WO2001008175A1 - Transformateur de distribution - Google Patents
Transformateur de distribution Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001008175A1 WO2001008175A1 PCT/BR2000/000082 BR0000082W WO0108175A1 WO 2001008175 A1 WO2001008175 A1 WO 2001008175A1 BR 0000082 W BR0000082 W BR 0000082W WO 0108175 A1 WO0108175 A1 WO 0108175A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- transformer
- voltage winding
- shielding
- voltage
- oil
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
- H01F27/327—Encapsulating or impregnating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/02—Casings
- H01F27/022—Encapsulation
Definitions
- the present invention refers to a three-phase or single-phase soiid-msulation electric transformer for use in aerial distribution installations, on poles or platforms, or internal or submerged installations Description of the state of the art
- transformers are used to able electric energy transformation into voltages and currents suitable for transportation from the generation location to the consumption regions
- transformers For transmitting electric energy in long distances, which can be dozens, hundreds or thousands of kilometers, it is usual to raise the voltage by means of transformers, in order to reduce loss of power resulting from the electric resistance of the conducting cables
- the transmission of electric energy is carried out in high voltage, as far as close to the consumption places, where, also by means of transformers, it is reduced down to the values suitable for the user's equipment
- This reduction in the level of voltage is made at various steps, by using transformers that are located close to the centers of energy consumption
- the physical installation of these transformers is usually made in the air, employing poles for fixation above the level of the ground at a distance of a few meters apart, for example in 4-meter intervals
- the poles with the transformers are distributed along the streets of cities, close to residential buildings, commerce centers, schools and also along neighboring roads, land lots, farms, estates, etc
- Transformers are designed and built to operate within a certain voltage range
- the equipment may have problems with overheating, lack of insulation, burning of components, reduction of the working life, and even breaking. Therefore, the supply of electric energy with voltage values within those predetermined is of vital importance for the operation and to the security of the equipment and users, the maximum and minimum limits of voltage variation being defined by the standard specifications
- distribution transformers In distributing electric power in towns and cities or in rural areas, one has been using so far distribution transformers, the features of which, for instance in Brazil, are defined by Standard ABNT NBR 5440 and NBR 5356.
- These distribution transformers which are widely used, are oil transformers, where the active part of which is submerged in mineral oil and contained inside a tank.
- a transformer is basically built of high-voltage windings, low-voltage windings, iron core for circulation of the magnetic flow, connections between the windings, connections between the windings and the connection terminals, all of these components being housed by a metal tank and submerged in oil.
- Bushings are used to make the connection of the internal components to the external connection terminals through the tank.
- Transformers in insulating liquid have therefore the tank, which contains the active part of the transformer and the insulating oil.
- the oil has the function of an electrically insulating element between the parts under voltage of the transformer and the tank together with the other materials that remain impregnated with oil, usually based on cellulose, as for example "presspan”.
- the oil has also the function of a cooling element, transmitting and conveying the heat produced in the windings and in the core to the cooling surfaces of the tank and radiators.
- the internal pressure of the tank may rise as a consequence of an internal defect, overload or else an external defect.
- the rise in internal pressure may cause the explosion of the tank, either preceded by fire or not, with the risk of material and human damages.
- the oil transformers have to be provided with security devices, according to the standards, which can reduce but not eliminate the risks.
- This type of transformers need constant maintenance, requiring periodic inspection for checking the oil level and its condition. Thus, if, during this checking, the level of the oil is found to be low, this indicates the occurrence of leakage. This reduction of the level of the oil beyond permissible levels may impair the electric insulation and, consequently, the insulation of the transformer. A change in the characteristics of the oil beyond those foreseen may indicate degradation of the oil, contamination, entry of moisture or deviation in the operation of the transformer and may impair its functioning.
- the mounting of the oil transformer is necessarily carried out in vertical direction, and there is no possibility of mounting it in another position, meeting the correct level of the oil.
- the sealed distribution transformers are subject to mixture of air with the oil, to a greater or lesser extent, depending upon the movement of the transformer while it is transported.
- This air-oil mixture results in that the transformer cannot be immediately energized, and so it is necessary to ensure that possible air bubbles produced during the transportation will not be present, since such bubbles in the insulating oil may cause internal electric discharge and damages in the transformer while it is energized or later.
- the objective of the present invention is to provide a dry distribution transformer suitable for external use, to be installed outdoors, with electric features equivalent to those of oil-bath transformers, but without the risk of contaminating the environment, without the risk of explosion, virtually without the need for maintenance, with saving in the transportation of the equipment and in its installation, more speed in installation and with the possibility of immediate energizing, in addition to overcoming the problems resulting from the use of oil-bath transformers.
- a distribution transformer comprising a high voltage winding, a low voltage winding, both wound around the core, the transformer having the electric insulation between the low voltage winding and the high voltage winding, and a shielding of solid insulation, the shielding being grounded.
- Figure 1 is a side view of a transformer according to the present invention, showing an embodiment for use outdoors;
- Figure 2 is a view of the transformer illustrated in figure 1 , showing an embodiment for use with plug-in terminal;
- Figure 3 is a partial cross-section view of the transformer illustrated in figures 1 and 2, according to a further embodiment
- Figure 4 is a partial cross-section view of another embodiment of the transformer illustrated in figures 1 , 2, and 3;
- Figure 5 is a partial cross-section view of an embodiment of the shielding of the transformer of the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a partial view of another embodiment of the transformer of figure 5;
- FIG. 7 is a partial view of another configuration of the shielding of the transformer of the present invention. Detailed description of the invention
- the present invention consists of a three-phase or single-phase solid- insulation electric distribution transformer for use in aerial distribution installations on poles or platforms, or else for internal or submerged installations.
- a transformer 20 is basically composed of a high-voltage winding and a low- voltage winding 1 , both wound around an iron core 3.
- Figures 3 - 7 illustrate the more usual configurations of the low and high voltage windings 1 , 2.
- Figures 3, 5, and 7 illustrate a sandwich-like arrangement of windings, that is to say, a high-voltage winding 2 flanked by pair of low-voltage windings 1 .
- Figures 4 and 6 illustrate another type of construction, in which a single winding of each type is positioned side by side.
- Wound-type or stacked-type cores may also be used.
- the transformer of the present invention should have the insulation, which is now liquid, replaced with a solid material 6.
- the solid insulating material 6 insulates electrically the space between the low-voltage winding 1 and the high-voltage winding 2, as well as the space between these windings and the shielding 4 of the transformer 20
- the preferred material used for making the solid insulation 6 should be epoxy resin, but it may also be another polymeric or non-polymeric material, with or without the use of intermediate materials, provided that they meet the same requirements of technical characteristics of the preferred material
- the shielding 4 should be incorporated in the outer surface of the insulating material 6, so that no free space with air will remain between the windings 1 , 2 or else between the windings 1 , 2 and the shielding 4, thus providing an optimum insulation between the these elements
- the shielding 4 consists of an electrically conducting material having a determined resistivity that makes uniform the potential on the surface of the sets of coils
- the material of the shielding 4 does not provide the generation of significant currents, due to the fact that the shielding forms a turn, since it presents a high resistance of the turn itself
- the high and low voltage terminals 10, 11 , and 8, 12 are at the end of the corresponding bushings 7 and 21 of insulating surface At the interface between the ground shielding 4 and the insulating surface of the bushings 7 and 21 , shielding- finish rings 16 and 17 are provided
- this also enables the installation of the transformer 20 in any position and further does not present the problem of bubble formation in the insulation, which occurs in oil transformers. Since the set of windings 1 , 2 is externally shielded, the shielding 4 connected to the ground 5, it follows that the difference in electric potential between the high- voltage winding 2 and the ground of the transformer is the same as the difference in electric potential of the high-voltage winding 2 and the shielding 4.
- connection of the low-voltage winding 1 and the high-voltage winding 2 with the electric network is made by means of standardized electric terminals.
- the connections should be made preferably according to Brazilian Standards NB 5449 and NBR 5356.
- the terminals allow the connection by connectors 8, 10 connected to the low-voltage 1 and high-voltage windings, these terminals being of the same shape as those used at present and indicated in the standards, so as to enable one to replace an oil-bath transformer used at present by a solid-insulation transformer of the present invention.
- the high-voltage terminal 10 is allocated at the end of a solid insulation as a bushing 7 with surface electric distances suitable for the installation in an external environment.
- the high-voltage bushing 7, as well as the prolongation as a low-voltage bushing 21 should be encapsulated together with the coils, with the insulation 6 providing a dry transformer 20, sealed and free from interference from the external environment.
- the transformer 20 may be provided with a high-voltage terminal 1 1 or a low- voltage terminal 12 or both, suitable for receiving the plug-in-type connector described in standard ANSI/IEEE Std. 386. This type of construction may be used for installations in external or internal environments.
- the transformer 20 may be provided with a panel
- the panel 14 is allocated in the end portion of the high-voltage bushing 7, the electric connection between the panel 14 and the high-voltage winding 2 being made by means of the connection 15, which is passed through said bushing 7.
- the cavity of the bushing 7 is also filed with the solid insulating material 6, providing insulation of the connection 15.
- the core 3 should be covered by an anticorrosion protection, so that its durability in the transformer 20 will be longer when the latter is used in an external environment or even submerged.
- the transformer 20 has a very favorable thermal behavior, by virtue of the fact that the heat originated in the windings 1 , 2 from the losses is directly transferred to the air.
- the total mass of the insulation is part of the thermal constant of the windings, which imparts to them a high thermal time constant, thus enabling the application of high surcharges of short duration.
- the transformer 20 may have a mechanical structure 9 that enables one to fix it mechanically on the supports (not shown), where oil-bath transformers are installed at present, enabling one to replace it with dry transformer 20 of the present invention, without the need for expensive modifications in the fixation structure.
- An advantage of the dry transformer of the present invention is that it is lighter in weight and smaller in volume than the oil-bath transformer, which facilitates its handling, transportation and installation.
- the transformer 20 of the present invention one can make variations in the shielding, in specific cases of application.
- a terminal of the high-voltage winding 2 is connected directly to the ground, without any returning wire to the power-generating circuit, and it is not necessary to wrap it with the shielding 4 in the region close to this ground terminal, since its electric field is then grounded.
- the shielding 4 will only wrap the high-voltage winding 2 and the low-voltage winding 1 in the portion where the high-voltage bushing 7 is located, maintaining the same technical conditions described in the main embodiment.
- This solution may be employed in the embodiment of the transformer 20 with the windings in sandwich arrangement. In this situation, the low- voltage winding 1 may or may not have a grounded terminal, depending upon the conditions.
- a grounded shielding 4 which wraps the high-voltage winding 2, thus avoiding this problem.
- the shielding 4 will wrap only the high-voltage winding 2, and this solution may be employed in any one of the embodiments of the transformer 20. Since a few preferred embodiments have been described, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention includes other possible variants and is limited only by the contents of the accompanying claims, including the possible equivalents.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Regulation Of General Use Transformers (AREA)
- Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)
- Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un transformateur de distribution électrique à isolation solide triphasé ou monophasé, destiné à être utilisé dans des installations de distribution aériennes, sur des poteaux ou des plates-formes, ou dans des installations internes ou submergées. L'invention porte sur un transformateur de distribution sèche (20) destiné à être utilisé en plein air, dont les fonctions électriques sont équivalentes à celles des transformateurs à bain d'huile, mais en évitant les risques de contamination de l'environnement et les risques d'explosion, en ayant peu recours à la maintenance, en réalisant des économies sur le transport et l'installation de l'équipement, et en accélérant le processus de cette dernière. Ainsi, l'excitation peut se produire immédiatement et les problèmes résultant de l'utilisation de transformateurs à bain d'huile peuvent être résolus. Ces objectifs sont atteints grâce à l'utilisation d'un transformateur de distribution (20) comprenant un bobinage haute tension (2), un bobinage basse tension (1) enroulé autour d'un noyau (3), le transformateur (20) présentant une isolation électrique solide entre le bobinage basse pression (1), le bobinage haute pression (2) et un blindage (4) relié à la masse (5).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI9902887-5 | 1999-07-22 | ||
BR9902887-5A BR9902887C1 (pt) | 1999-07-22 | 1999-07-22 | Trasformador de distribuição |
BRC19902887-5 | 2000-05-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001008175A1 true WO2001008175A1 (fr) | 2001-02-01 |
Family
ID=4072854
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/BR2000/000082 WO2001008175A1 (fr) | 1999-07-22 | 2000-07-21 | Transformateur de distribution |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AR (1) | AR024704A1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9902887C1 (fr) |
CO (1) | CO5300382A1 (fr) |
UY (1) | UY26254A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001008175A1 (fr) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2075806A1 (fr) | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-01 | Elettromeccanica di Marnate S.p.A. | Transformateur à isolation en résine de type sèche avec enroulements primaires côte à côte isolés |
WO2011126991A1 (fr) * | 2010-04-07 | 2011-10-13 | Abb Technology Ag | Transformateur sec extérieur |
EP3001437A1 (fr) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-03-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Système d'exécution |
WO2017153115A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ensemble enroulement muni d'une traversée de type enfichable |
DE102017220782A1 (de) | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Transformator zur Befestigung an einem Mast eines Energieverteilungsnetzes |
CN117079441A (zh) * | 2023-10-16 | 2023-11-17 | 合肥工业大学 | 一种基于变电站变压器物理状态的火灾预警方法 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE652644C (de) * | 1932-05-10 | 1937-11-13 | Koch & Sterzel Akt Ges | Wandler fuer Hochspannung |
US3368175A (en) * | 1966-04-08 | 1968-02-06 | Gen Electric | Voltage lead entrance for encapsulated electrical devices |
DE2115063A1 (de) * | 1971-03-25 | 1972-10-05 | Siemens Ag | Spannungswandler |
DE2826266A1 (de) * | 1978-06-15 | 1979-12-20 | Transformatoren Union Ag | Mehrphasentransformator mit in giessharz eingebetteten wicklungen |
JPS6194313A (ja) * | 1984-10-15 | 1986-05-13 | Toshiba Corp | 樹脂モ−ルド形変圧器の製造方法 |
GB2236216A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1991-03-27 | Luminaire Dev Ltd | Transformer and connector assembly |
WO1998010447A1 (fr) * | 1996-09-04 | 1998-03-12 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Transformateur haute tension/basse tension a isolation seche thermoplastique |
JPH118134A (ja) * | 1997-06-13 | 1999-01-12 | Makoto Yamamoto | 受電設備用トランス |
-
1999
- 1999-07-22 BR BR9902887-5A patent/BR9902887C1/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2000
- 2000-07-11 AR ARP000103545A patent/AR024704A1/es unknown
- 2000-07-20 UY UY26254A patent/UY26254A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-21 CO CO00054907A patent/CO5300382A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-21 WO PCT/BR2000/000082 patent/WO2001008175A1/fr active Search and Examination
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE652644C (de) * | 1932-05-10 | 1937-11-13 | Koch & Sterzel Akt Ges | Wandler fuer Hochspannung |
US3368175A (en) * | 1966-04-08 | 1968-02-06 | Gen Electric | Voltage lead entrance for encapsulated electrical devices |
DE2115063A1 (de) * | 1971-03-25 | 1972-10-05 | Siemens Ag | Spannungswandler |
DE2826266A1 (de) * | 1978-06-15 | 1979-12-20 | Transformatoren Union Ag | Mehrphasentransformator mit in giessharz eingebetteten wicklungen |
JPS6194313A (ja) * | 1984-10-15 | 1986-05-13 | Toshiba Corp | 樹脂モ−ルド形変圧器の製造方法 |
GB2236216A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1991-03-27 | Luminaire Dev Ltd | Transformer and connector assembly |
WO1998010447A1 (fr) * | 1996-09-04 | 1998-03-12 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Transformateur haute tension/basse tension a isolation seche thermoplastique |
JPH118134A (ja) * | 1997-06-13 | 1999-01-12 | Makoto Yamamoto | 受電設備用トランス |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 272 (E - 437) 16 September 1986 (1986-09-16) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 04 30 April 1999 (1999-04-30) * |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2075806A1 (fr) | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-01 | Elettromeccanica di Marnate S.p.A. | Transformateur à isolation en résine de type sèche avec enroulements primaires côte à côte isolés |
CN108335880A (zh) * | 2010-04-07 | 2018-07-27 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | 室外干式变压器 |
US9640314B2 (en) | 2010-04-07 | 2017-05-02 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Outdoor dry-type transformer |
KR101820644B1 (ko) * | 2010-04-07 | 2018-01-22 | 에이비비 슈바이쯔 아게 | 실외 건식 변압기 |
CN103026432A (zh) * | 2010-04-07 | 2013-04-03 | Abb技术有限公司 | 室外干式变压器 |
EP2556521B1 (fr) | 2010-04-07 | 2018-05-30 | ABB Schweiz AG | Transformateur sec d'extérieure |
WO2011126991A1 (fr) * | 2010-04-07 | 2011-10-13 | Abb Technology Ag | Transformateur sec extérieur |
EP3001437A1 (fr) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-03-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Système d'exécution |
US11295886B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2022-04-05 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Winding arrangement having a plug-in bushing |
WO2017153115A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ensemble enroulement muni d'une traversée de type enfichable |
CN108885934A (zh) * | 2016-03-08 | 2018-11-23 | 西门子股份公司 | 具有插塞套管的绕组装置 |
CN115620992A (zh) * | 2016-03-08 | 2023-01-17 | 西门子能源全球有限公司 | 具有插塞套管的绕组装置 |
DE102017220782A1 (de) | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Transformator zur Befestigung an einem Mast eines Energieverteilungsnetzes |
WO2019101458A1 (fr) | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Transformateur destiné à être fixé à un mât d'un réseau de distribution d'énergie |
US11587714B2 (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2023-02-21 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Transformer for fastening to a mast of an energy distribution network |
CN117079441A (zh) * | 2023-10-16 | 2023-11-17 | 合肥工业大学 | 一种基于变电站变压器物理状态的火灾预警方法 |
CN117079441B (zh) * | 2023-10-16 | 2024-03-12 | 合肥工业大学 | 一种基于变电站变压器物理状态的火灾预警方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR9902887C1 (pt) | 2001-03-20 |
CO5300382A1 (es) | 2003-07-31 |
BR9902887A (pt) | 2001-01-09 |
UY26254A1 (es) | 2001-03-16 |
AR024704A1 (es) | 2002-10-23 |
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