement 18 of the elements 60, 52, 53 of the structural unit 20.4 located on the rear side of the housing 21 is possible through the wall opening 11.

After insertion according to FIGS. 12 and 13, only the pressure member 52 is displaced transversely in the direction of arrow 55 of FIG. 12. The housing 21 does not have to carry out this displacement. For this purpose, the opening 54 in the pressure member 52 is dimensioned sufficiently large and the hook shaft 61 reaches other areas of the opening 54 during the displacement 55. In the present case, the support feet 51 are provided with Aufschaufschiegen 56, as shown in FIG. 12. During the displacement 55, the feet 51 therefore move up over the bevels onto the boundary edges 19 of the wall opening 11 until they come to rest on the inner wall 13 in the edge regions of the opening 11. The bevels 56 can be sufficiently flat so that the pressure member 52 self-locks in the displacement end position. If necessary, safety devices for this displacement end position can be provided on the rear of the housing. List of reference symbols

10 wall

11 wall opening

12 wall outside of 10

13 inside wall of 10

14 wall thickness of 10

15 holes in 22 for 25

16.1 Initial distance between 27, 21

16.2 Final distance between 27, 21

17 Force load from 23 to 22

18 insertion movement of 20, insertion direction

19 boundary edge of 11, opening profile, opening contour

20.1 first version of the structural unit (Fig. 1 to 4) 20.1 'modification of 20.1 (Fig. 5 to 8)

20.2 second version of the structural unit (FIG. 9)

20.3 third version of the structural unit (Fig. 10, 1 1)

20.4 fourth version of the structural unit (FIGS. 12, 13)

21 housing of 20

22 pressure member of 20

23 spacers between 21, 22, spring

24 clamping devices of 20, screw

25 shaft of 24

26 nut threads from 25 in 21

27 support foot on 22

28 transverse displacement of 20

29 outline of 22

30 pressure movement of 22 (Fig. 2)

31 rotary actuation of 24 (FIG. 2)

32 head area of 11 (FIG. 4)

33 foot area of 1 1 (FIG. 4) 4 Clamping force (Fig. 3) 5 Clamping counterforce (Fig. 3) 6 Housing flange (Fig. 9) 7 _ Housing sleeve (Fig. 9) 8 Bolt (Fig. 9) 9 Cap screw (Fig. 10, 11) 0 Breakout ( Fig. 9) 1 U-leg of 42 (Fig. 9) 2 U-shaped pressure member (Fig. 9) 3 coiled compression spring (Fig. 9) 4 base plate (Fig. 10) 5 slide, wedge member (Fig. 10) 6 Cover plate (Fig. 10) 7 wedge surface on 45 (Fig. 10) 8 spreading spring between 45 (Fig. 10) 9 spacer, leaf spring (Fig. 1 1) 0 arrow of the spreading force of 45 (Fig. 11) 1 support foot on 52 ( Fig. 12, 13) 2 pressure element, slide (Fig. 12, 13) 3 leaf spring (Fig. 12, 13)

54 breakthrough in 52 (Fig. 12, 13) 5 arrow of pushing movement of 52 (Fig. 12)

56 run-on slopes at 51 (Fig. 12)

57 end zone at 45 (FIG. 11)

58 side guide plate for 45 (Fig. 10)

59 detail (FIG. 10)

60 distance limiting means, hook (Fig. 12, 13)

61 hook shaft of 60 (Fig. 12, 13)

62 hook head of 60 (Fig. 12, 13)

63.1 dimension of 45 in the normal case (Fig. 1 1)

64 housing rear of 21 (Fig. 4, 5)

65 lower area of 64 (FIG. 5)

66 upper area of 64 (FIG. 5) Inside of 22 (Fig. 5) outer edge of 11 (Fig. 5, 6) inner edge of 1 1 (Fig. 7) lifting movement of 20.1 '(Fig. 6) first, lower shoulder, wedge second, upper shoulder (Fig. 6 ) Wedge surface of 71 (FIG. 5) undercut of 72 (FIG. 5) attachment of 73 at 64 (FIG. 6) detail in 22 (FIG. 8) manipulations on 20.1 (FIG. 7)

Claims

Claims:

1.) Actuators for closures in vehicles,

with a housing (21) to be mounted from the outside of the wall (12) in front of a wall opening (11), which contains the locking actuator and is supported on the outside of the wall (12) in the case of installation,

with a pressure element (22) which is supported on the inside of the wall (13) in front of the wall opening (11) in the case of assembly,

and with the pressure member (22) with the interposition of the wall (10) against the housing (21) pressing means (24),

characterized by

that a resilient spacer (23) is arranged between the housing (21) and the pressure member (22), the initial spacing (16.0) of which, when disassembled, has an excess compared to the wall thickness (14),

that the housing (21), the spacer (23), the pressure member (22) and the clamping means (24) form a preassembled unit (20.1, 20.2, 20.3, 20.4), the pressure member (22) from the outside of the wall (12) can be inserted (18) through the wall opening (11),

the pressure member (22) having a smaller dimension than the inside width (19) of the wall opening (11) at least when passing through the wall opening (11), but engaging behind the inside of the wall (13) after insertion (18),

and that when the tensioning means (24) are actuated, the initial spacing (16.1) of the spacer (23) in the structural unit (20.1, 20.

2, 20.

3, 20.

4) is reduced to a final distance determined by the wall thickness (14). ) Beta tiger according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer (23) consists of a spring (23)

) Beta tiger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the clamping means (24) also ensure the cohesion of the individual elements (21, 22) of the structural unit (20 1)

) Beta tiger according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that

that the housing (21) has a wedge surface (73) in its lower region (65) and an undercut (74) in its upper region (66) on the rear side (64) directed against the pressure member (22),

that the wedge surface (73) has an inclination pointing in the insertion direction (18) and the undercut (74) has a profile pointing in the opposite direction,

that when the assembly (20 1 ') is inserted, the wedge surface (73) on the outer edge (68) of the lower wall opening boundary (19) is supported, while the undercut of the inner edge (69) faces the wall opening boundary,

and that upon actuation (31) of the clamping means (24) the wedge surface (73) on the outer edge (68) of the one wall opening boundary (19) in the direction of the attachment point (75) of the wedge surface (73) slides along the housing and thereby Unit (20 1 ') in the direction of the other boundary (69) of the wall opening (11) moves,

while the undercut (74) moves increasingly behind the upper wall opening boundary (69) and engages behind it

5.) Actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that the wedge surface (73) and / or the undercut (74) alternatively or additionally sit on the inside (67) of the pressure member (22) directed against the housing (21).

6.) Actuator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cohesion of the elements (21, 52) of the structural unit (20.4) on the one hand of the effective in the direction of pushing away, arranged between the housing (21) and the pressure member (52) Spacer (53) and on the other hand is generated by a distance limiting means (60) which defines the maximum distance (16.1) between the housing (21) and the pressure member (52).

7.) Actuator according to claim 6, characterized in that the distance limiting means consists of a hook (60) seated on the housing (21), the hook shaft (51) of which penetrates an opening (54) in the pressure member (52) and whose hook head (62) the pressure member (52) engages behind.

.) Actuator according to one of claims 1 to 1, characterized in that the clamping means consist of a screw (24), the screw head engages behind the pressure member (22),

wherein the shaft (25) of the screw (24) passes through a hole (15) in the pressure member (22) and can be screwed into a nut thread (26) located in the housing (21).

9.) Actuator according to claim 8, characterized in that the spacer consists of a helical compression spring (43)

and that the screw (24) serving as a clamping means axially penetrates the compression spring (43).

10.) Actuator according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pressure member consists of a slide (52) which is displaceable (55) transversely to the direction of insertion (18) of the structural unit (20.4) and at least one run-up slope (56) has,

and that the ramp (51) moves behind the inner wall surface (13) during assembly and is supported on it.

11.) Actuator according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the pressure member consists of at least two members (45) movable transversely to the direction of insertion (18) of the structural unit (20.3),

that the links (45) are force-loaded (50) away from one another and normally assume an expansion position with respect to one another, where the dimension (63.1) in the direction of displacement is greater than the clear width of the wall opening (11),

and that the links (45) are pushed towards one another against their force load (50) when inserted (18) through the wall opening (11) and have a dimension in the direction of displacement that is smaller than the clear width of the wall opening (11) ,

12.) Actuator according to claim 11, characterized in that the links (45) have inclined wedge surfaces (47) on their mutually facing outline regions in the insertion direction (18) of the structural unit (20.3)

and that the wedge surfaces (47) cooperate with the limitation of the wall opening (11) when inserted (18) and are pressed against each other against their force load (50) as long as until they move apart again on the inside of the wall (13) due to their load (50) transverse to the direction of insertion (18).

13.) Actuator according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the housing of the structural unit (20.2) in a flange (36) which is supported on the outside of the wall (12) and in a sleeve (37) penetrating the wall opening (11). is structured

and that the pressure member (42) has a cutout (40) through which the housing sleeve (37) projects when it is installed.

14.) Actuator according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the pressure member (42) of the structural unit (20.2) consists of a plate with a plurality of support feet (27) which are supported after assembly on the inside of the wall (13).

15.) Actuator according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the assembly (20.1) is subjected to a two-stage, bayonet-like movement (18, 28) during assembly,

namely first an insertion movement (18), where the pressure member (22) is moved through the wall opening (11),

and then a displacement (28) where the pressure member (22) is moved transversely to the previous insertion movement (18).

16.) Actuator according to claim 15, characterized in that the boundary edge (19) of the wall opening (11) is divided into two sections with different opening widths, namely in a wide head area (32) and a narrower one

Foot area (33),

and that the outer contour (29) of the pressure member (22) is shaped similar to the opening profile (19).

17.) Actuator according to claim 16, characterized in that the support points (27) on the profiled (29) pressure member (22) on the one hand at the transition between the head region (32) and foot region (33) and on the other hand at the free end of the foot region (33) are arranged.