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WO2000049673A1 - Source of current with series connected cells - Google Patents

Source of current with series connected cells Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000049673A1
WO2000049673A1 PCT/DE2000/000462 DE0000462W WO0049673A1 WO 2000049673 A1 WO2000049673 A1 WO 2000049673A1 DE 0000462 W DE0000462 W DE 0000462W WO 0049673 A1 WO0049673 A1 WO 0049673A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cells
current
fuel
diodes
fuel cells
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2000/000462
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hendrik Dohle
Original Assignee
Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH filed Critical Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
Priority to EP00909036A priority Critical patent/EP1155469A1/en
Priority to CA002398727A priority patent/CA2398727A1/en
Priority to AU31464/00A priority patent/AU3146400A/en
Priority to JP2000600319A priority patent/JP2002540555A/en
Publication of WO2000049673A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000049673A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04671—Failure or abnormal function of the individual fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a current source consisting of a plurality of cells which are electrically connected in series. Electricity is generated or provided by the individual cells.
  • Examples of devices of the type mentioned at the outset are a plurality of batteries connected in series or a plurality of fuel cells connected in series, that is to say a fuel cell stack.
  • a fuel cell has a cathode, an electrolyte and an anode.
  • the cathode becomes an oxidizing agent, e.g. B. air and the anode becomes a fuel, e.g. B. supplied hydrogen.
  • the SOFC fuel cell is also called a high-temperature fuel cell because its operating temperature is up to 1000 ° C.
  • oxygen ions form on the cathode of a high-temperature fuel cell.
  • the oxygen ions pass through the electrolyte and recombine on the anode side with the hydrogen from the fuel to form water.
  • the recombination releases electrons and thus generates electrical energy.
  • the operating temperature of a PEM fuel cell is approximately 80 ° C.
  • Protons are formed on the anode of a PEM fuel cell in the presence of the fuel using a catalyst. The protons pass that Electrolytes and combine on the cathode side with the oxygen from the oxidizing agent to form water. Electrons are released and electrical energy is generated.
  • Several fuel cells are usually electrically and mechanically connected to one another by connecting elements to achieve high electrical outputs.
  • An example of such a connecting element is the bipolar plate known from DE 44 10 711 C1. Using bipolar plates, fuel cells stacked one above the other and electrically connected in series are produced. This arrangement is called a fuel cell stack.
  • methane or methanol can be provided as fuel.
  • the fuels mentioned are by reforming or oxidation u. a. converted to hydrogen or hydrogen-rich gas.
  • the individual cells of a power generation device are PEM fuel cells and a single fuel cell falls e.g. B. due to a malfunction of an operating fluid supply
  • the current flowing through the electrolysis membrane decomposes the water contained in the membrane to hydrogen and oxygen.
  • the oxygen emerges on the anode side and the hydrogen on the cathode side.
  • oxygen reaches the anode compartments of the other cells via feed lines.
  • Mixed potentials arise.
  • Sow material recombines with the hydrogen generated on the anode side. In this way, the generation of electricity in neighboring fuel cells is reduced and finally stopped.
  • the failure of a fuel cell in a series connection of fuel cells can thus poison other fuel cells. Overall, the performance of such a fuel cell stack is significantly reduced.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device and to specify a use in which power losses which can be attributed to the defect of an individual cell in a series connection are minimized in a simple, inexpensive and low-volume manner.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a device with the features of the main claim and by a
  • diodes are connected in parallel to individual cells.
  • the diodes are like this polarized that the current flow through the diodes is possible in the normal direction.
  • the normal direction is understood to mean the flow direction which is provided during the operation of an intact power generation device.
  • the diodes are switched so that there is no short circuit.
  • Each individual cell advantageously has a diode connected in parallel in order to achieve maximum success.
  • the provision of a diode is required to make one
  • the diode has a low ohmic resistance. During trouble-free operation of the device, the current flows through the individual cells, since these do not have an electrical resistance, but one
  • the device remains as powerful as possible with comparatively simple means even in the event of a fault.
  • symptoms of poisoning from neighboring cells as can occur in a fuel cell stack, are avoided.
  • the cells are fuel cells, since such a device not only prevents losses in performance due to ohmic resistances, but also prevents the occurrence of poisoning. In the case of a fuel cell stack is consequently have a particularly great performance-preserving effect.
  • a device according to the claims is used, for example, in mobile devices such as portable computers, portable lamps and the like, since special attention must be paid to light weight and volume.
  • a plurality of fuel cells 1 are electrically connected to one another in series.
  • a diode 2 is connected in parallel to each fuel cell 1 in such a way that the current I generated by the fuel cells cannot cause a short circuit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to several cells for current generation, especially fuel cells that are connected in series. Diodes are connected in parallel to said fuel cells in such a way that current (I) generated by the fuel cells cannot cause any short circuit. If one of the cells fails as a result of a defect, the current flows through a parallel-connected diode due to the fact that the diodes then form the low ohmic resistance. In case of a failure, this makes it possible to automatically short-circuit the defective cells in a simple and economical manner.

Description

B e s c h r e i b u n g Description
Stromquelle mit in Serie geschalteten ZellenPower source with cells connected in series
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Stromquelle, bestehend aus mehreren, elektrisch in Serie geschalteten Zellen. Durch die einzelnen Zellen wird Strom erzeugt oder bereitgestellt . Beispiele für Vorrichtungen der eingangs genannten Art sind mehrere in Serie geschaltete Batterien oder mehrere in Serie geschaltete Brennstoffzellen, also ein Brennstoffzellenstapel .The invention relates to a current source consisting of a plurality of cells which are electrically connected in series. Electricity is generated or provided by the individual cells. Examples of devices of the type mentioned at the outset are a plurality of batteries connected in series or a plurality of fuel cells connected in series, that is to say a fuel cell stack.
Eine Brennstoffzelle weist eine Kathode, einen Elektro- lyten sowie eine Anode auf. Der Kathode wird ein Oxida- tionsmittel, z. B. Luft und der Anode wird ein Brennstoff, z. B. Wasserstoff zugeführt.A fuel cell has a cathode, an electrolyte and an anode. The cathode becomes an oxidizing agent, e.g. B. air and the anode becomes a fuel, e.g. B. supplied hydrogen.
Verschiedene Brennstoffzellentypen sind bekannt, so beispielsweise die SOFC-Brennstoffzelle aus der Druck- schrift DE 44 30 958 Cl sowie die PEM-Brennstoffzelle aus der Druckschrift DE 195 31 852 Cl .Various types of fuel cells are known, for example the SOFC fuel cell from DE 44 30 958 Cl and the PEM fuel cell from DE 195 31 852 Cl.
Die SOFC-Brennstoffzelle wird auch Hochtemperaturbrennstoffzelle genannt, da ihre Betriebstemperatur bis zu 1000 °C beträgt. An der Kathode einer Hochtemperatur- brennstoffzelle bilden sich in Anwesenheit des Oxidati- onsmittels Sauerstoffionen. Die Sauerstoffionen passieren den Elektrolyten und rekombinieren auf der Anodenseite mit dem vom Brennstoff stammenden Wasserstoff zu Wasser. Mit der Rekombination werden Elektronen freigesetzt und so elektrische Energie erzeugt.The SOFC fuel cell is also called a high-temperature fuel cell because its operating temperature is up to 1000 ° C. In the presence of the oxidizing agent, oxygen ions form on the cathode of a high-temperature fuel cell. The oxygen ions pass through the electrolyte and recombine on the anode side with the hydrogen from the fuel to form water. The recombination releases electrons and thus generates electrical energy.
Die Betriebstemperatur einer PEM-Brennstoffzelle liegt bei ca. 80° C. An der Anode einer PEM-Brennstoffzelle bilden sich in Anwesenheit des Brennstoffs mittels eines Katalysators Protonen. Die Protonen passieren den Elektrolyten und verbinden sich auf der Kathodenseite mit dem vom Oxidationsmittel stammenden Sauerstoff zu Wasser. Elektronen werden dabei freigesetzt und elektrische Energie erzeugt . Mehrere Brennstoffzellen werden in der Regel zur Erzielung großer elektrischer Leistungen durch verbindende Elemente elektrisch und mechanisch miteinander verbunden. Ein Beispiel für ein solches verbindendes Element stellt die aus DE 44 10 711 Cl bekannte bipolare Platte dar. Mittels bipolarer Platten entstehen übereinander gestapelte, elektrisch in Serie geschaltete Brennstoffzellen. Diese Anordnung wird Brennstoffzellenstapel genannt .The operating temperature of a PEM fuel cell is approximately 80 ° C. Protons are formed on the anode of a PEM fuel cell in the presence of the fuel using a catalyst. The protons pass that Electrolytes and combine on the cathode side with the oxygen from the oxidizing agent to form water. Electrons are released and electrical energy is generated. Several fuel cells are usually electrically and mechanically connected to one another by connecting elements to achieve high electrical outputs. An example of such a connecting element is the bipolar plate known from DE 44 10 711 C1. Using bipolar plates, fuel cells stacked one above the other and electrically connected in series are produced. This arrangement is called a fuel cell stack.
Als Brennstoff kann unter anderem Methan oder Methanol vorgesehen werden. Die genannten Brennstoffe werden durch Reformierung oder Oxidation u. a. in Wasserstoff oder Wasserstoffreiches Gas umgewandelt .Among other things, methane or methanol can be provided as fuel. The fuels mentioned are by reforming or oxidation u. a. converted to hydrogen or hydrogen-rich gas.
Fällt eine einzelne Zelle innerhalb von in Serie geschalteten Zellen zum Beispiel aufgrund eines Defektes aus, so stellt diese einen elektrischen Widerstand in der Serienschaltung dar. Die Leistungsfähigkeit wird daher nicht nur durch die ausgefallene Zelle reduziert, sondern auch durch das Auftreten eines zusätzlichen elektrischen Widerstandes, für dessen Überwindung Lei- stung aufgewendet werden muß. Der Wirkungsgrad der Vorrichtung verringert sich entsprechend.If a single cell within cells connected in series fails, for example due to a defect, this represents an electrical resistance in the series connection. The performance is therefore not only reduced by the failed cell, but also by the occurrence of an additional electrical resistance, work must be done to overcome it. The efficiency of the device is reduced accordingly.
Handelt es sich bei den einzelnen Zellen einer Stromerzeugungsvorrichtung um PEM-Brennstoffzellen und fällt eine einzelne Brennstoffzelle z. B. aufgrund einer Stö- rung einer Betriebsmittelzufuhr aus, so zersetzt der durch die Elektrolysemembran fließende Strom das in der Membran enthaltene Wasser zu Wasserstoff und Sauerstoff. Der Sauerstoff tritt an der Anodenseite und der Wasserstoff an der Kathodenseite aus. Über Zufüh- rungsleitungen gelangt so Sauerstoff in die Anodenräume der anderen Zellen. Es entstehen Mischpotentiale. Sau- erstoff rekombiniert mit dem auf der Anodenseite erzeugten Wasserstoff. Auf diese Weise wird die Stromerzeugung auch in benachbarten Brennstoffzellen reduziert und schließlich gestoppt. Durch den Ausfall einer Brennstoffzelle in einer Serienschaltung von Brennstoffzellen können also weitere Brennstoffzellen vergiftet werden. Insgesamt wird die Leistungsfähigkeit eines solchen Brennstoffzellenstapels erheblich reduziert . Bei Brennstoffzellen ist zur Lösung eines solchen Problems gemäß der Druckschrift DE 197 466 16 AI vorgesehen, eine einzelne Brennstoffzelle im Schadensfall zu überbrücken. Hierfür werden entsprechende elektrische Schaltmittel bereitgestellt . Nachteilhaft ist diese vorgeschlagene Lösung technisch aufwendig, verursacht hohe Kosten und erfordert die Bereitstellung eines entsprechenden Volumens für die elektrischen Schaltmittel. Die Bereitstellung von Volumen und hiermit einhergehend von Gewicht ist insbeson- dere im mobilen Einsatz sehr nachteilhaft.If the individual cells of a power generation device are PEM fuel cells and a single fuel cell falls e.g. B. due to a malfunction of an operating fluid supply, the current flowing through the electrolysis membrane decomposes the water contained in the membrane to hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen emerges on the anode side and the hydrogen on the cathode side. In this way, oxygen reaches the anode compartments of the other cells via feed lines. Mixed potentials arise. Sow material recombines with the hydrogen generated on the anode side. In this way, the generation of electricity in neighboring fuel cells is reduced and finally stopped. The failure of a fuel cell in a series connection of fuel cells can thus poison other fuel cells. Overall, the performance of such a fuel cell stack is significantly reduced. In the case of fuel cells, to solve such a problem according to the document DE 197 466 16 AI, it is provided that a single fuel cell be bridged in the event of damage. Corresponding electrical switching means are provided for this. This proposed solution is disadvantageously technically complex, causes high costs and requires the provision of a corresponding volume for the electrical switching means. The provision of volume and the associated weight is very disadvantageous, particularly in mobile use.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Bereitstellung einer Vorrichtung sowie die Angabe einer Verwendung, bei der einfach, preiswert und mit geringem Volumenaufwand Lei- stungsverluste minimiert werden, die auf den Defekt einer einzelnen Zelle in einer Serienschaltung zurückzuführen sind.The object of the invention is to provide a device and to specify a use in which power losses which can be attributed to the defect of an individual cell in a series connection are minimized in a simple, inexpensive and low-volume manner.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs sowie durch eineThe object of the invention is achieved by a device with the features of the main claim and by a
Verwendung mit den Merkmalen des Nebenanspruchs gelöst . Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus Unteransprüchen.Use solved with the features of the subclaim. Advantageous configurations result from subclaims.
Bei der anspruchsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind Dioden paral- lel zu einzelnen Zellen geschaltet. Die Dioden sind so gepolt, daß der Stromfluß durch die Dioden in Normal- richtung möglich ist . Unter Normalrichtung wird die Fließrichtung verstanden, die während des Betriebes einer intakten Stromerzeugungsvorrichtung vorgesehen ist . Die Dioden sind also so geschaltet, daß kein Kurzschluß entsteht .In the device according to the claims, diodes are connected in parallel to individual cells. The diodes are like this polarized that the current flow through the diodes is possible in the normal direction. The normal direction is understood to mean the flow direction which is provided during the operation of an intact power generation device. The diodes are switched so that there is no short circuit.
Vorteilhaft weist jede einzelne Zelle eine parallel geschaltete Diode auf, um den maximalen Erfolg herbeizuführen . Das Vorsehen einer Diode ist erforderlich, um einenEach individual cell advantageously has a diode connected in parallel in order to achieve maximum success. The provision of a diode is required to make one
Kurzschluß zu vermeiden. Entgegengesetzt zur Sperrich- tung weist die Diode einen geringen Ohmschen Widerstand auf . Während eines störungsfreien Betriebes der Vorrichtung fließt der Strom durch die einzelnen Zellen, da diese keinen elektrischen Widerstand, sondern eineAvoid short circuit. Contrary to the blocking direction, the diode has a low ohmic resistance. During trouble-free operation of the device, the current flows through the individual cells, since these do not have an electrical resistance, but one
Stromquelle darstellen. In einem solchen Zustand fließt daher kein oder praktisch kein Strom durch die Diode.Represent power source. In such a state, no or practically no current flows through the diode.
Tritt eine Störung einer einzelnen Zelle auf, so stellt diese aufgrund der Störung einen großen Ohmschen Wider- stand im Vergleich zum Ohmschen Widerstand der Diode dar. In einem solchen Fall wird der Strom, statt durch die einzelne Zelle, durch die parallel geschaltete Diode fließen. Leistungsverluste, die zur Überwindung von Ohmschen Widerständen erforderlich sind, werden so minimiert . Insgesamt bleibt so die Vorrichtung mit vergleichsweise einfachen Mitteln auch bei einer Störung so leistungsfähig wie maximal möglich. Ferner werden Vergiftungserscheinungen von benachbarten Zellen, wie sie bei einem Brennstoffzellenstapel auftreten können, vermieden. Insbesondere handelt es sich deshalb bei den Zellen um Brennstoffzellen, da bei einer solchen Einrichtung nicht nur Leistungsverluste aufgrund von Ohmschen Widerständen vermieden werden, sondern darüber hinaus auch Vergiftungserscheinungen verhindert werden können. Bei einem Brennstoffzellenstapel ist folglich eine besonders große leistungserhaltende Wirkung zu verzeichnen.If a fault occurs in an individual cell, this represents a large ohmic resistance compared to the ohmic resistance of the diode due to the disturbance. In such a case, the current will flow through the parallel connected diode instead of through the individual cell. Power losses that are required to overcome ohmic resistances are thus minimized. Overall, the device remains as powerful as possible with comparatively simple means even in the event of a fault. In addition, symptoms of poisoning from neighboring cells, as can occur in a fuel cell stack, are avoided. In particular, the cells are fuel cells, since such a device not only prevents losses in performance due to ohmic resistances, but also prevents the occurrence of poisoning. In the case of a fuel cell stack is consequently have a particularly great performance-preserving effect.
Kleine, leichte, preiswerte Dioden sind kommerziell erhältlich. Mit relativ geringem Aufwand kann die Erfindung also realisiert werden.Small, light, inexpensive diodes are commercially available. The invention can therefore be implemented with relatively little effort.
Eine anspruchsgemäße Vorrichtung wird zum Beispiel in mobilen Vorrichtungen wie tragbare Computer, tragbare Lampen und dergleichen eingesetzt, da hier auf geringes Gewicht und Volumen besonders zu achten ist .A device according to the claims is used, for example, in mobile devices such as portable computers, portable lamps and the like, since special attention must be paid to light weight and volume.
In der Figur ist die anspruchsgemäße Verschaltung skizziert. Mehrere Brennstoffzellen 1 sind seriell miteinander elektrisch verbunden. Zu einer jeden Brennstoffzelle 1 ist je eine Diode 2 so parallel geschaltet, daß der von den Brennstoffzellen erzeugte Strom I keinen Kurzschluß verursachen kann. The circuitry according to the claims is sketched in the figure. A plurality of fuel cells 1 are electrically connected to one another in series. A diode 2 is connected in parallel to each fuel cell 1 in such a way that the current I generated by the fuel cells cannot cause a short circuit.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Stromquelle mit elektrisch in Serie geschalteten Zellen (1) , gekennzeichnet durch Dioden (2) , die zu den Zellen (1) parallel so geschaltet sind, daß kein Kurzschluß der Zellen durch die Dioden verursacht wird.1. Power source with electrically connected in series cells (1), characterized by diodes (2) which are connected in parallel to the cells (1) so that no short circuit of the cells is caused by the diodes.
2. Stromquelle nach Anspruch 1 mit Brennstoffzellen, die als Zellen vorgesehen sind.2. Power source according to claim 1 with fuel cells which are provided as cells.
3. Stromquelle nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der jede Zelle eine parallel geschaltete Diode aufweist .3. Current source according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each cell has a diode connected in parallel.
. Stromquelle nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche als Bestandteil einer mobilen Vorrichtung.. Power source according to one of the preceding claims as part of a mobile device.
5. Verwendung einer Stromquelle nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche in einer mobilen Vorrichtung. 5. Use of a power source according to one of the preceding claims in a mobile device.
PCT/DE2000/000462 1999-02-20 2000-02-15 Source of current with series connected cells WO2000049673A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00909036A EP1155469A1 (en) 1999-02-20 2000-02-15 Source of current with series connected cells
CA002398727A CA2398727A1 (en) 1999-02-20 2000-02-15 Current source with series connected cells
AU31464/00A AU3146400A (en) 1999-02-20 2000-02-15 Source of current with series connected cells
JP2000600319A JP2002540555A (en) 1999-02-20 2000-02-15 Power supply with fuel cells connected in series

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19907369A DE19907369C2 (en) 1999-02-20 1999-02-20 Power source with cells connected in series
DE19907369.4 1999-02-20

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WO2000049673A1 true WO2000049673A1 (en) 2000-08-24

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JP (1) JP2002540555A (en)
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CA (1) CA2398727A1 (en)
DE (1) DE19907369C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2000049673A1 (en)

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WO2002045197A3 (en) * 2000-11-30 2003-01-23 Siemens Ag Direct-current power supply device comprising a number of series-connected fuel cell blocks
EP1376730A1 (en) * 2002-06-24 2004-01-02 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Solid-oxide fuel cell assembly having optimal numbers of cells
USRE39556E1 (en) 1997-11-20 2007-04-10 Relion, Inc. Fuel cell and method for controlling same
US7235315B2 (en) 2003-12-16 2007-06-26 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Electrochemical fuel cell stack having a plurality of integrated voltage reversal protection diodes
US8785012B2 (en) 2011-06-09 2014-07-22 Bloom Energy Corporation Fuel cell bypass diode structures and attachment methods
US9059434B2 (en) 2008-08-06 2015-06-16 Bloom Energy Corporation Structure and method for SOFC operation with failed cell diode bypass

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EP1323204B1 (en) * 2000-09-14 2004-05-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for operating a fuel cell and a fuel cell arrangement
DE10215913C1 (en) * 2002-04-11 2003-10-02 Daimler Chrysler Ag Fuel cell system for automobile propulsion drive has defective fuel cell unit decoupled with blocking of medium flows through decoupled fuel cell unit
DE20205728U1 (en) 2002-04-12 2002-07-25 Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden Württemberg Gemeinnützige Stiftung, 89081 Ulm flashlight
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JP2002540555A (en) 2002-11-26
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DE19907369A1 (en) 2000-08-24
EP1155469A1 (en) 2001-11-21
DE19907369C2 (en) 2002-12-12

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