[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2002022139A1 - Intraarticular agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis - Google Patents

Intraarticular agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002022139A1
WO2002022139A1 PCT/IB2000/001300 IB0001300W WO0222139A1 WO 2002022139 A1 WO2002022139 A1 WO 2002022139A1 IB 0001300 W IB0001300 W IB 0001300W WO 0222139 A1 WO0222139 A1 WO 0222139A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
agent
gelling
cross
osteoarthritis
composition
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2000/001300
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert Theiler
Original Assignee
Robert Theiler
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Theiler filed Critical Robert Theiler
Priority to AU2000268609A priority Critical patent/AU2000268609A1/en
Priority to PCT/IB2000/001300 priority patent/WO2002022139A1/en
Publication of WO2002022139A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002022139A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • A61K31/716Glucans
    • A61K31/717Celluloses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/74Synthetic polymeric materials
    • A61K31/765Polymers containing oxygen
    • A61K31/78Polymers containing oxygen of acrylic acid or derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/02Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis

Definitions

  • Intraarticular agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis is an Intraarticular agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis
  • the present invention concerns an agent for the intraarticular treatment of osteoarthritis, in particular an agent comprising a gel forming agent or a solidifying agent such as e.g. a gel forming agent with cross-linking ability.
  • HA hyaluronic acid
  • fractions of hyaluronic acid, or rather salts of HA have been used for treating osteoarthritis, i.e. damaged bone joints.
  • Such fractions differ e.g. in the viscosity of the respective solutions.
  • gelling agents or solidifying agents also referred to as prepolymer, or reactive polymer resin
  • hyaluronic acid in particular celluloses including cellulose derivatives and "mixed" celluloses such as hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
  • hyaluronic acid While hyaluronic acid is soluble in water leading to more or less viscous solutions dependent on the fraction and concentration used, it can only be transferred into a gel by cross-linking (see EP 0 939 086) .
  • cross-linking and in particular the use of cross-linking agents, can be avoided by using readily gelling agents such as celluloses.
  • gelling agents with slightly acidic groups such as OH-groups are preferred.
  • a preferred cellulose is e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose .
  • Another gelling agent with very good gelling properties, that for said good gelling properties can be used in very small amounts, are vinyl polymers such as e.g. polyacrylates .
  • Polyacrylates have the great advantage that they lead to very viscous gels in small amounts, their disadvantage, however, is that they need a neutralizing agent in order to achieve the desired gelling.
  • Preferred neutralizing agents are of course such that are physiologically acceptable and much preferred, such neutralizing agents are effective substances, e.g. anti-inflammatory agents such as steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflam- matory agents, cytokine-binding antibodies, anti-infec- tuous agents such as antibiotics.
  • Such effective substances can of course also be incorporated in a cellulose preparation.
  • solidifying agent encompasses all physiologically acceptable cross-linkable resins or pre- polymers, respectively.
  • reactive polymer resins e.g.' are gelling agents comprising reactive groups such as suitably substituted celluloses.
  • Celluloses as well as polyacrylates, have the advantage that - due to the inability of the bodies of several mammals including man to degrade (digest) them - they have good long lasting properties.
  • the cross-linked polymers not only the prepolymer but also the cross-linking agent, or the groups produced upon cross-linking should be undegradable to improve the long time effect.
  • Modes for Carrying Out the Invention Although a broad variety of celluloses is usable, due to the presence of OH groups, hydroxy substi- tuted celluloses, such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, are preferred.
  • Hydroxy substituted celluloses as well as other "acidic" substituted compounds, more readily migrate to an inflamed place than "not acidic” substituted compounds, however very acidic groups or too many acidic groups might lead to undesired solubility.
  • concentrations can be applied whereby the injectability must be conserved. This may be achieved by suitably low concentration or - in the case of gelling agents needing neutralization - by mixing with the neutralization agent just prior to injection so that gelling does not yet occur within the syringe.
  • the same procedure is also suitable for solidifying agents, whereby the solidifying agent, prior to application, is present in one component and the cross-linking agent in a second component, and whereby both components are mixed just prior to application.
  • one of the components can furthermore comprise a catalyst or other reaction/reactivity improv- ing agent .
  • one of the components comprises a resin component and the second component a cross-linking agent.
  • one of the components may comprise a catalyst and/or other reaction/reactivity improving agent .
  • the gelling or solidifying agent comprising solution may be supplemented with physiologically acceptable or even necessary substances, such as isotonicity providing agents, but also with other effective substances to e.g. reduce the inflammation and/or pain.
  • physiologically acceptable or even necessary substances such as isotonicity providing agents, but also with other effective substances to e.g. reduce the inflammation and/or pain.
  • mixtures of such compounds e.g. mixtures of gelling agents, mix- tures of solidifying agents etc. can be used provided that they are compatible with each other.
  • Such possible mixtures are e.g. mixtures of different cellulose derivatives .
  • the gelling or solidifying agent comprising injectable medical agent is preferably stored in sterile syringes of e.g. 2 ml, 3 ml and 4 ml volume, whereby for the production of a cross-linked product, in particular in the case of damaged bones, larger amounts and therefore larger syringes, or infusion bags with volumes up to 200 ml may be suitable.
  • An example for a suitable cellulose solution comprises
  • the balanced salt solution e.g. comprises
  • the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is e.g. added to about 1/3 of the needed balanced salt solution that previously was heated to about 60 °C. As soon as the product is homogeneous, the remaining balanced salt solu- tion (cool) is added. The obtained gel is then dosed into syringes or vials or other sterilizable containers and sterilized according to known methods.
  • a respectively prepared product can be di- rectly injected into a joint to be treated with the same methods known for the treatment with hyaluronic acid.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Rheumatology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Gelling agents and agents that are solidifying due to cross-linking as agents for the treatment of osteoarthritis are described.

Description

Intraarticular agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis
Technical Field
The present invention concerns an agent for the intraarticular treatment of osteoarthritis, in particular an agent comprising a gel forming agent or a solidifying agent such as e.g. a gel forming agent with cross-linking ability.
Background Art
Osteoarthritis, i.e. painful joints, is due to a production deficiency of hyaluronic acid (HA) . HA is a high molecular weight, straight-chain heteropolysaccha- ride consisting of alternating residues of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine that is present in the synovial fluid of joints where it has a function as a lu- bricant and as a shock absorber.
With water, HA forms a highly viscous solution.
Hitherto, specific fractions of hyaluronic acid, or rather salts of HA, have been used for treating osteoarthritis, i.e. damaged bone joints. Such fractions differ e.g. in the viscosity of the respective solutions.
Such application, as well as the isolation of useful fractions of hyaluronic acid for such purposes, is e.g. described in US 5,925,626, US 5,631,241, US 5,442,053 and 5,166,331.
It is also already known to crosslink hyaluronic acid such that it is suitable for visco-supplemen- tation of joints (see EP 0 939 086) .
Although such treatment with hyaluronic acid has proved to be suitable to reduce the pain in joints, it is quite expensive and the treatment has to be repeated regularly. Therefore, there is still a need for an alternative, cheaper and preferably longer lasting alternative .
Disclosure of the Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved agent for the intraarticular treatment of osteoarthritis. It is a further object of the present invention to provide such an agent that is a viscosupplementa- tion agent.
It has now surprisingly been found that specific gelling agents or solidifying agents (also referred to as prepolymer, or reactive polymer resin) can be used instead of hyaluronic acid, in particular celluloses including cellulose derivatives and "mixed" celluloses such as hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
While hyaluronic acid is soluble in water leading to more or less viscous solutions dependent on the fraction and concentration used, it can only be transferred into a gel by cross-linking (see EP 0 939 086) . Such cross-linking, and in particular the use of cross-linking agents, can be avoided by using readily gelling agents such as celluloses.
In view of their greater ability to migrate to inflamed tissue, gelling agents with slightly acidic groups such as OH-groups are preferred. Thus, a preferred cellulose is e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose . Another gelling agent with very good gelling properties, that for said good gelling properties can be used in very small amounts, are vinyl polymers such as e.g. polyacrylates .
Polyacrylates have the great advantage that they lead to very viscous gels in small amounts, their disadvantage, however, is that they need a neutralizing agent in order to achieve the desired gelling. Preferred neutralizing agents are of course such that are physiologically acceptable and much preferred, such neutralizing agents are effective substances, e.g. anti-inflammatory agents such as steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflam- matory agents, cytokine-binding antibodies, anti-infec- tuous agents such as antibiotics.
Such effective substances can of course also be incorporated in a cellulose preparation.
Since also gels, similar to viscous solu- tions, due to their features lead to reduced protection with time, the effect can be enhanced if such gelling agents are furthermore cross-linked to "stabilize" the structure. Such viscosupplementation leads to a shock absorbing mass, a buffer, provided that said cross-linked polymer has sufficient elasticity. Methods to enhance elasticity of a formed polymer and to achieve cross- linking are known in the field of polymer chemistry and agents that are physiologically acceptable are also known . Besides of elastic cross-linked products also inelastic products may be used if the bones are already damaged to an extent where a "bone restitution" seems appropriate .
The term solidifying agent encompasses all physiologically acceptable cross-linkable resins or pre- polymers, respectively. Such reactive polymer resins e.g.' are gelling agents comprising reactive groups such as suitably substituted celluloses.
Celluloses, as well as polyacrylates, have the advantage that - due to the inability of the bodies of several mammals including man to degrade (digest) them - they have good long lasting properties. Also with regard to the cross-linked polymers, not only the prepolymer but also the cross-linking agent, or the groups produced upon cross-linking should be undegradable to improve the long time effect. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention Although a broad variety of celluloses is usable, due to the presence of OH groups, hydroxy substi- tuted celluloses, such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, are preferred.
Hydroxy substituted celluloses, as well as other "acidic" substituted compounds, more readily migrate to an inflamed place than "not acidic" substituted compounds, however very acidic groups or too many acidic groups might lead to undesired solubility.
Dependent on the viscosity desired, different concentrations can be applied whereby the injectability must be conserved. This may be achieved by suitably low concentration or - in the case of gelling agents needing neutralization - by mixing with the neutralization agent just prior to injection so that gelling does not yet occur within the syringe. The same procedure is also suitable for solidifying agents, whereby the solidifying agent, prior to application, is present in one component and the cross-linking agent in a second component, and whereby both components are mixed just prior to application. Possibly, one of the components can furthermore comprise a catalyst or other reaction/reactivity improv- ing agent .
In the case of a solidifying agent, a similar method can be applied, whereby one of the components comprises a resin component and the second component a cross-linking agent. Furthermore, one of the components may comprise a catalyst and/or other reaction/reactivity improving agent .
Besides of the gelling or solidifying agent, the gelling or solidifying agent comprising solution may be supplemented with physiologically acceptable or even necessary substances, such as isotonicity providing agents, but also with other effective substances to e.g. reduce the inflammation and/or pain. Wherever a gelling or solidifying compound or other possible ingredients are mentioned, it is also within the scope of the present invention that mixtures of such compounds, e.g. mixtures of gelling agents, mix- tures of solidifying agents etc. can be used provided that they are compatible with each other. Such possible mixtures are e.g. mixtures of different cellulose derivatives .
The gelling or solidifying agent comprising injectable medical agent is preferably stored in sterile syringes of e.g. 2 ml, 3 ml and 4 ml volume, whereby for the production of a cross-linked product, in particular in the case of damaged bones, larger amounts and therefore larger syringes, or infusion bags with volumes up to 200 ml may be suitable.
An example for a suitable cellulose solution comprises
i) hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 23.0 g (e.g. Methocel E 4 M Premium) ii) balanced salt solution ad. 1 liter
the balanced salt solution e.g. comprises
sodium chloride 4.90 g potassium chloride 0.75 g calcium chloride 0.48 g magnesium chloride 0.50 g sodium acetate 3.90 g sodium citrate 1.70 g hydrochloric acid ad pH 7.45 water ad 1 liter
The hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is e.g. added to about 1/3 of the needed balanced salt solution that previously was heated to about 60 °C. As soon as the product is homogeneous, the remaining balanced salt solu- tion (cool) is added. The obtained gel is then dosed into syringes or vials or other sterilizable containers and sterilized according to known methods.
A respectively prepared product can be di- rectly injected into a joint to be treated with the same methods known for the treatment with hyaluronic acid..
An analogous method can be applied to prepare other sterilized gelling or solidifying components and neutralizing or cross-linking components. While there are shown and described presently preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be distinctly understood that the invention is not limited thereto but may be otherwise variously embodied and practiced within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

Claims
1. Use of at least one gelling or solidifying agent for the preparation of a medicament for the intraarticular treatment of osteoarthritis.
2. The use of claim 1 wherein the gelling agent is a cellulose derivative, in particular an OH substituted cellulose derivative.
3. The use of claim 2 wherein the gelling agent comprises and preferably is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose .
4. The use of claim 1 wherein the gelling agent is a vinyl polymer, in particular a polyacrylic acid.
5. The use of anyone of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the solidifying agent is a reactive polymer resin, that solidifies if cross-linked.
6. A medical 2 -component-composition, in par- ticular as agent for the intraarticular treatment of osteoarthritis, wherein one component comprises a solidifying agent and a second component comprises a cross- linking agent.
7. The composition of claim 6, wherein one of the components comprises a catalyst that activates the cross-1inking .
8. A method for preparing a gelled or solidified agent comprising mixing a gelling agent with a neutralizing agent, or a solidifying agent with a cross- linking agent, whereby the mixing is performed directly prior to injection.
9. A medical composition comprising in one or more components a gelling or solidifying agent of one of claims 1 to 5 and at least one further effective sub- stance.
10. The composition of claim 6 wherein the further effective substance is selected from the group comprising anti-inflammatory agents such as steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, cytokine-binding antibodies, anti-infectuous agents such as antibiotics, and mixtures thereof .
11. Use of a composition of claim 9 or 10 for the preparation of a medicament for the intraarticular treatment of osteoarthritis.
PCT/IB2000/001300 2000-09-14 2000-09-14 Intraarticular agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis WO2002022139A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2000268609A AU2000268609A1 (en) 2000-09-14 2000-09-14 Intraarticular agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis
PCT/IB2000/001300 WO2002022139A1 (en) 2000-09-14 2000-09-14 Intraarticular agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2000/001300 WO2002022139A1 (en) 2000-09-14 2000-09-14 Intraarticular agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002022139A1 true WO2002022139A1 (en) 2002-03-21

Family

ID=11003973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2000/001300 WO2002022139A1 (en) 2000-09-14 2000-09-14 Intraarticular agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2000268609A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002022139A1 (en)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1455552A (en) * 1974-04-11 1976-11-17 Warner Lambert Co Pharmaceutical composition for topical administration
JPH01207055A (en) * 1987-07-28 1989-08-21 F Treiger Seymour Modified joint disease treatment method and drug
WO1990004971A1 (en) * 1988-11-03 1990-05-17 M.D.R. Group, Inc. Improved viscoelastic fluid for use in surgery and other therapies and method of using same
EP0499164A1 (en) * 1991-02-12 1992-08-19 C.R. Bard, Inc. Injectable compositions to replace lubricating body fluids
WO1994025004A1 (en) * 1993-04-30 1994-11-10 Webb Bradford C Synthetic viscoelastic material for ophthalmic applications
US5442053A (en) * 1982-09-28 1995-08-15 Fidia, S.P.A. Salts and mixtures of hyaluronic acid with pharmaceutically active substances, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and methods for administration of such compositions
EP0939086A1 (en) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-01 Stichting Hippomedics Process for producing crosslinked hyaluronic acid

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1455552A (en) * 1974-04-11 1976-11-17 Warner Lambert Co Pharmaceutical composition for topical administration
US5442053A (en) * 1982-09-28 1995-08-15 Fidia, S.P.A. Salts and mixtures of hyaluronic acid with pharmaceutically active substances, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and methods for administration of such compositions
JPH01207055A (en) * 1987-07-28 1989-08-21 F Treiger Seymour Modified joint disease treatment method and drug
WO1990004971A1 (en) * 1988-11-03 1990-05-17 M.D.R. Group, Inc. Improved viscoelastic fluid for use in surgery and other therapies and method of using same
EP0499164A1 (en) * 1991-02-12 1992-08-19 C.R. Bard, Inc. Injectable compositions to replace lubricating body fluids
WO1994025004A1 (en) * 1993-04-30 1994-11-10 Webb Bradford C Synthetic viscoelastic material for ophthalmic applications
EP0939086A1 (en) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-01 Stichting Hippomedics Process for producing crosslinked hyaluronic acid

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ADAMS M E ET AL: "THE ROLE OF VISCOSUPPLEMENTATION WITH HYLAN G-F 20 (SYNVISC) IN THETREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE: A CANADIAN MULTICENTER TRIAL COMPARING HYLAN G-F 20 ALONE, HYLAN G-F 20 WITH NON-STERIODALANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDS) AND NSAIDS ALONE", OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE,GB,BAILLIERE TINDALL, LONDON, vol. 3, no. 4, 1995, pages 213 - 225, XP002045971, ISSN: 1063-4584 *
M. H. BEERS: "The Merk Manual", 1999, MERK RESEARCH LABORATORIES, USA, XP002166390 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 06 31 March 1999 (1999-03-31) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2000268609A1 (en) 2002-03-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR102076337B1 (en) Composition for injection of hyaluronic acid comprising cross-linked hyaluronic acid derivative and DNA fraction, and use thereof
CA2876070C (en) Method of preparing a composition based on hyaluronic acid
TWI641393B (en) Sterile injectable aqueous formulation containing cross-linked hyaluronic acid and hydroxyapatite for cosmetic use
ES2969063T3 (en) Compositions of in situ cross-linkable polysaccharides and uses thereof
KR101868183B1 (en) Process of preparing a cross linked gel
EP3027186B1 (en) Process for the preparation of compositions comprising hyaluronic acid and mepivacaine hydrochloride
US20110230438A1 (en) Viscoelastic gel for dermatological use
JP2022046711A (en) Hemostatic composition including cross-linked hyaluronic acid derivative matrix
EP3316911B1 (en) Method of preparing a composition based on hyaluronic acid
EP0939086B1 (en) Process for producing crosslinked hyaluronic acid
CN105107018A (en) Method for preparing sterile injectable materials
JP4597672B2 (en) Method for producing sterile high molecular weight hyaluronic acid formulation
WO2002022139A1 (en) Intraarticular agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis
CN111249172A (en) Beauty injection gel and preparation method thereof
CA2956658C (en) Composition comprising polyglucosamine-glyoxylate solutions mixed with hyaluronan
KR20190012129A (en) Composition for improving the stability of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid and dermal filler comprising the same
US10857176B2 (en) Composition comprising polyglucosamine-glyoxylate solutions mixed with hyaluronan
US10449214B2 (en) Use of hyaluronic acid
KR20210053275A (en) Hemostatic Composition comprising cross-linked hyaluronic acid derivative matrix
WO2019121694A1 (en) Injectable compositions of cross-linked hyaluronic acid and bupivacaine, and uses thereof
MX2008008639A (en) Dermatological viscoelastic gel
ITMI930706A1 (en) GLYCOSAMINOGLICAN WATER SOLUBLE COMPLEXES, THEIR PREPARATION PROCEDURE AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS THAT CONTAIN THEM

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP