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WO2001023326A1 - Cartouches explosives - Google Patents

Cartouches explosives Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001023326A1
WO2001023326A1 PCT/IB2000/001379 IB0001379W WO0123326A1 WO 2001023326 A1 WO2001023326 A1 WO 2001023326A1 IB 0001379 W IB0001379 W IB 0001379W WO 0123326 A1 WO0123326 A1 WO 0123326A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blasting
emulsion
cross
agent
sleeve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2000/001379
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mark Lee Thomas
Rosemarie Weber
Keith Neville Wilson
Original Assignee
Bulk Mining Explosives (Pty.) Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bulk Mining Explosives (Pty.) Ltd. filed Critical Bulk Mining Explosives (Pty.) Ltd.
Priority to AU74385/00A priority Critical patent/AU7438500A/en
Publication of WO2001023326A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001023326A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
    • C06B47/14—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/001—Fillers, gelling and thickening agents (e.g. fibres), absorbents for nitroglycerine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
    • C06B47/14—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase
    • C06B47/145—Water in oil emulsion type explosives in which a carbonaceous fuel forms the continuous phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/087—Flexible or deformable blasting cartridges, e.g. bags or hoses for slurries

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to a blasting cartridge, a method of producing the cartridge and a blasting composition.
  • a blasting cartridge usually comprises a blasting agent such as an emulsion explosives composition contained within a tubular plastics sleeve.
  • the sleeve is gathered and closed at either end with a metal or plastics clip or a knot to form a sausage-shaped cartridge.
  • the metal or plastics clip or knot is needed to prevent the blasting agent from flowing out of the cartridge.
  • a problem experienced with blasting cartridges is that the mechanical closing of the ends of the cartridges, by clips and knotting is time consuming and requires special machinery. Furthermore, when clips are used, the clips often cause jams in the machinery, which results in wasted production time and blasting agent. Secondly, when cartridges are loaded into a bore hole, the clips or knotted ends of adjacent cartridges cause gaps between the cartridges which may lead to "decoupling" between adjacent cartridges in a bore hole. This decoupling between cartridges retards the propagation of an explosives reaction between cartridges within a borehole, on detonation.
  • a blasting cartridge comprising:
  • a plastics sleeve having a first end and second end, with at least one of the ends being only crimped, preferably open; and blasting agent contained within the sleeve, wherein the blasting agent is sufficiently viscous to remain within the sleeve during normal packaging and transport without exuding from the crimped or open end or ends.
  • the blasting agent may be a slurry, water gel or emulsion explosives composition.
  • the composition includes a rheology modifier to increase the viscosity thereof.
  • the rheology modifier may be a polymer or waxes.
  • the polymer is formed by the reaction of a polymerizable compound and a crosslinking agent, during the preparation of the explosives composition.
  • the composition has the consistency of dough, preferably spongy rubber.
  • the composition is an emulsion explosives composition.
  • the sleeve is usually formed from at least one plastics film.
  • a method of producing blasting cartridges containing an emulsion explosives composition including the steps of: a) providing a fuel phase containing a fuel oil and an emulsifying agent;
  • the ends of the cartridges are not crimped and are left open after cutting.
  • a rheology modifier is added to the fuel phase of a composition to ensure that the composition within the sleeve, after the cutting step 5, is sufficiently viscous to remain within the sleeve during normal packaging and transport without exuding from the crimped or open ends thereof.
  • the rheology modifier is a polymer.
  • a polymerizable compound and cross-linking agent is added to the fuel phase at step 1 to form the polymer.
  • a portion of the cross-linking agent is added to the fuel phase at step a, and the rest of the cross-linking agent is added to the emulsion formed at step c.
  • the cross-linking agent is typically a di-isocyanate such as diphenyl methane isocyanate.
  • the polymerizable compound is preferably a compound that has hydroxyl functional groups that are cross-linked by the di-isocyanate cross-linking agent.
  • the preferred polymerizable compound is a fat or fatty oil, particularly a vegetable oil such as castor oil.
  • the emulsifying agent may be sorbitan mono oleate, but is preferably a combination of sorbitan mono oleate and poly isobutyl succinic anhydride.
  • an emulsion explosives composition containing a fuel phase, an aqueous phase, an emulsifying agent, a cross-linking agent and a polymerizable compound, wherein the polymerizable compound has hydroxyl functional groups, such as a fatty oil or fat, for example a vegetable oil such as castor oil.
  • the fuel phase is made up of the following ingredients:
  • Vegetable oil such as Castor oil 9 - 54%
  • the fuel phase is made up of the following ingredients:
  • Vegetable oil such as Castor oil 18 - 24% Emulsifying agent 26-32% Di-isocyanate cross-linking agent 10 - 14%,
  • the di-isocyanate cross-linking agent is crude di-phenyl methane isocyanate.
  • the emulsifying agent may be sorbitan mono oleate, but is preferably a combination of sorbitan mono oleate and poly isobutyl succinic anhydride.
  • the drawing is a flow diagram of a process for producing blasting cartridges according to the invention.
  • a blasting cartridge according to the invention comprises a tubular sleeve of plastics film containing a blasting agent.
  • the ends of the sleeve are only crimped, i.e. they are not closed with a clip or by knotting. In a preferred embodiment the ends of the sleeve are left open, i.e. they are not even crimped.
  • the plastics film may be a single a sheet of high density polyethylene having a thickness of about 100 microns (0.0001 m) or it may be laminated (for example, a trilaminate of polyethylene or polyethylene terephthalate films).
  • the cartridge will usually have a diameter of 25 to 50mm and a length of 30cm.
  • the rheology of the blasting agent is modified so that it is sufficiently viscous to be contained within the sleeve (ie. it does not exude from the crimped or open ends of the sleeve) during normal packaging and transport so that the ends thereof do not need to be closed by way of clipping or knotting.
  • the blasting agent may be a slurry, water gel or emulsion explosives composition, with the rheology thereof adjusted to provide the required viscosity.
  • a typical water gel formulation would comprise ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, ethylene glycol, thickeners, a sensitizer such as monomethyl ammonium nitrate, aluminium, sulphur, a density agent, and if required an emulsifier and oil or wax.
  • the viscosity of such compositions may be increased by hydrating the composition with a hydrating polymer thickener.
  • a cross-linking agent could also be used to further increase the viscosity of the composition.
  • an emulsion explosives composition with the required viscosity comprises an aqueous phase containing oxidizer salts and a fuel phase containing a fuel oil, an emulsifier, a polymerizable compound and cross-linking agent (optionally a catalyst) and/or waxes.
  • the ratio of fuel phase to aqueous phase in an emulsion explosives composition is 10:90 to 6:94, by weight of the composition.
  • the oxidizer in the aqueous phase is typically a nitrate salt, such as ammonium nitrate.
  • the fuel oil will usually comprise 19% to 60%, typically 35% to 45%, by weight of the fuel phase. Any oil that will act as a fuel in an explosives reaction may be used as the fuel oil, the main requirement is it is compatible with the cross-linking agent employed.
  • a preferred cross-linking agent is a modified di-isocyanate (MDI) such as diphenylmethane isocyanate.
  • MDI modified di-isocyanate
  • the cross-linking agent comprises 5% to 20% (typically 10% to 14%) by weight of the fuel phase.
  • the MDI reacts with functional groups of the polymerizable compound in the fuel phase, to form a cross-linked matrix between the functional groups of the polymerizable compound and the MDI, with the aqueous phase with the droplets of the aqueous phase acting as inclusion bodies.
  • the polymerizable compound may be any agent that is polymerized with a cross-linking agent, to increase the viscosity of the composition.
  • the polymerizable compound may comprise from 9% to 54% (typically 18% to 24%) by weight of the fuel phase, depending on the polymerizable compound used.
  • Suitable polymerizable compounds are compounds having the following functional groups that may be cross-linked by an isocyanate cross-linking agent: hydroxyl, amine, urethan, disubstituted urea, carboxyl, sulfhydryl, imino, substituted amino, carbonamide, substituted carbonamide, sulfonamide, substituted sulfonamide, thioamide and sulferic groups.
  • the polymerizable compound is one having hydroxyl groups, such as a fatty oil or fat which has consituents having hydroxyl groups on their hydrocarbon backbone.
  • hydroxyl groups such as a fatty oil or fat which has consituents having hydroxyl groups on their hydrocarbon backbone.
  • Other preferred compounds are propylene glycol and hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTBP).
  • Especially preferred fatty oils are vegetable oils such as castor oil.
  • Castor oil has the required hydroxyl groups which react with the cross-linking agent and is readily available and relatively inexpensive.
  • the emulsifier comprises 20% to 45% by weight of the fuel phase.
  • the emulsifier may be selected from compounds such as SMO (Sorbitan Mono oleate), PIBSA (Poly Isobutyl Succinic Anhydride), SSO (Sorbital Sesqui Oleate), glycerine etc.
  • SMO Sorbitan Mono oleate
  • PIBSA Poly Isobutyl Succinic Anhydride
  • SSO Sorbital Sesqui Oleate
  • glycerine glycerine etc.
  • the emulsifier used depends on the fuel oil that is used and the polymerizable compound that is used.
  • the preferred emulsifier is a combination of SMO and PIBSA. It has been found that the use of SMO only results in a product that absorbs water. The combination of SMO and PIBSA results in a product that absorbs less water and has the required consistency.
  • the emulsifier may comprise
  • Sensitizers such as microballoons or microspheres, polystyrene beads, gas bubbles or perlite may also be added to the composition to increase the sensitivity of the composition.
  • substances such as porous ammonium nitrate or ANFO or aluminium flakes, granules or powder may also be added to the composition to improve the "energy" of the explosives reaction.
  • the required viscosity may be attained by making various combinations of the above substances to produce a product that may range from a maleable to a hard product.
  • the blasting agent has the consistency of dough, preferably the consistency of spongy rubber.
  • a blasting agent having the consistency of spongy rubber when pressed with a finger, is deformed, but returns to its original shape after the pressure is removed. Usually it will take 10 to 30 seconds for the composition to return to the original shape.
  • the consistency of spongy rubber is preferred because the cartridge can be dropped or even trodden on without breaking. Even after it has been deformed, e.g. when it is trodden on it returns to its original shape. It is also convenient to load cartridges of this viscosity into a borehole.
  • An emulsion explosives composition having the preferred consistency of dough or spongy rubber is produced by using the following materials and method: Materials:
  • the ratio of the fuel phase to the aqueous phase may range from 10:90 to 5:95.
  • the fuel phase is made up of the following ingredients:
  • fuel oil (a base mineral oil eg. GTM8) 19 - 60% polymerizable compound (eg. castor oil) 9 - 54% emulsifier (eg. SMO and PIBSA) 20 - 45% polyurethane cross-linker (eg. MDI) 5 - 20% optionally a catalyst 0.5%
  • the aqueous phase is made up of the following ingredients:
  • the MDI used is a crude MDI which is branched.
  • This crude MDI has been found to be advantageous over the linear form in that it is less moisture and light sensitive and easier to work with. It also reacts better with the hydroxyl groups on the castor oil to provide a 3-Dimensional cross-linked system. It has more branching points to give a better cross-linked matrix.
  • the ratio of the aqueous phase to fuel phase is 94% to 6% by weight of the composition.
  • a fuel phase 10 is made by mixing the fuel oil, the polymerization agent (castor oil) and the emulsifier (SMO and PIBSA) in a mixer.
  • the fuel phase 10 is then passed through a pipe 12 to a static mixer 14.
  • a cross-linking agent (MDI) 16 is added by through a metered pumping system.
  • the cross-linking agent may be mixed into the fuel phase in the static mixer 14, by shearing. Preferably, only half of the cross-linking agent is mixed into the fuel phase at this stage.
  • An aqueous phase 18 is made by dissolving ammonium nitrate, urea, and sodium nitrate into water which is heated to 60 - 1 10°C to form a supersaturated aqueous phase.
  • the fuel phase 10 containing cross-linking agent is heated to a temperature of 30 - 40°C and mixed together with the aqueous phase 18 in a mixer 20 by shearing to form an emulsion.
  • the rest of the cross-linking agent is then added to the emulsion.
  • the addition of the cross-linking agent in two batches slows down the curing process to ensure that the emulsion has a low enough viscosity to be pumped and cartridged.
  • the emulsion is at a temperature of about 95°C.
  • the apparatus used in the invention is heated by steam tracing in a water jacket at a temperature of about 95°C to keep the emulsion at a high temperature, until it reaches cartridging apparatus 22.
  • the emulsion leaves the mixer 20 via a pipe 24 and a gassing agent 26, which in this case is an aqueous or emulsified sodium nitrite is then added by a metered pumping system, whereafter the emulsion enters a static mixer 28.
  • a gassing agent 26 which in this case is an aqueous or emulsified sodium nitrite is then added by a metered pumping system, whereafter the emulsion enters a static mixer 28. This results in a chemical reaction which releases nitrogen bubbles into the emulsion, which serve to sensitize the product.
  • the emulsion is then pumped into a sleeve of cartridging material at the cartridging apparatus 22.
  • the sleeve of cartridging material may be a single sheet or laminated sheet of plastics material.
  • the emulsion is fed through the cartridging apparatus at a temperature of ⁇ 95°C and at a speed of 30 to 90m per minute. If a single film of cartridging material is used, the sleeve, filled with the emulsion is sprayed briefly with cold water to reduce the temperature of the film so that the film does not stretch due to the high temperature of the emulsion. If a trilaminate film is used, this brief cooling step is not necessary.
  • filled cartridges are cooled (for example in a cooling bath) shortly after leaving the cartridging apparatus.
  • the product is not cooled immediately, but is allowed to cool slowly at ambient temperature, or in a water bath 30 (which may be insulated or even heated) for a period of 5 to 10 minutes. This is to allow the emulsion to cure into a sufficiently viscous state for the cartridged emulsion to be cut into cartridges 32, without the emulsion exuding from the open-ends of the cartridges after cutting.
  • cartridges may be formed by forming pairs of crimps and cutting between the crimps to form cartridges with crimped ends, with the emulsion being sufficiently viscous not to exude from the crimped ends which are not closed with clips.
  • a catalyst may be added to the composition.
  • the catalyst is added to the fuel 10 and comprises about 0.5% by weight of the fuel.
  • Typical catalysts may include dibutylin dilaureate, stannous octate, or Thorcat 535® which is a mercury based catalyst including a Phenyl Mercury Ester and C 10 monocarboxyiic acid, available from Thor Chemicals in South Africa.
  • the Thorcat 535 catalyst has been found to be very effective as it promotes the desired polyol reaction and promotes rapid and good crosslinking.
  • the addition of the catalyst will cut down the curing time, prior to cutting, from 10 to 5 minutes but the whole process from the preparation of the fuel to cartridging will have to be very fast (eg.
  • the cartridges are allowed to cure for another 10 to 20 minutes before being packed into boxes.
  • the cartridges are packed into a cardboard box 34 with a plastic liner.
  • the cardboard box has a length (1) of 590mm, a width (w) of 270mm, a height (h) of 210mm and contains 166 cartridges (length of 270mm and diameter of 25mm).
  • the total weight of the box 34 containing the 166 cartridges is approximately 25kgs and the emulsion is sufficiently viscous for it to remain within the sleeve (even in the cartridges at the bottom of box), during normal transport to a blasting site.
  • the advantages of the blasting cartridge according to the invention is that the ends thereof do not need to be sealed by clipping or knotting and this speeds up the process. There is less down-time as there are fewer jams and stoppages as there are no clips and the process is more cost effective.
  • the ends of adjacent cartridges in a borehole are contiguous and are not separated by clips or plastics material and there is better coupling of the charges and thus propagation of explosion when the explosives reaction is initiated.
  • the tables below set out the constituents of the fuel phase for compositions according to the invention.
  • the aqueous phase is an oxidiser phase having the following constituents, by weight:
  • GTM8 is a base mineral oil that may be obtained from Castrol SA in South Africa under the trade name Magna LF.
  • Emulsion compositions made from formulations A, B, D and E have the preferred spongy rubber consistency, while emulsion compositions made from formulations C and F have the consistency of dough.
  • Emulsion compositions made from formulations A, B, D and E may be used with crimped or open-ended cartridges, while emulsion compositions made from formulations C and F are best used with crimped cartridges.
  • the emulsion After mixing with the fuel phase to form an emulsion, the emulsion has a low enough viscosity to be poured into a plastics sleeve.
  • the sleeve may be cut or crimped and cut 10 minutes later and cures to the required consistency for packaging and transport 30 minutes later.
  • Product may be cut with a knife into a shorter sleeve after 10 minutes.
  • Product may be packaged into a box or cardboard carton after 30 minutes.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une cartouche explosive, un procédé de production associé et une composition d'explosifs à émulsion. Selon l'invention, la cartouche explosive se compose d'un manchon tubulaire de film plastique contenant une composition d'explosifs à émulsion. Les extrémités de la cartouche sont seulement rabattues, mais, de préférence, laissées ouvertes. Sa rhéologie étant modifiée, la composition est suffisamment visqueuse pour tenir dans le manchon (c'est-à-dire, elle ne doit pas exsuder des extrémités rabattues ou ouvertes du manchon) pendant des opérations normales d'emballage et de transport, les extrémités n'ayant pas besoin d'être fermées par des agrafes ou des noeuds.
PCT/IB2000/001379 1999-09-28 2000-09-28 Cartouches explosives WO2001023326A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU74385/00A AU7438500A (en) 1999-09-28 2000-09-28 Blasting cartridges

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA99/6175 1999-09-28
ZA996175 1999-09-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001023326A1 true WO2001023326A1 (fr) 2001-04-05

Family

ID=25587933

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2000/001379 WO2001023326A1 (fr) 1999-09-28 2000-09-28 Cartouches explosives

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7438500A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001023326A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104109058A (zh) * 2014-07-29 2014-10-22 北京北矿亿博科技有限责任公司 一种现场混装乳化炸药的制造方法
EP4056544A1 (fr) * 2021-03-08 2022-09-14 Yara International ASA Explosifs de type émulsion du type eau dans l'huile

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2129508A (en) * 1935-05-23 1938-09-06 Atlas Powder Co Molded explosive
US3216307A (en) * 1962-03-05 1965-11-09 Trojan Powder Co Method for packaging explosives
FR1473994A (fr) * 1966-01-13 1967-03-24 Cartouche de mine
JPS5734095A (en) * 1980-08-07 1982-02-24 Nippon Kayaku Kk Manufacture of water-in-oil type emulsion explosive cartridge
EP0252625A2 (fr) * 1986-07-07 1988-01-13 Aeci Limited Procédé de fabrication d'un explosif
US4790890A (en) * 1987-12-03 1988-12-13 Ireco Incorporated Packaged emulsion explosives and methods of manufacture thereof
US4867920A (en) * 1988-10-14 1989-09-19 Ireco Incorporated Emulsion explosive manufacturing method
WO1991001800A1 (fr) * 1989-08-11 1991-02-21 Mining Services International Corporation Emulsion dont la rheologie est regulee
WO1992011222A1 (fr) * 1990-12-21 1992-07-09 Dyno Industrier A.S Procede et materiel de refroidissement des charges explosives chaudes
US5322576A (en) * 1991-08-21 1994-06-21 Ici Canada Inc. Vegetable oil modified explosive

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2129508A (en) * 1935-05-23 1938-09-06 Atlas Powder Co Molded explosive
US3216307A (en) * 1962-03-05 1965-11-09 Trojan Powder Co Method for packaging explosives
FR1473994A (fr) * 1966-01-13 1967-03-24 Cartouche de mine
JPS5734095A (en) * 1980-08-07 1982-02-24 Nippon Kayaku Kk Manufacture of water-in-oil type emulsion explosive cartridge
EP0252625A2 (fr) * 1986-07-07 1988-01-13 Aeci Limited Procédé de fabrication d'un explosif
US4790890A (en) * 1987-12-03 1988-12-13 Ireco Incorporated Packaged emulsion explosives and methods of manufacture thereof
US4867920A (en) * 1988-10-14 1989-09-19 Ireco Incorporated Emulsion explosive manufacturing method
WO1991001800A1 (fr) * 1989-08-11 1991-02-21 Mining Services International Corporation Emulsion dont la rheologie est regulee
WO1992011222A1 (fr) * 1990-12-21 1992-07-09 Dyno Industrier A.S Procede et materiel de refroidissement des charges explosives chaudes
US5322576A (en) * 1991-08-21 1994-06-21 Ici Canada Inc. Vegetable oil modified explosive

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Hercomite and Gelamite Explosives", HERCULES POWDER COMPANY, XP002156402 *
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 97, no. 4, 26 July 1982, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 25956g, "Water-in-oil type emulsion explosives" page 128; XP002156403 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104109058A (zh) * 2014-07-29 2014-10-22 北京北矿亿博科技有限责任公司 一种现场混装乳化炸药的制造方法
CN104109058B (zh) * 2014-07-29 2016-05-25 北京北矿亿博科技有限责任公司 一种现场混装乳化炸药的制造方法
EP4056544A1 (fr) * 2021-03-08 2022-09-14 Yara International ASA Explosifs de type émulsion du type eau dans l'huile

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Publication number Publication date
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