WO1999005775A1 - Convertisseur auto-compense - Google Patents
Convertisseur auto-compense Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999005775A1 WO1999005775A1 PCT/FR1998/001637 FR9801637W WO9905775A1 WO 1999005775 A1 WO1999005775 A1 WO 1999005775A1 FR 9801637 W FR9801637 W FR 9801637W WO 9905775 A1 WO9905775 A1 WO 9905775A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- terminals
- capacitor
- polarized
- voltage
- current
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4275—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input by adding an auxiliary output voltage in series to the input
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to so-called “self-compensated” electronic converters, which, supplied from the AC network, are capable of outputting a high frequency signal of substantially constant amplitude, while the current taken from said network remains substantially sinusoidal and in phase with the voltage thanks to the recovery carried out according to the so-called energy transfer mode (in English "energy transfer”) of a suitable portion of the energy at high frequency previously converted.
- FIG. 1, attached hereto represents the most interesting embodiment which has been claimed in US Patent No. 5,134,556.
- the output terminal B of the converter A delivers the energy converted at high frequency through the galvanic isolation capacitor C, the value of which is chosen so that the impedance that it offers at said high frequency does not substantially disturb the resonant frequency of the oscillating output circuit, which comprises the inductance D, the output load E and the phase-shifting capacitor F.
- the capacitor F must offer this high switching frequency a suitable impedance, so that the amplitude of the alternating signal developed between its terminals reaches a chosen value.
- This signal applied to one of the non-polarized input terminals of the rectifier bridge I, makes it possible to recover between the terminals of the capacitor H the envelope of a rectified signal at low frequency.
- the polarized outputs of the rectifier bridge I are connected in series with the polarized outputs of the sector rectification bridge J, so that the aforementioned low-frequency envelope present between the terminals of the capacitor H, is added to the rectified sector signal, which improves the power factor of the current taken from the network.
- This circuit includes the capacitor G, the impedance of which, chosen as a function of the above high frequency, allows the delivery of a voltage signal of suitable amplitude on the second non-polarized input terminal of the rectifier bridge I. After erection , a new low frequency envelope is then available between the terminals of the capacitor H where it is added to the current envelope previously recovered.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a general embodiment of the device according to the present invention.
- This device comprises a high frequency self-oscillator using a structure known as a "capacitor half-bridge" which is supplied with direct current from the common polarized terminals 8a and 8b, which are shunted by a decoupling capacitor 8.
- the active branch of this bridge converter comprises the switching means 1 ′ and 1 ", which are connected in series.
- the free terminals of the series circuit thus formed are connected, respectively, to terminals 8a and 8b.
- the passive branch of this converter in bridge comprises capacitors 3a and 3b which are also connected in series.
- the free terminals of the series circuit thus formed are connected, respectively, to terminals 8a and 8b.
- the output load 2 which must receive the energy at converted high frequency.
- a high frequency switching current can then tr pour the load 2 to close through the capacitors 3a and 3b whose reactance at the above high frequency is calculated so that the alternating voltage developed between the midpoint 3 and any one of the terminals 8a and 8b is not null, but presents, on the contrary, an amplitude of selected value.
- the high frequency alternating voltage thus developed between the midpoint 3 and one of the common polarized terminals is then applied, via the DC voltage buffer source 4, to the non-polarized input terminal 5 of the full-wave rectifier bridge comprising the Sa and Sb diodes, This is made possible by the fact that the impedance which the buffer DC voltage source 4. opposes the high frequency alternating current thus generated, is negligible, even though the DC voltage of almost constant amplitude present between the terminals 3 and 5 can be considerable.
- the polarized output circuit of said doubler bridge which is shunted by the decoupling capacitor 6, after having been suitably oriented, is connected in series with the polarized output circuit of the mains rectifier bridge 7 whose non-polarized input terminals 7a and 7b are connected to the sector. As soon as the terminals 7a and 7b are energized, the rectified mains current can charge the decoupling capacitor 8 through the diodes Sa and 5b, suitably polarized.
- This low frequency envelope is then added, between terminals 7c and 8b, with the low frequency envelope from the rectified mains current.
- the value of the voltage V3 is in direct relation with that of the direct voltage V2 developed between the midpoint 1 and one of the common terminals 8a or
- This value can be approximated t calculated by the relation V3 as (V2 - V-t).
- the decoupling capacitor 8 is charged at a direct voltage VI of 370V
- the voltage V2 is then substantially equal to: 370V 4- 2, i.e. 185V,
- the DC voltage V5 present between the terminals 7c and 8b is approximately 160V.
- the DC voltage developed between terminals 5 and 8b is substantially equal to 160V 4 2, or approximately 80V.
- the mean DC voltage V3 which must be maintained between terminals 3 and 5 of buffer source 4 will then be: 185V - 80V, or approximately OS.
- the present device allows, without requiring any particular adjustment, to typically obtain for the current taken from the network, a power factor 0.995 and a total harmonic distortion rate of 7%, while the voltage present between the terminals 8a and 8b is affected only by a negligible modulation rate,
- the low modulation of the voltage present between the common terminals 8a and 8b results in a low rate of modulation of the envelope of the current at high frequency passing through the output load 2 as well as by the very limited amplitude of the current passing in capacitor 8.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a practical mode of application of the present invention, which differs from the above as indicated below.
- a capacitor i-bridge converter having, on the one hand, the active transistors 1a and 1b, or any other semiconductor which can make office switching means, connected in series and, on the other hand, for passive branch capacitors 3a and 3b connected in series, which provide a reactance given to the above high frequency alternating current.
- the primary 9a which, coupled to the magnetic circuit 9 takes the place of the aforesaid output load 2.
- the control of the alternating cyclic conduction of the transistors a and 1b is maintained by the secondary 9b and 9c which, suitably oriented, are coupled to the magnetic circuit 9.
- Said secondaries deliver, respectively, via the limiting resistors 11a and 11b, a suitable amplitude and phase signal on the control junction of the transistors a and lb, which is capable of ensuring the alternating cyclic conduction of these half er s.
- the high recovery AC voltage developed between terminal 3 and any of the common polarized terminals 8a or 8b is applied, via the high capacity eur capacitor S, suitably polarized, to the non-polarized input terminal 5 of the doubling rectifier bridge comprising the diodes Sa and Sb, suitably polarized.
- the polarized output terminals 7c and Sb of said rectifier bridge are shunted by the filtering capacitor.
- the high frequency current thus rectified and recovered is in the form of a low frequency envelope which, after addition, as indicated above, with the envelope corresponding to the mains current rectified by the rectifier bridge 7, allows compensation of the current taken from the sector from the non-polarized input terminals 7a and 7b.
- the diodes 10a and 10b suitably polarized, connected respectively in ant i -para 11 è 1 e with the transistors la and lb, ensure the double circulation of the current between the midpoint 1 and any one of the common polarized terminals Sa or Sb .
- the initiation of the cyclic conduction of the thus formed converter is ensured in a conventional manner by the trigger device grouping the resistor 1 .a, the capacitor 14d, the inhibition diode 14b and the device at voltage only 14c, such that the control electrode of the transistor lb is excited by a suitable signal.
- the winding 9d coupled to the magnetic circuit 9, delivers the energy converted to the receiver 12 connected between its terminals, according to a voltage transfer mode, called "voltage transfer".
- the capacitor 13 mounted in parallel with the receiver 12 performs the following functions. Firstly, in the case where the magnetic circuit 9 is designed to have only as small an air gap as possible, the capacitor 13 will have the function of limiting the effects of the leakage inductance affecting the transformer thus formed.
- the capacitor 13 will have the function of constituting with the secondary inductor 9d a parallel resonant circuit whose overvoltage effects may be used in the power supply of the receiver 12,
- the energization of the high-capacity capacitor 15 which takes the place of the aforesaid buffer DC voltage source 4 is automatically obtained from the rectified mains voltage which is present between the polarized output terminals 8a and 7c of the bridge rectifier 7, because the charge of capacitor 15 can thus be carried out through the series circuit comprising the transistor, the primary 9a, the resistance 15a which limits the initial charge overcurrent and diode 5a which maintains the voltage present between terminals 3 and 5 at a constant value cor esponding to the above voltage V3.
- the DC voltage present between terminals 3 and 5 will be affected by a low frequency ripple whose rate depends essentially on the continuous charge that the capacitor 15 can accumulate.
- the high capacity capacitor 15 then behaves as a buffer continuous voltage source whose amplitude, almost constant, allows the adaptation of the different potentials developed in such a device.
- the capacitor 15 then perfectly fulfills the function which is assigned to the aforesaid buffer continuous voltage source 4.
- the device according to the invention per and to obtain excellent compensation for the power factor of the current taken from the network and an extremely reduced level of the rate of harmonic currents affecting the latter.
- the low frequency ripple affecting the DC voltage present between the common terminals Sa and Sb occurs at a very low level which ultimately results in a low ripple rate of the envelope of the current to high frequency applied to the receiver 12 as well as by a small excursion in the amplitude of the low frequency ripple current passing through the capacitor 8,
- FIG. 4 illustrates another practical embodiment of the device which is the subject of the invention, This latter mode, in accordance with what has been described above, differs from the previous one by the points indicated below.
- the inductance of the primary 9a constitutes with the capacitor 16 which is connected to it in series a series oscillating circuit whose resonance occurs at a frequency close to that at which the alternating cyclic conduction maintained by the transistors is maintained. la and 1 b.
- the extraction of energy converted at high frequency is obtained from the so-called "energy transfer” mode.
- the receiver 12 which is directly connected between the terminals of the capacitor 16, is subjected to the alternating potential at high frequency developed between the terminals of the latter.
- this receiver derives a suitable portion of the high frequency current flowing between terminal 1 and terminal 3.
- the portion of converted energy thus applied to the receiver 12, the impedance of which is known, will then be limited to a suitable value which is determined by the impedance of the primary 9a and the reactance of the capacitor 16.
- the resistor 17, connected in parallel with the receiver 12 and the capacitor 16, has the function of ensuring the passage of the direct current required by the charge of the capacitor 15, in the event that said receiver includes a dielectric barrier.
- the resistor 17 could also be connected between the terminal 8a and the terminal 3, which would allow, as before, the continuous charging of the capacitor 15.
- This resistor could still be replaced by the bridge of the resistors 17a and 17b which is established between the common terminals 8a and 8b and whose midpoint is common with the terminal 3. In this way, could also be obtained the DC voltage charge, at a substantially constant amplitude, of the capacitor 15 acting as a source continuous buffer 4.
- the diode 18, suitably polarized, connected in parallel with the capacitor 15 has the optional role of improving the transmission of the alternating current at high frequency passing between the terminals 3 and 5.
- this diode allows the capacitor 15 to be crossed only by a single half-wave of said current recovered at high frequency.
- FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of the device object of the invention.
- This embodiment differs from the previous ones by the fact that an additional inductor 19 is connected in series with the capacitor 16 to form with the latter a series oscillating circuit.
- the impedance of the primary 9a no longer plays a significant role in the resonance frequency of said oscillating circuit because, this primary, associated with the secondary 9b and 9c, has no other function than to constitute an independent transformer. which ensures the control of the alternating cyclic conduction of the transistors la and lb.
- the capacitors 3a and 3b are replaced by a single capacitor 3c whose own capacity is double the unit capacity of each of the first two, thus, at said high frequency, the reactance of this single capacitor remains substantially identical to the result of the other two capacitors, which makes it possible to obtain similar performances while achieving the economy of a component.
- the resistor 17 makes it possible to charge from the terminals 8a and 7c the voltage reservoir capacitor 15 while overcoming the galvanic isolation or the non-linear characteristics which the output receiver 12 could have.
- the resistor 15a for limiting the inrush current caused by the charging of the voltage reservoir capacitor 15 when the mains input terminals 7a and 7b are energized is, here, connected in series with the transistors la and lb constituting the above-mentioned active bridge branch.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a final embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention.
- This embodiment differs from the embodiment previously illustrated in FIG. 2, appended hereto, in that the voltage reservoir capacitor IS, acting as a buffer continuous source 4, is no longer mounted between terminals 3 and 5 , but between terminals 1 and 3, in series with the output load 2.
- terminal 3 and terminal 5 are connected together, - 15 -
- the high-value reservoir capacitor 15 has only a very low impedance at the low frequency of the rectified sector, the converted high frequency alternating current which passes through it is practically free from any modulation at 100 or 120 Hz of the
- This characteristic essentially differentiates the function of the capacitor 15, used as a non-modulable DC voltage buffer, from the function occupied by the capacitor C of FIG. 1, attached, which has only a barrier role. galvanic between the terminals of which the converted high frequency current undergoes a modulation at 100 or 120Hz whose amplitude can equal that of the rectified mains voltage available between the output terminals of the diode bridge J.
- the device according to the invention makes it possible to correct the power factor as well as the harmonic distortion rate affecting the current taken on the 1st sector almost completely.
- the device according to the invention makes it possible to eliminate, between the terminals of the capacitors 8 and 6, the dangerous overvoltages which the capacitors H and K bear, the main cause of which is is to be sought in a very excessive overmodulation at 100 or 120Hz of the converted current.
- the device according to the invention which is simple to construct and does not require any tedious adjustment, makes it possible to correct the drawbacks presented by the devices according to the prior art.
- the device according to the invention can be advantageously used in all inexpensive applications which must meet the standards relating to the current taken from the network, such as mains supplies, electronic transformers, electronic ballasts, compact fluorescent lamps, etc ...
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/463,617 US6185117B1 (en) | 1997-07-28 | 1998-07-23 | Self-compensating converter |
EP98940326A EP1000459A1 (fr) | 1997-07-28 | 1998-07-23 | Convertisseur auto-compense |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR97/09580 | 1997-07-28 | ||
FR9709580A FR2766636B1 (fr) | 1997-07-28 | 1997-07-28 | Convertisseur auto-compense |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999005775A1 true WO1999005775A1 (fr) | 1999-02-04 |
WO1999005775A8 WO1999005775A8 (fr) | 1999-04-15 |
Family
ID=9509713
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1998/001637 WO1999005775A1 (fr) | 1997-07-28 | 1998-07-23 | Convertisseur auto-compense |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6185117B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1000459A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1266548A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2766636B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1999005775A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100386959C (zh) * | 2004-12-16 | 2008-05-07 | 西安交通大学 | 五电平高频直流变换装置 |
US8736189B2 (en) * | 2006-12-23 | 2014-05-27 | Fulham Company Limited | Electronic ballasts with high-frequency-current blocking component or positive current feedback |
US9899905B2 (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2018-02-20 | Det International Holding Limited | Ripple compensation circuit of power supply and compensation method thereof |
CN111147150B (zh) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-02-07 | 上海交通大学 | 基于被动相位补偿的分布式光学频率传递装置与传递方法 |
WO2021120485A1 (fr) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-24 | 上海交通大学 | Dispositif de transfert de fréquence optique basé sur une compensation de phase passive et procédé de transfert |
CN111147149B (zh) * | 2019-12-17 | 2022-09-02 | 上海交通大学 | 基于被动相位补偿的光学频率传递装置与传递方法 |
CN113014127B (zh) * | 2021-02-23 | 2022-06-24 | 海南大学 | 一种电子设备及其电源缓冲保护电路 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2696291A1 (fr) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-04-01 | Courier De Mere Henri | Adaptateur secteur à sortie démodulée. |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5469028A (en) * | 1978-03-20 | 1995-11-21 | Nilssen; Ole K. | Electronic ballast drawing sinusoidal line current |
US4322789A (en) * | 1979-06-29 | 1982-03-30 | Mere, Malleray & Cie | Static converter of symmetrical type |
US5010277A (en) * | 1990-03-16 | 1991-04-23 | Courier De Mere Henri | Electronic converter supplied by an alternating current distribution network |
-
1997
- 1997-07-28 FR FR9709580A patent/FR2766636B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-07-23 WO PCT/FR1998/001637 patent/WO1999005775A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-07-23 EP EP98940326A patent/EP1000459A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-07-23 CN CN98807692A patent/CN1266548A/zh active Pending
- 1998-07-23 US US09/463,617 patent/US6185117B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2696291A1 (fr) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-04-01 | Courier De Mere Henri | Adaptateur secteur à sortie démodulée. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2766636B1 (fr) | 1999-10-01 |
WO1999005775A8 (fr) | 1999-04-15 |
EP1000459A1 (fr) | 2000-05-17 |
CN1266548A (zh) | 2000-09-13 |
US6185117B1 (en) | 2001-02-06 |
FR2766636A1 (fr) | 1999-01-29 |
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