WO2002038861A1 - Papierstreichmassen enthaltend n-vinylformamid - Google Patents
Papierstreichmassen enthaltend n-vinylformamid Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002038861A1 WO2002038861A1 PCT/EP2001/012685 EP0112685W WO0238861A1 WO 2002038861 A1 WO2002038861 A1 WO 2002038861A1 EP 0112685 W EP0112685 W EP 0112685W WO 0238861 A1 WO0238861 A1 WO 0238861A1
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylformamide Chemical compound C=CNC=O ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 81
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 22
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 15
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 7
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-ethenylphenyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QLAJNZSPVITUCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathietane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OCO1 QLAJNZSPVITUCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OFESGEKAXKKFQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenyl-n-methylformamide Chemical compound C=CN(C)C=O OFESGEKAXKKFQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZMLPKJYZRQZLDA-PHEQNACWSA-N 1-[(e)-2-phenylethenyl]-4-[4-[(e)-2-phenylethenyl]phenyl]benzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMLPKJYZRQZLDA-PHEQNACWSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003797 solvolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylthiol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)S WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
- D21H19/56—Macromolecular organic compounds or oligomers thereof obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H19/58—Polymers or oligomers of diolefins, aromatic vinyl monomers or unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to new paper coating slips.
- the invention further relates to the use of paper coating slips and papers which are coated with these paper coating slips.
- Paper coating slips essentially consist of a mostly white pigment, a polymeric binder and additives which influence the rheological properties of the coating color and the properties of the surface of the coated paper in the desired sense.
- additives are often referred to as "cobinders”.
- the binder fixes the pigments on the paper and ensures the cohesion in the coating obtained.
- Coating with paper coating slips gives raw papers a smooth, uniform white surface.
- the paper coating slips also improve the printability of the paper.
- a variety of different measures can be taken to increase the whiteness of the coated paper. These include, for example, the use of raw paper with the highest possible degree of whiteness, which in turn can be obtained by using starting materials that are as white as possible. Another measure is the selection of white pigments for the paper coating slip. In most cases, however, these measures alone do not meet today's consumer demands for the whiteness of paper. Therefore, so-called “whiteners” (fluorescent or phosphorescent dyes) or “optical heaters” are added to the coating slip. These are dye-like fluorescent dyes that absorb the short-wave ultraviolet light that is not visible to the human eye and emit it again as longer-wave blue light, which gives the human eye a higher whiteness, so that the whiteness is increased.
- Suitable cobinder can be water-soluble polymers, e.g. B. Polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, anionic or non-ionic degraded starches, casein, soy protein and water-soluble styrene-acrylate copolymers (see e.g. KP Kreutzer, basic processes of paper production 2: interface processes when using chemical auxiliaries, H.-G. Völkel and R. réelle (ed.), PTS Kunststoff, 2000, PTS manuscript: ' PTS-GPE - SE 2031-2).
- the activation of the optical brightener is not possible with all water-soluble polymers, e.g. not with certain polysaccharides, e.g. B. dextran, or with anionic polyacrylamides to activate the optical brightener.
- water-soluble polymers which contain cationic groups, in particular amino or ammonium groups e.g. Polyamine / epichlorohydrin or polyamidoamine / epichlorohydrin resins, polyamines or polyethyleneimines not only do not strengthen the whitener, they even deactivate it, so that the brightening is deleted (K. P. Kreutzer, op. Cit., Pp. 8-22).
- polymers or copolymers hereinafter referred to as (co) polymers
- the polymers or copolymers can be subjected to a cleavage in which the carboxylic acid groups (formyl groups) are partly split off before use in a coating slip of the invention.
- the (co) polymers incorporated into the paper coating slip also have the property that they also increase the dry pick resistance and the wet pick resistance of the coated paper, and this also more than other cobinders. It has also surprisingly been found that papers which have been finished with the coating slips according to the invention give a higher gloss than papers with coating slips which contain cobinder according to the prior art.
- the preparation of the polymers of N-vinylformamide which can be used for the coating slips according to the invention has been known for a long time (see, for example, ⁇ P-Bl 71 050, corresponds to US 44 21
- Cationic copolymers which contain N-vinylformamide in copolymerized form can also be used according to the invention.
- cationic copolymers from N-vinylformamide 10 and a water-soluble basic monomer, such as, for example, N-trialkylammonium alkyl acrylamides, N-trialkylammonium alkyl methacrylamides and / or diallyldialkyl ammonium salts, and their use as flocculation and drainage aids for the treatment of waste water and sludge -Bl 464 043 15 (corresponds to US 52 25 088).
- a water-soluble basic monomer such as, for example, N-trialkylammonium alkyl acrylamides, N-trialkylammonium alkyl methacrylamides and / or diallyldialkyl ammonium salts
- diallyldimethylammonium chloride diallyldimethylammonium methosulfate, N- (2-trimethylammonium) ethyl acrylamide methosulfate or 20 N-2- (ethyl-dimethyl) ammonium ethyl methacrylamide ethosulfate or mixtures thereof
- N-vinylformamide 46 as in EP-Bl 46 043 describes and thus obtains cationic copolymers which are suitable for use in the coating colors of the invention.
- split vinylformamides can also be used for the coating slips according to the invention, in which the amino functions released, bound in the polymer, form an ammonium formate with the split-off formic acid.
- Suitable monomers of the onoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids having 3 to 8 carbon atoms and the water-soluble salts of these monomers are: acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, dimethylacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, maleic acid, citraconic acid, methylene malonic acid, allylacetic acid, vinyl acetic acid, crotonic acid, fumaric acid, From this group of monomers, preference is given to using acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid or else mixtures of the carboxylic acids mentioned, in particular mixtures of acrylic acid and maleic acid or mixtures of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. These monomers or mixtures thereof can either be in the form of the free carboxylic acids or be used in partially or completely neutralized form in the copolymerization.
- the weight ratio of vinylformamide to monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid with 3 to 8 carbon atoms and / or their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts in the monomer mixture can vary between 100: 0 and 70:30, with weight ratios between 100: 0 and 80:20, but especially between 100: 0 and 90:10 are preferred.
- Nonionic copolymers of N-vinylformamide with other water-soluble vinyl monomers can also increase the effectiveness of the optical heat-up agent in the paper coating slips of the invention.
- N-vinyl pyrrolidone and other N-vinyl lactams such as e.g. N-vinyl caprolactam
- N-vinyl-N-alkyl carboxamides or N-vinyl carboxamides such as.
- B N-vinyl acetamide, N-vinyl-N-methylformamide and N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide, into consideration. Mixtures of these can also be used.
- N-vinylpyrrolidone is preferred as the monomer.
- composition of the (co) polymers is generally as follows:
- Acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and / or their salts or mixtures thereof 0-30 parts by weight, preferably 1-20, particularly preferably 2-10
- a free-radical (co) polymerization in a solvent or diluent is a common, but not the only method for the preparation of the (co) polymers mentioned above.
- the radical (co) polymerization of such monomers is carried out at ⁇ play, in aqueous solution in the presence of polymerization initiators which decompose into free radicals under polymerization conditions.
- the (co) polymerization can be carried out in a wide temperature range.
- reaction mixture 15 rich, if necessary under reduced or also under increased pressure, generally at temperatures up to 100 ° C.
- the pH of the reaction mixture is usually adjusted in the range of 4 to 10.
- the (co) polymerization can, however, also be carried out in another manner known per se to the person skilled in the art, e.g. as solution, precipitation, water-in-oil emulsion or reverse suspension polymerization. Solution polymerization is preferred.
- the N-vinylformamide is used using radical polymerization initiators, e.g. radical-decomposing azo compounds, such as 2, 2'-azobis (isobutyronitrile), 2, 2 'azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrate chloride or 4,' azobis (4 'cyan) -pentanoic acid) (co) polymerized.
- radical-decomposing azo compounds such as 2, 2'-azobis (isobutyronitrile), 2, 2 'azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrate chloride or 4,' azobis (4 'cyan) -pentanoic acid) (co) polymerized.
- the compounds mentioned are mostly used in the form of aqueous solutions, the lower concentration due to the amount of water which is acceptable in the (co) polymerization and the upper concentration due to the solubility of the compound in question in water.
- the concentration is generally 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 1.0 to 10% by weight, based on the solution.
- the amount of initiators is generally 0.1 to 40 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the monomers to be (co) polymerized. Several different initiators can also be used in the (co) polymerization.
- solvents or diluents which can be used are water, alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, n- or iso-propanol, n- or iso-butanol, or ketones, such as acetone, ethyl methyl ketone, diethyl ketone or iso-butyl methyl ketone.
- the (co) polymerization can be carried out in the presence of polymerization regulators such as hydroxylammonium salts, chlorinated hydrocarbons and thio compounds such as e.g. tert-Butyl mercaptan, thioglycolic acid, ethyl acrylate, mercaptoethynol, mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, dodecyl mercaptan, tert-dodecyl ercaptan or alkali metal hypophosphites.
- these regulators e.g. B. in amounts of 0 to 0.8 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the monomers to be (co) polymerized, by which the molecular weight of the resulting (co) polymer is reduced.
- ionic and / or nonionic emulsifiers' and / or protective colloids or stabilizers as surface-active compounds.
- the (co) polymerization gives (co) polymers of different molecular weights, which are described in EP-Bl 71 050 and subsequently with the aid of the K values according to Fikentscher (measured in 0.5% by weight aqueous cook - Saline solution at 25 ° C) is characterized.
- (Co) polymers with a high K value, e.g. above 80, are preferably prepared by (co) polymerizing the N-vinylformamide in water.
- (Co) polymers with a high K value and high molecular weights are also obtained, for example, by (co) polymerizing the monomers in the form of reverse suspension polymerization or by (co) polymerizing the monomers by the water-in-oil polymerization method.
- saturated hydrocarbons for example hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, decalin or aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene and cumene
- the ratio of oil phase to aqueous phase in the reverse suspension polymerization is, for example, 10: 1 to 1:10.
- (Co) polymer with a low K value, for example below 80 is obtained if the (co) polymerization is carried out in the presence of polymerization regulators or in a solvent which regulates the (co) polymerization, for example alcohols, such as methanol, Ethanol, n- or iso-propanol, or ketones, such as acetone, ethyl methyl ketone, diethyl ketone or iso-butyl methyl ketone.
- polymerization regulators for example alcohols, such as methanol, Ethanol, n- or iso-propanol
- ketones such as acetone, ethyl methyl ketone, diethyl ketone or iso-butyl methyl ketone.
- K values with low molecular weights and correspondingly low K values continue to be obtained .
- the molecular weight of the (co) polymers which can be used according to the invention is not restricted, but it should not be too high so that the coating slip does not become too high in viscosity.
- (Co) polymers with K values between 10 and 80 are preferred, with K values between 30 and 70 being particularly preferred.
- vinylformamide-containing (co) polymers can be used both in partially or completely cleaved and in uncleaved form. A degree of hydrolysis of between 0 and 30% is preferred, particularly preferably between 0 and 20% and very particularly preferably between 0 and 10%.
- the type of waste cleavage of the formyl group is not limited, it may for example be effected in the presence of acid or base, forthcoming 'Trains t is the' cleavage in the presence of bases such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, ammonia or amines.
- Partial hydrolysis for example of a copolymer containing (meth) acrylates and vinylformamides in copolymerized form, can give rise to amphoteric (co) polymers.
- Cationic copolymers of vinyl formamide can be obtained particularly simply by hydrolytically cleaving homopolymers of vinyl formamide with defined amounts of acid or base to the desired degree of hydrolysis, as described in EP-Bl 071 050.
- the resulting amino groups on the polymer chain are more or less protonated depending on the pH of the solution and thus give the polymer a more or less cationic character.
- the formyl group is split off in the hydrolysis at temperatures in the range from 20 to 200, preferably 40 to 180 ° C., if appropriate in the presence of acids or bases.
- the hydrolysis is preferably carried out in the temperature range from 70 to 90 ° C.
- About 0.05 to 1.5 equivalents of an acid, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, are required for the acid hydrolysis per ' formyl group equivalent in the poly-N-vinylformamide.
- the pH in acidic hydrolysis is in the range from 2 to 0, preferably from 1 to 0.
- the hydrolysis proceeds much faster than that of (co) polymers of other N-vinylcarboxamides, such as, for example, B. of N-methyl-N-vinylformamide, and can therefore be carried out under gentler conditions, ie at lower temperatures and without a large excess of acids.
- the hydrolysis of the formyl groups of the poly-N-vinylformamide can also be carried out in an alkaline medium, e.g. in the pH range from 11 to 14 .
- This pH is preferably adjusted by adding sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution.
- ammonia, amines and / or alkaline earth metal bases are used for alkaline hydrolysis.
- 0.05 to 1.5, preferably 0.4 to 1.0 equivalents of a base are used.
- the cleavage can also be carried out at high temperatures, for example above 100 ° C, preferably 120 to 180 ° C, particularly preferably 140 to 160 ° C in the presence of a solvent, e.g. Water can be carried out without acid or base. This is preferably carried out under conditions above the critical point, for example with supercritical water.
- a solvent e.g. Water
- Water can be carried out without acid or base. This is preferably carried out under conditions above the critical point, for example with supercritical water.
- hydrolysis i.e. the formyl group is split off from the poly-N-vinylformamide in water in the presence of acids or bases, and formic acid or salts of formic acid are obtained as a by-product.
- the solutions obtained can be used without further work-up, but the hydrolysis or solvolysis products can also be separated off.
- the solutions obtained are treated, for example, with ion exchangers.
- the residue separated from the hydrolysis products can then be incorporated into the coating slips.
- the amount of (co) polymers of vinylformamide that is added to the paper coating slip according to the invention depends on the amount of the brightener in the coating slip. Normally, 0.2 to 2 parts by weight of optical brightener per 100 parts by weight of pigment are added to the coating slip. Of the (co) polymer, the same to five times the amount of the optical brightener is usually added to the coating slip, ie 0.2 to 10 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 8 and particularly preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight.
- the paper coating slips according to the invention preferably contain at least one optical brightener.
- the coating compositions of the invention are processed completely analogously to the processing of coating colors according to the prior art, e.g. according to "The Essential Guide to Aqueous Coating of Paper and Board", T.W.R. Dean (ed.), Published by the Paper Indus-
- the paper coating slips according to the invention also contain at least one white pigment and at least one binder.
- the paper coating slips can also contain further constituents known to the person skilled in the art.
- Flow aids wetting aids for the pigments etc.
- optical brighteners which can be used in conjunction with the coating slips according to the invention are not restricted.
- the commercially available stilbene derivatives which are substituted with up to 6 sulfonic acid groups e.g. Blankophor PSG from Bayer AG, or their derivatives, or 4, 4 '-distyryl-biphenyl derivatives can be used.
- the pigments which can be used in the coating slips according to the invention are likewise not restricted.
- satin white calcium carbonate in ground or precipitated form
- barium sulfate in ground or precipitated form kaolin (clay)
- calcined clay talc
- ⁇ 0 kate chalk or coating clay or organic pigments, e.g. B. plastics in particle form can be used.
- the binders ((co) polymeric binders) which can be used in the coating slips according to the invention are likewise not restricted.
- casein, starch, soy protein, carboxymethyl cellulose, alginate and / or polyvinyl alcohol or dispersions which contain acrylic acid, acrylic acid ester, vinyl acetate and / or styrene in polymerized form, for example (co) polymers made from acrylic ester / styrene, styrene / butadiene or vinyl acetate.
- the paper coating slips can also contain, for example, dispersants. Suitable dispersants are polyanions, for example of polyphosphoric acids or of polyacrylic acids (poly salts), which are usually present in amounts of 0.1 to 3% by weight, based on the amount of pigment.
- the constituents are mixed in a known manner, the (co) polymer generally being used in the form of a dispersion, suspension or solution.
- the water content in the paper coating slip is usually set to 25 to 75% by weight, based on the total paper coating slip (including water).
- the paper coating slip can be applied to the papers to be coated by customary methods (cf. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry, 4th edition, vol. 17, pp. 603 ff).
- a thickener can be added.
- conventional organic and inorganic thickeners such as hydroxymethylcellulose or bentonite are suitable as thickeners.
- the paper coating slips are mostly aqueous ' paper coating slips.
- the water content can be adjusted depending on the desired viscosity or flow properties.
- the components can be mixed in a known manner.
- the paper coating slips according to the invention are suitable for coating e.g. of paper or cardboard.
- the paper coating slip can then be applied to the papers or cardboard to be coated by customary methods.
- the papers or cardboards coated with the paper coating slips according to the invention can be prepared in conventional processes, e.g. Offset, letterpress or gravure printing processes can be printed.
- a coating slip with the following composition was produced: 5
- CMC 7L2T carboxymethyl cellulose
- PVFA polyvinylformamide
- the coating colors were applied with a solids content of 68.1% by weight to an oil-free paper with a basis weight of 70 g / m 2 to a coat weight of 16 g / m 2 and then satinized.
- the lightening of the paper was determined according to DIN 53 145, part 2.
- the CIE whiteness of the paper was measured according to ISO 2469.
- the coating slips according to the invention which contain a polyvinylformamide (PVFA), experience a stronger optical brightening and have a higher whiteness according to CIE than the coating slips which contain carboxymethyl cellulose as cobinder according to the prior art. It can also be seen that polyvinylformamides, which are hydrolyzed to a certain extent and are therefore cationic, bring about a higher lightening and CIE whiteness than non-ionic PVFA. In addition, it is seen that the coating compositions which contain a polyvinylformamide properties have both in the dry pick as significantly better in the wet pick resistance egg ', than those which contain CMC as cobinder. Finally, the coating slips according to the invention also give a significantly higher gloss.
- PVFA polyvinylformamide
- a coating slip with the following composition was produced:
- CMC 7L2T carboxymethyl cellulose
- PVFA polyvinylformamide
- Example 1 ben beschrie ⁇ .
- a coating slip with the following composition was produced:
- PVFA polyvinylformamide
- the coating slips were processed as described in Example 1.
- a coating slip with the following composition was produced:
- CMC 7L2T carboxymethyl cellulose
- CMC 7L2T carboxymethyl cellulose
- PVFA polyvinylformamide
- the coating slips were processed as described in Example 1.
- the lightening and whiteness of the satinized paper and their 10 dry and wet picking strengths were determined as described in Example 1.
- PVFA polyvinyl formamide
- HG degree of hydrolysis
- the coating slips were processed as described in Example 1.
- Blister resistance was determined by immersing the coated paper in hot oil (240 ° C). The blistering was rated from 1 (no bubbles) to 6 (very many bubbles).
- a coating slip with the following composition was produced:
- CMC 7L2T carboxymethyl cellulose
- VFA / AS 0.5 part of a copolymer of vinyl formamide and acrylic acid
- the coating slips were processed as described in Example 1.
- a coating slip with the following composition was produced:
- PVFA polyvinyl formamide
- the coating slips were processed as described in Example 1.
- Table 7 shows that the addition of nonionic and cationic polyvinylformamides with a low molecular weight (K value) to coating slips results in papers with greater optical brightening than can be achieved by the addition of co-binders according to the prior art.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Sanitary Thin Papers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE50107224T DE50107224D1 (de) | 2000-11-09 | 2001-11-02 | Papierstreichmassen enthaltend n-vinylformamid |
US10/415,338 US6969444B2 (en) | 2000-11-09 | 2001-11-02 | Paper coating slip containing n-vinylformamide |
EP01993722A EP1337710B1 (de) | 2000-11-09 | 2001-11-02 | Papierstreichmassen enthaltend n-vinylformamid |
CA002428356A CA2428356C (en) | 2000-11-09 | 2001-11-02 | Paper coating slip containing n-vinyl formamide |
JP2002541169A JP2004513262A (ja) | 2000-11-09 | 2001-11-02 | N−ビニルホルムアミドを含有する紙塗工材料 |
AU2002215999A AU2002215999A1 (en) | 2000-11-09 | 2001-11-02 | Paper coating slip containing n-vinyl formamide |
AT01993722T ATE302878T1 (de) | 2000-11-09 | 2001-11-02 | Papierstreichmassen enthaltend n-vinylformamid |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10055592.6 | 2000-11-09 | ||
DE10055592A DE10055592A1 (de) | 2000-11-09 | 2000-11-09 | Papierstreichmassen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002038861A1 true WO2002038861A1 (de) | 2002-05-16 |
Family
ID=7662723
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2001/012685 WO2002038861A1 (de) | 2000-11-09 | 2001-11-02 | Papierstreichmassen enthaltend n-vinylformamid |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6969444B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1337710B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2004513262A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE302878T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2002215999A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2428356C (de) |
DE (2) | DE10055592A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002038861A1 (de) |
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WO2002068549A3 (de) * | 2001-02-23 | 2002-12-12 | Basf Ag | Streichmassen für ink-jet-aufzeichnung |
WO2003022924A1 (de) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-03-20 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Polymerdispersionen mit vinylamid-copolymeren |
WO2006029883A3 (de) * | 2004-09-17 | 2007-02-15 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von ein- oder mehrfach gestrichenen substraten mit einer ein bindemittel vor haftung umfassenden streichfarbenzusammensetzung |
EP1438197B1 (de) * | 2001-09-03 | 2008-10-15 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur erhöhung der weisse von papier mit hilfe von kationischen polyelektrolyten |
US7641765B2 (en) * | 2001-08-13 | 2010-01-05 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for production of coated paper with extreme whiteness |
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DE102004052957A1 (de) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-04 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von gekrepptem Papier |
FR2911884B1 (fr) * | 2007-01-31 | 2010-02-26 | Arjowiggins Licensing Sas | Feuille couchee blanche imprimable par offset et ayant un haut pouvoir de fluorescence et son procede de fabrication |
US20100010153A1 (en) * | 2007-02-08 | 2010-01-14 | Basf Se | Water-soluble binders for paper coating slips |
WO2009004077A1 (de) † | 2007-07-05 | 2009-01-08 | Basf Se | Wässrige anschlämmungen von feinteiligen füllstoffen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung zur herstellung von papieren mit hohem füllstoffgehalt und hoher trockenfestigkeit |
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WO2000068501A1 (de) * | 1999-05-05 | 2000-11-16 | Landqart | Bedruckte sowie bedruckbare substrate |
-
2000
- 2000-11-09 DE DE10055592A patent/DE10055592A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-11-02 US US10/415,338 patent/US6969444B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-02 EP EP01993722A patent/EP1337710B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-02 CA CA002428356A patent/CA2428356C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-02 WO PCT/EP2001/012685 patent/WO2002038861A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-11-02 JP JP2002541169A patent/JP2004513262A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-11-02 DE DE50107224T patent/DE50107224D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-02 AT AT01993722T patent/ATE302878T1/de active
- 2001-11-02 AU AU2002215999A patent/AU2002215999A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US3597314A (en) * | 1967-11-29 | 1971-08-03 | Hoechst Ag | Method of improving the drainage of cellulose fiber suspensions with polymers of n-vinyl-n-methyl-formamide |
EP0251182A1 (de) * | 1986-06-25 | 1988-01-07 | Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation | Vinylamin-Copolymer, Flockungsmittel und Papier Verbesserungsmittel und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
US5026507A (en) * | 1989-05-04 | 1991-06-25 | Westvaco Corporation | Fluorescent whitening agents, products comprising the agent and method of use thereof |
US5145559A (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1992-09-08 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Production of paper, board and cardboard |
US5266078A (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 1993-11-30 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Enhancement of fluorescent whitening agents: water-soluble phosphonates and carboxylates for coating paper |
US5622749A (en) * | 1993-05-08 | 1997-04-22 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Fluorescent whitening of paper |
US5753759A (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1998-05-19 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Graft polymers containing N-vinyl units, their preparation and their use |
DE19727503A1 (de) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-01-07 | Basf Ag | Papierstreichmassen auf Basis von Bindemitteln mit N-Vinylformamidderivaten |
EP1022383A1 (de) * | 1997-09-11 | 2000-07-26 | Hymo Corporation | Behandlungsmittel für eine blattoberfläche und tintenstrahldruckpapier |
WO2000068501A1 (de) * | 1999-05-05 | 2000-11-16 | Landqart | Bedruckte sowie bedruckbare substrate |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002068549A3 (de) * | 2001-02-23 | 2002-12-12 | Basf Ag | Streichmassen für ink-jet-aufzeichnung |
US7641765B2 (en) * | 2001-08-13 | 2010-01-05 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for production of coated paper with extreme whiteness |
EP1438197B1 (de) * | 2001-09-03 | 2008-10-15 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur erhöhung der weisse von papier mit hilfe von kationischen polyelektrolyten |
WO2003022924A1 (de) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-03-20 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Polymerdispersionen mit vinylamid-copolymeren |
WO2006029883A3 (de) * | 2004-09-17 | 2007-02-15 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von ein- oder mehrfach gestrichenen substraten mit einer ein bindemittel vor haftung umfassenden streichfarbenzusammensetzung |
AU2005284219B2 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2011-02-10 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing single or multiply coated substrates with the aid of a coloured coating composition comprising a binding agent for adhesion |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20040020615A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
EP1337710B1 (de) | 2005-08-24 |
AU2002215999A1 (en) | 2002-05-21 |
US6969444B2 (en) | 2005-11-29 |
EP1337710A1 (de) | 2003-08-27 |
DE10055592A1 (de) | 2002-05-23 |
ATE302878T1 (de) | 2005-09-15 |
CA2428356C (en) | 2009-06-16 |
DE50107224D1 (de) | 2005-09-29 |
JP2004513262A (ja) | 2004-04-30 |
CA2428356A1 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
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