Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
  • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
  • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
  • E02D29/1427—Locking devices

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to hatches of the type which give access to the manholes for inspection of civil engineering works, which normally close these manholes, and which can be secured and locked to avoid any break-in or act of vandalism.
• the invention relates to a selective locking hatch comprising at least: a rectangular frame delimiting, in a substantially horizontal plane, a recess for a masonry work of which this frame is integral; a plurality of rectangular buffers selectively applied to the frame to plug the embrasure, each tampon having a determined minimum thickness, an upper face flush with the frame, the plane of the embrasure, and a lower face carrying stiffening ribs and angle supports of thickness at least equal to the determined minimum thickness; fixing wedges integral with the frame; fixing fingers integral with the pads; and a lock; the frame having a rabbet bottom on which the buffers rest, parallel to the plane of the doorway, by their corner supports, and a rabbet edge bordering the rabbet bottom perpendicular to the plane of the doorway, the plurality of buffers including a main buffer and at least a first auxiliary buffer, each fixing finger of each auxiliary buffer at least cooperating selectively, by sliding of said buffer on the frame in a longitudinal direction
• Hatches of this type are used industrially, and examples of hatches of at least neighboring structures are given in documents FR 2 732 376, EP 0 670 390, FR 2 599 066, and FR 2 680 812.
• the production, the installation, and the operation of known hatches continue, despite the changes they have undergone over the years, to pose specific problems that have not yet been resolved and / or to present annoying drawbacks.
• certain known hatches include elements, for example the fixing shims themselves, which reduce the dimensions of the manhole defined by the masonry structure, hampering the passage offered by the hatch and generating risks of injury.
• Certain known hatches also have the disadvantage of being specifically adapted to a given configuration of masonry structure, so that a large number of different types of hatches must be provided to cover all the needs of the market. Still other hatches are designed in such a way that their securing on site, that is to say the operations carried out after the installation of these hatches to protect them against acts of vandalism, is very long, complex, and / or expensive. Finally, some hatches have a great sensitivity to the precision with which the masonry work for which they are intended was carried out, to the point that their installation often requires intervention on this work to make corrections.
• the invention is situated in this context and aims to solve, with respect to known hatches, at least one of the problems previously mentioned.
• the hatch of the invention is essentially characterized in that the fixing shims are made integral with the rebate edge, at a distance from the bottom of rebate and the plane of the embrasure, in that each auxiliary buffer comprises, at first and second opposite angles from its underside, first and second respective webs parallel to the longitudinal direction and perpendicular to the plane of the embrasure, and in that each web is crossed by a receiving hole, transversely with respect to the web, one of said fixing fingers.
• At least one of the fixing fingers is constituted by a bolt comprising a round head screw cooperating with the corresponding fixing wedge, this screw being held in place in one of said holes, removably, by at least one nut.
• the lock is carried by a first edge of the main buffer which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, this lock carrying a bolt which cooperates, for example, selectively, with a keeper belonging to an edge of the frame which is adjacent and parallel to the first edge of the main pad.
• the main pad carries on its underside, at first and second angles adjacent to each other and distant from the first edge of the main pad, first and second respective webs equipped with fixing fingers cooperating selectively with corresponding frame fixing shims.
• each auxiliary buffer at its first and second opposite angles, with third and fourth respective sails substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and crossed by respective holes, this measurement making it possible, depending on the needs encountered, to mount the auxiliary buffers on the frame by one or other of its pairs of opposite edges .
• the main buffer may itself also include, at its first and second angles adjacent to each other, third and fourth respective webs substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and crossed by respective holes.
• each veil is an integral part of a corner support.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a hatch according to the invention in the closed position, observed from the half-space located above its upper face, and extracted from the masonry structure which it closes in service ;
• - Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the frame of a hatch according to the invention, observed from the half-space located above the plane of the embrasure which it delimits, and embedded in a masonry work assumed to be transparent for the purposes of description;
• - Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a hatch according to the invention, observed from the half-space located below its underside and provided with a frame assumed to be transparent for the purposes of the description;
• FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a first detail extracted from Figure 3;
• FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a second detail extracted from Figure 3;
• - Figure 6 is an enlarged view of a third detail extracted from Figure 3; and
• FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a fourth detail extracted from FIG. 3.
• the hatch of the invention essentially comprises a rectangular frame 1 and a plurality of rectangular buffers, including a main buffer 2 and at least a first auxiliary buffer 3.
• the frame 1 delimits, in a substantially horizontal plane P, a recess E for a masonry work M to which this frame 1 is made integral, the main and auxiliary buffers being selectively applied to the frame 1 for sealing doorway E.
• Each pad 2, 3 has a determined minimum thickness H (FIG. 4), an upper face 21, 31 (FIG. 1) flush with the frame, the plane P of the embrasure, and a lower face 22, 32 (FIG. 3) ).
• each pad carries stiffening ribs 220, 320 and is equipped with four angle supports 221 to 224, 321 to 324 of thickness K (FIG. 4) at least equal to the minimum thickness H of this buffer.
• the hatch of the invention also comprises, in a known manner, fixing blocks 121 to 124 secured to the frame 1 (FIG. 2), fixing fingers 201, 202, 301, 302 secured to the buffers 2, 3 (FIG. 3) ), and a lock 4.
• the frame 1 has a rebate base 11 on which the pads 2, 3 rest in service, parallel to the plane P of the doorway, by their angle supports 221 to 224, 321 to 324, and a rabbet edge 12 which borders the rabbet bottom 11 and which extends perpendicular to the plane P of the embrasure.
• Each of the fixing fingers 201, 202, 301, 302 of each pad 2, 3 cooperates selectively, by sliding of this pad 3 on the frame 1 in a longitudinal direction L, with a corresponding fixing shim 121 to 124 of the frame 1 for form a reversible slide link.
• the slide connection makes this buffer integral with the frame 1, preventing any extraction of this buffer in a direction perpendicular to the plane P from the doorway.
• the main buffer 2 furthermore prohibits, when it is in place with the set of auxiliary buffers 3 on the frame 1, the sliding of each auxiliary pad 3 relative to this frame.
• the lock 4 has the function of holding the main buffer 2 in place on the frame 1.
• the fixing wedges 121 to 124 are made integral with the rebate edge 12, at a distance from the rebate bottom 11 and from the plane P of the doorway. More precisely, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art on reading the rest of the description and on examining the drawings, the upper part of the fixing wedges is separated from the plane P of the embrasure by a distance as close as possible to the minimum thickness H of the buffers.
• each auxiliary buffer 3 comprises, at first and second opposite angles A1, A2 of its lower face 32 (FIGS. 3,4 and 7), first and second respective webs 33, 34 parallel to the longitudinal direction L and perpendicular to the plane P of the embrasure E.
• each sail 33, 34 is crossed by a bore 330, 340, preferably of elongated shape, and suitable for receiving, transversely with respect to the web, one of the fixing fingers 301, 302.
• each fixing finger 201, 202, 301, 302 of each buffer is preferably constituted by a bolt comprising a screw 51, 52, 61, 62 with round head 510, 520,
• each screw 51, 52, 61, 62 is held in place in the corresponding bore 230, 240, 330, 340, in a removable manner, by at least one, and advantageously two, nut (s) 511, 512, 521,
• the lock 4 (FIG. 3) is carried by a first edge 23 of the main pad 2 which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L, and for example mounted in the middle of this edge 23.
• This lock 4 carries a bolt 40 which, in the illustrated embodiment, cooperates selectively with a keeper 130 belonging to an edge 13 of the frame 1 adjacent and parallel to the first edge 23 of the main pad 2 ( Figures 1 and 2).
• each auxiliary buffer 3 (FIGS. 3, 4, and 7) comprises, at its first and second opposite angles A1, A2, of the respective third and fourth webs 35, 36 substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L and crossed by respective holes 350, 360.
• the main buffer 2 ( Figures 3, 5, and 7) comprises, at its first and second angles Bl, B2 adjacent to each other, respective third and fourth webs 25, 26 substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L and crossed by respective bores 250, 260.
• each web 23 to 26, 33 to 36 can advantageously be integrated into an angle support 221, 222, 321, 322.
• the fixing shims 121, 122 corresponding to the fixing fingers 201, 202 of this main pad have, in the longitudinal direction L, a length L2 relatively weak (Figure 5).
• auxiliary buffers starting with the auxiliary buffer furthest from the keeper 130, are alternately placed on the frame, away from the final position which they must adopt, then slide in the plane P until 'to their final position.
• the fixing fingers such as 301, 302 engage under the shims such as 123, 124, thus preventing the corresponding auxiliary pad any movement in a direction perpendicular to the plane P.
• the main pad 2 is engaged with a certain inclination in the frame 1 so that the plane defined by its upper surface 21 approximately intersects the plane P along a line passing through the fixing wedges 121 and 122.
• the main pad 2 is then slid into this position until the fingers 201, 202 come to engage under the shims as 121, 122.
• the angle supports 221 to 224 and 321 to 324 can be locally shaped into housings, in the bottom of which are provided orifices such as 99.
• Each corner support can thus be optionally fitted with a rubber pad with a fixing cone engaged in the orifice 99, the rubber pad exceeding for example by one or two millimeters and making it possible to suppress the noise caused by a possible limping of the corresponding buffer on the slab.
• One of the advantages of the hatch according to the invention is that it can be sold without securing, that is to say without fingers or fixing wedges, and that it can be secured a posteriori, that is to say then say that this hatch is possibly already in place.
• the shims such as 121 to 124, and to place in the appropriate bores of the buffers, such as 230, 240, 330, 340, the screws such as 51, 52, 61, 62, fixing them with nuts 511, 512, 521, 522, 611, 612, 621 and 622.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Paleontology (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
• Connection Of Plates (AREA)
• Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
• Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
• Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9542890

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1999
  • 1999-03-05 FR FR9902786A patent/FR2790496B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2000
  • 2000-03-03 OA OA1200100227A patent/OA12037A/fr unknown
  • 2000-03-03 AR ARP000100940 patent/AR022818A1/es unknown
  • 2000-03-03 EP EP00909419A patent/EP1159492A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2000-03-03 BR BR0008744-0A patent/BR0008744A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-03-03 WO PCT/FR2000/000536 patent/WO2000053853A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2001
  • 2001-09-03 MA MA26312A patent/MA25344A1/fr unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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