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WO2002028837A1 - Metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists - Google Patents

Metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002028837A1
WO2002028837A1 PCT/EP2001/011135 EP0111135W WO0228837A1 WO 2002028837 A1 WO2002028837 A1 WO 2002028837A1 EP 0111135 W EP0111135 W EP 0111135W WO 0228837 A1 WO0228837 A1 WO 0228837A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alkyl
formula
amino
compound
mono
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/011135
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Dominique Jean-Pierre Mabire
Marc Gaston Venet
Sophie Coupa
Alain Philippe Poncelet
Anne Simone Josephine Lesage
Original Assignee
Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to JP2002532423A priority Critical patent/JP2004510764A/en
Priority to HR20030229A priority patent/HRP20030229A2/en
Priority to EEP200300126A priority patent/EE05195B1/en
Priority to CA002421782A priority patent/CA2421782A1/en
Priority to EA200300428A priority patent/EA007464B1/en
Priority to US10/381,987 priority patent/US7115630B2/en
Priority to BR0114253-4A priority patent/BR0114253A/en
Priority to DE60134762T priority patent/DE60134762D1/en
Priority to NZ524945A priority patent/NZ524945A/en
Priority to HU0302167A priority patent/HUP0302167A3/en
Priority to AU2001293847A priority patent/AU2001293847B2/en
Priority to MXPA03002907A priority patent/MXPA03002907A/en
Priority to IL15516301A priority patent/IL155163A0/en
Priority to EP01974298A priority patent/EP1332133B1/en
Application filed by Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. filed Critical Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V.
Priority to PL36067701A priority patent/PL360677A1/en
Priority to SK521-2003A priority patent/SK5212003A3/en
Priority to AU9384701A priority patent/AU9384701A/en
Priority to KR1020037002014A priority patent/KR100818965B1/en
Priority to UA2003032796A priority patent/UA76726C2/en
Publication of WO2002028837A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002028837A1/en
Priority to BG107672A priority patent/BG107672A/en
Priority to IL155163A priority patent/IL155163A/en
Priority to NO20031474A priority patent/NO325079B1/en
Priority to US11/133,678 priority patent/US7629468B2/en

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    • C07D409/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D453/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinuclidine or iso-quinuclidine ring systems, e.g. quinine alkaloids
    • C07D453/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinuclidine or iso-quinuclidine ring systems, e.g. quinine alkaloids containing isoquinuclidine ring systems
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    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D491/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
    • C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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Definitions

  • Group I mGluR antagonists could be therapeutically beneficial in the treatment of central nervous sytem diseases.
  • WO 99/26927 discloses antagonists of Group I mGlu receptors for treating neurological diseases and disorders, based - among others - on a quinoline structure.
  • N-oxide form an N-oxide form, a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, a quaternary amine and a stereochemically isomeric form thereof, wherein X represents O; C(R 6 ) 2 with R 6 being hydrogen, aryl or -ealkyl optionally substituted with amino or mono- or S or ⁇ -R 7 with R 7 being amino or hydroxy; R 1 represents - ⁇ alkyl; aryl; thienyl; quinolinyl; cycloC 3 . 12 alkyl or
  • cycloCs- ⁇ alk -ealkyl wherein the cycloC 3 - 12 alkyl moiety optionally may contain a double bond and wherein one carbon atom in the cycloC 3 . 12 alkyl moiety may be replaced by an oxygen atom or an ⁇ R -moiety with R being hydrogen, benzyl or - ⁇ alkyloxycarbonyl ; wherein one or more hydrogen atoms in a d- ⁇ alkyl-moiety or in a cycloC 3 - 12 alkyl-moiety optionally may be replaced by
  • alkenyl as a group or part of a group encompasses the straight and branched chain hydrocarbon radicals having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and having a double bond such as ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, 3-methylbutenyl and the like;
  • C 2 - 6 alkynyl as a group or part of a group defines straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radicals having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and having a triple bond such as ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, 3-methylbutynyl and the like;
  • cycloC 3 _ 6 alkyl encompasses monocyclic alkyl ring structures such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl;
  • cycloC 3 _ I2 alkyl encompasses
  • salts of the compounds of formula (I- A) and (I-B) are those wherein the counterion is pharmaceutically acceptable.
  • salts of acids and bases which are non-pharmaceutically acceptable may also find use, for example, in the preparation or purification of a pharmaceutically acceptable compound. All salts, whether pharmaceutically acceptable or not are included within the ambit of the present invention.
  • the compounds of formula (I- A) and (I-B) containing acidic protons may be converted into their therapeutically active non-toxic metal or amine addition salt forms by treatment with appropriate organic and inorganic bases.
  • Appropriate base salt forms comprise, for example, the ammonium salts, the alkali and earth alkaline metal salts, e.g. the lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium salts and the like, salts with organic bases, e.g.
  • reactants with good leaving groups may also be used, such as alkyl trifluoromethanesulfonates, alkyl methanesulfonates, and alkyl p-toluenesulfonates.
  • a quaternary amine has a positively charged nitrogen.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable counterions include chloro, bromo, iodo, trifluoroacetate and acetate. The counterion of choice can be introduced using ion exchange resins.
  • N-oxide forms of the present compounds are meant to comprise the compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) wherein one or several nitrogen atoms are oxidized to the so- called N-oxide.
  • R x and R y each independently are hydrogen, cycloC 3 - 12 alkyl, C 2 - 6 alkynyl or d- 6 alkyl optionally substituted with cyano, d. 6 alkyloxy or d- ⁇ alkyloxycarbonyl;
  • Y represents O or S; or
  • Compounds of formula (l A / B -a) may also be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (III) with an intermediate of formula (IN), wherein W ⁇ represents a halo atom, e.g. bromo, in the presence of butyl lithium and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
  • W ⁇ represents a halo atom, e.g. bromo
  • Compounds of formula (I-A), wherein R 2 represents methylcarbonyl, said compounds being represented by formula (I-A-l), can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (Nm) in the presence of a suitable acid, such as hydrochloric acid, and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
  • a suitable acid such as hydrochloric acid
  • a suitable reaction-inert solvent such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
  • Compounds of formula (I-A-4) can on their turn be converted into a compound of formula (I-A-5) by reaction with potassium fluoride in the presence of a suitable acid such as acetic acid, or by reaction with a suitable base, such as potassium hydroxide, in the presence of a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as an alcohol, e.g. methanol and the like.
  • a suitable acid such as acetic acid
  • a suitable base such as potassium hydroxide
  • a suitable catalyst such as tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium
  • a suitable base such as for example N,N-diethylethanamine
  • a suitable reaction-inert solvent such as for example toluene.
  • 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid in a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example methylene chloride.
  • Said compound of formula (I-A-14) can further be converted into a compound of formula (I-B), wherein R 5 is hydrogen, said compound being represented by formula (I-B-3), by reaction with 4-methyl-benzene sulfonyl chloride in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example dipotassium carbonate and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example methylene chloride.
  • Compounds of formula (I-B-3) can also be prepared from a compound of formula (I- A), wherein R 2 is d-6alkyloxy, said compound being represented by formula (I-A-15), by reaction with a suitable acid, such as hydrochloric acid, in the presence of a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
  • a suitable acid such as hydrochloric acid
  • a suitable reaction-inert solvent such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
  • Intermediates of formula (IV), wherein Q represents a quinoline moiety substituted in position 2 with halo,e.g. chloro, said intermediates being represented by formula (IV-a), can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (IV), wherein Q represents a quinolinone moiety with R 5 being hydrogen, said intermediate being represented by formula (IV-b), in the presence of POCl 3 .
  • a stereoisomer of a compound of formula (I-A) or (I-B) such as a cis form may be converted into another stereoisomer such as the corresponding trans form by reacting the compound with a suitable acid, such as hydrochloric acid, in the presence of a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
  • a suitable acid such as hydrochloric acid
  • a suitable reaction-inert solvent such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
  • the compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) or any subgroup thereof, their N-oxides, pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, quaternary amines and stereochemically isomeric forms may be used as a medicine.
  • the use of a compound of formula (I-A) and (I-B) in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing glutamate-induced diseases of the central nervous system is provided.
  • the present compounds may be used as neuroprotectants, analgesics or anticonvulstants.
  • compositions of the present invention may be formulated into various pharmaceutical forms for administration purposes.
  • compositions there may be cited all compositions usually employed for systemically administering drugs.
  • a therapeutically effective amount of a particular compound, in base or addition salt form, as the active ingredient is combined in intimate admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, which carrier may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier which carrier may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration.
  • These pharmaceutical compositions are desirably in unitary dosage form suitable, preferably, for administration orally, rectally, topically, percutaneously or by parenteral injection.
  • Triethylsilane (0.0012 mol) was added slowly at room temperature to a solution of interm. 32 (0.004 mol) in CF3COOH (5ml) and AcOH (10ml).
  • NaBHt (0.0012 mol) was added portionwise under N 2 flow. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 8 hours, poured out on ice, basified with K 2 CO 3 and extracted with CH 2 CI 2 . The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.2g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CH 2 CI 2 /CH 3 OH 99/1; 15-40 ⁇ m). Two fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated.
  • Tables 1 to 8 list the compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) which were prepared according to one of the above examples.

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Abstract

The present invention concerns compounds of formula. In a preferable embodiment, X represents O; R1 represents C¿1-6?alkyl; cycloC3-12alkyl or (cycloC3-12alkyl)C1-6alkyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms in a C1-6alkyl-moiety or in a cycloC3-12alkyl-moiety optionally may be replaced by C1-6alkyloxy, aryl, halo or thienyl; R?2¿ represents hydrogen; halo; C¿1-6?alkyl or amino; R?3 and R4¿ each independently represent hydrogen or C¿1-6?alkyl; or R?2 and R3¿ may be taken together to form -R2-R3-, which represents a bivalent radical of formula -Z¿4?-CH2-CH2-CH2- or -Z4-CH2-CH2- with Z4 being O or NR?11¿ wherein R11 is C¿1-6?alkyl; and wherein each bivalent radical is optionally substituted with C1-6alkyl; or R?3 and R4¿ may be taken together to form a bivalent radical of formula -CH¿2?-CH2-CH2-CH2- ; R?5¿ represents hydrogen; Y represents O; and aryl represents phenyl optionally substituted with halo. The invention also relates to the use of a compound according to the invention as a medicament and in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing glutamate-induced diseases of the central nervous system, as well as formulations comprising such a compound and processes for preparing such a compound.

Description

METABOTROPIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
The present invention is concerned with quinoline and quinolinone derivatives showing metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonistic activity and their preparation; it further relates to compositions comprising them, as well as their use as a medicine.
The neurotransmitter glutamate is considered to be the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. The binding of this neurotransmitter to metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), which are a subfamily of the G-protein-coupled receptors and which comprise 8 distinct subtypes of mGluRs, namely mGluRl through mGluR8, activates a variety of intracellular second messenger systems. The mGluRs can be divided into 3 groups based on amino acid sequence homology, the second messenger system utilized by the receptors and the pharmacological characteristics. Group I mGluRs, which comprises mGluR subtype 1 and 5, couple to phospholipase C and their activation leads to intracellular calcium-ion mobilization. Group II mGluRs (mGluR2 and 3) and group IE mGluRs (mGluR4, 6, 7 and 8) couple to adenyl cyclase and their activation causes a reduction in second messenger cAMP and as such a dampening of the neuronal activity. Treatment with Group I mGluR antagonists has been shown to translate in the presynapse into a reduced release of neurotransmitter glutamate and to decrease the glutamate-mediated neuronal excitation via postsynaptic mechanisms. Since a variety of pathophysiological processes and disease states affecting the central nervous system are thought to be due to excessive glutamate induced excitation of the central nervous system neurons, Group I mGluR antagonists could be therapeutically beneficial in the treatment of central nervous sytem diseases.
WO 99/26927 discloses antagonists of Group I mGlu receptors for treating neurological diseases and disorders, based - among others - on a quinoline structure.
WO 99/03822 discloses bicyclic metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands, none of them based on a quinoline or quinolinone structure. The present invention concerns compounds of formula
Figure imgf000003_0001
an N-oxide form, a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, a quaternary amine and a stereochemically isomeric form thereof, wherein X represents O; C(R6)2 with R6 being hydrogen, aryl or -ealkyl optionally substituted with amino or mono- or
Figure imgf000003_0002
S or Ν-R7 with R7 being amino or hydroxy; R1 represents -βalkyl; aryl; thienyl; quinolinyl; cycloC3.12alkyl or
(cycloCs-πalk -ealkyl, wherein the cycloC3-12alkyl moiety optionally may contain a double bond and wherein one carbon atom in the cycloC3.12alkyl moiety may be replaced by an oxygen atom or an ΝR -moiety with R being hydrogen, benzyl or -βalkyloxycarbonyl ; wherein one or more hydrogen atoms in a d-όalkyl-moiety or in a cycloC3-12alkyl-moiety optionally may be replaced by
Ci-βalkyl, hydroxyCt-ealkyl, halo -ealkyl, aminoCι-6alkyl, hydroxy, Cι-6alkyloxy, arylCt-όalkyloxy, halo, -ealkyloxycarbonyl, aryl, amino, mono- or d -ealky amino, -όalkyloxycarbonylamino, halo, piperazinyl, pyridinyl, morpholinyl, thienyl or a bivalent radical of formula -O-, -O-CH -O or -
O-CH2-CH2-O-; or a radical of formula (a-1)
Figure imgf000003_0003
a-1
wherein Zi is a single covalent bond, O, ΝH or CH2; Z2 is a single covalent bond, O, ΝH or CH2; n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3; and wherein each hydrogen atom in the phenyl ring independently may optionally be replaced by halo, hydroxy, Ci-βalkyl, Cι-6alkyloxy or hydroxyCi-βalkyl; or X and R1 may be taken together with the carbon atom to which X and R1 are attached to form a radical of formula (b-1), (b-2) or (b-3);
Figure imgf000004_0001
b-1 b-2 b-3
R represents hydrogen; halo; cyano; Chalky!; C!-6alkyloxy; d-6alkylthio; d-6alkylcarbonyl; d-6alkyloxycarbonyl; d-βalkylcarbonyloxyd-δalkyl;
C2-6alkenyl; hydroxyC2-6alkenyl; C2-6alkynyl; hydroxyC2-6alkynyl; tri(d-6alkyl)silaneC2.6alkynyl; amino; mono- or di(C1-6alkyl)amino; mono- or di -όalkyloxy -ealky amino; mono- or di(C1.6alkylthioC1-6alkyl)amino; aryl; arylCi-galkyl; arylC2-6alkynyl; Cι-6alkyloxyd-6alkylaminoCι-6alkyl; aminocarbonyl optionally substituted with d-ealkyl, d-6alkyloxyCι-6alkyl, d-6alkyloxycarbonylC-_6alkyl or pyridinyld-6alkyl; a heterocycle selected from thienyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, imidazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, piperidinyl and piperazinyl, optionally N-substituted with d-ealkyloxyd^alkyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, dioxanyl or dithianyl ; a radical -NH-C(=O)R9 wherein R9 represents d-6alkyl optionally substituted with cycloC -ι2alkyl, d-βalkyloxy, C!-6alkyloxycarbonyl, aryl, aryloxy, thienyl, pyridinyl, mono- or di(d-6alkyl)amino, d-6alkylthio, benzylthio, pyridinylthio or pyrimidinylthio; cycloC3.12alkyl; cyclohexenyl; amino; arylcycloC3-12alkylamino; mono-or-di(d-6alkyl)amino; mono- or di(d-6alkyloxycarbonylCι-6alkyl)amino; mono- or di(d-6alkyloxycarbonyl)amino; mono-or di(C2-6alkenyl)amino; mono- or di(aryld-6alkyl)amino; mono- or diarylamino; arylC2.6alkenyl; furanylC2-6alkenyl; piperididinyl; piperazinyl; indolyl; furyl; benzofuryl; tetrahydrofuryl; indenyl; adamantyl; pyridinyl; pyrazinyl; aryl; aryld-6alkylthio or a radical of formula (a-1) ; a sulfonamid -NH-SO2-R10 wherein R10 represents d-6alkyl, mono- or poly halod-6alkyl, arylCi-6alkyl, arylC2-6alkenyl, aryl, quinolinyl, isoxazolyl or di(C1-6alkyl)amino; R3 and R4 each independently represent hydrogen; halo; hydroxy; cyano; d-6alkyl; C1.6alkyloxy; d-ealkyloxyd-ealkyl; d-6alkylcarbonyl; d-ealkyloxycarbonyl; C2-6alkenyl; hydroxyC2.6alkenyl; C2-6alkynyl; hydroxyC2-6alkynyl; tri(C1.6alkyl)silaneC2.6alkynyl; amino; mono- or di(C1.6alkyl)amino; mono- or d d-ealkyloxyd-ealky amino; mono- or di(C1-6alkylthioC1-6alkyl)amino; aryl; morpholinylCι-6alkyl or piperidinyld-6alkyl ; or R2 and R3 may be taken together to form -R2-R3-, which represents a bivalent radical of formula -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)5-, -(CH2)6-, -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -Z4-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-Z4-, -Z4-CH2-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-Z4-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-CH2-Z -CH2-, -CH2-CH2-CH2-Z4-, -Z4-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-Z4-CH2- or -CH2-CH2-Z4-, with Z4 being O, S, SO2 or NR11 wherein R11 is hydrogen, d-βalkyl, benzyl or
Cι-6alkyloxycarbonyl; and wherein each bivalent radical is optionally substituted with d-6alkyl. or R3 and R4 may be taken together to form a bivalent radical of formula -CH=CH-CH=CH- or-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2- ; R5 represents hydrogen; cyclod-^alkyl; piperidinyl; oxo-thienyl; tetrahydrothienyl, aryld-ealkyl; C1-6alkyloxyC1-6alkyl; d-6alkyloxycarbonyld-6alkyl or Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with a radical C(=O)NRxRy, in which Rx and Ry, each independently are hydrogen, cycloC3- 2alkyl, C2-6alkynyl or Cι-6alkyl optionally substituted with cyano, d- alkyloxy, d-6alkyloxycarbonyl, furanyl, pyrrolidinyl, benzylthio, pyridinyl, pyrrolyl or thienyl;
Y represents O or S; or Y and R5 may be taken together to form =Y-R5- which represents a radical of formula -CH=N-N= (c-1); -N=N-N= (c-2); or
-N-CH=CH- (c-3); aryl represents phenyl or naphthyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halo, hydroxy, d-6alkyl, d-βalkyloxy, phenyloxy, nitro, amino, thio, d-6alkylthio, halod-6alkyl, polyhaloCι-6alkyl, polyhalod-6alkyloxy, hydroxyd-6alkyl, d-όalkyloxyd-βalkyl, aminod-ealkyl, mono-or di(C1.6alkyl)amino; mono-or di(C1-6alkyl)aminoCι-6alkyl, cyano, -CO-R12, -CO-OR13, -NR13SO2R12, -SO2-NR13R14, -NR13C(O)R12, -C(O)NR13R14, -SOR12, -SO2R12; wherein each R12, R13 and R14 independently represent d.6alkyl; cycloC3-6alkyl; phenyl; phenyl substituted with halo, hydroxy, d-6alkyl, d-6alkyloxy, halod-6alkyl, polyhaloCι-6alkyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl or oxazolyl; and when the R!-C(=X) moiety is linked to another position than the 7 or 8 position, then said 7 and 8 position may be substituted with R15 and R16 wherein either one or both of R15 and R16 represents Cι-6alkyl, d-6alkyloxy orR15 and R16 taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -CH=CH-CH=CH-.
As used in the foregoing definitions and hereinafter Cι_6alkyl as a group or part of a group encompasses the straight and branched chain saturated hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl; C .6alkenyl as a group or part of a group encompasses the straight and branched chain hydrocarbon radicals having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and having a double bond such as ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, 3-methylbutenyl and the like; C2-6alkynyl as a group or part of a group defines straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radicals having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and having a triple bond such as ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, 3-methylbutynyl and the like; cycloC3_6alkyl encompasses monocyclic alkyl ring structures such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl; cycloC3_I2alkyl encompasses mono-, bi- or tricyclic alkyl ring structures and is generic to for example cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, norbornanyl, adamantyl.
The term halo is generic to fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo. As used in the foregoing and hereinafter, polyhalod-6alkyl as a group or part of a group is defined as mono- or polyhalosubsti uted d-6alkyl, in particular methyl with one or more fluoro atoms, for example, difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl. In case more than one halogen atoms are attached to an alkyl group within the definition of polyhalod-6alkyl, they may be the same or different.
When any variable, e.g. aryl, occurs more than one time in any constituent, each definition is independent.
When any bond is drawn into a ring structure, it means that the corresponding substituent may be linked to any atom of said ring structure. This means for instance that the R1-C(=X) moiety may be linked to the quinoline or quinolinone moiety in position 5, 6, 7, 8 but also position 3 or position 4.
For therapeutic use, salts of the compounds of formula (I- A) and (I-B) are those wherein the counterion is pharmaceutically acceptable. However, salts of acids and bases which are non-pharmaceutically acceptable may also find use, for example, in the preparation or purification of a pharmaceutically acceptable compound. All salts, whether pharmaceutically acceptable or not are included within the ambit of the present invention.
The pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts as mentioned hereinabove are meant to comprise the therapeutically active non-toxic acid addition salt forms which the compounds of formula (I- A) and (I-B) are able to form. The latter can conveniently be obtained by treating the base form with such appropriate acids as inorganic acids, for example, hydrohalic acids, e.g. hydrochloric, hydrobromic and the like; sulfuric acid; nitric acid; phosphoric acid and the like; or organic acids, for example, acetic, propanoic, hydroxyacetic, 2-hydroxypropanoic, 2-oxopropanoic, oxalic, malonic, succinic, maleic, fumaric, malic, tartaric, 2-hydroxy-l,2,3-propanetricarboxylic, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, 4-methylbenzenesulfonic, cyclohexanesulfamic, 2-hydroxybenzoic, 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic and the like acids. Conversely the salt form can be converted by treatment with alkali into the free base form.
The compounds of formula (I- A) and (I-B) containing acidic protons may be converted into their therapeutically active non-toxic metal or amine addition salt forms by treatment with appropriate organic and inorganic bases. Appropriate base salt forms comprise, for example, the ammonium salts, the alkali and earth alkaline metal salts, e.g. the lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium salts and the like, salts with organic bases, e.g. primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic and aromatic amines such as methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, isopropylamine, the four butylamine isomers, dimethylamine, diethylamine, diethanolamine, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, di-n-butylamine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, quinuclidine, pyridine, quinoline and isoquinoline, the benzathine, N-methyl-D-glucamine, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-l,3- propanediol, hydrabamine salts, and salts with amino acids such as, for example, arginine, lysine and the like. Conversely the salt form can be converted by treatment with acid into the free acid form.
The term addition salt also comprises the hydrates and solvent addition forms which the compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) are able to form. Examples of such forms are e.g. hydrates, alcoholates and the like. The term "quaternary amine" as used hereinbefore defines the quaternary ammonium salts which the compounds of formula (I- A) and (I-B) are able to form by reaction between a basic nitrogen of a compound of formula (I- A) or (I-B) and an appropriate quaternizing agent, such as, for example, an optionally substituted alkylhalide, arylhalide or arylalkylhalide, e.g. methyliodide or benzyliodide. Other reactants with good leaving groups may also be used, such as alkyl trifluoromethanesulfonates, alkyl methanesulfonates, and alkyl p-toluenesulfonates. A quaternary amine has a positively charged nitrogen. Pharmaceutically acceptable counterions include chloro, bromo, iodo, trifluoroacetate and acetate. The counterion of choice can be introduced using ion exchange resins.
It will be appreciated that some of the compounds of formula (I- A) and (I-B) and their N-oxides, salts, quaternary amines and stereochemically isomeric forms may contain one or more centers of chirality and exist as stereochemically isomeric forms.
The term "stereochemically isomeric forms" as used hereinbefore defines all the possible stereoisomeric forms which the compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B), and their N-oxides, salts, quaternary amines or physiologically functional derivatives may possess. Unless otherwise mentioned or indicated, the chemical designation of compounds denotes the mixture of all possible stereoisomeric forms, said mixtures containing all diastereomers and enantiomers of the basic molecular structure as well as each of the individual isomeric forms of formula (I-A) and (I-B) and their N-oxides, salts, solvates or quaternary amines substantially free, i.e. associated with less than 10 %, preferably less than 5 %, in particular less than 2% and most preferably less than 1 % of the other isomers. Stereochemically isomeric forms of the compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) are obviously intended to be embraced within the scope of the present invention. The same applies to the intermediates as described herein, used to prepare end products of formula (I-A) and (I-B).
The terms cis and trans are used herein in accordance with Chemical Abstracts nomenclature.
In some compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) and in the intermediates used in their preparation, the absolute stereochemical configuration has not been determined. In these cases, the stereoisomeric form which was first isolated is designated as "A" and the second as "B", without further reference to the actual stereochemical configuration. However, said "A" and "B" stereoisomeric forms can be unambiguously characterized by physicochemical characteristics such as their optical rotation in case "A" and "B" have an enantiomeric relationship. A person skilled in the art is able to determine the absolute configuration of such compounds using art-known methods such as, for example, X-ray diffraction. In case "A" and "B" are stereoisomeric mixtures, they can be further separated whereby the respective first fractions isolated are designated "Al" and "BT'and the second as "A2" and "B2", without further reference to the actual stereochemical configuration.
The N-oxide forms of the present compounds are meant to comprise the compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) wherein one or several nitrogen atoms are oxidized to the so- called N-oxide.
Some of the compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) may also exist in their tautomeric form. Such forms although not explicitly indicated in the above formula are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Whenever used hereinafter, the term "compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B)" is meant to also include their N-oxide forms, their salts, their quaternary amines and their stereochemically isomeric forms. Of special interest are those compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) which are stereochemically pure.
An interesting group of compounds are those compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) wherein
X represents O; C(R6)2 with R6 being hydrogen or aryl ; or Ν-R7 with R7 being amino or hydroxy;
R1 represents d-βalkyl, aryl; thienyl; quinolinyl; cycloC3-12alkyl or
(cyclod-^alky d-όalkyl, wherein the cycIoC3-12alkyl moiety optionally may contain a double bond and wherein one carbon atom in the cycloC -12alkyl moiety may be replaced by an oxygen atom or an ΝR8-moiety with R8 being benzyl or d-6alkyloxycarbonyl ; wherein one or more hydrogen atoms in a d-ealkyl-moiety or in a cycloC3-12alkyl-moiety optionally may be replaced by Cι.6alkyl, halod-6alkyl, hydroxy, d-βalkyloxy, aryld-6alkyloxy, halo, aryl, mono- or di(d-6alkyl)amino, C1-6alkyloxycarbonylamino, halo, piperazinyl, pyridinyl, morpholinyl, thienyl or a bivalent radical of formula -O- or -O-CH2-CH2-O-; or a radical of formula (a- 1)
Figure imgf000010_0001
a-1
wherein Zi is a single covalent bond, O or CH2;
Z2 is a single covalent bond, O or CH2; n is an integer of 0, 1, or 2 ; and wherein each hydrogen atom in the phenyl ring independently may optionally be replaced by halo or hydroxy; or X and R1 may be taken together with the carbon atom to which X and R1 are attached to form a radical of formula (b-1), (b-2) or (b-3);
Figure imgf000010_0002
b-1 b-2 b-3
represents hydrogen; halo; cyano; d-6alkyl; d-6alkyloxy; Cι-6alkylthio; d-6alkylcarbonyl; d-6alkyloxycarbonyl; C2-6aIkenyl; hydroxyC2-6alkenyl; C2-6alkynyl; hydroxyC2-6alkynyl; tri(d-6alkyl)silaneC2-6alkynyl; amino; mono- or di(Cι-6alkyl)amino; mono- or di(d-6alkyloxyd-6alkyl)amino; mono- or ditd-όalkylthiod-όalky^amino; aryl; aryld-βalkyl; arylC2-6alkynyl; d-όalkyloxyCi-δalkylaminod-ealkyl; aminocarbonyl optionally substituted with d.6alkyloxycarbonylCι-6alkyl ; a heterocycle selected from thienyl, furanyl, thiazolyl and piperidinyl, optionally
N-substituted with morpholinyl or thiomorpholinyl; a radical -NH-C(=O)R9 wherein R9 represents d-6alkyl optionally substituted with cycloC3-12alkyl, d-6alkyloxy, d-δalkyloxycarbonyl, aryl, aryloxy, thienyl, pyridinyl, mono- or di(d-6alkyl)amino, d-6alkylthio, benzylthio, pyridinylthio or pyrimidinylthio; cycloC3-12alkyl; cyclohexenyl; amino; arylcycloC3-12alkylamino; mono-or-di(d-6alkyl)amino; mono- or di(C1-6alkyloxycarbonylC1.6alkyl)amino; mono- or di(C1-6alkyloxycarbonyl)amino; mono-or di(C2-6alkenyl)amino; mono- or di(arylC1.6alkyl)amino; mono- or diarylamino; arylC2-6alkenyl; furanylC2.6aIkenyl; piperididinyl; piperazinyl; indolyl; furyl; benzofuryl; tetrahydrofuryl; indenyl; adamantyl; pyridinyl; pyrazinyl; aryl or a radical of formula (a-1) ; a sulfonamid -NH-SO2-R10 wherein R10 represents d-6alkyl, mono- or poly halod-βalkyl, arylCι-6alkyl or aryl; R3 and R4 each independently represent hydrogen; d-6alkyl; d-ealkyloxyd-βalkyl; d-6alkyloxycarbonyl; or R2 and R3 may be taken together to form -R2-R3-, which represents a bivalent radical of formula -(CH2) -, -(CH2)5-, -Z4-CH=CH-, -Z4-CH2-CH2-CH2- or -Z4-CH2-CH2-, with Z4 being O, S, SO2 or NR11 wherein R11 is hydrogen, d-ealkyl, benzyl or
Cι-6alkyloxycarbonyl; and wherein each bivalent radical is optionally substituted with d-ealkyl; or R3 and R4 may be taken together to form a bivalent radical of formula
-CH=CH-CH=CH- or -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2- ; R5 represents hydrogen; piperidinyl; oxo-thienyl; tetrahydrothienyl, aryld-6alkyl; d-6alkyloxycarbonyld.6alkyl or Cι-6alkyl optionally substituted with a radical
C(=O)NRxRy, in which Rx and Ry, each independently are hydrogen, cycloC3-12alkyl, C2-6alkynyl or d-6alkyl optionally substituted with cyano, d.6alkyloxy or d-βalkyloxycarbonyl; Y represents O or S; or Y and R5 may be taken together to form =Y-R5- which represents a radical of formula -CH=N-N= (c-1); or
-N=N-N= (c-2); aryl represents phenyl or naphthyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halo, d^alkyloxy, phenyloxy, mono-or cU(d-6alkyl)amino and cyano; and when the R!-C(=X) moiety is linked to another position than the 7 or 8 position, then said 7 and 8 position may be substituted with R15 and R16 wherein either one or both of R15 and R16 represents d.6alkyl or R15 and R16 taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -CH=CH-CH=CH-.
A further most interesting group of compounds comprises those compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) wherein X represents O;
R1 represents d-6alkyl; cycloC3-12alkyl or (cycloC3-12alkyl)d-6alkyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms in a d-6alkyl-moiety or in a cycloC -12alkyl-moiety optionally may be replaced by d-6alkyloxy, aryl, halo or thienyl; R2 represents hydrogen; halo; d-ealkyl or amino;
R3 and R4 each independently represent hydrogen or d-6alkyl; or R2 and R3 may be taken together to form -R2-R3-, which represents a bivalent radical of formula -Z4-CH2-CH2-CH2- or -Z4-CH2-CH2- with Z4 being O or NR11 wherein R11 is Ci-βalkyl; and wherein each bivalent radical is optionally substituted with d-6alkyl; or R3 and R4 may be taken together to form a bivalent radical of formula -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2- ;
R5 represents hydrogen;
Y represents O; and aryl represents phenyl optionally substituted with halo.
A further interesting group of compounds comprises those compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) wherein the R!-C(=X) moiety is linked to the quinoline or quinolinone moiety in position 6.
In order to simplify the structural representation of some of the present compounds and intermediates in the following preparation procedures, the quinoline or the quinolinone moiety will hereinafter be represented by the symbol Q.
Figure imgf000012_0001
The compounds of formula (I-A) or (I-B), wherein X represents O, said compounds being represented by formula (iA/B-a), can be prepared by oxidizing an intermediate of formula (II) in the presence of a suitable oxidizing agent, such as potassium permanganate, and a suitable phase-transfer catalyst, such as tris(dioxa-3,6- heptyl)amine, in a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example dichloromethane.
OH n ι I oxidation γ,
R -CH-Q ^ R1— ϋ-Q
Figure imgf000012_0002
Compounds of formula (lA/B-a) may also be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (III) with an intermediate of formula (IN), wherein Wι represents a halo atom, e.g. bromo, in the presence of butyl lithium and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran. o
R1 — c= ΞN + f— Q R1 C_Q
(III) (IV) (l/VB-a)
Alternatively, compounds of formula O /B-a) may also be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (N) with an intermediate of formula (IN) in the presence of butyl lithium and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
Figure imgf000013_0001
Compounds of formula U/B-a). wherein the R1 substituent is linked to the carbonyl moiety via an oxygen atom, said R1 substituent being represented by O-Rla and said compounds by formula U/B-a-1), can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (NI) with an intermediate of formula (Nil) in the presence of a suitable acid, such as sulfuric acid. o O
R1a— OH + HO— C— Q R -1"93-—. O— C— Q
Figure imgf000013_0002
Compounds of formula (I-A), wherein R2 represents methylcarbonyl, said compounds being represented by formula (I-A-l), can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (Nm) in the presence of a suitable acid, such as hydrochloric acid, and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
Figure imgf000013_0003
(l-A-1)
(VIII)
The compounds of formula (I) may also be converted into each other following art-known transformations.
Compounds of formula (I-A) wherein R2 is a halo atom, such as chloro, can be converted into a compound of formula (I-A), wherein R2 is another halo atom, such as fluoro or iodo, by reaction with a suitable halogenating agent, such as for example potassium fluoride or sodium iodide, in the presence of a suitable reaction-inert solvent, e.g. dimethyl sulfoxide or acetonitrile and optionally in the presence of acetyl chloride.
Compounds of formula (I-A), wherein R2 is a suitable leaving group, such as a halo atom, e.g. chloro, iodo, said leaving group being represented by W2 and said compounds by (I-A-2), can be converted into a compound of formula (I-A) wherein R2 is cyano, said compound being represented by formula (I-A-3), by reaction with a suitable cyano-introducing agent, such as for example trimethylsilanecarbonitrile, in the presence of a suitable base such as N,N-diethylethanamine and a suitable catalyst, such as for example tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium.
Compounds of formula (I-A-2) can also be converted into a compound of formula (I-A-4) by reaction with C2-6alkynyltri(d-6alkyl)silane in the presence of Cul, an appropriate base, such as for example N,N-diethylethanamine, and an appropriate catalyst, such as for example tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium. Compounds of formula (I-A-4) can on their turn be converted into a compound of formula (I-A-5) by reaction with potassium fluoride in the presence of a suitable acid such as acetic acid, or by reaction with a suitable base, such as potassium hydroxide, in the presence of a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as an alcohol, e.g. methanol and the like.
Compounds of formula (I-A-2) can also be converted into a compound of formula (I-A-6) by reaction with an intermediate of formula (IX) in the presence of Cul, a suitable base, such as for example N,N-diethylethanamine, and a suitable catalyst such as tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium.
Compounds of formula (I-A-2) can also be converted into a compound wherein R2 is d-βalkyl, said compound being represented by formula (I-A-8) in the presence of a suitable alkylating agent, such as for example Sn(Cι-6alkyl)4, or into a compound wherein R2 is C2-6alkenyl, said compound being represented by formula (I-A-9) in the presence of a suitable alkenylating agent, such as for example Sn(C2-6alkenyl)(d- 6alkyl)3, both reactions in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium and a reaction-inert solvent, such as for example toluene or dioxane.
Compounds of formula (I-A-2) can also be converted into a compound of formula (I-A-7) wherein Z represents O or S, by reaction with an intermediate of formula (X) optionally in the presence of a suitable base such as dipotassium carbonate and a reaction-inert solvent, such as N,N-dimethyl formamide.
Compounds of formula (I-A-2) can also be converted into a compound of formula (I-A), wherein R2 is Cι-6alkyloxycarbonyl, said compound being represented by formula (I-A-10) and a compound of formula (I-A), wherein R2 is hydrogen, said compound being represented by formula (I-A- 11), by reaction with a suitable alcohol of formula d-6alkylOH and CO in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example palladium(II)acetate, triphenylphosphine, a suitable base such as dipotassium carbonate and a reaction-inert solvent, such as N,N-dimethylformamide.
Compounds of formula (I-A-l 1) can also be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (I-A-2) with Zn in the presence of a suitable acid such as acetic acid.
Compounds of formula (I-A-2) can also be converted into a compound of formula (I-A), wherein R2 is aminocarbonyl substituted with d-ealkyloxycarbonylCi-ealkyl, said compound being represented by formula (I-A-12), by reaction with an intermediate of formula H2Ν-C1-6alkyl-C(=O)-O-C1.6alkyl in the presence of CO, a suitable catalyst such as tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, a suitable base, such as for example N,N-diethylethanamine, and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example toluene.
Figure imgf000016_0001
Compounds of formula (I-A-2) can also be converted into a compound of formula (I-A) wherein R2 is aryl or a heterocycle selected from the group described in the definition of R2 hereinabove, said R2 being represented by R2 and said compound by formula (I-A-13) by reaction with an intermediate of formula (XI), (XII) or (XIII) in the presence of a suitable catalyst such as for example tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example dioxane.
Figure imgf000017_0001
(I-A-2) (XIII) (l-A-13)
Compounds of formula (I-A-2) can also be converted into a compound of formula (I-B), wherein Y and R5 are taken together to form a radical of formula (b-1) or (b-2), said compound being represented by formula (I-B-l) or (I-B-2), by reaction with hydrazincarboxaldehyde or sodium azide in a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as an alcohol, e.g. butanol, or N,N-dimethylformamide.
Figure imgf000017_0002
Compounds of formula (l-A-11) can be converted into the corresponding Ν-oxide, represented by formula (I-A-14), by reaction with a suitable peroxide, such as
3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid, in a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example methylene chloride. Said compound of formula (I-A-14) can further be converted into a compound of formula (I-B), wherein R5 is hydrogen, said compound being represented by formula (I-B-3), by reaction with 4-methyl-benzene sulfonyl chloride in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example dipotassium carbonate and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example methylene chloride.
Figure imgf000018_0001
Compounds of formula (I-B-3) can also be prepared from a compound of formula (I- A), wherein R2 is d-6alkyloxy, said compound being represented by formula (I-A-15), by reaction with a suitable acid, such as hydrochloric acid, in the presence of a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
Figure imgf000018_0002
(l-A-15) (I-B-3)
Compounds of formula (I-B-3) can be converted into a compound of formula (I-B), wherein R5 represents d-6alkyl, said compound being represented by formula (I-B-4), by reaction with an appropriate alkylating agent, such as for example an intermediate of formula (XIV), wherein W3 represents a suitable leaving group such as a halo atom e.g. iodo, in the presence of potassium tert. butoxide and in the presence of a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
Figure imgf000019_0001
(I-A-15) Compounds of formula (I-B-3) can also be converted into a compound of formula (I- B), wherein R5 is d-6alkyloxycarbonylCι-6alkyl or arylCi-βalkyl, said R5 being represented by R5a and said compound being represented by formula (I-B-5), by reaction with an intermediate of formula (XV), wherein W4 represents a suitable leaving group, such as a halo atom, e.g. bromo, chloro and the like, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example sodium hydride and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example N,N-dimethylformamide.
Figure imgf000019_0002
(l-A-15) Compounds of formula (I-A-2) can also be converted into a compound of formula (I-B), wherein R5 is hydrogen and Y is S, said compound being represented by formula (I-B-6), by reaction with H2Ν-C(=S)-ΝΗ2 in the presence of a suitable base, such as potassium hydroxide, and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as an alcohol, for example ethanol, or water. Compounds of formula (I-B-6) can further be converted into a compound of formula (I-A), wherein R2 is d.6alkylthio, said compound being represented by formula (I-A-16), by reaction with a suitable d-6alkylhalide, such as for example d-6alkyliodide, in the presence of a suitable base, such as dipotassium carbonate, and a suitable solvent, such as for example acetone.
Figure imgf000020_0001
Compounds of formula (lA/B-a) can be converted into a compounds of formula (I-A) or (I-B), wherein X is N-R7, said compound being represented by formula U/B-b), by reaction with an intermediate of formula (XNI), optionally in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example N,N-diethylethanamine, and in the presence of a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as an alcohol, e.g. ethanol.
Figure imgf000020_0002
As already indicated in the preparation procedure of compounds of formula (I-A- 13) described above, the compounds of formula (I) may also be converted to the corresponding N-oxide forms following art-known procedures for converting a trivalent nitrogen into its N-oxide form. Said N-oxidation reaction may generally be carried out by reacting the starting material of formula (I) with an appropriate organic or inorganic peroxide. Appropriate inorganic peroxides comprise, for example, hydrogen peroxide, alkali metal or earth alkaline metal peroxides, e.g. sodium peroxide, potassium peroxide; appropriate organic peroxides may comprise peroxy acids such as, for example, benzenecarboperoxoic acid or halo substituted benzenecarboperoxoic acid, e.g. 3-chlorobenzenecarboperoxoic acid, peroxoalkanoic acids, e.g. peroxoacetic acid, alkylhydroperoxides, e.g. tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Suitable solvents are, for example, water, lower alkanols, e.g. ethanol and the like, hydrocarbons, e.g. toluene, ketones, e.g. 2-butanone, halogenated hydrocarbons, e.g. dichloromethane, and mixtures of such solvents.
Some of the intermediates and starting materials used in the above reaction procedures are commercially available, or may be synthesized according to procedures already described in the literature. Intermediates of formula (II) may be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XVII) with an intermediate of formula (XNIII), wherein W5 represents a suitable leaving group such as a halo atom, e.g. chloro, bromo and the like, in the presence of magnesium, diethylether and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as diethylether.
Q- AC-H + + R R—l- WW5 — -► R 1I-C ?'HH-Q
(XVII) (χ ι»> (II)
Intermediates of formula (XVII) may be prepared by oxidizing an intermediate of formula (XIX) in the presence of a suitable oxidizing agent, such as MnO2, and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as methylene chloride. oxidation ||
Q— CH2 — OH ► Q— C— H
Figure imgf000021_0001
Intermediates of formula (XIX) can be prepared by reducing an intermediate of formula (XX) in the presence of a suitable reducing agent such as lithium aluminium hydride, and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran.
II reduction
Q— C— O— Crealkyl ► Q— CH2— OH
(XX) (χιx)
Intermediates of formula (XX), wherein Q represents a quinoline moiety optionally substituted in position 3 with Cι-6alkyl and wherein the carbonyl moiety is placed in position 6, said intermediates being represented by formula (XX-a), can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XXI) with an intermediate of formula (XXII) in the presence of sodium 3-nitro-benzene sulfonate, a suitable acid, such as sulfuric acid, and a suitable alcohol, e.g. methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and the like.
Figure imgf000021_0002
Alternatively, intermediates of formula (II) can also be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XXIII) with an intermediate of formula (XXIV), wherein W6 is a suitable leaving group, such as a halo atom, e.g. bromo, chloro and the like, in the presence of a suitable agent, such as butyl lithium and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran. OH R C — H + Q— 6 R1— CH-Q
(xxiii) (xxiv) (II)
Intermediates of formula (XXIII) can be prepared by oxidizing an intermediate of formula (XXN) using the Moffatt Pfitzner or Swem oxidation (dimethylsulfoxide adducts with dehydrating agents e.g. DCC, Ac2O, SO3, P O10, COCl2 or C1-CO-COC1) in an inert solvent such as methylene chloride. o
R— CH2-OH _-- R — C— H
(xxv) (x iii)
Intermediates of formula (XXV) can be prepared by reducing an intermediate of formula (XXVI) in the presence of a suitable reducing agent, such as for example lithium aluminium hydride and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as benzene. o
R1 1— C H— O— Ci-βalk I ► R- 1__CH2_0H
(XXVI) <xxv)
Intermediates of formula (XXVI) can be prepared from an intermediate of formula
(XXVII) by esterification in the presence of a suitable alcohol, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and he like, and a suitable acid, such as sulfuric acid. fj Cr6alkyl— OH jj
R: — C— OH ► R2 — C— O— Cj-galkyl
(XXVII) (XXVI) Intermediates of formula (XXVII), wherein R1 represents a radical of formula (a-1) with Zi being O, Z2 being CH2 and n being 1, said intermediates being represented by formula (XXVII-a), can be prepared by reducing an intermediate of formula (XXNHI) in the presence of a suitable reducing agent such as hydrogen, and a suitable catalyst, such as palladium on charcoal, and a suitable acid such as acetic acid. When R1 of intermediate (XXNII) represents an optionally substituted phenyl moiety, it can also be converted into an optionally substituted cyclohexyl moiety by reduction in the presence of a suitable reducing agent such as rhodium on Al2O3, and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran.
Figure imgf000023_0001
Intermediates of formula (IV), wherein Q represents a quinoline moiety substituted in position 2 with halo,e.g. chloro, said intermediates being represented by formula (IV-a), can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (IV), wherein Q represents a quinolinone moiety with R5 being hydrogen, said intermediate being represented by formula (IV-b), in the presence of POCl3.
Figure imgf000023_0002
(IV-a)
(IV-b)
Intermediates of formula (IV-a), wherein R is hydrogen, said intermediates being represented by formula (IV-a-1), can also be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XXIX) with POCl3 in the presence of N,N-dimethylformamide (Vilsmeier- Haack formylation followed by cyclization).
Figure imgf000023_0003
(IV-a-1) (XXIX)
Intermediates of formula (XXIX) may be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XXX) with an intermediate of formula (XXXI), wherein W7 represents a suitable leaving group, such as a halo atom, e.g. chloro, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example N,N-diethylethanamine, and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as methylene chloride.
Figure imgf000023_0004
(XXX) (XXXI) (XXIX) Intermediates of formula (IV-a) can be converted into an intermediate of formula (IV-c) by reaction with an intermediate of formula (XXXII) in the presence of a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as an alcohol, e.g. methanol and the like.
+C 6alkyl— O"
Figure imgf000024_0002
(XXXII)
Figure imgf000024_0001
(IV-a) (IV-c)
Intermediates of formula (IV-a) can also be converted into an intermediate of formula (rV-d-1) by reaction with a suitable amine of formula (XXXϋl-a), wherein Z3 and Z4 each independently represent hydrogen, d-βalkyl, d-βalkyloxyd-όalkyl, d-ealkylthiod-όalkyl or into an intermediate of formula (IV-d-2) by reaction with a suitable amine of formula (XXXIII-b), wherein Z3 and Z4 are taken together to form a heterocycle as defined hereinabove in the definition of R2 provided that the heterocycle comprises at least one nitrogen atom, in the presence of a suitable base, such as for example dipotassium carbonate, and a reaction-inert solvent, such as N,N- dimethylformamide.
Figure imgf000024_0003
(IV-a) (XXXIII-a)
Figure imgf000024_0005
(IV-a) (XXXIII-b)
Figure imgf000024_0004
Intermediates of formula (IV-a), wherein R3 represents CH2-CH2-CH2-C1, said intermediates being represented by formula (IV-a-2), can also be converted into an intermediate of formula (IV), wherein R and R are taken together to form a bivalent radical of formula -O-CH2-CH2-CH2-, said intermediate being represented by formula (rV-e-1), by reaction with a suitable acid, such as hydrochloric acid and the like. Intermediates of formula (IN-a-2) can also be converted into an intermediate of formula (IV), wherein R2 and R3 are taken together to form a bivalent radical of formula -S-CH2-CH2-CH2-, said intermediate being represented by formula (IV-e-2), by reaction with H2N-C(=S)-NH2 in the presence of a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as an alcohol, e.g. ethanol.
Figure imgf000025_0001
(IV-e-2) Intermediates of formula (V) may be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XXVII) with an intermediate of formula CH3-NH-O-CH3 in the presence of l, -carbonyldiimidazole and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as methylene chloride.
Figure imgf000025_0002
Intermediates of formula (VII), wherein Q represents a quinoline moiety, in particular a quinoline moiety wherein R2 is ethyl, R3 is methyl and R4 is hydrogen, and the carboxyl moiety is placed in position 6, said intermediates being represented by formula (Vll-a), can be prepared by reaction an intermediate of formula (XXXTV) in the presence of a suitable aldehyde, such as CH3-CH2-CH(=O), (CH2O)n, ZnCl2, FeCl3 and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as an alcohol, for example ethanol.
Figure imgf000025_0003
Intermediates of formula (VIII) can be prepared by reacting an intermediate of formula (XXXV) with an intermediate of formula (XXXVI) in the presence of a suitable catalyst, such as for example tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium and a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example dioxane.
Figure imgf000026_0001
(XXXVI)
(XXXV)
(VIII)
Still some other preparations can be devised, some of them are disclosed further in this application with the Examples.
Pure stereoisomeric forms of the compounds and the intermediates of this invention may be obtained by the application of art-known procedures. Diastereomers may be separated by physical separation methods such as selective crystallization and chromatographic techniques, e.g. liquid chromatography using chiral stationary phases. Enantiomers may be separated from each other by the selective crystallization of their diastereomeric salts with optically active acids. Alternatively, enantiomers may be separated by chromato-graphic techniques using chiral stationary phases. Said pure stereoisomeric forms may also be derived from the corresponding pure stereoisomeric forms of the appropriate starting materials, provided that the reaction occurs stereo- selectively or stereospecifically. Preferably, if a specific stereoisomer is desired, said compound will be synthesized by stereoselective or stereospecific methods of preparation. These methods will advantageously employ chirally pure starting materials. Stereoisomeric forms of the compounds of formula (I) are obviously intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
A stereoisomer of a compound of formula (I-A) or (I-B) such as a cis form, may be converted into another stereoisomer such as the corresponding trans form by reacting the compound with a suitable acid, such as hydrochloric acid, in the presence of a suitable reaction-inert solvent, such as for example tetrahydrofuran.
The compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B), the N-oxides, the pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, the quaternary amines and the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof show mGluR antagonistic activity, more in particular Group I mGluR antagonistic activity. The Group I mGluR specifically antagonized by the present compounds is the mGluRl.
The mGluRl antagonistic activity of the present compounds can be demonstrated in the Signal transduction on cloned rat mGluRl in CHO cells test and the Cold allodynia test in rats with a Bennett ligation, as described hereinafter.
Due to their mGluR antagonistic activity, more in particular their Group I mGluR antagonistic activity and even more in particular, their mGluRl antagonistic activity, the compounds of formula (I-A) or (I-B), their N-oxides, pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, quaternary amines and stereochemically isomeric forms are useful in the treatment or prevention of glutamate-induced diseases of the central nervous sytem. Diseases in which a role for glutamate has been demonstrated include drug addiction or abstinence (dependence, opioid tolerance, opioid withdrawal), hypoxic, anoxic and ischemic injuries (ischemic stroke, cardiac arrest), pain (neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, hyperalgesia), hypoglycemia, diseases related to neuronal damage, brain trauma, head trauma, spinal cord injury, myelopathy, dementia, anxiety, schizophrenia, depression, impaired cognition, amnesia, bipolar disorders, conduct disorders, Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, mixed (Alzheimer's and vascular) dementia, Lewy Body disease, delirium or confusion, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Down syndrome, epilepsy, aging, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) and AIDS related complex (ARC).
In view of the utility of the compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B), there is provided a method of treating warm-blooded animals, including humans, suffering from glutamate-induced diseases of the central nervous system. Said method comprises the administration, preferably oral administration, of an effective amount of a compound of formula (I-A) or (I-B), a N-oxide form, a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, a quaternary amine or a possible stereoisomeric form thereof, to warm-blooded animals, including humans.
In view of the above described pharmacological properties, the compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) or any subgroup thereof, their N-oxides, pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, quaternary amines and stereochemically isomeric forms, may be used as a medicine. In particular, the use of a compound of formula (I-A) and (I-B) in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing glutamate-induced diseases of the central nervous system is provided. More in particular, the present compounds may be used as neuroprotectants, analgesics or anticonvulstants.
The present invention also provides compositions for treating or preventing glutamate- induced diseases of the central nervous system comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I-A) or (I-B) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
Therefore, the compounds of the present invention or any subgroup thereof may be formulated into various pharmaceutical forms for administration purposes. As appropriate compositions there may be cited all compositions usually employed for systemically administering drugs. To prepare the pharmaceutical compositions of this invention, a therapeutically effective amount of a particular compound, in base or addition salt form, as the active ingredient is combined in intimate admixture with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, which carrier may take a wide variety of forms depending on the form of preparation desired for administration. These pharmaceutical compositions are desirably in unitary dosage form suitable, preferably, for administration orally, rectally, topically, percutaneously or by parenteral injection. For example, in preparing the compositions in oral dosage form, any of the usual pharmaceutical media may be employed, such as, for example, water, glycols, oils, alcohols and the like in the case of oral liquid preparations such as suspensions, syrups, emulsions, elixirs and solutions: or solid carriers such as starches, sugars, kaolin, lubricants, binders, disintegrating agents and the like in the case of powders, pills, capsules and tablets. Because of their ease in administration, tablets and capsules represent the most advantageous oral dosage unit form, in which case solid pharmaceutical carriers are obviously employed. For parenteral compositions, the carrier will usually comprise sterile water, at least in large part, though other ingredients, for example, to aid solubility, may be included. Injectable solutions, for example, may be prepared in which the carrier comprises saline solution, glucose solution or a mixture of saline and glucose solution. Injectable suspensions may also be prepared in which case appropriate liquid carriers, suspending agents and the like may be employed. Also included are solid form preparations which are intended to be converted, shortly before use, to liquid form preparations. As appropriate compositions for topical application there may be cited all compositions usually employed for topically administering drugs e.g. creams, gel, dressings, shampoos, tinctures, pastes, ointments, salves, powders and the like. In the compositions suitable for percutaneous administration, the carrier optionally comprises a penetration enhancing agent and/or a suitable wetting agent, optionally combined with suitable additives of any nature in minor proportions, which additives do not cause a significant deleterious effect to the skin. Said additives may facilitate the administration to the skin and/or may be helpful for preparing the desired compositions. These compositions may be administered in various ways, e.g., as a transdermal patch, as a spot-on, as an ointment.
It is especially advantageous to formulate the aforementioned pharmaceutical compositions in unit dosage form for ease of administration and uniformity of dosage. Unit dosage form as used in the specification and claims herein refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active ingredient calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier. Examples of such unit dosage forms are tablets (including scored or coated tablets), capsules, pills, suppositories, powder packets, wafers, injectable solutions or suspensions, teaspoonfuls, tablespoonfuls and the like, and segregated multiples thereof.
The therapeutically effective dose or frequency of administration depends on the particular compound of formula (I-A) or (I-B) used, the particular condition being treated, the severity of the condition being treated, the age, weight, sex, fed or fasted state, and the general physical condition of the particular patient as well as other medication the individual may be taking, as is well known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, it is evident that said therapeutically effective dose or the effective daily dose may be lowered or increased depending on the response of the treated subject and/or depending on the evaluation of the physician prescribing the compounds of the instant invention. It may be appropriate to administer the required dose as two, three, four or more sub-doses at appropriate intervals throughout the day. Said sub-doses may be formulated as unit dosage forms.
The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention.
Experimental part
Hereinafter, "DMF" is defined as NJV*-dimethylformamide, "DIPE" is defined as diisopropylether, "DMSO" is defined as dimethylsulfoxide, "BHT" is defined as 2,6- bis(l,l-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol, and "THF" is defined as tetrahydrofuran. Preparation of the intermediates Example Al
Preparation of (interm. 1)
Figure imgf000030_0001
A mixture of 4-(l-methylethoxy)benzoic acid (0.083 mol) and Rh/Al2O3 5% (lOg) in THF (220ml) was hydrogenated at 50°C (under 3 bar pressure of H2) for 1 night. The mixture was filtered over celite, washed with THF and evaporated. Yield: 16g of intermediate 1 (100%).
Example A2
Preparation of 2-ethyl-3-methyl-6-quinolinecarboxylic acid (interm. 2)
A mixture of 4-aminobenzoic acid (0.299 mol) in ethanol (250ml) was stirred at room temperature. ZnCl2 (0.0367 mol) and (CH2O)n (lOg) were added. FeCl3.6H2O (0.5 mol) was added portionwise and the temperature rised till 60-65°C. Propanal (30ml) was added dropwise over a 2 hours period. The mixture was refluxed for 2 hours and kept at room temperature for 12 hours. The mixture was poured into water and filtered through celite. The filtrate was acidified till pH=7 with HCl 6N and the mixture was evaporated till dryness. The residue was used without further purification. Yield : 56. lg of 2-ethyl-3-methyl-6-quinolinecarboxylic acid (interm. 2).
Example A3
Preparation of (interm. 3)
Figure imgf000030_0002
Pentanoyl chloride (0.2784 mol) was added at 5°C to a mixture of 4- bromobenzenamine (0.232 mol) and N,N-diethylethanamine (0.2784 mol) in CH2C12 (400ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, poured out into water and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, washed with a concentrated ΝH-tOH solution and water, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (60g) was crystallized from diethylether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. The residue (35g, 63%) was taken up in CH2C12. The organic layer was separated, washed with a 10% K2CO3 solution, washed with water, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 30g of intermediate (3) (54%). Example A4
Preparation of (interm. 4)
Figure imgf000031_0001
A mixture of 6-bromo-2(lH)-quinolinone (0.089 mol) in POCl3 (55ml) was stirred at
60°C overnight, then at 100°C for 3 hours and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was taken up in CΗ2CI2, poured out into ice water, basified with NH4OH cone, filtered over celite and extracted with CH2C12. The organic layer was separated, dried
(MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 14.5g of intermediate (4)
(67%).
Example A5
a) Preparation of (interm. 5)
Figure imgf000031_0002
DMF (37ml) was added dropwise at 10°C under N2 flow to POCl3 (108ml). After complete addition, the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. N-(4-bromophenyl)butanamide (0.33 mol) was added portionwise. The mixture was stirred at 85°C overnight, then allowed to cool to room temperature and poured out on ice (exothermic reaction). The precipitate was filtered off, washed with a small amount of water and dried (vacuum). The residue was washed with EtOAc/diethyl ether and dried. Yield: 44.2g of intermediate (5) (50%).
b) Preparation of (interm. 6)
Figure imgf000031_0003
A mixture of intermediate (5) (0.162 mol) in methanol (600ml), and a solution of methanol sodium salt in methanol at 35% (154ml) was stirred and refluxed overnight. The mixture was poured out on ice. The precipitate was filtered off, washed with a small amount of water and taken up in CH2CI2. K.2CO3 10% was added and the mixture was extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, washed with water, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 31.9g of intermediate (6) (74%).
Example A6
Preparation of (interm. 7)
Figure imgf000031_0004
l,l'-Carbonylbis-lH-imidazole (0.074 mol) was added portionwise to a mixture of 4-methoxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid (0.063 mol) in CΗ2CI2 (200ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Then N-methoxymethanamine (0.074 mol) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, poured out into H2O and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, washed several times with H2O, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 12.6g of interm. 7. Example A7 a) A mixture of 6-fluoro-4-oxo-4H-l-benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid (0.30mol) in acetic acid (400ml) was hydrogenated with Pd/C (3g) as a catalyst. After uptake of Η2 (3 equiv), the catalyst was filtered off. The filtrate was evaporated. The residue was stirred in petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried (vacuum; 70°C). After recrystallization from CHCl3/CH3OH, the precipitate was filtered off and dried (vacuum; 80°C and high vacuum; 85°C). Yield: 8.8 g of 6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-l- benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid (interm. 8) (15.0%). b) A mixture of intermediate (8) (0.255 mol) in ethanol (400ml) and Η2SO (5ml) was stirred and refluxed for 8 hours. The solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue was dissolved in CH2C12. The organic layer was separated, washed with K2CO3 10%, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 45g of ethyl 6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-l-benzopyran-2-carboxylate (interm. 9) (79%). c) Reaction under N2. A mixture of sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminumhydride, 70 wt % solution in methylbenzene 3.4M (0.44 mol) in benzene (150 ml) (reflux) was added dropwise during 1 hour to a refluxed mixture of interm. 9 (0.22 mol) and benzene (600 ml). After stirring for 2.5 hours at reflux temperature, the mixture was cooled to ±15°C. The mixture was decomposed by adding dropwise ethanol (30 ml) and water (10 ml). This mixture was poured out onto ice/water and this mixture was acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid. This mixture was extracted with diethyl ether (500 ml). The separated organic layer was washed with water, dried, filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromotoghaphy over silica gel (eluent : CΗC13). The desired fraction was collected and the eluent was evaporated. Yield: 34 g of 6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-l-benzopyran-2-methanol (interm. 10) (85%). d) Reaction under N2. To a stirred and cooled (-60°C; 2-propanone/CO2 bath) mixture of ethanedioyl dichloride (0.1 mol) in CΗ2CI2 (350 ml) was added sulfinylbis [methane] (30 ml) during 10 minutes. After stirring 10 minutes, a mixture of interm. 10 in CH2CI2 (90 ml) was added during 5 minutes. After stirring for 15 minutes, N,N-diethylethanamine (125 ml) was added. When the mixture was warmed up to room temperature, it was poured out in water. The product was extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was wased with water, HCl (1M), water, ΝaHCO3 (10%) and water, dried and evaporated. The residue was dissolved in diethyl ether, washed with water, dried, filtered and evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromotoghaphy over silica gel (eluent : CHC13). The desired fraction was collected and the eluent was evaporated. Yield: 21.6 g of 6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-l-benzopyran-2-carboxaldehyde (interm. 11)
e) Preparation of (interm. 12)
Figure imgf000033_0001
nButyllithium 1.6M (0.056 mol) was added slowly at -70°C to a solution of intermediate (5) (0.046 mol) in TΗF (100ml). The mixture was stirred at -70°C for 30 minutes. A suspension of interm. 11 (0.056 mol) in TΗF (100ml) was added slowly. The mixture was stirred at -70°C for 1 hour, then brought to room temperature, poured out into Η2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried
(MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (21g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 80/10; 15~35μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 9.5g of interm. 12 (55%). Example A8
a) Preparation of
Figure imgf000033_0002
(interm. 14)
A mixture of intermediate (5) (0.1127 mol), 2-methoxyethanamine (0.2254 mol) and K2CO3 (0.2254 mol) in DMF (500ml) was stirred at 120°C for 15 hours and then cooled. The solvent was evaporated. The residue was taken up in CH2C12 and H2O. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue (33.53g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CH2Cl2/CH3OH 99.5/0.5; 15-40 μm). Two fractions were collected and their solvents were evaporated. Yield: 5.7g of interm. 14 (38%) and interm. 13 (34%).
b) Preparation of (interm. 15)
Figure imgf000033_0003
A mixture of intermediate (5) (0.0751 mol), thiomorpholine (0.0891 mol) and K-2CO3 (0.15 mol) in DMF (200ml) was stirred at 120°C for 12 hours. The solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue was taken up in CH2C12 and H2O. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (26g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 80/20; 20-45 μm). Two fractions were collected and their solvents were evaporated. The two fractions were combined. Yield: 9.4g of interm. 15 (37%); mp. 82°C.
Example A9 a) 4-Aminobenzoic acid (0.219 mol) was added to a solution of sodium 3- nitrobenzenesulfonate (0.118 mol) in H2SO470% (230ml) and the mixture was stirred and refluxed. 2-propene-l,l-diol, 2-methyl-, diacetate (0.216 mol) was added dropwise and the mixture was refluxed for 4 hours. Ethanol (200ml) was added and the mixture was stirred at 80°C for 48 hours. The mixture was evaporated, the residue was poured into ice water/NEUOH and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was dried (MgSO4) and evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent : CH2Cl2/2-propanol 99/1). The pure fractions were collected and evaporated. Yield : 21g of ethyl 3-methyl-6-quinolinecarboxylate (interm. 16) (45%). b) Interm. 16 (0.098 mol) in THF (270ml) was added at 0°C to a solution of LiAlEU (0.098 mol) in THF under N2. When the addition was complete, water (10ml) was added. The precipitate was filtered off and washed with CH2C12. The organic layer was dried (MgSO4), filtered off and evaporated. The product was used without further purification. Yield : 16.71g of 3-methyl-6-quinolinemethanol (interm. 17). c) MnO (0.237 mol) was added to a solution of interm. 17 (0.096 mol) in CH2C12 (200ml) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The mixture was filtered through celite and the filtrate was stirred again with MnO2 (20g) for 12 hours. MnO2 (lOg) was added again. The mixture was stirred for 12 hours. The mixture was filtered through celite and evaporated. The product was used without further purification. Yield : 11.71g of 3-methyl-6-quinolinecarboxaldehyde (71%) (interm. 18). d) A solution of bromocyclohexyl (0.14 mol) in 1,1' -oxybisethane (50ml) and Mg turnings (50ml) was added at 10°C to a mixture of THF (0.14 mol) in 1,1'- oxybisethane (10ml). A solution of interm. 18 (0.07 mol) in Mg turnings (100ml) was added carefully at 5°C, the mixture was poured into ice water and extracted with EtOAc. Yield : 11.34g of (±)-α-cyclohexyl-3-methyl-6-quinolinemethanol (63%) (interm. 19). Example AIO
Preparation of (interm. 20)
Figure imgf000035_0001
A mixture of compound (5) (0.001507 mol), tributyl(l-ethoxyethenyl)stannane (0.00226 mol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (0.000151 mol) in 1,4-dioxane (5ml) was stirred at 80°C for 3 hours. Water was added. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. This product was used without further purification. Yield: 1.4g of interm. 20.
Example All
Preparation of (interm. 21)
Figure imgf000035_0002
A mixture of compound (45) (prepared according to B6) (0.00125 mol) in NaOH 3N (5 ml) and iPrOH (1.7 ml) was stirred at room temperature overnight, then poured out into H2O, acidified with HCl 3N and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was taken up in diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.26 g of intermediate 23 (56%). (mp.: 232°C)
Example A12
a. Preparation of
Figure imgf000035_0003
(interm. 22) (interm. 23)
A mixture of 5-bromo-lH-indole-2,3-dione (0.221 mol) in NaOH 3N (500 mlO was stirred at 80°C for 30 minutes, brought to room temperature and 2-pentanone (0.221 mol) was added. The mixture was stirred and refluxed for 1 hour and 30 minutes and acidified with AcOH until pH=5. The precipitate was filtered, washed with water and dried. Yielding 52.3 g of intermediate 24 and intermediate 25. (Total yielding: 80%). b. Preparation of
Figure imgf000036_0001
(interm. 24) (interm. 25) nBuLi 1.6 M (0.0816 mol) was added dropwise at -78°C to a suspension of intermediate 25 (0.034 mol) and intermediate 26 (0.034 mol) in THF (300 ml) under N2 flow. The mixture was stirred at -78°C for 30 minutes. nBuLi 1.6M (0.0816 mol) was added dropwise. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour. A mixture of intermediate 9 (0.102 mol) in THF (250 ml) was added slowly. The mixture was stirred for -78°C to -20°C, poured out into H2O/HCl 3N and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dired (MgSO ), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. Yielding: 20.89 g of compound intermediate 26 and intermediate 27 (86%).
Example A13
a. Preparation of (interm. 26)
Figure imgf000036_0002
4-amino-3-methoxybenzoic acid (0.054 mol) was added portionwise at room temperature to a solution of 3-chloro-2-ethyl-2-butenal (0.065 mol) in AcOH (100ml).
The mixture was stirred and refluxed for 8 hours and evaporated to dryness. The residue was taken up in CH2CI2, water was added and the solution was basified by
Et3N. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from 2-propanone. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 2.5g of interm. 26 (18%).
(interm. 27)
Figure imgf000036_0003
CDI (0.012 mol) was added at room temperature to a solution of interm. 26 (0.011 mol) in CH2C12 (30ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, methoxyaminomethyl (0.012 mol) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 8 hours. H2O was added. A precipitate was filtered off. The filtrate was extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.95g of interm. 27 (31 ) (mp.:148°C).
Example A14
Preparation of
Figure imgf000037_0001
(interm. 28)
4-Bromobenzenamine (0.034 mol) was added at room temperature to a solution of 3- chloride-2-ethyl-2-butanal (0.041 mol) in AcOH (60 ml). The mixture was stirred and refluxed for 8 hours, brought to room temperature and evaporated to dryness. The product was crystallized from EtOAc. The precipitate was filtered, washed with K2CO3 10% and taken up in CH2C12. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 4,6 g of interm. 28 (54%).
Example Al 5
a. Preparation of (interm. 29)
Figure imgf000037_0002
A solution of KOH (0.326 mol) in H2O (150ml) was added slowly at 5°C to a solution of 1,3-cyclohexanedione (0.268 mol) in H2O (150ml). The temperature must not reach
12 °C. KI (2g) then 2-bromo-l-(4-nitrophenyl)ethanone (0.294 mol) were added portionwise. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 48 hours. The precipitate was fitered, washed with H2O then with diethyl ether and dried. Yielding: 63g (85%).
A part of this fraction (lg) was crystallized from EtOH. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: .: 100°C).
b. Preparation of (interm. 30)
Figure imgf000037_0003
A mixture of interm. 29 (0.145 mol) in H2SO4 (40ml) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, poured out into ice, basified with NH4OH and extracted with CH2C12- The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from EtOH. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 31g (58%). A part of this fraction (lg) was crystallized from EtOH. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.7g of interm. 30 (58%) (mρ.:200°C). c. Preparation of (interm. 31)
Figure imgf000038_0001
A mixture of interm. 30 (0.039 mol), Raney Ni (lOg) in EtOH (100ml) was hydrogenated at room temperature under a 3 bar pressure for 1 hour. The mixture was filtered over celite and washed with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried
(MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (9.5g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 4.6g (52%). The filtrate was evaporated. The residue (2.7g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CH2θ2/CH3OH; 99/1; 15-40μm). Two fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 1.6g FI and 1.2g F2. F2 was crystallized from EtOH. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.24g of interm. 31
(interm. 32)
Figure imgf000038_0002
Interm. 30 (0.02 mol) was added at room temperature to a solution of 3-chloro-2-ethyl- 2-butenal (0.04 mol) in AcOH (50ml). The mixture was stirred and refluxed for 4 hours. The solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue was crystallized from EtOAc. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. The residue was taken up in CH2CI2. The mixture was basified with K2CO3 10% and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from EtOH. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 2.5g of interm. 32 (40%).
Example A16
Preparation of (interm. 33)
Figure imgf000038_0003
A mixture of 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-l-phenylethanone (0.083 mol) and Raney Ni (20g) in EtOH (200ml) was hydrogenated at room temperature for 1 hour under a 3 bar pressure, then filtered over celite, washed with CH2Cl2/CH3OH and dried. Yielding: 17.5g of interm. 33 (97%). B. Preparation of the final compounds Example Bl
Preparation of (compound 306)
Figure imgf000039_0001
POCl3 (0.024 mol) was added slowly at 5°C to DMF (0.024 mol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, then cooled to 5°C. 3-Oxo-butanoic acid ethyl ester (0.024 mol) was added slowly. The mixture was stirred at 5°C for 30 minutes. l-(4-aminophenyl)-2-phenylethanone (0.024 mol) was added portionwise. The mixture was stirred at 90°C for 3 hours and dissolved in CH2C12. Ice water was added. The mixture was basified with NHjOH and extracted with CH2C12. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from 2-propanone/diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.9 g of compound 306 (11%) (mp.:136°C).
Example B2
Preparation of (compound 2)
Figure imgf000039_0002
KMnO4 (lOg) was added portionwise at room temperature to a solution of
(prepared according to example A7.e) (0.022 mol)
Figure imgf000039_0003
in tris(dioxa-3,6-heptyl)amine (1ml) and CH2C12 (100ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 8 hours, filtered over celite, washed with CH2C12 and dried. The residue (6g, 100%) was crystallized from diethyl ether/petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 2g of compound (2) (33%); mp. 82°C.
Example B3
a) Preparation of (compound 3)
Figure imgf000039_0004
nBuLi 1.6M (0.07 mol) was added slowly at -70°C to a solution of intermediate (5) (0.058 mol) in THF (150ml). The mixture was stirred at -70°C for 30 minutes. A solution of 2,3-dihydro-lH-Indene-2-carbonitrile (0.07 mol) in TΗF (100ml) was added slowly. The mixture was stirred at -70°C for 1 hour, brought slowly to room temperature, hydrolized with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (22g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CH2Cl2/ cyclohexane
80/20 to 100; 15-35μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The second fraction was crystallized from 2-propanone/diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.1 lg of compound (3). The filtrate was concentrated. Yiel
b) Preparation of
Figure imgf000040_0001
cis (compound 4) trans (compound 5) nBuLi 1.6M (0.022 mol) was added slowly at -70°C to a solution of intermediate (5)
(0.018 mol) in THF (50ml). The mixture was stirred at -70°C for 1 hour, brought to -40°C, then cooled to -70°C. A solution of interm. 7 (0.018 mol) in THF (40ml) was added slowly. The mixture was stirred at -70°C for 1 hour, then brought to -20°C, hydrolyzed with H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (6.5g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: toluene/EtOAc 90/10; 15- 40jtιM). Two fractions (FI and F2) were collected and the solvent was evaporated.
FI (2.4g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried.
Yield: 1.8g of compound (4) (29%); mp. 123 °C. F2 (0.9g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.2g of compound (5)
and
Figure imgf000040_0002
Figure imgf000040_0003
CIS TRANS (compound 7) (compound 8) nBuLi 1.6M in exane (0.107 mol) was added dropwise at -78°C under N2 flow to a mixture of intermediate (6) (0.089 mol) in THF. The mixture ws stirred at -78°C for 1 hour. A mixture of interm. 7 (150 ml) was added at -78°C under N2 flow. The mixture was stirred at -78°C for 2 hours, brought to 0°C, poured out into H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (31g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane EtOAc 85/15; 20-45 μ ). Two pure fractions were collected and their solvents were evaporated. Yielding: 11 g of compound (7) (38%) and 8.2 g of compound (8) (28%). d) Preparation of (compound 503)
Figure imgf000041_0001
A solution of chloromethylbenzeen (0.0069 mol) in diethyl ether (8ml) was added slowly to a suspension of Mg (0.0069 mol) in a small amount of diethyl ether. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes (disparition of Mg), then cooled to 5°C. A solution of interm. 27 (0.0027 mol) in THF (8ml) was added slowly. The mixture was stirred at 5°C for 15 minutes, then at room temperature for 2 hours, poured out into H2O and filtered over celite. The precipitate was washed with EtOAc. The filtrate was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (lg) was purified by column chromatography over kromasil (eluent: CH2C12 100 to CH2Cl2/CH3OH 99/1; 15-40μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.5g, 56%) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.14g of compound 503 (15%).
Example B4: examples of endgroup modifications
(compound 156)
Figure imgf000041_0002
trans
A mixture of ( compound 8)
Figure imgf000041_0003
trans (prepared according to example B3.c) (0.018 mol) in HCl 3N (60ml) and THF (60ml) was stirred at 60°C overnight. The mixture was basified with a K.2CO3 10% solution and extracted with CH2C12. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 4.6g of compound (156) (82%).
b) Preparation of (compound 9)
Figure imgf000041_0004
cis A mixture of ( compound 7)
Figure imgf000042_0001
CIS
(prepared according to example B3.c) (0.0122 mol) in HCl 3N (40ml) and THF (40ml) was stirred and refluxed overnight, poured out into water, basified with K-2CO3 10% and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 40/60; 15-40μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 2g of compound (9) (52%); mp. 226°C.
c) Preparation of
Figure imgf000042_0002
cis (compound 10) and (trans) (compound 11)
A mixture of compound (4) (0.0015 mol), 2-methoxyethanamine (0.003 mol) and K2CO3 (0.003 mol) in DMF (5ml) was stirred at 140°C for 48 hours. H2O was added. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried
(MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (lg) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 60/40; 15-40/zm). Two fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Both fractions were crystallized separately from pentane. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.05g of compound (10) (9%; mp. 115°C) and 0.057g of compound (11) (10%; mp.
Figure imgf000042_0003
cis (compound 12) and (trans) (compound 13)
A mixture of compound (4) (0.0015 mol) in 2-(methylthio)ethanamine (2ml) was stirred at 120°C for 8 hours. K2CO3 10% was added. The mixture was extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (2.2g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 70/30; 15-40μm). Two fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The first fraction was crystallized from diethyl ether/petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.08g of compound (12) (14%); mp. 120°C. The second fraction was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.18g of compound (13)
cis (compound 14)
Figure imgf000043_0001
A mixture of compound (4) (0.001507 mol), ethynyltrimethylsilane (0.003013 mol), Cul (0.000151 mol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (0.000151 mol) in N-N-diethylethanamine (5ml) was stirred at 100°C for 24 hours. Water was added. The mixture was filtered over celite, washed with EtOAc and the filtrate was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.3g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 85/15; 15-40 μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.3g) was crystallized from pentane. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.1 lg of compound (14) (18%); mp. 114°C.
f) Preparation of (compound 15)
Figure imgf000043_0002
CIS
A mixture of compound (14) (0.013 mol) and KF (0.038 mol) in acetic acid (50ml) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. H2O was added and the mixture was extracted with diethyl ether. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (4.4g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 70/30; 15-40μm). One fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated. This fraction (3g, 73%) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 2.45g of compound (15
g) Preparation
Figure imgf000043_0003
trans (compound 17)
A mixture of
Figure imgf000043_0004
Figure imgf000043_0005
cis (compound 14) and trans (compound 16) prepared according to example B.7.a) (0.0056 mol) in KOH [1M, H2O] (10ml) and methanol (30ml) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, poured out into water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (2.2g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 85/15 to 70/30; 15-40μm).
Two fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated.
The first fraction was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.2g of compound (15) (11%); mp. 133°C.
The second fraction was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.3g °C.
h) Preparation of (compound 18)
Figure imgf000044_0001
cis
A mixture of compound (4) (0.001205 mol), 2-propyn-l-ol (0.002411 mol), Pd(PPh3)4
(0.000121 mol) and Cul (0.000121 mol) in N-N-diethylethanamine (5ml) was stirred at
100°C for 2 hours. Water was added. The mixture was filtered over celite, washed with EtOAc and extracted aith EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.7g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CH2Q2/CΗ3OH 98/2; 15-40 μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from petroleum ether and diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: O.lg
i) Preparation of
Figure imgf000044_0002
cis (compound 19) and (trans) (compound 20) A mixture of compound (4) (0.006027 mol) and KF (0.024108 mol) in DMSO (20ml) was stirred at 140°C. The solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue was solidified in water and diethyl ether. The mixture was extracted with diethyl ether. The organic layer was separated, washed with diethyl ether, washed with a saturated solution of ΝaCl, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.7g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 85/15; 15-40 μm). Three fractions were collected and their solvents were evaporated. The first fraction was crystallized from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.21g of compound (19) (11%); mp. 92°C.
The second fraction was crystallized from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 114°C.
j) Preparation of (compound 21)
Figure imgf000045_0001
CIS
A mixture of compound (4) (0.003013 mol), acetyl chloride (0.003315 mol) and sodium iodide (0.006027 mol) in CH3CN (10ml) was stirred and refluxed for 1 hour.
K2CO3 10% was added. The mixture was extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue
(lg) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane EtOAc 80/20; 15-40 μm). Two fractions were collected and their solvents were evaporated. The first fraction was crystallized from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.12g of compound (21); mp. 110°C.
k) Preparation (compound 22)
Figure imgf000045_0002
CIS
A mixture of compound (21) (0.000898 mol), trimethylsilanecarbonitrile (0.001347 mol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (0.00009 mol) in N^V-diethylethanamine (5ml) was stirred at 100°C for 2 hours. Water was added. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ). filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.4g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 80/20; 15-40 μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.18g, 62%) was crystallized from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield : 0.13g of compound (22)
Figure imgf000045_0003
cis (compound 23) (trans) (compound 24)
Figure imgf000046_0001
cis (compound 25) (trans) (compound 26)
A mixture of compound (4) (0.00603 mol), Pd(OAc)2 (0.000603 mol), PPh3 (0.00904 mol) and K2CO3 (0.012054 mol) in CO (gas) and methanol (40ml) was stirred at 90°C for 8 hours under a 5 bar pressure of CO. H2O was added. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (6g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CH2Cl2/CH3OH 100/0 to 98/2; 15-35μm). Four fractions (F1-F4) were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 0.13g (cis) FI; 0.02g F2 (cis, compound 25); 0.055g F3 (trans, 3%) and O.llg F4 (trans; compound 26). FI was crystallized from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.03g of compound (23) (1%); mp. 91°C.
F3 was crystallized from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried.
Yield: 0.035g of comp
m) Preparation of (compound 25)
Figure imgf000046_0002
CIS
A mixture of compound (4) (0.009 mol) and Zn (0.027 mol) in acetic acid (30ml) was stirred at 60°C for 4 hours, filtered over celite, washed with CH2C12, evaporated till dryness, solubilized in CH2C12 and washed with K2CO3 10%. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (4g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc
75/25; 15-40μm). One fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated. This fraction (lg 37%) was crystallized from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: c
n) Preparation of (compound 27)
Figure imgf000046_0003
cis A mixture of compound (4) (0.001502 mol), Sn(CH3)4 (0.003004 mol) andPd(PPh3) (0.00015 mol) in methylbenzene (5ml) was stirred and refluxed for 3 hours. K2CO3 10% was added. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.7g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc
85/15; 15-40 μm). Two fractions (FI and F2) were collected and their solvents were evaporated. Yield: 0.27g (F 1, starting material) and 0.14g (F2). F2 was crystallized from pentane and petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.08g of compound (27) (17%); mp. 110°C.
o) Preparation of (compound 28)
Figure imgf000047_0001
CIS
A mixture of compound (4) (0.001507 mol), tributylethenylstannane (0.002260 mol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (0.000151 mol) in dioxane (5ml) was stirred at 80°C for 8 hours. Water was added. The mixture was filtered over celite, washed with EtOAc and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.65g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 90/10; 15-40 μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.07g of compound (28)
(compound 29)
Figure imgf000047_0002
trans A mixture of compound (5) (0.001507 mol), triphenyl(phenylmethyl)stannane
(0.002260 mol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (0.000151 mol) in dioxane (5ml) was stirred at 80°C for 8 hours. Water was added. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.4g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: GHbCh/EtOAc 96/4; 15-40 μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.38g) was crystallized from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0. . 112°C.
q) Preparation of (compound 30)
Figure imgf000047_0003
CIS A mixture of compound (4) (0.001507 mol), tributyl-2-thienylstannane (0.00226 mol) and Pd(PPh3) (0.0001507 mol) in dioxane (5ml) was stirred at 80°C for 8 hours. K2CO3 10% was added. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.7g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 85/15; 15-40 μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.65g) was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.35g of compound (30) (61%); mp. 142°C.
r) Preparation of (compound 31)
Figure imgf000048_0001
CIS
A mixture of compound (4) (0.0015 mol), 3-thienyl boronic acid (0.00226 mol),
Pd(PPh3)4 (0.00015 mol) and dioxane was stirred and refluxed for 24 hours. K2CO3
10% was added. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.8g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane EtOAc
80/20; 15-40μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated.
The residue (0.4g, 70%) was crystallized from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.39g of compound (31) (68%); p. 113°C.
Figure imgf000048_0002
cis
A mixture of compound (4) (0.003 mol), glycine methyl ester monohydrochloride
(0.0066 mol) and Pd(PPh)4 (0.0003 mol) in Et3N (2ml) and toluene (10ml) was stirred at 100°C under 5 bar pressure of CO for 8 hours, filtered over celite, washed with
CH2CI2 and evaporated. The residue (2g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 80/20; 75-35μm). One fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated. This fraction (lg 80%) was crystallized from diethyl ether.
The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding:
t) Preparation of
Figure imgf000048_0004
Figure imgf000048_0003
cis (compound 33) (trans) (compound 34) A mixture of compound (4) (0.003 mol) and hydrazinecarboxaldehyde (0.0045 mol) in
1-butanol (15ml) was stirred and refluxed overnight, poured out into water and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: C^CyCT^OH/NHtOH 95/5/0.1; 15-40 μm). Two fractions (FI and
F2) were collected and their solvents were evaporated. Yield: 0.3g FI and 0.3g F2.
FI was crystallized from CH3CN and diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.102g of compound (33); mp. 224°C.
F2 was crystallized from CH3CN and diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.2g of c
u) Preparation of (compound 35)
Figure imgf000049_0001
CIS
A mixture of compound 4 (0.015 mol) and NaN3 (0.045 mol) in DMF (50ml) was stirred at 140°C for 2 hours. K2CO3 10% was added and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (6g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 60/40; 15-40μm). The first fraction was collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 1.26g of compound (35) (24%); mp. 160°C.
v) Preparation of
Figure imgf000049_0002
CIS TRANS
(compound 36) (compound 37)
A mixture of compound (4) (0.009 mol) and thiourea (0.0099 mol) in ethyl alcohol (30ml) was stirred and refluxed for 12 hours and a solution of KOH (0.0149 mol) in H2O (5ml) was added slowly. The mixture was stirred and refluxed for 1 hour, poured out into water and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (cyclohexane/EtOAc 70/30; 15-40μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: l.lg of FI (37%) and 0.4g of F2 (13%). FI was crystallized from 2-propanone. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: compound (36). F2 was crystallized from 2-propanone.
The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: compound (37).
w) Preparation of
Figure imgf000050_0001
CIS TRANS
(compound 38) (compound 39)
CH3I (0.0034 mol) was added slowly at room temperature to a solution of compound (36) (0.0015 mol), compound (37) (0.0015 mol) and K2CO3 (0.0034 mol) in acetone (15ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 8 hours. Water was added and the mixture was extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.2g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane EtOAc 85/15; 15-40μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 0.6g FI (57%), and 0.18g F2 (17%). FI was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.28g compound (38) (27%). F2 was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.065g of compound
(compound 40)
Figure imgf000050_0002
cis
A mixture of compound (41) prepared
Figure imgf000050_0003
according to example B3b (0.0014 mol) in HCl 3N (5ml) and THF (5ml) was stirred and refluxed for a weekend, then poured out into H2O, basified with K2CO3 and extracted with CH2C12. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 0.5g of F. This fraction F was crystallized from 2-propanone. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.35g of compound
(compound 188)
Figure imgf000050_0004
A mixture of compound (5) (0.045 mol), acetamide (0.90013 mol) and K2CO3 (0.225 mol) was stirred and refluxed at 200°C for 2 hours, cooled at room temperature, poured out into H2O/CH2CI2 ;and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue (14.4 g) was crystallized from CH3OH. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. The filtrate was evaporated. The residue (11.27g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CH2Cl2/CH3OH NH4OH 96/4/0.1; 15-35μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 4.2 g of compound
(compound 248)
Figure imgf000051_0001
A mixture of compound (188) (0.00032 mol), benzoic acid (1.5 equiv., 0.00048 mol), l-ethyl-3-(3'-dimethylaminoproρyl)carbodiimide .HCl (1:1) (1.5 equiv., 0.00048 mol),
N-hydroxybenzotriazole (1.5 equiv., 0.00048 mol) and Et3N (1 equiv., 0.00032 mol) in
CH2CL2 (2ml) was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. The solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by HPLC and the product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 0.066 g of compound (205) (49.50%).
(compound 6)
Figure imgf000051_0002
trans A mixture of interm. 20 (0.001507 mol) in HCl 3N (10ml) and THF (10ml) was stirred at room temperature for 8 hours, basified with K2CO3 10% and extracted with CH2C12. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.2g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 85/15; 15-40 μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (0.4g) was crystallized from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.3g of compound (6) (58%); mp. 108°C. ab) Preparation of (compound 419)
Figure imgf000052_0001
A mixture of compound 213 (prepared according to B4) (0.00305 mol) and CH3ONa (30% in CH3OH) (0.00916 mol) in CH3OH (25ml) was stirred and refluxed for 15 hours then cooled to room temperature, poured out into H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue (l.lg) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane EtOAc; 40/60; 15-40μm). Two fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 0.3g FI and 0.5g F2 (50%) F2 was crystallized from diethyl ether/petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.26g FI was crystallized from pentane. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.19g. This fraction was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CH2Cl2/CH3OH; 98/2; 15-40μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 0.1 lg. This fraction was purified by column chromatography over kromasil (eluent:CH3OH/H2O; 70/30). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 0.09g. (9%) This fraction was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.08g of compound 419 (8%).
Example B5
Preparation of
Figure imgf000052_0002
cis (compound 42) (trans) (compound 43)
Iodomethane (0.00456 mol) was added at 5°C to a mixture of compound (9) (0.0019 mol), compound (8) (0.0019 mol) and tBuOK (0.00456 mol) in THF (30ml) under N2 flow. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, poured out into H2O and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 65/35; 15-40μm). Two fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 0.35g of compound (42) (30%; mp. 125°C) and 0.35g of compound (43) (30%; mp. 116°C). Example B6
a) Preparation of
Figure imgf000053_0001
cis (compound 44) (trans) (compound 45)
NaH 60% (0.01068 mol) was added at 0°C under N2 flow to a mixture of compound (8) and compound (9) (0.0089 mol). The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Ethyl bromoacetate (0.01068 mol) was added at 0°C. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, hydrolized with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 60/40; 15-40 μm). The desired fractions (F1-F4) were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 0.1 lg FI; 0.13g F2; 0.75g F3 and 0.8g F4. F3 was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: compound (44); mp. 152°C.
F4 was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: compound (45); mp. 147°C.
b) Preparation of
Figure imgf000053_0002
cis (compound 46) (trans) (compound 47)
Bromomethylbenzene (0.007 mol) was added dropwise at 0°C under N2 flow to a solution of compound (8) and compound (9) (0.0064 mol) and NaH 60% (0.007 mol) in DMF (40ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, hydrolized with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, washed with water, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane/EtOAc 70/30; 15-40 μm). The desired fractions (F1-F4) were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 0.15g FI, O.lg F2, 0.6g F3 (23%) and 0.8g F4.
F3 was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: 0.13g of compound (46); mp. 137°C. F4 was crystallized from DIPE and petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yield: compound (47); mp. 130°C. Example B7 a) 3-Chlorobenzenecarboperoxoic acid (0.088 mol) was added at 0°C to a solution of compound (48) (prepared according to example B2) (0.044 mol) in CH2CI2 (200ml) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The mixture was washed with K2CO3 10%. The organic layer was dried (MgSO4), filtered off and evaporated. The residue was recrystallized from (C2H5)2O. Yield : 8.2g of cyclohexyl (3-methyl-6-quinolinyl)methanone,l -oxide (compound 49) (69%). b) 4-Methyl benzenesulfonyl chloride (0.043 mol) was added to a solution of compound (49) (0.028 mol) in K2CO3 (400ml) and CH2C12 (400ml) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was dried (MgSO ), filtered off and evaporated. The residue was recrystallized from (dHs^O. Yield : 6.64g of 6-(cyclohexylcarbonyl)-3-methyl~ 2(lH)-quinolinone (compound 50) (85%); mp. 256.1°C. Example B8
a) Preparation of
Figure imgf000054_0001
[l (A),4α] (compound 51) [lα (B),4 ] (compound 52)
A mixture of compound (7) (0.0229 mol), hydroxylamine (0.0252 mol) and N,N-diethylethanamine (0.0252 mol) in ethanol (100ml) was stirred and refluxed for 6 hours, poured out into water and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from CH3CΝ. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. The residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CT^C^/EtOAc 80/20; 15- 40μm). Two fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 2.8g of compound (44) (36%; mp. 133°C) and 3g of compound (45) (38%; mp. 142°C).
b) Preparation of (compound 53)
Figure imgf000054_0002
[lα(Z),4α] Hydrazine (0.41 mol) was added at room temperature to a solution of compound (7) (0.015 mol) in ethanol (75ml). The mixture was stirred and refluxed for 1 night, poured out into water and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent:
Figure imgf000054_0003
98/2/0.1). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.8g of compound (53) (15%); mp. 110°C.
Example B9
Preparation of (compound 520)
Figure imgf000055_0001
Procedure for compounds 400, 401, 402, 403, 404 and 405. A mixture of interm. 21 (prepared according to All) (0.000269 mol), amantadine hydrochloride (0.000404 mol; 1.5 eq.), ^-(ethylcarbonimidoy -^N-dimethyl-l^-propanediamine hydrochloride (0.000404 mol; 1.5 equiv.), 1 -hydroxy- lH-benzotriazole (0.000404 mol; 1.5 equiv.) and Et3Ν (0.000269 mol) in CΗ2C13 (2 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by HPLC. The product fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yield: 0.063 g of compound 520 (46.37%).
Example B 10
Preparation of (compound 233)
Figure imgf000055_0002
A mixture of intermediate 27 (0.0026 mol) and intermediate 26 (0.0026 mol) in EtOH (380 ml) and H2SO4 cone. (19 ml) was stirred and refluxed for 15 hours, the cooled to room temperature, poured out into ice water, basified with K2CO3 and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (17.9 g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: cyclohexane EtOAc; 80/20; 15-35μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 0.85 g of FI, 1.1 g F2 and 11.5 g of F3. FI and F2 were crystallized separately from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.34 g of compound 233. Example B 11
Preparation of (compound 511)
Figure imgf000056_0001
A mixture of compound 22 (prepared according to B4) (0.004 mol) in HCl (3N) (20ml) and THF (20ml) was stirred and refluxed for 8 hours, poured out on ice, basified with NH OH and extracted with CH2C12. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.2g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent:
Figure imgf000056_0002
93/7/0.5; 15-40μm). Two fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 0.5g FI (41%) and 0.4g of F2. FI was crystallized from petroleum ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.17g of compound 511 (14%). Example B 12
Preparation of (compound 514)
Figure imgf000056_0003
A mixture of compound 524 (prepared according to B9a) (0.0018 mol) and KOH 85% (0.0094 mol) in EtOH (15ml) was stirred and refluxed for 24 hours, poured out into H2O and extracted with CH2C12. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CH-OyCyclohexane 80/20; 15-40μm). Two fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 0.35g FI (64%) and 0.17g (SM) FI was crystallized from diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.33g of compound 514 (60%) (mp.:185°C).
Example B 13
Preparation of (compound 515)
Figure imgf000056_0004
A mixture of interm. 28 (0.019 mol), 2-benzofuranylboronic acid (0.028 mol),
Pd(PPh3)4 (0.001 mol) and BHT (a few quantity) in dioxane (25ml) and Na2CO3 [2] (25ml) was stirred and refluxed for 8 hours and extracted with EtOAc. The aqueous layer was basified with NH4OH and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (3.6g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CH2Cl2/CH3OH 99/1 ; 15-40μm). The pure fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 1.8g (33%). This fraction was crystallized from 2-propanone/diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.39g of compound 515 (7%) (mp.:134°C). Example B 14
Preparation of (compound 526)
Figure imgf000057_0001
Triethylsilane (0.0012 mol) was added slowly at room temperature to a solution of interm. 32 (0.004 mol) in CF3COOH (5ml) and AcOH (10ml). NaBHt (0.0012 mol) was added portionwise under N2 flow. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 8 hours, poured out on ice, basified with K2CO3 and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO ), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (1.2g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CH2CI2/CH3OH 99/1; 15-40μm). Two fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 0.5g FI (43%) and 0.4g F2. FI was dissolved in iPrOH. HCl/iPrOH (1 eq) were added. The precipitate was filtered off and dried; Yielding: 0.32g of compound 526 (mp.: 248°C).
Example B 15
Preparation of (compound 471)
Figure imgf000057_0002
A mixture of interm. 33 (0.082 mol) and 3-chloro-2-ethyl-2-butenal (0.098 mol) in- AcOH (200ml) was stirred and refluxed for 8 hours. The solvent was evaporated till dryness. The residue was dissolved in CH2CI2 and washed with K2CO3 10%. The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and the solvent was evaporated. The residue (27 g) was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (eluent: CH Cl /EtOAc 95/5 to 92/8; 15-35μm). Two fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporated. Yielding: 0.7g of FI and 5.3g F2. FI was crystallized from 2-propanone/diethyl ether. The precipitate was filtered off and dried. Yielding: 0.25g of compound 471 (2%) (mp.: 140°C).
Tables 1 to 8 list the compounds of formula (I-A) and (I-B) which were prepared according to one of the above examples.
Figure imgf000058_0001
Figure imgf000058_0002
Figure imgf000059_0001
Figure imgf000060_0001
Figure imgf000061_0001
Figure imgf000062_0001
Figure imgf000063_0001
Figure imgf000064_0001
Figure imgf000065_0001
Figure imgf000066_0001
Figure imgf000067_0001
Figure imgf000068_0001
Figure imgf000069_0001
Figure imgf000070_0002
Table 2
Figure imgf000070_0001
Figure imgf000070_0003
Figure imgf000071_0001
Figure imgf000072_0001
Figure imgf000073_0001
Figure imgf000074_0001
Figure imgf000075_0001
Figure imgf000076_0001
Figure imgf000077_0001
Figure imgf000078_0001
Figure imgf000079_0001
Figure imgf000079_0002
Figure imgf000080_0001
Table 4
Figure imgf000081_0001
Figure imgf000081_0002
Figure imgf000082_0001
02/28837
-82-
Figure imgf000083_0001
Figure imgf000083_0002
Figure imgf000084_0001
Figure imgf000085_0001
Figure imgf000086_0001
Figure imgf000087_0002
Table 7
Figure imgf000087_0001
Figure imgf000087_0003
Figure imgf000088_0001
Figure imgf000089_0001
Figure imgf000090_0001
Figure imgf000091_0001
Figure imgf000092_0001
Table 8:
Figure imgf000092_0002
Figure imgf000093_0001
C. Pharmacological example
Signal transduction at the cloned rat mGluRl receptor in CHO cells
CHO cells expressing the mGluRl receptor were plated in precoated black 96-well plates. The next day, the effect of the present compounds on glutamate-activated intracellular Ca2+ increase was evaluated in a fluorescent based assay. The cells were loaded with Fluo-3 AM, plates were incubated for 1 hour at room temperature in the dark, cells were washed and the present compounds were added onto the cells for 20 minutes. After this incubation time, the glutamate-induced Ca2+ rise was recorded for each well in function of time using the Fluorescent Image Plate Reader (FLIPR,
Molecular Devices Inc.). Relative fluorescence units were recorded and average data graphs of quadruple wells were obtained. Concentration-response curves were constructed based on peak fluorescence (maximum signal between 1 and 90 secondes) for each concentration of tested compound. pICso values are the -log values of the concentration of the tested compounds resulting in 50% inhibition of the glutamate- induced intracellular Ca rise.
The compounds according to the present invention exhibited a pICso value of at least 5. The compounds that are included in the Tables 1-8 exhibited a pIC5o value of at least 6.
A particular group of compounds exhibited a pICso value between 7 and 8. It concerns the compounds listed in Table 9.
Table 9:
Figure imgf000094_0001
Figure imgf000094_0002
Figure imgf000094_0003
Figure imgf000095_0003
Figure imgf000095_0001
Figure imgf000095_0002
A particular group of compounds exhibited a pICso value of at least 8. It concern the compounds listed in Table 10.
Table 10 :
Figure imgf000095_0004
Figure imgf000096_0001
Figure imgf000097_0001
Figure imgf000098_0001
Figure imgf000099_0001
Figure imgf000100_0001
Cold allodynia test in rats with a Bennett ligation.
Surgery:
Male SD rats, weighing 240 - 280 g at the time of surgery were used.
For surgery, the animals were anaesthetised with Thalamonal (1 ml; subcutane) and sodium pentobarbital (40 mg/kg; intraperitoneal (IP)). The common sciatic nerve of the left hindpaw was exposed at the level of the middle of the thigh by blunt dissection through the biceps femoris. Proximal to the sciatic's trifurcation, about 7 mm of nerve was freed and four loose ligatures with 4.0 chromic gut were placed around the sciatic nerve. Great care was taken to tie the ligatures such that the diameter of the nerve was barely constricted. After surgery, the animals received 1.25 mg/kg naloxone IP.
Cold plate testing:
Cold plate testing was performed on a metal plate of 30 X 30 cm with transparent acrylic walls around it. The cold plate was cooled to 0.0 (+ 0.5) °C using a Julabo F25 cooler. For testing, the animal was placed on the cold plate and the duration of lifting of both the left and the right hindpaw was measured during 5 minutes. The difference in lifting time between the ligated and non-ligated paw was calculated.
Testing procedure: At least one week after the operation, animals were placed on the cold plate test and a pre-drug measurement was taken. Animals having a difference in lifting time > 25 secondes between the ligated and the non-ligated paw were selected for drug testing. These selected animals were injected IP with a compound of the present invention and were retested after 60 minutes (post drug test). The results obtained during the post drug test were expressed as a percentage of those of the predrug test.
The data were analysed in terms of all or none criterion (based on the results of control animals) with the limits being: Inhibition: (post-drug pre-drug)*100 < 40 % Antagonism: (post-drug/pre-drug)*100 < 25 %
Compound (27) showed antagonism at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg bodyweight.

Claims

Claims
1. A compound of formula
Figure imgf000102_0001
an N-oxide form, a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, a quaternary amine and a stereochemically isomeric form thereof, wherein
X represents O; C(R6)2 with R6 being hydrogen, aryl or C^alkyl optionally substituted with amino or mono- or d^ -όalky amino; S or Ν-R7 with R7 being amino or hydroxy;
R1 represents -όalkyl; aryl; thienyl; quinolinyl; cycloCs-^alkyl or
(cyclo -^alky -ealkyl, wherein the cycloCs-^alkyl moiety optionally may contain a double bond and wherein one carbon atom in the cycloCs-πalkyl moiety may be replaced by an oxygen atom or an ΝR8-moiety with R8 being hydrogen, benzyl or Cι-6alkyloxycarbonyl ; wherein one or more hydrogen atoms in a -galkyl-moiety or in a cycloCs-πalkyl-moiety optionally may be replaced by
Ci-ealkyl, hydroxy -δalkyl, haloCi-βalkyl, amino -όalkyl, hydroxy, -όalkyloxy, aryl -όalkyloxy, halo, C.-6alkyloxycarbonyl, aryl, amino, mono- or di(Cι-6alkyl)amino, Cι-6alkyloxycarbonylamino, halo, piperazinyl, pyridinyl, morpholinyl, thienyl or a bivalent radical of formula -O-, -O-CH2-O or
-O-CH2-CH2-O-; or a radical of formula (a-1)
Figure imgf000102_0002
a-1
wherein Zi is a single covalent bond, O, NH or CH2; Z2 is a single covalent bond, O, NH or CH2; n is an integer of 0, 1, 2 or 3; and wherein each hydrogen atom in the phenyl ring independently may optionally be replaced by halo, hydroxy, -βalkyl, -βalkyloxy or hydroxyCi-βalkyl; or X and R1 may be taken together with the carbon atom to which X and R1 are attached to form a radical of formula (b-1), (b-2) or (b-3);
Figure imgf000103_0001
b-1 b-2 b-3
R2 represents hydrogen; halo; cyano; Cι-6alkyl; -βalkyloxy; -ealkylthio; d-ealkylcarbonyl; Cι-6alkyloxycarbonyl; Ci-βalkylcarbonyloxy -βalkyl;
C2-6alkenyl; hydroxyC2.6alkenyl; C2-6alkynyl; hydroxyC2-6alkynyl; tri(Cι_ 6alkyl)silaneC2-6alkynyl; amino; mono- or d^ -eal y amino; mono- or
Figure imgf000103_0002
mono- or d -oalkylthioCi-ealky amino; aryl; arylCι-6alkyl; arylC2-6alkynyl; Ci-6alkyloxyCi-6alkylaminoCi-6alkyl; aminocarbonyl optionally substituted with Ci-βalkyl, -ealkyloxyCϊ-θal yl,
Figure imgf000103_0003
or pyridinyl -ealkyl; a heterocycle selected from thienyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, imidazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, piperidinyl and piperazinyl, optionally N-substituted with Ci-βalkyloxy -ealkyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, dioxanyl or dithianyl ; a radical -NH-C(=O)R9 wherein R9 represents
Ci-ealkyl optionally substituted with cycloC3-12alkyl. -όalkyloxy, -galkyloxycarbonyl, aryl, aryloxy, thienyl, pyridinyl, mono- or d C^al y^amino, Ct-δalkylthio, benzylthio, pyridinylthio or pyrimidinylthio; cycloC3-ι2alkyl; cyclohexenyl; amino; arylcycloC3-nalkylamino;
Figure imgf000103_0004
di(C1-6alkyloxycarbonylC1-6alkyl)amino; mono- or (-^(Ci-ealkyloxycarbony^amino; mono-or di(C2.6alkenyl)amino; mono- or di(arylC1-6alkyl)amino; mono- or diarylamino; arylC2-6alkenyl; furanylC2-6alkenyl; piperididinyl; piperazinyl; indolyl; furyl; benzofuryl; tetrahydrofuryl; indenyl; adamantyl; pyridinyl; pyrazinyl; aryl; arylCi-ealkylthio or a radical of formula (a-1) ; a sulfonamid -NH-SO2-R10 wherein R represents Cι-6alkyl, mono- or poly haloCι-6alkyl, arylCi-βalkyl, arylC2-6alkenyl, aryl, quinolinyl, isoxazolyl or di(C1.6alkyl)amino; R3 and R4 each independently represent hydrogen; halo; hydroxy; cyano; C1-6alkyl; Q-βalkyloxy; -ealkyloxy -ealkyl; C..6alkylcarbonyl; d-ealkyloxycarbonyl; C2.6alkenyl; hydroxyC2-6alkenyl; C2-6alkynyl; hydroxyC2.6alkynyl; tri(C1-6alkyl)silaneC2-6alkynyl; amino; mono- or <ft(Cι-6alkyl)amino; mono- or
Figure imgf000104_0001
mono- or di(C1-6alkylthioC1-6alkyl)amino; aryl; morpholinylQ-ealkyl or piperidinylQ-όalkyl ; or
R2 and R3 may be taken together to form -R2-R3-, which represents a bivalent radical of formula -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)5-, -(CH2)6-, -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -Z4-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-Z4-, -Z4-CH2-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-Z4-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-CH2-Z -CH2-, -CH2-CH2-CH2-Z4-, -Z4-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-Z4-CH2- or -CH2-CH2-Z4-, with Z4 being
O, S, SO2 or NR11 wherein R11 is hydrogen, Chalky!, benzyl or Q-ealkyloxycarbonyl; and wherein each bivalent radical is optionally substituted with Chalky!, or R3 and R4 may be taken together to form a bivalent radical of formula -CH=CH-CH=CH- or -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2- ;
R5 represents hydrogen; cycloC3-i2alkyl; piperidinyl; oxo-thienyl; tetrahydrothienyl, arylQ-ealkyl; d-όalkyloxyQ-ealkyl; Q-βalkyloxycarbonylCi-ealkyl or C^alkyl optionally substituted with a radical C(=O)NRxRy, in which Rx and Ry, each independently are hydrogen, cycloCs-^alk l, C2-6alkynyl or Q-ealkyl optionally substituted with cyano, Q-ealkyloxy, C.-6alkyloxycarbonyl, furanyl, pyrrolidinyl, benzylthio, pyridinyl, pyrrolyl or thienyl; Y represents O or S; or Y and R5 may be taken together to form =Y-R5- which represents a radical of formula -CH=N-N= (c-1);
-N=N-N= (c-2); or
-N-CH=CH- (c-3); aryl represents phenyl or naphthyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halo, hydroxy, Q-ealkyl, C^alkyloxy, phenyloxy, nitro, amino, thio, Cι-6alkylthio, haloCι-6alkyl, polyhaloCi-βalkyl, poIyhaloQ-ealkyloxy, hydroxyCi-βalkyl, Q-όalkyloxyQ-galkyl, aminoCi-ealkyl, mono-or d Q- 6alkyl)amino; mono-or di(Cι-6alkyl)aminoC1.6alkyl, cyano, -CO-R12, -CO-OR13, -NR13SO2R12, -SO2-NR13R14, -NR13C(O)R12, -C(O)NR13R14, -SOR12, -SO2R 12. wherein each R12, R13 and R14 independently represent C!-6alkyl; cycloC3-6alkyl; phenyl; phenyl substituted with halo, hydroxy, d-6alkyl, Ci-6alkyloxy, haloCι-6alkyl, polyhalod-όalkyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl or oxazolyl;
and when the RJ-C(=X) moiety is linked to another position than the 7 or 8 position, then said 7 and 8 position may be substituted with R15 and R16 wherein either one or both of R15 and R16 represents
Figure imgf000105_0001
d-6alkyloxy or R15 and R16 taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -CH=CH-CH=CH-.
2. A compound according to claim 1, characterized in that,
X represents O; C(R6)2 with R6 being hydrogen or aryl ; or N-R7 with R7 being amino or hydroxy; R1 represents d-6alkyl, aryl; thienyl; quinolinyl; cyclod-^alkyl or
(cyclod-πalky d-ealkyl, wherein the cycloC3-12alkyl moiety optionally may contain a double bond and wherein one carbon atom in the cycloC3-12alkyl moiety may be replaced by an oxygen atom or an NR -moiety with R being benzyl or d-6alkyloxycarbonyl ; wherein one or more hydrogen atoms in a d.6alkyl-moiety or in a cycloC3-i2alkyl-moiety optionally may be replaced by d-6alkyl, halod-6alkyl, hydroxy, d-ealkyloxy, aryld-6alkyloxy, halo, aryl, mono- or di(d.6alkyl)amino, d-ealkyloxycarbonylamino, halo, piperazinyl, pyridinyl, morpholinyl, thienyl or a bivalent radical of formula -O- or -O-CH2-CH2-O-; or a radical of formula (a-1)
Figure imgf000105_0002
a-1
wherein . is a single covalent bond, O or CH2; Z2 is a single covalent bond, O or CH2; n is an integer of 0, 1 , or 2 ; and wherein each hydrogen atom in the phenyl ring independently may optionally be replaced by halo or hydroxy; or X and R1 may be taken together with the carbon atom to which X and R1 are attached to form a radical of formula (b-1), (b-2) or (b-3);
Figure imgf000106_0001
b-1 b-2 b-3
R2 represents hydrogen; halo; cyano; d-6alkyl; d-βalkyloxy; d-βalkylthio; d-6alkylcarbonyl; d-6alkyloxycarbonyl; C2-6alkenyl; hydroxyd-βalkenyl; C2-6alkynyl; hydroxyC2.6alkynyl; tri(C1_6alkyl)silaneC2-6alkynyl; amino; mono- or di(d-6alkyl)amino; mono- or di(C1.6alkyloxyC1-6alkyl)amino; mono- or di(C1-6alkylthioCι-6alkyl)amino; aryl; aryld-6alkyl; arylC2-6alkynyl;
C i-β lkyloxyC ι -6alkylaminoC ι -6alkyl ; aminocarbonyl optionally substituted with d^alkyloxycarbonyld-όalkyl ; a heterocycle selected from thienyl, furanyl, thiazolyl and piperidinyl, optionally
N-substituted with morpholinyl or thiomorpholinyl; a radical -NH-C(=O)R9 wherein R9 represents C!-6alkyl optionally substituted with cyclod-πalkyl, d-βalkyloxy, d-ealkyloxycarbonyl, aryl, aryloxy, thienyl, pyridinyl, mono- or di(C1-6alkyl)amino, C ^alkylthio, benzylthio, pyridinylthio or pyrimidinylthio; cycloC3-i2alkyl; cyclohexenyl; amino; arylcycloC3.12alkylamino; mono-or-di(C1-6alkyl)amino; mono- or di(C1-6alkyloxycarbonylC1-6alkyl)amino; mono- or di(d-ealkyloxycarbonyl)amino; mono-or di(C2-6alkenyl)amino; mono- or di(arylCi-6alkyl)amino; mono- or diarylamino; arylC2-6alkenyl; furanylC2-6alkenyl; piperididinyl; piperazinyl; indolyl; furyl; benzofuryl; tetrahydrofuryl; indenyl; adamantyl; pyridinyl; pyrazinyl; aryl or a radical of formula (a-1) ; a sulfonamid -NH-SO2-R10 wherein R10 represents d-βalkyl, mono- or poly halod-βalkyl, aryld.6alkyl or aryl; R3 and R4 each independently represent hydrogen; d-6alkyl; d-ealkyloxyd-ealkyl; d-6alkyloxycarbonyl; or R2 and R3 may be taken together to form -R2-R3-, which represents a bivalent radical of formula -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)5-, -Z4-CH=CH-, -Z4-CH2-CH2-CH2- or -Z4-CH2-CH2-, with Z4 being O, S, SO2 or NR11 wherein R11 is hydrogen, d-6alkyl, benzyl or d-ealkyloxycarbonyl; and wherein each bivalent radical is optionally substituted with d-6alkyl; or R3 and R4 may be taken together to form a bivalent radical of formula
-CH=CH-CH=CH- or-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2- ; R5 represents hydrogen; piperidinyl; oxo-thienyl; tetrahydrothienyl, aryld-βalkyl;
Cϊ-ealkyloxycarbonylCi-ealkyl or d-6alkyl optionally substituted with a radical C(=O)NRxRy, in which Rx and Ry, each independently are hydrogen, cyclod-πalkyl, d-βalkynyl or d-6alkyl optionally substituted with cyano, d-6alkyloxy or d-6alkyloxycarbonyl;
Y represents O or S; or Y and R5 may be taken together to form =Y-R5- which represents a radical of formula
-CH=N-N= (c-1); or
-N=N-N= (c-2); aryl represents phenyl or naphthyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halo, d-βalkyloxy, phenyloxy, mono-or di(C1-6alkyl)amino and cyano; and when the R1-C(=X) moiety is linked to another position than the 7 or 8 position, then said 7 and 8 position may be substituted with R15 and R16 wherein either one or both of R and R represents d-ealkyl or R and R taken together may form a bivalent radical of formula -CH=CH-CH=CH-.
3. A compound according to claim 1, characterized in that, X represents O;
R1 represents Cι-6alkyl; cycloC3-12alkyl or (cyclod-^alky^d-ealkyl, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms in a d-ealkyl-moiety or in a cyclod-^alkyl-moiety optionally may be replaced by d-6alkyloxy, aryl, halo or thienyl; R2 represents hydrogen; halo; d-6alkyl or amino; R3 and R4 each independently represent hydrogen or Cι-6alkyl; or R2 and R3 may be taken together to form -R2-R3-, which represents a bivalent radical of formula -Z4-CH2-CH2-CH2- or -Z4-CH2-CH2- with Z4 being O or NR11 wherein
R11 is d-βalkyl; and wherein each bivalent radical is optionally substituted with d-6alkyl; or R3 and R4 may be taken together to form a bivalent radical of formula
Figure imgf000107_0001
R5 represents hydrogen;
Y represents O; and aryl represents phenyl optionally substituted with halo.
4. A compound as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the R*-C(=X) moiety is linked to the quinoline or quinolinone moiety in position 6.
5. A compound as claimed in claim 1 for use as a medicine.
6. Use of a compound as defined in claims 1 to 4 in the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing glutamate-induced diseases of the central nervous system.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that, the glutamate-induced disease of the central nervous system is drug addiction or abstinence (dependence, opioid tolerance, opioid withdrawal), hypoxic, anoxic and ischemic injuries (ischemic stroke, cardiac arrest), pain (neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, hyperalgesia), hypoglycemia, diseases related to neuronal damage, brain trauma, head trauma, spinal cord injury, myelopathy, dementia, anxiety, schizophrenia, depression, impaired cognition, amnesia, bipolar disorders, conduct disorders, Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, mixed (Alzheimer's and vascular) dementia, Lewy Body disease, delirium or confusion, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Down syndrome, epilepsy, aging, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) and AIDS related complex (ARC).
8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and as active ingredient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as defined in claims 1 to 4.
9. A process of preparing a composition as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is intimately mixed with a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as described in claims 1 to 4.
10. A process of preparing a compound of formula (I-A) or (I-B) as claimed in claim 1, characterized by a) oxidizing an intermediate of formula (II) in the presence of a suitable oxidizing agent
Figure imgf000108_0001
with R1 as defined in claim 1 and Q representing the quinoline or the quinolinone moiety of a compound of formula (I-A) or (I-B); or b) reacting an intermediate of formula (HI) with an intermediate of formula (IN) o β1 « II
FT — C---=Ν + Wf— Q ► R1 — C— Q
Figure imgf000108_0002
with R1 as defined in claim 1, Q representing the quinoline or the quinolinone moiety of a compound of formula (I-A) or (I-B) and Wt being a suitable leaving group; or c) reacting an intermediate of formula (N) with an intermediate of formula (IN)
Figure imgf000109_0001
with R1 as defined in claim 1, Q representing the quinoline or the quinolinone moiety of a compound of formula (I-A) or (I-B) and Wi being a suitable leaving group; or d) reacting an intermediate of formula (VI) with an intermediate of formula (NH) in the presence of a suitable acid
O O
R 1a
-OH + HO— C— Q R19 — O— C— Q
Figure imgf000109_0002
with Rla being defined as R1 according to claim 1 provided that R1 is linked to the carbonyl moiety via a oxygen atom and Q representing the quinoline or the quinolinone moiety of a compound of formula (I-A) or (I-B); or e) reacting an intermediate of formula (N-QT) in the presence of a suitable acid
Figure imgf000109_0003
(l-A-1)
(VIM) with R1 , X, R3 and R4 defined as in claim 1 ;
and, if desired, converting compounds of formula (I-A) or (I-B) into each other following art-known transformations; and further, if desired, converting the compounds of formula (I-A) or (I-B), into a therapeutically active non-toxic acid addition salt by treatment with an acid, or conversely, converting the acid addition salt form into the free base by treatment with alkali; and, if desired, preparing stereochemically isomeric forms, quaternary amines or N-oxide forms thereof.
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