WO1994012607A1 - Hard-surface cleaning compositions comprising solvent, surfactant and lipase - Google Patents
Hard-surface cleaning compositions comprising solvent, surfactant and lipase Download PDFInfo
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- WO1994012607A1 WO1994012607A1 PCT/EP1993/002736 EP9302736W WO9412607A1 WO 1994012607 A1 WO1994012607 A1 WO 1994012607A1 EP 9302736 W EP9302736 W EP 9302736W WO 9412607 A1 WO9412607 A1 WO 9412607A1
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- Prior art keywords
- surfactant
- solvent
- cleaning
- composition according
- enzyme
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 title claims description 4
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 title claims description 4
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000002366 lipolytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 carbon alkane Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RWNUSVWFHDHRCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxypropan-2-ol Chemical group CCCCOCC(C)O RWNUSVWFHDHRCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009044 synergistic interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical class CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IDQBJILTOGBZCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxypropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCOC(O)CC IDQBJILTOGBZCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IDOQDZANRZQBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1OCCO IDOQDZANRZQBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920004929 Triton X-114 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010020132 microbial serine proteinases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PVNIQBQSYATKKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripalmitin Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PVNIQBQSYATKKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVVDKUPCWXUVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M Aminosalicylate sodium anhydrous Chemical compound [Na+].NC1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C(O)=C1 FVVDKUPCWXUVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 206010042618 Surgical procedure repeated Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BAECOWNUKCLBPZ-HIUWNOOHSA-N Triolein Natural products O([C@H](OCC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC)C(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC BAECOWNUKCLBPZ-HIUWNOOHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioleoylglycerol Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012888 bovine serum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940075557 diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical group OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- CMXPERZAMAQXSF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate;1,8-dihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C2=CC=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2O.CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC CMXPERZAMAQXSF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/43—Solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
- C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
- C11D3/38627—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase containing lipase
Definitions
- the most preferred solvent is n-butoxy propan-2-ol which has one alcoholic hydroxyl group and a single ether linkage: i.e the ether formed by linking the linear n- butyl group to the primary hydroxyl of propan-1,2-diol.
- Preferred levels of solvent lie between 0.2-20%wt, preferably 2-10%, most preferably 3-5%wt.
- This material is commercially available as ' DOWANOL PnB' . It is envisaged that the alkane could equally well be branched or that free hydroxyl group on a primary rather than a secondary position.
- the preferred primary alcohol sulphate comprises a mixture of materials of the general formulation:
- R is a C 8 to C 18 primary alkyl group and M is an equivalent cation.
- This class of surfactant is not only particularly efficient in cleaning hard surfaces but is also readily broken down in the environment and can be obtained from natural sources.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Selected combinations of particular solvents and surfactant are compatible with lipolytic enzymes in that after a first application of the compositions of the present invention the cleaning effort required to remove soils in subsequent cleaning cycles is reduced. The invention provides a cleaning composition for hard surfaces which comprises: a) a solvent having at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group and at most one ether linkage, b) a surfactant, and, c) a lipolytic enzyme. It is believed that the selected solvents interact with the enzyme to somehow prevent the surfactant from interfering with the activity of the enzyme, in a synergistic interaction in that the addition of either enzyme or solvent to a surfactant increases cleaning effort as compared with surfactant alone whereas the addition of both solvent and surfactant reduces cleaning effort as compared with surfactant alone.
Description
Hard-surface cleaning compositions comprising solvent, surfactant and Hpase
Technical Field
The present invention relates to improvements relating to cleaning compositions and in particular to hard surface cleaning compositions comprising solvents and enzymes.
Background of the Invention
A wide range of surfactants are used in cleaning compositions. Typical surfactant systems include alkyl benzene sulphonates (anionic) , alcohol ethoxylates (nonionic) , mixtures thereof and optionally small amounts of fatty soaps. Further examples of surfactants can be found' in Schwartz-Perry "Surface Active Agents and Detergents", Vol. I (1949) and Vol. II (1958).
Many cleaning compositions for use in cleaning of household and industrial hard surfaces comprise solvent components, in addition to surfactants. These solvents are generally selected from a wide range including terpenes, acetone, ethanol (often in the form of industrial methylated spirits) , isopropyl alcohol and ethers such as butoxy propanol, and dipropylene and diethylene glycol butyl ethers.
In particular applications one or more of these solvents has been preferred. Typical compositions for cleaning glass are described in EP 261874 (The Procter and Gamble Company: 1986/87) . In that document are described cleaning compositions which comprise a specific isomer of
butoxy propanol: n-butoxy propan-2-ol, available commercially as 'DOWANOL PnB' (RTM, from the DOW Chemical Company) chosen due to the low odour of this isomer. n- butoxy propan-2-ol is miscible with water up to a level of around 6% dependent on temperature and levels of isomers.
For may years it has been known to use lipolytic enzymes in fabric washing. In this specification the term lipolytic enzymes embraces all enzymes which split fats. These enzymes have been used to a lesser extent in both machine and hand dishwashing compositions (EP 171007) . Other published documents show that lipolytic enzymes have been used for cleaning baths, ovens (GB 1273545), lab equipment, floors, cattle stalls (JP 02245129) or as components of a general purpose cleaner (JP 01225700, EP 352244).
Solvents and enzymes have been combined in fabric washing formulations. EP 352244 (Novo-Nordisk, 1988) discloses formulations comprising various enzymes active against fats, proteins and carbohydrates and, optionally, ethanol or diethylene glycol monoethylether as a solven . EP 352244 is concerned with the use of certain amphoteric surfactants to replace anionic surfactants and thus obtain compositions in which the enzyme stability is improved.
It is generally believed, in the art of fabric washing, that the effect of lipolytic enzymes is not, as was originally supposed, merely to facilitate the cleaning process, but rather to assist the cleaning action in the subsequent wash cycle by activity occurring between wash cycles, i.e. the use of lipolytic enzymes in one fabric washing cycle improves the efficiency of cleaning in subsequent washing cycles. However, it has been found that certain lipolytic enzymes have an activity during the wash. For the avoidance of doubt it should be noted that
the term lipolytic enzymes as used in this specification embraces both enzymes which function during the actual cleaning operation and between cleaning operations.
It is desirable that the beneficial effect of lipolytic enzymes, should be made to occur in hard surface cleaning compositions and operations. While some similarities exist between fabric washing and hard surface cleaning there are also major differences, especially as regards dilute use (in fabrics washing) versus neat use (in hards surface cleaning) . Experiment has shown that it is difficult to formulate effective products which comprise surfactant, solvent and lipolytic enzyme. As will be shown by way of example hereafter simple combinations of enzymes and surfactants often behave no better, or even behave less efficiently as regards cleaning than the surfactant taken alone.
Brief Description of the Invention
We have now determined that selected combinations of particular solvents and surfactant are compatible with lipolytic enzymes in that after a first application of the compositions of the present invention the cleaning effort required to remove soils in subsequent cleaning cycles is reduced.
Detailed Description of the Invention
Accordingly the present invention provides a cleaning composition for hard surfaces which comprises:
a) a solvent having at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group and one ether linkage,
b) a surfactant, and,
c) a lipolytic enzyme.
While we do not wish to limit the invention by reference to any theory of operation, it is believed that the selected solvents interact with both the lipolytic enzyme and the surfactant to somehow prevent the surfactant from interfering with the activity of the enzyme while at least maintaining the initial cleaning performance of the composition. This is believed to be particularly important in those compositions which comprise anionic surfactants as these surfactants are believed to be particularly inhibiting to enzymes. Experimental evidence presented below demonstrates that there is a synergistic interaction in that the addition of either enzyme or solvent to a surfactant increases cleaning effort as compared with surfactant alone whereas the addition of both selected solvent and enzyme to a surfactant reduces cleaning effort as compared with the cleaning effort required with surfactant alone.
Solvents
The presence of a specific type of solvent is essential for the performance of the present invention. The specific class is the class of solvents having at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group and one ether linkage.
Typically the solvent comprises a 1-5 carbon alcohol- alkane ether, preferably with an ether linked 1-5 carbon alkane.
The most preferred solvent is n-butoxy propan-2-ol which has one alcoholic hydroxyl group and a single ether
linkage: i.e the ether formed by linking the linear n- butyl group to the primary hydroxyl of propan-1,2-diol. Preferred levels of solvent lie between 0.2-20%wt, preferably 2-10%, most preferably 3-5%wt. This material is commercially available as ' DOWANOL PnB' . It is envisaged that the alkane could equally well be branched or that free hydroxyl group on a primary rather than a secondary position.
As will be shown hereinafter by way of example the selection of solvents outside of this class produces compositions which have a worse cleaning performance than those from which solvent and enzyme are completely omitted.
Surfactants
The presence of surfactant is essential for the performance of the present invention.
The preferred surfactants comprise anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants or mixtures thereof.
Preferably the anionic surfactant is a primary alcohol sulphate (PAS) .
The preferred primary alcohol sulphate comprises a mixture of materials of the general formulation:
;ROSO3),M
wherein R is a C8 to C18 primary alkyl group and M is an equivalent cation. This class of surfactant is not only particularly efficient in cleaning hard surfaces but is
also readily broken down in the environment and can be obtained from natural sources.
The cation M is preferably an alkaline metal or an alkaline earth equivalent, ammonium or substituted ammonium. Magnesium and sodium are preferred as cations.
The nonionic surfactants and preferably alkoxylated surfactant, more preferably ethoxylated surfactants.
The preferred ethoxylated surfactants are nonionic alcohol ethoxylates. Preferably these comprise a mixture of materials of the general formulation:
R-(OCH2CH2)m-OH
wherein R is straight or branched C8 to C18 alkyl, and wherein the average degree of ethoxylation m is 2-10, more preferably 3-5.
Alternative ethoxylated surfactants include, ethoxylated alkanolamides of the general formula:
R-CO-N-(Rx) (OCH2CH20) -H
wherein R-_ is an ethyleneoxy or propyleneoxy group, Y is hydrogen or -R_ (CH2CH20)qH, p is 1 or more, q is 0, 1 or more, and R is alkyl, preferably lauryl or coconut alkyl.
Ethoxylated alklyphenols and ethoxylated fatty acids are also known and it is envisaged that these can be employed as alternatives to the surfactants mentioned above.
Typically, the level of surfactant will lie between 0.5- 30% with higher concentrations being used for concentrates. In use, typical levels of surfactant would be 2-10%, most preferably about 3-7%wt. Compositions comprising both nonionic surfactant and anionic surfactant are particularly preferred, in which compositions it is preferable that the ratio of anionic to nonionic will lie in the range 5:1-1:5. Compositions which comprise an excess of nonionic surfactant over anionic surfactant are preferred to those in which anionic surfactant predominates.
Enzyme
The presence of lipolytic enzyme is essential for the performance of the present invention.
Preferably, the enzyme concentration is equivalent to 0.01-1% of a solution having 100 Novo Lipase Units/mg.
While the invention is described with particular reference to Novo Lipolase (TM) it is envisaged that other lipolytic enzymes can be employed.
It is believed that the reduction in cleaning effort obtained in embodiments of the present invention is due to the lipolytic activity of the enzyme rather than by the absorbtion of the enzyme onto the surface as a protein and any effects associated therewith. As will be shown by experimental evidence presented hereinafter, substitution of active enzyme by denatured enzyme or with other proteins did not attain the effects obtained in embodiments of the invention.
It should be noted that the pH of the formulation will modify the enzyme activity. While the present invention
is described in terms of embodiments which employ near neutral pH this is not intended to restrict the scope of the invention. Reference to the literature will provide details of the optimum pH for any particular enzyme.
The presence of proteases in compositions according to the invention should generally be avoided as this class of enzyme is known to be able to digest lipolytic enzymes. Very preferably, compositions according to the present invention are free of protease enzymes.
Minors
The compositions of the invention can further comprise other components selected from the group comprising: surfactants, perfumes, electrolytes, colours and dyes, abrasives, hygiene agents compatible with the enzyme, further solvent components, foam-control agents, viscosity modifying agents, hydrotropes and mixtures thereof.
Whether or not the presence of a particular component interferes with the activity of the enzyme can be determined by methods similar to or derived from those provided hereafter in the examples.
As will be elaborated upon hereafter by way of example the advantages of the present invention are most readily apparent during repeated cleaning cycles, accordingly a further aspect of the present invention resides in a process for cleaning of hard surfaces which comprises the repeated application of a composition embodying the present invention.
In order that the present invention may be further understood it will be described hereafter by way of
example and with reference to the accompanying figure which shows a graph of the cleaning performance of the embodiments and comparative examples as described below,
EXAMPLES
Cleaning compositions were prepared as in Tables 1 and 2 below, all figures being given in wt% on product and being made up to 100% with water by simple mixing. The following abbreviations are used to identify the components:
P: Dowanol PnB [RTM ex DOW] : n-butoxy propan-2-ol: monoether solvent.
B: Butyl Digol [RTM ex.UNION CARBIDE] : diethylene glycol mono butyl ether: diether solvent.
A: Empicol ML-26-f [RTM ex. Shell] : Magnesium salt of Cιo~C18 primary alcohol sulphate: anionic surfactant.
N: Imbentin 91-35 OFA. [RTM] : nonionic surfactant having
C9-C11 alkyl chain and 3-5 EO.
E: Lipolase 100L solution [RTM ex NOVO] : lipolytic enzyme.
The cleaning efficiency of the compositions was evaluated by "the following procedure.
a) Relatively new Decamel [RTM] tiles were cleaned and rinsed thoroughly with water. The surface of the tiles was soiled with fat/particulate soil at 0.25mg/cm.cm. The soil comprised 1% glycerol tripalmitate, 0.5% glycerol trioleate, 0.5% china
clay, 0.2% liquid paraffin, 0.1% palmitic acid, 0.02% carbon black in industrial methylated spirits. The tiles were allowed to dry overnight at room temperature.
b) 2-4ml of products 1-6 were applied to the soiled tile, laid flat, and the tile was wiped with a sponge using reciprocal rubbing cycles. The effort required to clean the tiles was determined mechanically. Six duplicates were performed with each sample and the results averaged to obtain a value for the effort required in a first cleaning cycle.
c) For repeat cleaning, the tiles were re-soiled with an identical soil at the same concentration as in the first cycle, allowed to dry overnight and cleaned in the same manner. Six duplicates were performed with each sample and the results averaged to obtain a value for the effort required in a second cleaning cycle.
EXAMPLES 1-5: anionic surfactants
TABLE 1
In Table 1, example 1 is an embodiment of the present invention, whereas examples 2-5 are comparative trials. The figures given at 'Day 1' and 'Day 2' represent the total cleaning effort required to remove fatty soil from a surface to a visibly clean limit. The total cleaning effort over the two day period is also given. These results are also presented in the upper portion of the graph provided as figure 1, wherein the darker shaded portion of the bar represents the cleaning effort on the first day and the lighter shaded portion of the bar is the cleaning effort required on the second day. The total length of the bar represents the total effort required on the first and second days.
The results presented in Table 1 show that the formulation according to the present invention is superior or at least equivalent to all the comparative formulations in terms of initial cleaning performance (day 1 figures, Example 1: AEP on the graph) : there being only a slight improvement
over compositions which comprise anionic only (Example 4: A on the graph) . It is noted that addition of enzyme only (Example 3: AE on the graph) or the preferred solvent only (Example 5: AP on the graph) both show poorer performance that than the combination of enzyme surfactant and solvent indicating the synergistic interaction which is believed to occur between the three components. It should also be noted that the wrong choice of solvent (Example 2: AEB on the graph) gives poor initial cleaning even when enzyme is present (compare AEB and AEP) .
From an examination of the results of the secondary cleaning (DAY 2) it can be seen that much the same benefits accrue with the combination of anionic enzyme and the selected solvent now clearly requiring less energy for cleaning than anionic alone whereas the other combination all require more energy to be used.
Similar results were obtained with other anionic surfactants, including Empicol LX (TM) and DOBS 102 (TM) . With the Empicol LX (sodium PAS rather than magnesium PAS) the addition of Butyl Digol diether solvent was again found to reduce the effectiveness of the compositions.
EXAMPLES: 6-11: Nonionic surfactants
13
TABLE 2
Results for nonionic surfactants as shown in Table 2 and the lower portion of the graph are presented in the same manner as for anionics.' These are shown in Table 2, wherein Example 6 is an embodiment of the invention and the other examples are comparative examples.
The results presented in Table 2 show that the formulation according to the present invention is again superior to all the comparative formulations in terms of initial cleaning performance (day 1 figures, Example 6: NEP on the graph) : there being a clear improvement over compositions which comprise nonionic only (Example 11: N on the graph) . It is noted that compositions which comprise nonionic plus enzyme only (Example 10: NE on the graph) or nonionic plus the preferred solvent only (Example 8: NP on the graph) show an improvement over nonionic alone. It should again be noted that the wrong choice of solvent gives poorer initial cleaning than nonionic alone even when enzyme is present (Example 7 and 9: NEB and NB on the graph) .
From an examination of the results of the secondary cleaning (DAY 2) it can be seen that much the same benefits accrue with the combination of nonionic enzyme and the selected solvent clearly requiring less energy for cleaning than other combinations. Taking into account the overall energy use, it can be seen that the combination of nonionic, enzyme and the selected solvent outperforms all other combinations.
Similar results were obtained with the alkyl phenyl ethoxylate Triton X-114 (TM) and the C12-14 amine oxide E pigen OB (TM) . With the Triton X-114 the addition of Dowanol PnB as solvent was found to markedly improve the cleaning performance as assessed by the percentage of soil removed whereas when Butyl Digol was used no significant improvement in cleaning performance was noted.
With mixed surfactant systems it was found that the addition of Butyl Digol (diether solvent) to a 1:1 mixture of Imbentin and either NaPAS or MgPAS reduced the cleaning effectiveness of the compositions whereas the addition of Dowanol PnB (monoether solvent) improved the effectiveness of the compositions in terms of % soil removal.
EXAMPLES: 12-16: Effect of other proteins
In order to demonstrate that the technical effect of the present invention is due to the presence of enzyme rather than the mere presence of protein cleaning experiments were performed to provide comparisons between lipase and other proteins, including the protease Savinase (TM) and bovine serum albumen. Results were obtained as follows:
TABLE 3
From the results given in Table 3 it can be seen that the technical effect of the present invention is due to the presence of lipolytic enzyme rather than the presence of proteins including proteases such as Savinase.
EXAMPLES 17-21: Further Solvent Effects
To further demonstrate the effect of solvent type, the compositions listed below in Table 4 were prepared. All five compositions contained 1% IMBENTIN as described above. Compositions of examples 18-21 comprised 0.05% Lipolase 100L solution and 5%wt of the specified solvent. These examples show the effect of non-ether solvents
(ethanol) , two different mono ether solvents (DOWANOL PnB and BUTYL CELLOSOLVE (RTM) ) and the diether solvent (BUTYL DIGOL) .
TABLE 4
The following procedure was employed in examples 17-21. Clean DECAMEL tiles were sub-divided into four equal test areas (15cm by 15cm) with masking tape and the tile was soiled with fat/particulate soil at 0.5mg/cm.cm. as described above. The tiles were stored overnight and the reflectance from each quarter of the tile measured before cleaning. Each test area was cleaned with a folded non- woven cloth ('J-Cloth' [RTM]) to which 2gm water per gm cloth followed by 0.5ml of the composition had been applied. The tiles were wiped manually with a circular motion for 30 sees, at which point the cloth was refolded to expose a clean area of cloth used for a final wipe. The reflectance of each test area was then measured so as to enable the percentage soil removal to be determined. The initial percentage of soil removed is given in the table as the percentage 'primary cleaning' . Although some test areas were still soiled, the tiles were resoiled and the procedure repeated to obtain the 'secondary cleaning' figures given in the table. All examples were performed in duplicate and showed good consistency, except for examples 18a and 18b where both results are given
separately. Examples 20 and 21 were duplicated twice (i.e. four experiments were averaged).
From the results it can be seen that the most effective primary and secondary cleaning is found with the monoether solvents (Examples 20 and 21) . With the diether solvent (Example 19) and the simple alcohol (Example 18) less effective removal of the soil is seen.
Claims
1. A cleaning composition for hard surfaces which comprises :
a) a solvent having at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group and one ether linkage,
b) a surfactant, and,
c) a lipolytic enzyme.
2. Composition according to claim 1 wherein the solvent is a 1-5 carbon alcohol-alkane ether.
3. Composition according to claim 2 wherein the solvent has an ether linked 1-5 carbon alkane.
4. Composition according to claim 3 wherein the solvent is n-butoxy propan-2-ol.
5. Composition according to claim 1 comprising 0.2-20%wt solvent.
6. Composition according to claim 1 wherein the surfactant comprises anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant or mixtures thereof.
7. Composition according to claim 6 wherein the surfactant comprises a mixture of materials of the general formulation:
(ROS03)2M
wherein R is a C8 to C18 primary alkyl group and M is an equivalent cation.
8. Composition according to claim 6 wherein the surfactant comprises a mixture of materials of the general formulation:
R-(OCH2CH2)m-OH
wherein R is straight or branched C8 to C18 alkyl, and wherein the average degree of ethoxylation m is 2-10.
-
9. Composition according to claim 1 wherein the level of surfactant lies between 0.5-30%.
10. Composition according to claim 6 wherein the ratio of anionic to nonionic falls in the range 5:1-1:5.
11. Composition according to claim 1 wherein the enzyme concentration is equivalent to 0.01-1% of a solution having 100 Novo Lipase Units/mg.
12. A process for cleaning of hard surfaces which comprises the repeated application of a composition according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU51758/93A AU5175893A (en) | 1992-10-09 | 1993-10-05 | Hard-surface cleaning compositions comprising solvent, surfactant and lipase |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB929221256A GB9221256D0 (en) | 1992-10-09 | 1992-10-09 | Improvements relating to cleaning compositions comprising solvent,surfactant and enzymes |
| GB9221255.4 | 1992-10-09 | ||
| GB9221256.2 | 1992-10-09 | ||
| GB929221255A GB9221255D0 (en) | 1992-10-09 | 1992-10-09 | Improvements relating to cleaning compositions comprising solvent,surfactant and enzymes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1994012607A1 true WO1994012607A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
Family
ID=26301764
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1993/002736 WO1994012607A1 (en) | 1992-10-09 | 1993-10-05 | Hard-surface cleaning compositions comprising solvent, surfactant and lipase |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU5175893A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994012607A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997032480A1 (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1997-09-12 | Novo Nordisk A/S | A method of killing or inhibiting microbial cells |
| EP0893489A1 (en) * | 1997-07-22 | 1999-01-27 | Calgon Corporation | Composition and method for cleaning surfaces |
| US10947480B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2021-03-16 | Conopeo, Inc. | Liquid laundry detergent compositions |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1930636A1 (en) * | 1968-06-24 | 1970-07-09 | Albright & Wilson | cleaning supplies |
| FR2087745A5 (en) * | 1969-01-02 | 1971-12-31 | Witco Chemical Corp | |
| EP0352244A2 (en) * | 1988-07-20 | 1990-01-24 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Stabilized enzymatic liquid detergent |
| WO1991009929A1 (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1991-07-11 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Stabilizers for aqueous cleaning fluids |
-
1993
- 1993-10-05 WO PCT/EP1993/002736 patent/WO1994012607A1/en active Application Filing
- 1993-10-05 AU AU51758/93A patent/AU5175893A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1930636A1 (en) * | 1968-06-24 | 1970-07-09 | Albright & Wilson | cleaning supplies |
| FR2087745A5 (en) * | 1969-01-02 | 1971-12-31 | Witco Chemical Corp | |
| EP0352244A2 (en) * | 1988-07-20 | 1990-01-24 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Stabilized enzymatic liquid detergent |
| WO1991009929A1 (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1991-07-11 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Stabilizers for aqueous cleaning fluids |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997032480A1 (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1997-09-12 | Novo Nordisk A/S | A method of killing or inhibiting microbial cells |
| US6287585B1 (en) | 1996-03-06 | 2001-09-11 | Novozymes A/S | Methods for laundry using polycations and enzymes |
| EP0893489A1 (en) * | 1997-07-22 | 1999-01-27 | Calgon Corporation | Composition and method for cleaning surfaces |
| US6080244A (en) * | 1997-07-22 | 2000-06-27 | Calgon Corporation | Composition and methods for cleaning surfaces |
| US10947480B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2021-03-16 | Conopeo, Inc. | Liquid laundry detergent compositions |
| US11572529B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2023-02-07 | Conopeo, Inc. | Liquid laundry detergent compositions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU5175893A (en) | 1994-06-22 |
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