WO1996009008A1

WO1996009008A1 - Surgical instrument

Info

Publication number: WO1996009008A1
Application number: PCT/EP1995/003622
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stephan Koscher; Johann Würtz
Original assignee: Stephan Koscher; Wuertz Johann
Priority date: 1994-09-20
Filing date: 1995-09-14
Publication date: 1996-03-28
Also published as: CA2200566C; US5810865A; DE59508901D1; AU3567595A; CA2200566A1; EP0782412B1; DE19501752A1; EP0782412A1

Abstract

In a surgical instrument with at least one jaw part (6, 7) capable of swivelling around an axle (11), the jaw part (6, 7) should be linked to axle (11) by holding means (8, 9) and be removably secured to the holding means (8, 9).

Description

C h i r u r g i s c h e s I n s t r u m e n t

The invention relates to a surgical instrument with at least one jaw part, which is rotatable about an axis.

Surgical instruments of this type are known in many forms and designs and are on the market. With the corresponding jaw parts it is possible to cut, clamp, pinch off, shear or the like. become. They are usually used to perform certain surgical procedures in humans or animals. In particular through endoscopy, these instruments and their design have become significantly more important.

As an example, reference is made to a surgical instrument according to P 43 32 497.5.

In all of these instruments, the jaw parts are connected to actuating organs, for example scissor legs, via a corresponding pulling or pushing element. When loading the scissor legs are opened and closed. Both jaw parts can be movable or one jaw part can be fixed and the other jaw part can be moved. As soon as the jaw parts are worn out, the instrument is thrown away.

Disposable instruments are also known on the market which are used only for one operation and are then to be disposed of. These disposable instruments are already supplied in sterile packages, so that the disposal of the packaging and the instrument itself involves considerable effort and is very questionable for environmental reasons.

The present invention has for its object to provide a surgical instrument that can be used again and again and in which wear of the jaw parts is not a problem. The possibility of sterilizing the instrument should also be facilitated.

To achieve this object, the jaw part is connected to the axle via a receptacle and the jaw part is releasably fixed relative to the receptacle.

Is basic ^"concept of the present invention that wer¬ solved particularly in the case of wear, the jaw part of the receptacle and replaced with a new mouth part of the can. This leaves the rest of the surgical Instru¬ ment completely preserved can be sterilized and used repeatedly. Since Since the mouth part means only an extremely small proportion of the manufacturing and cost expenditure for the surgical instrument, the present invention brings about a substantial reduction in costs, particularly in the hospital sector.

A variety of embodiments can be considered as the jaw part. It only has to be taken into account that _ _

the activity of the jaw parts does not conflict with their detachable definition. I.e. , No activity should be carried out with the jaw parts in which a strong pull is exerted on the jaw parts. In particular, consideration is given to the configuration of the jaw parts as scissor blades, but also to jaw parts that are used today in biopsy forceps.

The rest of the instrument is preferably designed so that it can be easily sterilized. A surgical instrument according to P 43 32 497.5 is suitable for this.

After being detached from the receptacle, the jaw parts can either be thrown away and replaced with new ones, sterilized and / or reworked. A blunt scissor blade, for example, can be freshly ground again and used again. The invention thus makes a significant contribution to reducing waste, with only a small proportion of packaging also being necessary for the surgical instrument and the jaw parts. Of course, it is also possible to put different jaw parts with which different activities can be carried out on the same instrument.

In a ^' preferred embodiment _. For example, the jaw part is to have an attachment with a guide slot, which interacts with a guide web on a support plate of the receptacle. This guide bar causes the jaw part to be fixed in a targeted manner on the receptacle or a corresponding latching element. Therefore, a shoulder should also be provided on the receptacle, which the jaw part strikes to limit it.

To lock the jaw part in relation to the receptacle, a locking hole is preferably provided in the region of the guide slot, which interacts with a locking element. This locking element can be separately on the Shots are provided, which increases the total length of the mouth by about 3 mm. Since this is not necessarily desirable, it is advisable to use the above-mentioned axis ^■ as a locking element. That is, the jaw part, guided by the guide web in the guide slot, is displaced so far along the receptacle that the guide slot meets the axis. The axis then slides into the latching bore by brief pressure on the jaw part, the guide slot opening briefly somewhat.

The receptacle itself then has a nose extension beyond a bore for the axle, which is connected in an articulated manner to a tension or compression element via a spreading lever. This pulling or pushing element effects the rotary movement of the receptacle and thus of the jaw part about the axis.

In a further exemplary embodiment, an elastic element is arranged on the jaw part and / or the receptacle, which in the position of use has at least one undercut, one edge or the like. engages in or on the receptacle.

This engaging behind the elastic element means that ^"can not take place until a ^'releasing the jaw part of. The recording, when the elastic member is deflected, it is not so longer the undercut of any kind, engages behind. It also means that any Aids must be made available in order to deflect the elastic element. Inadvertent deflection should be avoided. This ensures the safety of the jaw part being fixed to the receptacle, and above all the operator no longer has to fear that a jaw part during the Intervention in the human body detaches itself from the recording and, for example in the case of endoscopic interventions, is very difficult to remove from the body again. There are many options for securely releasably fixing the jaw part to the receptacle. It does not matter whether the elastic element is on the jaw part or on the receptacle. The concept of the invention should always include the reverse arrangement. The following description of two exemplary embodiments is therefore only exemplary.

In the first exemplary embodiment, the jaw part has an attachment to which an elastic tongue with a latching lug is assigned. From a purely technical point of view, it makes sense to produce this tongue by punching it out. A corresponding tongue can remain in a guide slot or in a C-shaped slot.

It is essential that the locking lug can engage behind an undercut and at the same time is free of this undercut by deflecting the tongue. In order to facilitate this, the elastic tongue should have a tapered area that facilitates the deflection.

Any projections or in particular slots in the receptacle into which the latching clip clips in can serve as the undercut. It is desirable that when inserting the jaw part into the receptacle, the jaw part is guided so that the latch also reaches the corresponding undercut. Corresponding guide webs on the receptacle serve this purpose, which interact, for example, with guide slots. However, the same purpose is also served by a simple trough-shaped indentation which is formed on the face of the jaw part or a corresponding attachment on the jaw part. This indentation seeks a congruent projection on the recording. In another embodiment of the invention, the elastic element consists essentially of a locking strip which snaps behind an edge of the guide web on the receptacle. The guide web preferably also has grooves on both sides, in which webs which protrude into the clear width of a step recess are guided. On the one hand, the task is fulfilled that the jaw part is guided when connected to the receptacle, but on the other hand there is also the advantage that the jaw part cannot be detached from the receptacle even if it is bent laterally from the receptacle. The webs in the channels prevent the jaw part from breaking out laterally, so that this jaw part can also be attached to a receptacle from the outside.

Particular attention should be paid to ensuring that the jaw part is releasably fixed in such a way that the jaw part does not accidentally detach itself from the rest of the surgical instrument, for example in the body of a patient. That is, the locking hole and the axis must be coordinated with one another so that it is possible to slide the jaw part open, but that the jaw part can only be removed under difficult conditions. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, a mounting adapter is provided which enables better access or better handling of the jaw parts. The jaw parts are arranged in the mounting adapter so that they cannot be moved. At the same time, however, there is an opening in the mounting adapter into which the front part of the surgical instrument can be inserted without the jaw parts. In this case, since the mounting adapter allows a higher pressure when the jaw parts are clipped onto the axle, the diameter of the locking bore can be kept somewhat smaller, for example, or the thickness of the attachment with the locking bore can be increased. This is coordinated in such a way that it is no longer possible to pull off the jaw parts with just two fingers. Of course, many possibilities are conceivable for an assembly adapter and should be within the scope of the present invention.

O 96/09008 —o ₀ * "PC17EP95 / 03622

Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and with reference to the drawing; this shows in

1 shows a plan view of a front part of a surgical instrument;

FIG. 2 shows a top view of the front part of the surgical instrument according to FIG. 1 rotated through 90 °;

3 shows a longitudinal section through the front part of the surgical instrument according to FIG. 2 along line HI-HI;

FIG. 4 shows a side view of a scissor blade according to the invention;

FIG. 5 shows a side view of a scissor blade holder according to the invention;

FIG. 6 shows a top view of the scissor blade according to FIG. 4.

FIG. 7 shows a top view of the scissor blade receptacle according to FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section through an assembly adapter according to the invention with inserted scissor blades and a front part of the surgical instrument;

FIG. 9 shows a side view of a further exemplary embodiment of a jaw part according to the invention;

FIG. 10 shows a plan view of the jaw part according to FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 shows a side view of a receptacle according to the invention for the jaw part according to FIG. 9; FIG. 12 shows a plan view of the receptacle according to FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 shows a side view of the receptacle according to the invention according to FIG. 11 with the jaw part engaged according to FIG. 9;

FIG. 14 shows a plan view of two jaw parts in the position of use locked in the corresponding receptacles;

FIG. 15 shows a side view of a further exemplary embodiment of a jaw part according to the invention;

FIG. 16 shows a plan view of the jaw part according to FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 shows a side view of a further exemplary embodiment of a jaw part according to the invention;

FIG. 18 shows a plan view of the receptacle according to FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 shows a side view of a further exemplary embodiment of a jaw part according to the invention;

1 shows a front part of an outer tube 1, in which a pull rod 2 (see FIG. 2) slides. Connected to the outer tube 1 is a holder 3 which, according to FIG. 2, forms a fork with two fork legs 4 and 5, between which two jaw parts 6 and 7 are inserted. In the present embodiment, both jaw parts 6 and 7 are designed as scissor blades.

For the connection of the jaw parts 6 and 7 with the holder 3 and for the rotatable mounting, two receptacles 8 and 9 are provided, which are connected together and to the fork legs 4 and 5 via a closing screw 10. A locking screw shown in FIG. axis 11, around which the receptacles 8 and 9 or the jaw parts 6 and 7 are rotatably arranged.

The rotatability of the receptacles 8 and 9 about the grid axis 11 is effected by moving the pull rod 2 in the direction x, the pull rod 2 using expansion levers, of which only one spreading lever 12 is shown in FIG. 3, with the receptacles 8 and 9 is connected. These expansion levers 12 form an articulated axis 13 with the pull rod 2 on the one hand and a swivel joint 14 with the receptacles 9 and 8, respectively. Since the expansion levers 12 are turned outwards, when the pull rod 2 moves in the x direction, the receptacles 8 and 9 rotated about the grid axis 11, whereby the jaw parts 6 and 7 are opened and closed. A similar arrangement is described in P 43 32 497.

According to FIGS. 4 and 6, each jaw part 6 or 7 has a lamellar projection 15 into which a guide slot 16 is formed. A latching bore 18 is made near an end face 17 in the region of the guide slot 16.

Each receptacle 8 and 9 has a support plate 19 and thereon, via a shoulder 20, a nose extension 21 which has a bore 22 for receiving the swivel joint 14.

A guide web 23 is placed on the support plate 19, which slides into the guide slot 16 when the jaw part 6/7 and the receptacle 8/9 are joined together. As a result, the jaw part 6/7 is guided in the direction of a grid bore 24 which is penetrated by the grid axis 11 in the position of use. By pressing the jaw part 6 or 7, the raster axis 11 snaps into the locking bore 18 in the region of the guide slot 16, whereby the jaw parts 6/7 are detachably coupled to the receptacle 8/9. Preferably, jaw parts 6 and 7 are located in a mounting adapter 25, which is preferably designed so that jaw parts 6 and 7 fit snugly in a recess 26 of a housing 27. The housing 27 is preferably provided with a corrugation 28 on its outer surface so that a better transmission of force takes place when the mounting adapter 25 is pushed onto the two receptacles 8 and 9. The diameter of the locking hole 18 is so much reduced compared to the diameter of the grid axis 11 that it can be pushed on by means of the mounting adapter 25, but that the jaw parts 6/7 can only be removed from the receptacles 8/9 by means of the operator's fingers or another Operator is not possible.

To better fix the jaw parts 6/7 and their handling when they are pushed onto the receptacles 8 and 9, holes 29 are also provided in the jaw parts 6/7, through which, for example, pins for locking the jaw parts 6/7 are inserted in the mounting adapter 25 can.

For receiving the receptacles 8/9, the mounting adapter 25 also has a guide channel 30 which guides the receptacles 8 and 9 to the jaw parts 6 and 7.

In a further exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9, a jaw part 6.1 has a shoulder 15.1 in which two strips 31 and 32 form a guide slot 16.1. In this guide slot 16.1 an elastic tongue 33 is arranged, which has a locking lug 34. Furthermore, a neck 35 of the tongue 33 is tapered, so that deflection of the tongue 33 from a rest position described later is facilitated.

At the end, each strip 31, 32 is also formed with an engagement cam 36 or 37 which, in the position of use, corresponds to corresponding recesses 38 and 39 of a receptacle 8.1 (see

Fig. 11) engages. The recording 8.1 has one wider nose extension 21.1, into which a bore 22 for receiving a joint part (not shown in more detail) and a bore 24.1 for receiving an axis are formed.

A support plate 19.1 adjoins the nosepiece 21, which is partially still surmounted by a guide web 23.1 which starts from the nosepiece 21.1. This guide web 23.1 ends in front of a hammer-head-like transverse slot 40, to which a longitudinal slot 41 connects, which in turn separates the support plate 19 into two support strips 42 and 43.

When the jaw parts 6.1 and 7.1 are inserted into the corresponding receptacles 8.1 and 9.1, the lugs 15.1 slide along the support plate 19.1, the elastic tongues 33.1 and 33.2 of the two jaw parts 6.1 and 7.1 being deflected towards one another. This is made possible by the tongues 33.1 and 33.2 being cut in a wedge shape so that they leave a wedge-shaped free space 44 open between them. When snapping into the transverse slot 40, the locking lugs 34 engage behind corresponding undercuts 45 which are formed by the transverse slot 40 during the transition into the longitudinal slot 41.

This arrangement also ensures the possibility of a simple solution of the jaw parts 6.1 and 7.1 from the corresponding receptacles 8.1 and 9.1. It is only necessary to insert a corresponding tool into the longitudinal slot 41 or transverse slot 40, which deflects the elastic tongues 33.1 and 33.2 relative to one another, as a result of which the catches 34 are free of the undercuts 45.

The exemplary embodiment of a jaw part according to FIGS. 15 and 16 is similar to that according to FIGS. 9-14.

However, here approach 15.3 does not have a continuous one

Guide slot on, but the elastic tongue 33 is molded out of the neck 15.3 through a C-shaped slot 53.

Furthermore, the projection 15.3 has a trough-like indentation 54 at the end, which cooperates with a corresponding engagement cam, not shown in more detail, of a correspondingly shaped receptacle.

A receptacle 8.2 according to FIGS. 15 and 16 also has a support plate 19.2 which is molded onto a nose extension 21.2. On this support plate 19.2 there is a guide web 23.2, the rear edge 46 of which maintains a distance a from the nose extension 21.2. A rising surface 47 rises from this edge 46, which then ends in a block-like extension 48. In this block-like extension 48 two channels 49.1 and 49.2 are formed from the front adjacent to the support plate 19.2, into which webs 50.1 and 50.2 of a jaw part 6.2 engage in the position of use. These webs 50.1 and 50.2 are parts of a step recess 51, which is formed from a corresponding extension 15.2. As a result, a latching web 52 is also formed at the end of the projection 15.2. This locking web 52 snaps into the area between the edge 46 and the nose 21.2 and engages behind the edge 46. At the same time, the jaw part 6.2 is guided with the webs 50.1 and 50.2 in the grooves 49.1 and 49.2 of the guide web 23, so that in this way Mouth part 6.2 is fixed to the receptacle 8.2.

The advantage of this embodiment of the connection between the jaw part 6.2 and the receptacle 8.2 is that the jaw part 6.2 can only be detached from the receptacle 8.2 if the latching web 52 or the projection 15.2 is bent such that the latching web 52 is on the rising surface 47 can slide. In this case it does not matter whether the corresponding guide webs of adjacent recordings are directed towards each other or in the opposite direction.

Claims

P atentan β test

1. Surgical instrument with at least one jaw part (6, 7) which can be rotated about an axis (11),

characterized,

that the jaw part (6, 7) is connected to the axle (11) via a receptacle (8, 9) and the jaw part (6, 7) is releasably fixed relative to the receptacle (8, 9).

2. Surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the jaw part (6, 7) has a shoulder (15) with a guide slot (16) with a guide web (23) on a support plate (19) of the receptacle ( 8, 9) cooperates.

3. Surgical instrument according to claim 1 or 2, da¬ characterized in that in the jaw part (6, 7) or the neck (15) in the region of the guide slot (16) has a locking bore (18) is formed.

4. Surgical instrument after. Claim 3, characterized ge indicates that the locking bore (18) is assigned a locking element on or on the receptacle (8, 9).

5. Surgical instrument according to claim 4, character- ized in that the axis (11) serves as a locking element, which penetrates a bore (24) in the receptacle (8, 9).

6. Surgical instrument according to at least one of claims 1 - 5, characterized in that the receptacle (8,

9) has a nose extension (21) which over a Spreader lever (12) is articulated to a tension or compression element (2).

7. Surgical instrument according to at least one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the jaw part (6,

7) has a bore (29) for mounting.

8. Surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that on the jaw part (6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1) and / or the receptacle (8.1, 8.2, 9.1) an elastic element (33, 52) is arranged, which in the position of use at least one Undercut (45), an edge (46) or the like. engages in or on the receptacle (8.1, 9.1, 8.2).

9. Surgical instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that the jaw part (6.1, 7.1, 6.3) has an extension (15.1, 15.3) from which a guide slot (16.1) or a C-shaped slot (53) an elastic tongue with a locking lug (34) is formed.

10. Surgical instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that the elastic tongue (33) via a tapered neck (35) with the neck (15.1, 15.3) or the jaw part (6.1, 6.3, 7.1) is connected.

11. Surgical instrument according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the locking lug (34) is assigned a transverse slot (40) in the receptacle (8.1, 8.2, 9.1), which forms the undercut (45).

12. Surgical instrument according to claim 11, characterized in that a longitudinal slot on the transverse slot (40)

(41) connects.

13. Surgical instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that the jaw part (6.2) an approach (15.2) has a step recess (51) which interacts with a guide web (23.2) on the receptacle (8.2).

13. Surgical instrument according to claim 12, characterized in that the step recess (51) has at least one web (50.1, 50.2) which, in the position of use, is inserted into a groove (49.1, 49.2) of the guide web (23.2).

14. Surgical instrument according to claim 13, characterized in that the step recess (51) is delimited by a latching web which engages behind an edge (46) of the guide web (23.2) in the position of use.

15. Surgical instrument according to at least one of claims 1-14, characterized in that the jaw part (6, 7) is received in a mounting adapter (25).

16. Surgical instrument according to claim 15, characterized in that the mounting adapter (25) has a housing (27) which has a recess (26) in which the jaw part (6, 7) fits snugly.

17. Surgical instrument according to claim 16, characterized in that the recess (26) by a guide

'channel (30) for the recording (8, 9) is accessible.