[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1994025173A1 - Tubes d'arrosage elastiques pour l'irrigation - Google Patents

Tubes d'arrosage elastiques pour l'irrigation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1994025173A1
WO1994025173A1 PCT/US1994/004666 US9404666W WO9425173A1 WO 1994025173 A1 WO1994025173 A1 WO 1994025173A1 US 9404666 W US9404666 W US 9404666W WO 9425173 A1 WO9425173 A1 WO 9425173A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
holes
fluid
pierced
distributing system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1994/004666
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gideon Ruttenberg
Original Assignee
Developed Research For Irrigation Products, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Developed Research For Irrigation Products, Inc. filed Critical Developed Research For Irrigation Products, Inc.
Priority to EP94917275A priority Critical patent/EP0696232A4/fr
Priority to AU69043/94A priority patent/AU6904394A/en
Publication of WO1994025173A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994025173A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/32—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages in which a valve member forms part of the outlet opening
    • B05B1/323—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages in which a valve member forms part of the outlet opening the valve member being actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B05B1/20—Arrangements of several outlets along elongated bodies, e.g. perforated pipes or troughs, e.g. spray booms; Outlet elements therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

Definitions

  • This invention relates to elastic tubes, especially for use as drip tubes, spraying tubes, and filtering elements for irrigation.
  • Perforated plastic tubes have been used in drip irrigation for the past 30 years. Such tubes are perforated along their length to allow water to drip out, thus irrigating agricultural rows along which such tubes are laid. Different methods of perforating these tubes, including drilling, punching, etc., are described in "Trickle Irrigation Literature Survey", Israel Center Of Water Works Appliances, Publication PR — 80767, October 1967. Additional methods of perforating plastic tubes have been developed subsequently, including the use of laser beams. Some progress has been achieved by perforating plastic tubes having different configurations, namely double-conduit plastic tubes.
  • Drippers consisting of plastic tubes or channels with long paths, have been developed for creating a turbulent flow in the path, thus increasing the cross- section through which the water flows out from the tube without increasing the flow through each dripper, thereby reducing the sensitivity of the drippers to plugging. Such drippers are described in the above- mentioned literature survey.
  • US patent 2,779,180 to Andrews (1956) relates to a sprinkling device comprised of tubes formed in different configurations from thin, perforated, plastic sheets.
  • the different configurations of the tubes are used for stabilizing the tubes above the ground, and directing the jets of water flowing out from the tube to the desired location.
  • Double conduit perforated plastic drip tubes are produced by Chapin Watermatics Inc., of Watertown, New York, U.S.A.
  • a similar perforated plastic tube, in which perforation is done by a laser beam, is produced by Hardie Irrigation of Website, U.S. A. Netafim of Israel, and Drip-In Irrigation Company of Fresno, California, U.S.A., produce plastic drip tubes with drippers installed inside the tube during the extrusion process of the tube.
  • Several companies, including Netafim produce plastic tubes with drippers connected to the tube from the outside.
  • Figs la through If show various aspects of a round, pierced, elastic drip tube according to the invention.
  • Figs 2a through 2f show various aspects of a pierced, elastic tube in accordance with the invention, in which the geometric shape of the tube is used for controlling the pattern of the fluid when it flows out of the tube, the flow rate of the fluid, and type of flow.
  • Figs 3a through 3d show a double-wall, pierced, elastic drip tube in accordance with the invention, with and without drippers.
  • Fig 4 shows a pierced, elastic, multiple-wall drip tube in accordance with the invention, in which one wall serves as a filter.
  • Figs 5a and 5b show a pierced, elastic, multiple-wall drip tube with a long capillary tube.
  • Fig 6 shows a liquid sprayer in accordance with the invention, comprising a pierced, elastic membrane.
  • Figs 7a through 7c show pressurized fluid filters in accordance with the invention, comprising pierced, elastic tubes.
  • Figs la through Id cross sections
  • Figs le and If top view
  • An elastic tube 12 is pierced by means of a sharp object or needle 22, as illustrated in Fig la.
  • a hole 24 will be formed in the tube, as illustrated in Fig lb. Due to the elasticity of tube 12, hole 24 will be closed, but will open as shown in Fig lc when the pressure of fluid 25 inside the tube increases beyond a predetermined level.
  • Tube 12 is connected at end 30 (Fig le) to pressurized fluid supply fitting 32, while its other end 34 is either tied or plugged by means of fitting 36.
  • Fluid supply fittings shown here schematically, can be selected from different types of known fittings, including flow controls, drippers, couplers, etc.
  • Elastic tube 12 can be elongated or stretched in the field from length 38 (Fig le) to length 40 (Fig If).
  • Length 40 is one and one half times length 38.
  • Tube 12 can be made of different elastomers, such as E.P.D.M. or silicone rubbers or from thermoplastic elastomers, such as the elastomer sold under the trademark Kraton by Shell. Tube 12 can be pierced, at any interval along the tube, during the extrusion process or in a secondary operation.
  • elastomers such as E.P.D.M. or silicone rubbers or from thermoplastic elastomers, such as the elastomer sold under the trademark Kraton by Shell.
  • Tube 12 can be pierced, at any interval along the tube, during the extrusion process or in a secondary operation.
  • the pressure of fluid 25 inside tube 12 creates a stress on the walls of the tube.
  • the pressure creates a tensile stress on the walls, forcing inside diameter 14 and outside diameter 16 of tube 12 to increase. Since elastomers cannot be compressed by applying a stress, the two diameters of elastic tube 12 increase.
  • Inside circumference 18 increases (elongates) more than outside circumference 20, thus forcing pierced holes 22 along round tube 12 to open to a cone shape 26.
  • pierced holes 24 remain closed, as illustrated in Fig lb.
  • pierced holes 24 open to a certain size 26, as illustrated in Fig lc.
  • pierced holes 24 increase their size from 26 to 28, as illustrated in Fig Id.
  • the size to which pierced holes 24 open is correlated to the pressure of the fluid within the tube, the physical properties of the elastomer, the geometric shape and dimensions of the tube, the wall thickness of the tube at a piercing point, the piercing direction, etc.
  • a flow control namely fitting 32
  • the total flow through all holes 24 along the tube is controlled and equal to that of the flow control. Since the tube is elastic, its original length can be increased to more than twice its original length.
  • a 10-meter-long silicone tube 12 having an inside diameter of 4 mm and an outside diameter of 5 mm is pierced with a sewing needle at intervals of 20 cm.
  • the tube which has 50 pierced holes, is connected at one end to a source of water and its other end is plugged.
  • the holes open themselves to a size of about 70 microns and water flows out through each hole at an average flow of 0.16 liter/hour/hole, or a total flow of 8 liters/hour.
  • the 10-meter tube By holding one end of the tube at a fixed place and by pulling its other end, the 10-meter tube can be stretched to 20 meters. By affixing the two ends of the stretched tube in position, the 10-meter tube can be used for irrigating a 20-meter long strip of ground.
  • the total flow through all 50 holes is controlled at 8 liters hour, or an average flow of 0.16 liter/hour/hole.
  • Figs 2a through 2f show different means for controlling the liquid that flows out through the holes in the pierced elastic tubes.
  • Figs 2a through 2f illustrate different means of controlling:
  • Fig 2a shows an extruded elastic tube 42, according to the invention. It comprises a round portion 44 and a deflector 46, forming an open space 54 between the round portion and the deflector. Space 54 has an outlet 56. Tube 42 is pierced in direction 48 through the deflector and the round part of the tube, creating pierced holes 50 and 52.
  • Deflector 46 may have different geometric shapes with different angles for directing the liquid to any desired location. Deflector 46 is especially useful in preventing irrigation water from flowing out of the tube in jets, and for concentrating the water close to the tube. This type of irrigation is known as drip irrigation.
  • the deflector can be 5 mm wide and 1 mm thick in order to prevent the liquid from flowing out of the tube in jets.
  • the jets break the water to fine drops, flowing out from the tube in a mist.
  • Fig 2b cross section
  • Fig 2c top view
  • Tube 58 is extruded with round portion 60 and flat base 62, for installing the tube on flat surface 72 of ground 74.
  • Holes 64 are pierced in the tube at an angle 66.
  • the liquid flows out from tube 58 through holes 64 in jets 70, wetting a strip 78 of ground.
  • the size of holes 64, distance 76, and the rate of the liquid flow through each hole are correlated to the operating pressure.
  • tube 58 sprays a liquid to a distance 76 for wetting a snip 78 of ground.
  • Fig 2d (cross section) illustrates a round, elastic tube 80 with a thicker portion 82, pierced in direction 84, and creating long-path, pierced hole 86.
  • liquid 57 flows through a long path.
  • the long path of the hole is used for decreasing the flow of liquid through the hole. Since the flow of the liquid is also correlated to the wall thickness of the tube at the piercing point, piercing the tube at a thick portion decreases variations in flow through holes in the same tube.
  • the tube can be extruded with a wall thickness of 0.5 mm. However, along a 4 mm section of its circumference, at the piercing point, the wall thickness is 10 mm. Liquid that flows out through the hole passes through a 10-mm-long path. Small variations in the wall thickness along the tube, created during the extrusion of the tube, have little effect on the flow of liquid through each hole along the tube.
  • Fig 2e (cross section) illustrates an elastic tube 88 with a flat portion 90 and inwardly protruding portion 92.
  • the tube is pierced in direction 94, creating pierced hole 96.
  • the geometric shape of tube 88 is used for controlling the geometric shape of holes 96 when they open in response to the pressure of liquid 57.
  • the stress created by the pressure of the liquid will force the inner caved portion at section 92 to decrease its length.
  • the outside portion of section 92 will increase its length, thus causing the holes to open in a fan or cone shape 98. Holes of such shape are useful, with and without deflectors, for spraying and misting irrigation water.
  • Fig 2f cross section
  • Tube 100 which has a thinner wall at section 102, and a flat bottom 108.
  • Tube 100 is pierced in direction 104, creating pierced holes 106 and 108.
  • Holes 110 are made in the thicker portion of tube 100.
  • the tube can be used for different applications as follows:
  • the holes pierced in the thicker portion of the tube also open and the water flows out in jets, wetting an 8-meter- wide strip of ground.
  • Figs 3a through 3d show double-conduit elastic drip tubes according to another embodiment of the invention. These are especially useful for irrigating long rows.
  • Fig 3a cross section
  • Fig 3b longitudinal cross section
  • tube 112 which is extruded with main conduit 114 and distributing conduit 116.
  • the two conduits have a common wall 118.
  • Elastic tube 112 has pierced holes 120 at close intervals 124 along distributing conduit 116, and pierced holes 122 in common wall 122 at wide intervals 126, as illustrated in Fig 3b.
  • Fig 3c (cross section) illustrates double-conduit elastic tube 112, with drippers 130 connected to the tube from outside, and installed at wide intervals 122 (Fig 3b).
  • Dripper 130 has a fluid inlet 132, with its outlet 134 communicating with distributing conduit 116.
  • Holes 120 are pierced in conduit 116 at close intervals 124 (for example, 10 cm apart) along the tube.
  • Fig 3d (cross section) illustrates the same elastic tube 112 with drippers 136 installed inside the tube during the extrusion process of the tube.
  • Drippers 136 are connected to common wall 118 at wide intervals 122.
  • Drippers 130 and 136 shown schematically, can be selected from several known types of drippers or flow controls.
  • liquid 57 flows from main conduit 114 to distributing conduit 116 through holes 122.
  • the flow of liquid through each hole 122 that enters conduit 116 flows out from tube 112 through group 128 of holes 120.
  • Holes 120 are pierced at close intervals 124 (for example, 10 cm).
  • Each group 128 of holes comprises a relatively short length of tube. This allows the pressure Pn of liquid 57 in conduit 114 to be high, while the pressure in conduit 116 can be low. Since the total flow of liquid through each group 128 of holes 120 is controlled by the size of hole 122 and the operating pressure, when one or more holes 120 are plugged, the flow through remaining open holes 120 in the same group 128 is increased accordingly.
  • the piercing of tube 112 is done by controlling the depth at which a needle penetrates the tube. By short penetration at close intervals, the needle pierces holes 120. By deep penetration at wide intervals, the needle pierces holes 122 and simultaneously some holes 120.
  • Holes 120 pierced at wide intervals, are some of the holes in group 128.
  • the flow of liquid through common wall 122 can also be controlled by drippers 130, as shown in Fig 3c, connected to the tube from outside, or by drippers 136 installed inside the tube, as shown in Fig 3d. Liquid 57 through each dripper flows out from tube 112, through a group 128 of holes 120, in the distributing tube. As a result, a flow of a single dripper is divided into low flow rates, flowing out through several holes 120, applying the liquid to several points along the tube.
  • Fig 4 (cross section) shows a multi-wall, drip elastic tube with a built-in filter.
  • Elastic tube 138 is extruded with main conduit 140, a transition conduit 142, and a distributing conduit 144.
  • Main conduit 140 and transition conduit 142 have a common wall 146.
  • Transition conduit 142 and distributing conduit 144 have a common wall 148, thinner at portion 150.
  • Tube 138 is pierced at close intervals in direction 152, creating pierced holes 154, 156, and 158.
  • Tube 138 is also pierced in direction 160, at wide intervals, creating holes 162 and 164. Holes 156 are pierced at the thicker portion of common wall 148, while holes 164 are pierced at the thinner portion 150 of wall 148.
  • Pressurized water flows from main conduit 140 through small holes 158, which filter the water that flows to transition conduit 142. From conduit 142, filtered water 168 flows through holes 164 in the thin section 150 of wall 148 to distributing conduit 144, and, then, out from tube 138, through groups of holes 154 and 162, pierced along the tube.
  • the water flows from main conduit 140, through filtering holes 158 and then through holes 164, which control the flow.
  • the liquid then flows out of the tube through holes 154 and 162. This is achieved by piercing tube 138 at close intervals in direction 152, piercing holes 154, 156, and 158.
  • piercing tube 138 also at wide intervals, in direction 160, holes 162 and 164 are formed. Holes 164 are pierced through the thin section of wall 148. Holes 156, which are pierced through a thicker portion of wall 148, remain closed at a wide range of pressures.
  • the flow of liquid from conduit 142 to conduit 144 can be also controlled by means of drippers or flow controls, as was previously illustrated in Figs 3c and 3d.
  • Figs 5a (cross section) and 5b (longitudinal) describe an elastic drip tube, extruded with a capillary conduit which is used for regulating the flow of water through each group of holes in the distributing conduit.
  • the elastic tube is formed with main conduit 170, a transition conduit 172, a capillary conduit 174, and a distributing conduit 176.
  • the tube is pierced at close intervals in direction 178, creating holes 180, 182, and 184.
  • the tube is pierced in direction 186, creating holes 188 and 190.
  • the tube is also pierced in direction 192, creating holes 194 and 196.
  • the tube has a thicker wall at sections 198, 200, and 202.
  • the water is filtered when it passes through holes 184.
  • Hole 182 is pierced at thick portion 198 and it remains closed.
  • the water then flows from the transition conduit, through hole 190 into capillary conduit 174.
  • Hole 202 is pierced at a thick section 202 and it remains closed.
  • the water then flows through a long section 204 of the capillary conduit from hole 190 to holes 196.
  • Section 200 of the tube is thicker and hole 194 remains closed.
  • the water flows out from the capillary conduit into the distributing conduit and then out, through groups 206 of holes 180.
  • Each section 204 of the capillary conduit is used as a dripper for regulating the flow 208 of water to each group 206 of holes 180.
  • the secondary conduit shown in Figs 3, 4, and 5 can be produced with a small cross section of about 5 square mm. When the inside diameter of the main conduit is 13 mm and the tube applies a flow of 0.8 liter/hour/meter, such tubes can be used for irrigating a 200-meter-long row.
  • Each group of holes in the distributing conduit may include 100 holes at intervals of 10 cm. Each such group is pierced along 10 meters of the distributing conduit.
  • the flow rate of 8 liters/hour to each group of holes in the distributing conduit can be controlled by a hole in the common wall, by a dripper, by a flow control, or by a capillary conduit.
  • 8 liters/hour will flow in a 5 meter capillary conduit with an inside diameter of 1.5 mm, thus regulating the flow to each group.
  • a flow of 8 liters/hour then flows through 100 holes at an average flow of 0.08 liter/hour/hole.
  • the water Before entering the distributing conduit, the water is filtered by means of a built-in filter.
  • Fig 6 (partly in cross section) shows a sprayer for applying liquids at a low flow over a large designated area.
  • Sprayer 210 comprises an elastic membrane 212 with pierced holes 214 and fitting 218.
  • Membrane 212 is plugged at one end 216, and its other end is connected to liquid supply fitting 218.
  • Outlet 220 of fitting 218 is connected to space 222, enclosed in the elastic membrane 212.
  • Tube 230 can be used for connecting sprayer 210 to liquid supply tube 236 through fitting 234.
  • Spike 232 can be used for supporting sprayer 210 on ground 138.
  • Holes 214 can be pierced in different directions, e.g., as illustrated at 224.
  • Membrane 212 can be produced with different geometric shapes for controlling direction 224 of liquid jets 226.
  • Fitting 218 or 234, shown schematically, can be a coupler, flow control, etc.
  • Elastic membrane 212 can be molded either as one part, with its end 216 plugged, or made from a section of extruded elastic tube, either tied or plugged.
  • the flow rate of each jet 226, and the distance each jet travels, can also be regulated by controlling the pressure of the liquid in space 222.
  • each jet can be controlled by the geometric shape of the elastic membrane 212 and by the piercing angle. Different wetting patterns, including full circle, part circle, square, etc., can be achieved by selecting the proper geometric shapes and piercing angles.
  • the size of the holes can be altered by changing the pressure of the liquid.
  • the sprayer When the sprayer is connected to the outlet from a flow control, the total flow of liquid through all the holes is controlled.
  • the sprayer can be directly connected to a liquid supply tube 236 and held at an elevated position by means of connecting tube fitting 234, and spike 232.
  • elastic membrane can have ten pierced holes. Water flows out from the holes in jets, wetting 20 square meters of ground with a total flow of only 8 liters/hour.
  • Figs 7a and 7b show pressurized fluid filters; these filter fluids that flow through small holes in pierced elastic tubes.
  • Fig 7a shows tube 240, connected at one end 242 to fluid inlet fitting 244, and plugged at its other end 246 by means of plug 248.
  • Tube 240 is surrounded by casing 250.
  • Space 252 surrounds elastic tube 240 and is surrounded by casing 250.
  • End 254 of space 252 is plugged by means of inlet fitting 254 which is also connected to end 256 of casing 250.
  • End 258 of space 252 and end 260 of casing 250 also provide an outlet from the filter.
  • Tube 240 has pierced holes 262 throughout its circumference 264.
  • Fluid 266 flows into the filter through inlet fitting 244 and flows out as filtered fluid 268 through outlet 260.
  • Fluid 266 flows through inlet fitting 244 into the elastic tube.
  • pierced holes 262 open and the fluid flows from the tube through the holes, filtered, continues to space 252, and through outlet 258 out from the filter.
  • Fig 7b illustrates a fluid filter comprising tubes 270, 272, and 274, which surround each other, creating main conduit 276, a secondary conduit 278, and a delivery conduit 280.
  • the three tubes are connected atone of their ends 282 to pressurized fluid supply fitting 284, which plugs the fluid inlet to conduits 278 and 280, permitting the fluid to flow only into conduit 276.
  • conduits 276 and 278 are plugged by means of plug 288, which plugs ends 286 of conduits 276 and 278.
  • Conduit 280 is connected at its end 286 to fluid outlet fitting 290.
  • the three tubes can be extruded as one part with a rib 306, as illustrated in Fig 7c.
  • Fig 7c shows a filter in which all tubes can be extruded or molded as one part with plug 288.
  • the three tubes When the three tubes are produced as one part, extruded or molded, they can be pierced in direction 314, from the outside circumference 282 of tube 274, by means of a sharp object that penetrates the walls of the three tubes, piercing holes 292, 294, and 296 throughout circumference 282, and at a length 304 of the tubes.
  • Tube 274 has a thicker wall than tubes 270 and 272.
  • the filter can also be produced by using only two elastic tubes 270 and 272, as either one elastic part or two separate parts. These can be enclosed in a rigid non-pierced casing 274.
  • holes 292 open, and the fluid flows through the small holes, from conduit 276 to conduit 278, filtering the fluid for the first time.
  • the fluid then continues to flow, through holes 294, from conduit 278 to conduit 280, where it is filtered a second time.
  • the walls of tube 274 are thicker. Therefore, pierced holes 296 remain closed at a wide range of pressures. Filtered fluid 300 then continues to flow through conduit 280, outlet 310, fitting 290, and, then out from the filter, through outlet 312.
  • the three tubes When the three tubes are made of one elastic part, they can be pierced, by pushing a sharp object in direction 314 from the outside circumference 302 of the part through the three walls of the three tubes.
  • only two tubes can be used.
  • the filter can be flushed:
  • the size to which the holes open can be controlled by the operating pressure of the fluid. By using nominal pressure Pn, the holes will open to a very small size. Then the fluid flows through each hole at a very low flow rate. This is used for applying a low flow of water for wetting a large designated area, by using many holes at close intervals. The water can flow out from the tube in drops, jets, or mist.
  • small size tubing, pipes, fittings, pumps, etc. can be used because the total flow of water through each irrigation device can be very low. In an irrigation project, regardless of its size, since the flow through each irrigation tube is low, all the tubes in the project can be operated at the same time using only one main valve, eliminating the need for using many valves, controllers, etc. for operating the irrigation system.
  • the size of the holes can be increased 10 or 20 times. Thus, plugging of the holes can be eliminated.
  • the tube By holding one end of the tube at a fixed point, and pulling up its other end, the tube can be elongated by more than twice its original length.
  • a 50-meter drip tube can be elongated to a 100-meter tube for wetting 100 meters of ground.
  • a drip tube with a built-in filter reduces maintenance costs.
  • a sprayer as described, can be operated at a very low liquid flow for wetting a large designated area.
  • a variety of distribution patterns can be achieved by using elastic membranes with proper geometric shapes and dimensions, and by controlling the operating pressure. By periodically increasing the operating pressure, plugging of the holes can be eliminated.
  • a filter as described, can be produced from simple, inexpensive elements. Two or more filtering elements can be used in parallel, for safe filtration.
  • the holes in each tube can be enlarged and the filter can be easily flushed. Holes with long paths are used for increasing the volume of the filtering media.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un tube (12) pour l'irrigation, qui est fabriqué en un matériau élastique et qui est percé au moyen d'une aiguille (22) destinée à former une pluralité de trous normalement fermés (24). Un liquide est acheminé par le tube à un faible débit. En réponse à la pression du liquide dans le tube, les trous s'ouvrent (26), laissant sortir le liquide de façon régulable. Une augmentation de la pression du fluide dans le tube entraîne un accroissement de la taille (28) des trous.
PCT/US1994/004666 1993-04-30 1994-04-28 Tubes d'arrosage elastiques pour l'irrigation WO1994025173A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94917275A EP0696232A4 (fr) 1993-04-30 1994-04-28 Tubes d'arrosage elastiques pour l'irrigation
AU69043/94A AU6904394A (en) 1993-04-30 1994-04-28 Elastic drip tubes for irrigation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5550893A 1993-04-30 1993-04-30
US08/055,508 1993-04-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994025173A1 true WO1994025173A1 (fr) 1994-11-10

Family

ID=21998321

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1994/004666 WO1994025173A1 (fr) 1993-04-30 1994-04-28 Tubes d'arrosage elastiques pour l'irrigation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0696232A4 (fr)
AU (1) AU6904394A (fr)
IL (1) IL109423A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994025173A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6513734B2 (en) * 2001-01-08 2003-02-04 Giacomo Bertolotti Pressure compensated discharge emitter
WO2004024335A1 (fr) * 2002-09-16 2004-03-25 Mee Industries, Inc. Dispositif a buses de pulverisation multiples
FR2912034A1 (fr) * 2007-02-05 2008-08-08 Jean Francois Bassereau Dispositif de culture, notamment horticole
CN109392673A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2019-03-01 河北广发农业科技有限公司 一种地埋式复合渗水管
CN115735517A (zh) * 2022-11-18 2023-03-07 河南农业大学 一种烟草水肥一体化滴灌装置及其滴灌方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2771320A (en) * 1952-11-04 1956-11-20 John J Korwin Sprinkling system
USRE28095E (en) * 1973-03-15 1974-07-30 Water distbibuting hose
US3860179A (en) * 1971-02-17 1975-01-14 Erminio Natale Costa Drip irrigation
US4626130A (en) * 1983-12-12 1986-12-02 Chapin Richard D Drip irrigation system

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3662955A (en) * 1969-06-06 1972-05-16 Michinobu Takanashi Length of watering hose for cultivating plants
US4193552A (en) * 1977-10-20 1980-03-18 Ishikawa Ken Ichi Liquid sprayer pipe with inclined slits

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2771320A (en) * 1952-11-04 1956-11-20 John J Korwin Sprinkling system
US3860179A (en) * 1971-02-17 1975-01-14 Erminio Natale Costa Drip irrigation
USRE28095E (en) * 1973-03-15 1974-07-30 Water distbibuting hose
US4626130A (en) * 1983-12-12 1986-12-02 Chapin Richard D Drip irrigation system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP0696232A4 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6513734B2 (en) * 2001-01-08 2003-02-04 Giacomo Bertolotti Pressure compensated discharge emitter
WO2004024335A1 (fr) * 2002-09-16 2004-03-25 Mee Industries, Inc. Dispositif a buses de pulverisation multiples
FR2912034A1 (fr) * 2007-02-05 2008-08-08 Jean Francois Bassereau Dispositif de culture, notamment horticole
CN109392673A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2019-03-01 河北广发农业科技有限公司 一种地埋式复合渗水管
CN115735517A (zh) * 2022-11-18 2023-03-07 河南农业大学 一种烟草水肥一体化滴灌装置及其滴灌方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0696232A1 (fr) 1996-02-14
EP0696232A4 (fr) 1996-09-11
IL109423A0 (en) 1994-07-31
AU6904394A (en) 1994-11-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0548072B1 (fr) Methode et appareil servant a convertir un flux continu de basse pression en un flux de haute pression a pulsations
CA2091357C (fr) Methode et appareil pour elever la pression d'une maniere intermittente d'un liquide contenu dans un debit a faible pression
US5531381A (en) Pulsating drip laterals
US8496193B2 (en) Fluid control devices particularly useful in drip irrigation emitters
US4626130A (en) Drip irrigation system
US4955539A (en) Method and apparatus for converting pressurized low continuous flow to high flow in pulses
US9345206B2 (en) Apparatus and method for operating pressure-compensated drippers at low flow rates
US3934824A (en) Irrigation system water emitter
US5692858A (en) Apparatus for soil irrigation
US5520339A (en) Multi-stage dripping tube for irrigation
EP0696232A1 (fr) Tubes d'arrosage elastiques pour l'irrigation
US20070252023A1 (en) Tube System for Supplying a Fluid, Preperably for Subsoil Irrigation
KR101023987B1 (ko) 살수체, 살수체의 제조 방법, 관수용 튜브, 관수용 튜브의제조 방법 및 세무 냉방 방법
US4085895A (en) Adjustable spray device
US4858636A (en) Preset microscopic flow valve apparatus and method
RU2685139C1 (ru) Способ капельного орошения плодово-ягодных, кустарниковых культур и цветочных растений
US20100327084A1 (en) Drip Irrigation Hose
US3912169A (en) Irrigation system
JPH0837955A (ja) 液体散布装置の散液部
CN109803528B (zh) 混合灌溉管
CA1202180A (fr) Appareil d'irrigation ponctuelle
US20060108453A1 (en) System and method for subterranean watering
AU653138B2 (en) Method and apparatus for converting pressurized low continuous flow to high flow in pulses
RU2056734C1 (ru) Водовыпуск
RU2215405C2 (ru) Оросительная сеть для полива склоновых земель

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AU BB BG BR BY CA CN CZ FI HU JP KP KR KZ LK LV MG MN MW NO NZ PL RO RU SD SI SK TT UA UZ VN

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1994917275

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1994917275

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 1994917275

Country of ref document: EP