WO1992012179A1 - Purification du polydextrose par chromatographie a exclusion granulometrique - Google Patents
Purification du polydextrose par chromatographie a exclusion granulometrique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992012179A1 WO1992012179A1 PCT/US1991/009011 US9109011W WO9212179A1 WO 1992012179 A1 WO1992012179 A1 WO 1992012179A1 US 9109011 W US9109011 W US 9109011W WO 9212179 A1 WO9212179 A1 WO 9212179A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polydextrose
- composition
- polydextrose composition
- size exclusion
- exclusion chromatography
- Prior art date
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- DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Polydextrose Polymers OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)O1 DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 229920001100 Polydextrose Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000001259 polydextrose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 229940035035 polydextrose Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 235000013856 polydextrose Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000001542 size-exclusion chromatography Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004067 bulking agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N levoglucosan Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2CO[C@@H]1O2 TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008123 high-intensity sweetener Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013615 non-nutritive sweetener Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical group [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- NUFKRGBSZPCGQB-FLBSXDLDSA-N (3s)-3-amino-4-oxo-4-[[(2r)-1-oxo-1-[(2,2,4,4-tetramethylthietan-3-yl)amino]propan-2-yl]amino]butanoic acid;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)NC1C(C)(C)SC1(C)C.OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)NC1C(C)(C)SC1(C)C NUFKRGBSZPCGQB-FLBSXDLDSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004377 Alitame Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 108010011485 Aspartame Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 108050004114 Monellin Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- UEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N Stevioside Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004376 Sucralose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 102000006463 Talin Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108010083809 Talin Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019409 alitame Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 108010009985 alitame Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000605 aspartame Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010357 aspartame Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N aspartame Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960003438 aspartame Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229940109275 cyclamate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- HCAJEUSONLESMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylsulfamic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)NC1CCCCC1 HCAJEUSONLESMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QGGZBXOADPVUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrochalcone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QGGZBXOADPVUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PXLWOFBAEVGBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrochalcone Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1C1=C(O)C=CC(C(=O)CC(O)C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)=C1O PXLWOFBAEVGBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012465 retentate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940013618 stevioside Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N stevioside Natural products CC1(CCCC2(C)C3(C)CCC4(CC3(CCC12C)CC4=C)OC5OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C5OC6OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C6O)C(=O)OC7OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C7O OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019202 steviosides Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019408 sucralose Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N sucralose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](Cl)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@]1(CCl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CCl)O1 BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 5
- NOEGNKMFWQHSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxymethylfurfural Chemical compound OCC1=CC=C(C=O)O1 NOEGNKMFWQHSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- RJGBSYZFOCAGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethylfurfural Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=O)O1 RJGBSYZFOCAGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012607 strong cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019534 high fructose corn syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001013 cariogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005277 cation exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940023913 cation exchange resins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013375 chromatographic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001483 monosaccharide substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014860 sensory perception of taste Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
- C08B37/0009—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid alpha-D-Glucans, e.g. polydextrose, alternan, glycogen; (alpha-1,4)(alpha-1,6)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)(alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. isolichenan or nigeran; (alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. pseudonigeran; Derivatives thereof
Definitions
- This invention relates to purified polydextrose compositions in which most of the off-flavor constituents such as anhydroglucose have been removed by modified chromatographic techniques to provide an organoleptically acceptable polydextrose. More particularly, this invention provides a process for purifying polydextrose by size exclusion chromatography.
- the purified polydextrose prepared in accordance with this inventive method contains 1,6-anhydroglucose as well as mono- and disaccharides at concentrations below detectable levels or less than about 0.01% (W/W) .
- the resulting product has substantially reduced off-tastes and is useful as a low calorie, sugarless bulking agent.
- Polydextrose is a water-soluble, low calorie non-cariogenic bulking agent. It is a randomly cross-linked glucan polymer produced through the acid-catalyzed condensation of glucose.
- U.S. Patent Nos. 3,766,165 and 3,876,794 to Rennhard detail the preparation of polymeric glucose and maltose products by anhydrous melt polymerization using non-volatile, edible, organic polycarboxylic acids as catalysts, cross-linking agents or polymerization activators.
- Polydextrose is an essentially non-nutritive carbohydrate (approximately 1 calorie/gram) substitute. It provides a substitute for sugar and has many of the desired technological properties of sugar, but does not have the sweetness. This non-sweet bulking capability is advantageous where conventional sugar-based compositions have proven to be too sweet. Moreover, this non-sweet bulking capability is especially advantageous when used in combination with high intensity sweeteners to provide low-calorie food products having the desirable texture of conventional sugar-containing food products without the calories associated with the sugar.
- Polydextrose is commercially available in three forms. Polydextrose A, an amorphous, slightly acid 5 fusible powder, Polydextrose N, a neutralized, light-colored 70% solution of Polydextrose A, and Polydextrose K, a neutralized powder form of Polydextrose A. As the polymerization process produces a mixture of polysaccharides and saccharide residuals, none of these 10 products is a pure polydextrose product. All of these polydextrose products include a variety of low molecular weight compounds, such as glucose, sorbitol, citric acid and oligomers, which contribute to the calorie value of these products.
- polydextrose 15 products also include other low molecular weight compounds such as 1,6-anhydroglucose (levoglucosan) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural which give these products a bitter taste and musty off-flavor.
- these low molecular weight compounds are found in polydextrose 20 products only in small amounts (1,6-anhydroglucose, about 4%, bitter taste) (5-hydroxymethylfurfural, about 0.1%, musty off-flavor), those amounts are significant enough to negatively impact on the usefulness of polydextrose in most food products when polydextrose is present in medium 25 to high levels.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,622,233 to Torres discloses a first method of treating polydextrose by decolorizing it with a bleaching agent and thereafter purifying the decolorized material.
- a further method disclosed and 30 claimed in the Torres '233 disclosure for reducing color, glucose content and anhydroglucose content of Type A polydextrose includes the following steps: (a) contacting a 60-70% (W/W) aqueous solution of polydextrose Type A with a food-approved bleaching agent at a temperature of
- the coloring returns to the substance.
- the bleaching step leaves residuals which are difficult to remove.
- extra steps are required by Torres which require additional time, handling, and energy.
- the ratio of polydextrose to solvent is from about 5% to about 45% by weight of polydextrose to about 35% to about 85% by weight of solvent.
- an aqueous solution of commercially available polydextrose is filtered by pressing it tangentially over a porous cellulose acetate membrane at high pressure.
- the membrane removes the bitter off-tastes that are due to the presence of 1,6-anhydroglucose and the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural impurities as well as glucose, sorbitol, citric acid and the like.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,104,078 to Barker et al. discloses the separation of dextrans of different molecular weights into two fractions by column chromatography.
- the dextrans are first dissolved in an organic solvent which is then passed through a sequential chromatographic column which contains a suitable packing material and is rotated thereby producing two separate dextran fractions, one moving faster than the other through the material.
- the two fractions are eventually separated into distinct solutions which may then be collected.
- EPA 0,010,769 to Ando et al. discloses a means of separating small molecular weight compounds by adsorption in a chromatographic column.
- Aqueous solutions containing fructose, glucose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) are passed through columns containing alkaline earth metal absorbants, calcium salt type absorbants or cation exchange resins.
- the purified compound is absorbed onto the packing material while the small molecular weight contaminants pass through or vice versa, depending upon the material used.
- EPA 0,342,629 to Tanimura et al. discloses the separation and purification of sugar solutions by using cation exchange chromatography.
- the chromatographic apparatus is divided into four zones, i.e., an adsorption zone, a refining zone, a desorption zone and a concentration zone.
- the various sugars of different molecular weights are adsorbed, concentrated and refined in different zones depending on the cation exchange resin sed tlieieiii.
- Gerhold discloses separation of a component such as fructose and glucose from a mixture of these and other components by creating a unidirectional fluid flow system through a number of zones comprised of absorbant chambers through which the components travel at different rates.
- a component concentration established within these zones as inlet and outlet fluids comprised of feed and displacement fluids effect the physical separation of the sugar components based on molecular size.
- EPA 0.279,946 to Ando et al. discloses the semi-continuous chromatographic separation of oligasaccharides using a cation exchange resin absorbant.
- the oligosaccharides are separated according to their affinity for the absorbant into constituent fractions which are separately withdrawn.
- the oligasaccharide mixture is repeatedly passed through the system in a cycle of supply, desorption and fluid circulation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sugarless polydextrose composition that is substantially tasteless and useful as a bulking agent or sugar replacement when combined with low calorie high intensity sweeteners in low calorie foodstuffs.
- a purified, sugarless polydextrose bulking composition useful in the incorporation of a variety of reduced calorie food applications, in which low molecular compounds responsible for the musty, bitter off tastes have been removed by size exclusion chromatography.
- a substantially tasteless, purified polydextrose composition is obtained through the use of size exclusion chromatography in which low molecular weight components such as mono- and disaccharides as well as 1,6-anhydroglucose are removed. These impurities which greatly detract from the usefulness of commercial polydextrose as a bulking agent in low calorie foods are removed based on the molecular size of the individual components.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the size exclusion chromatography process used to purify the improved polydextrose compounds of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a chart showing the amount of polydextrose recovered after nine (9) runs expressed as a percentage by weight of the feed solution and the relative amounts of contaminents removed expressed a a percentage of the total amount existing in the original, unpurified feed solution.
- Fig. 4 is a graph depicting relative sensory evaluation scores comparing the purified polydextrose compositions of the present invention with unpurified polydextrose.
- Size exclusion chromatography is a separatory process which separates chemical components based on the size of their molecules.
- solutions of materials are passed through a cylindrical column which is filled with a packing, for which the constituents have an affinity which may be chemical, physical, or geometric.
- the various chemical species present in the solution are entrapped into and subsequently released from the chromatographic packing. This entrapment takes place by molecules of solute entering the pores of the packing. Molecules larger than the pore diameter cannot enter these pores and emerge quickly from the column, whereas smaller molecules enter the pores of the packing, and take longer to make their w y through the column.
- the manufacturing contaminants or impurities responsible for the off tastes consist generally of glucose, sorbitol, citric acid, 1,6-anhydroglucose, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and other low molecular weight compounds and oligomers of unspecified origin. These are removed by feeding a polydextrose solution into a chromatographic column packed with a material such as a strong cation exchange resin. Suitable strong cation exchange resins are the hydrogen or metal ion forms of SM51 of Alcoa Separation Technologies, (Adsep) Rockford, 111.
- Suitable resins are Amberlite XE364R, 200 and IR-122 from Rohm & Haas, Phila., Penna, and XUS-40197 from the Dow Chemical Co., Midland, Mich.
- the solution is passed through the material for a sufficient time to remove these impurities yet not adversely affect the taste of the final polydextrose product.
- the larger polydextrose molecules are too large to enter the pores of the resin while the smaller molecular weight compounds that make up the impurities can enter and thereby take a longer period of time to pass through.
- the size exclusion chromatography process consists of a feed tank 1 in which the crude, commercial grade polydextrose solution is entered into the system.
- concentration of this initial polydextrose feed can range from about 5% to about 70%, preferably from about 15% to about 50% and most preferably from about 20% to about 40% dissolved solids in aqueous solution by weight.
- the total weights of the various feeds are not critical as are their flow rates through the system.
- a feed pump 2 drives the polydextrose solution into a number of chromatography columns 4 while a circulation pump 3 agitates the solution and continuously passes it throughout the chromatographic packing and provides a driving force for penetrating the pores and interstices of the core exchange resin packing.
- the number of chromatography columns 4 utilized may vary and may generally be determined by one skilled in the art according to the amount of crude polydextrose solution to be treated and any space limitations that may exist. For example, the more columns utilized in the system, the less the overall height necessary for each. Since the polydextrose solution is fed as a uniform flow throughout, a series of columns will effectively function as one.
- the temperature at which the polydextrose solution is maintained may range anywhere from about 10°C to about 80°C, preferably 45°C to about 60°C and most preferably about 50°C for the greatest degree or efficiency of separation.
- the crude polydextrose feed solution is fed into the system at a rate of from about 2.0 to about 10.0 ml./min., preferably 3.0 to about 5.0 ml./min. and most preferably, 3.5 ml./min.
- a circulation pump 3 agitates the solution in and about the pores of the resin material at a rate of from about 20.0 to about 80.0 ml./min., preferably 30.0 to about 50.0 ml./min.
- the separation may be run as a continuous process and therefore a particular feed solution may be run through the columns any number of times depending on the concentration of the polydextrose feed solution to be treated and the purity desired for h £ n ⁇ ._ iuQU i..
- a second feed tank 7, introduces a flow of water into the system after sufficient time has passed for the separation of materials in the columns.
- This flow is essentially a desorbtion step driven by pump 6 that forces the water through the columns 4 thereby removing all the smaller molecular weight contaminants which flow through the pores of the resin material.
- the desorption flow rate may range from about 10.0 to about 50.0 ml./min., preferably from about 10.0 to about 20.0 ml./min. and most preferably about 16 ml./min.
- Switching valves 9 control intake and out take of both the desorb feed with the smaller molecular impurities and the purified polydextrose product once the waste effluent has been removed. These are critical in the process in providing a proper location for feed and product entry/withdrawal which is important since the location of peak concentrations of the different molecular contaminants changes with time. By opening and closing the valves at suitable times according to the concentration of the polydextrose feed solution, waste product contained in the desorb feed is removed from the columns and expelled to a waste material container 11. It is important to remove the contaminants at a consistent rate in order to prevent a backup in the columns whereby the small molecular weight contaminants are bunched together thereby clogging the resin pores.
- the desorb feed is therefore removed at a rate of from about 5.0 to about 30.0 ml./min., preferably 8.0 to about 15.0 ml./min. and most preferably withdrawn at a rate of about 11.0 ml./min.
- the purified polydextrose can be washed from the resins using a suitable non-organic solvent which, when the outlet valves 9 are opened and closed accordingly, will be pumped out of the columns and onward to a purified polydextrose retention tank 10.
- the withdrawal rate although not critical to the processing parameters of the invention, tends to yield the best results in a range of from about 5.0 to about 40 ml./min., preferably from about 5.0 to 10 ml./min. and most preferably at a rate of about 8.5 ml./min.
- additional runs as a continuous process can be achieved through proper valve 9 settings and will tend to yield an even greater purified product.
- the flow rates set forth above all produce a desired product and optimum values may vary depending upon the concentration of the initial crude polydextrose feed, the temperatures at which the process is run and the length of time each cycle is complete.
- the process is run as a continuous operation and the amount of time the polydextrose is passed through or spends in the system is variable since continuous operations are time invariant. Residence time, one means for defining the time concept is calculated by dividing the volume of the continuous operation by the volumetric flow rate of the system utilized. The approximate volume of the system utilized in the following examples was 250 mis.
- the following examples are provided in order to illustrate possible ways to practice the concept of the present invention. Whereas the examples provided deal with a bench type, laboratory scale process and amounts are given accordingly, scale up to pilot plant and commercial operations would utilize the materials cited in the same proportions and ratios but in larger quantities. They are for illustration only, and it is realized that many variables exist that may be changed in one way or another, and therefore any changes and minor variations in the processing parameters disclosed therein are considered to be within the spirit and scope of the present invention as later defined by the claims.
- Example 1 The purified polydextrose composition was prepared by size exclusion chromatography and analyzed by a high pressure performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) .
- HPLC high pressure performance liquid chromatography
- a 50% crude polydextrose solution (dissolved solids in aqueous solution by weight) was pumped at a feed rate of 5.0 nil./min. at a pseudo-continuous mode through a system of ten (10) strong cation exchange resin columns measuring 2 ft. x 1 in. diameter.
- the columns have two feed lines and two product take-off lines as disclosed in Fig. 1 which are positioned to correspond to the appropriate position of the wave fronts in the column. As the wave fronts travel, the feed and withdrawal parts are repositioned accordingly thus achieving an essentially continuous flow regime from a fundamental batch unit operation.
- the purification process was run at approximately 50°C with a circulation rate within the columns of 45 ml./min.
- the polydextrose solution was purified for approximately three (3) days. Concurrently, distilled (H 0 -* 1 water was usec * to flush out and desorb the small molecular weight impurities held by the resin.
- the initial components to pass through the column are expectedly purified polydextrose which is immediately retained in the purified container.
- the desorption step was carried out at 15 ml./min. continuously throughout the run.
- the purified polydextrose product was then extracted and collected from packing and analyzed.
- the polydextrose feed solution was analyzed as the various components passed through the column.
- the purified polydextrose whose molecules were too large to be retained by the strong cationic resin packing passed through the column and is seen as the first peak.
- the components attributing to the off notes and bitter tastes are detected later in the desorption was as three (3) peaks almost superimposed over one another appears in bed volumes of 0.5 to about 0.85 liters. These were separated further and as noted by the graph consist of sorbitol, dextrose and 1, 6,- anhydroglucose.
- Purified polydextrose compositions were prepared using size exclusion chromatography and an unpurified feed solution with a forty percent (40%) polydextrose concentration. Referring again to Fig. 1, a four (4) liter reservoir 1 was filled and pumped into the system at a rate of 3.5 mis./min. Immediately thereafter, a desorb water feed 7 was pumped into the system at 16 mis./min. Once the column was filled, the circulation 92/12179 _ ⁇ _
- Figure 2 clearly shows the separation of the purified product from the 1,6-anhydroglucose, dextrose and sorbitol containments.
- Example 20 The purified polydextrose composition isolated in Example 1 was subjected to an expert taste testing panel and compared with unpurified polydextrose samples commercially available on the market.
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Abstract
L'invention se rapporte à une composition de polydextrose améliorée ayant des caractéristiques aromatiques rehaussées, qui peut servir d'agent gonflant sans sucre dans une grande variété de produits alimentaires. A cet effet, on purifie une solution de polydextrose brut en utilisant la chromatographie à exclusion granulométrique, laquelle permet d'éliminer essentiellement toutes les impuretés de fabrication indésirables et les autres molécules de sucre qui restent associées au polydextrose non traité disponible dans le commerce. Ce sont ces impuretés qui confèrent aux aliments une certaine amertume au goût et qui y font apparaître de la moisissure, de sorte qu'elles ont rendu le polydextrose jusqu'ici inutilisable dans l'industrie alimentaire comme agent gonflant. Une fois purifié selon la présente invention, le nouveau composé de polydextrose peut dès lors être utilisé au-delà de ses limites habituelles, dans des produits à moindre teneur en calories et meilleur goût.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US64032291A | 1991-01-04 | 1991-01-04 | |
US640,322 | 1991-01-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1992012179A1 true WO1992012179A1 (fr) | 1992-07-23 |
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ID=24567771
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1991/009011 WO1992012179A1 (fr) | 1991-01-04 | 1991-12-03 | Purification du polydextrose par chromatographie a exclusion granulometrique |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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MX (1) | MX9102858A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1992012179A1 (fr) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0593368A1 (fr) | 1992-10-16 | 1994-04-20 | Roquette FrÀ¨res | Polymère soluble hypocalorique du glucose et procédé de préparation de ce polymère |
US5470591A (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1995-11-28 | Roquette Freres | Sweetening syrup based on maltitol and confectionery using this syrup |
US5525360A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1996-06-11 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Chewing gum products using polydextrose |
US5573794A (en) * | 1993-11-22 | 1996-11-12 | Roquette Freres | Process for treating a soluble glucose polymer and product thus obtained |
EP1377594A2 (fr) * | 2001-04-10 | 2004-01-07 | Danisco USA, Inc. | Polymerisation de mono et de disaccharides avec des acides monocarboxyliques et des lactones |
EP1417296A1 (fr) * | 2001-07-26 | 2004-05-12 | Danisco USA, Inc. | Procede relatif a l'amelioration du corps et du gout de boissons maltees |
WO2004075664A1 (fr) | 2003-02-26 | 2004-09-10 | Danisco A/S | Nouvelle utilisation de polydextrose dans des produits comestibles, produits comestibles contenant du polydextrose, et procede d'incorporation de polydextrose dans des produits comestibles |
US7151121B2 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2006-12-19 | Danisco A/S | Polyurethane containing a polyol composition comprising a highly branched polysaccharide, mix and process for preparation thereof |
US7465757B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2008-12-16 | Danisco A/S | Foamed isocyanate-based polymer, a mix and process for production thereof |
WO2010079202A2 (fr) | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-15 | Danisco A/S | Polymère à base d'isocyanate expansé, mélange et procédé pour le produire |
CN102429148A (zh) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-05-02 | 山东龙力生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种高纯度分子量可控聚葡萄糖的制备方法 |
WO2019162621A1 (fr) | 2018-02-22 | 2019-08-29 | Roquette Freres | Procédé de fabrication de dextrine de pois résistante |
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US3756919A (en) * | 1970-09-16 | 1973-09-04 | Cpc International Inc | Process for the production of nonhazing starch conversion syrups |
JPS59148794A (ja) * | 1983-02-10 | 1984-08-25 | Hayashibara Biochem Lab Inc | 高純度グルコオリゴ糖の製造方法 |
EP0380248A2 (fr) * | 1989-01-26 | 1990-08-01 | Pfizer Inc. | Polydextrose modifié et sa préparation |
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EP0473333A2 (fr) * | 1990-08-29 | 1992-03-04 | Pfizer Inc. | Polydextrose modifié et sa préparation |
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- 1991-12-03 WO PCT/US1991/009011 patent/WO1992012179A1/fr active Application Filing
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US3756919A (en) * | 1970-09-16 | 1973-09-04 | Cpc International Inc | Process for the production of nonhazing starch conversion syrups |
JPS59148794A (ja) * | 1983-02-10 | 1984-08-25 | Hayashibara Biochem Lab Inc | 高純度グルコオリゴ糖の製造方法 |
EP0380248A2 (fr) * | 1989-01-26 | 1990-08-01 | Pfizer Inc. | Polydextrose modifié et sa préparation |
EP0458748A2 (fr) * | 1990-05-22 | 1991-11-27 | Warner-Lambert Company | Compositions de polydextrose |
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 279 (C-257)(1716) 20 December 1984 & JP,A,59 148 794 ( HAYASHIBARA SEIBUTSU KAGAKU KENKYUSHO K.K. ) 25 August 1984 * |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0593368A1 (fr) | 1992-10-16 | 1994-04-20 | Roquette FrÀ¨res | Polymère soluble hypocalorique du glucose et procédé de préparation de ce polymère |
FR2697023A1 (fr) * | 1992-10-16 | 1994-04-22 | Roquette Freres | Polymère soluble hypocalorique du glucose et procédé de préparation de ce polymère . |
US5424418A (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 1995-06-13 | Roquette Freres | Low-calorie soluble glucose polymer and process for preparing this polymer |
US5525360A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1996-06-11 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Chewing gum products using polydextrose |
US5470591A (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1995-11-28 | Roquette Freres | Sweetening syrup based on maltitol and confectionery using this syrup |
US5573794A (en) * | 1993-11-22 | 1996-11-12 | Roquette Freres | Process for treating a soluble glucose polymer and product thus obtained |
EP1377594A4 (fr) * | 2001-04-10 | 2004-06-30 | Danisco Usa Inc | Polymerisation de mono et de disaccharides avec des acides monocarboxyliques et des lactones |
EP1377594A2 (fr) * | 2001-04-10 | 2004-01-07 | Danisco USA, Inc. | Polymerisation de mono et de disaccharides avec des acides monocarboxyliques et des lactones |
AU2002309541B2 (en) * | 2001-04-10 | 2008-10-23 | Danisco Usa, Inc. | Polymerization of mono and disaccharides with monocarboxylic acids and lactones |
AU2002309541B8 (en) * | 2001-04-10 | 2008-11-20 | Danisco Usa, Inc. | Polymerization of mono and disaccharides with monocarboxylic acids and lactones |
EP1417296A1 (fr) * | 2001-07-26 | 2004-05-12 | Danisco USA, Inc. | Procede relatif a l'amelioration du corps et du gout de boissons maltees |
EP1417296A4 (fr) * | 2001-07-26 | 2006-04-19 | Usa Inc Danisco | Procede relatif a l'amelioration du corps et du gout de boissons maltees |
WO2004075664A1 (fr) | 2003-02-26 | 2004-09-10 | Danisco A/S | Nouvelle utilisation de polydextrose dans des produits comestibles, produits comestibles contenant du polydextrose, et procede d'incorporation de polydextrose dans des produits comestibles |
US7151121B2 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2006-12-19 | Danisco A/S | Polyurethane containing a polyol composition comprising a highly branched polysaccharide, mix and process for preparation thereof |
US7465757B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2008-12-16 | Danisco A/S | Foamed isocyanate-based polymer, a mix and process for production thereof |
WO2010079202A2 (fr) | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-15 | Danisco A/S | Polymère à base d'isocyanate expansé, mélange et procédé pour le produire |
US8735460B2 (en) | 2009-01-09 | 2014-05-27 | DuPont Nutrition BioScience ApS | Foamed isocyanate-based polymer, a mix and process for production thereof |
CN102429148A (zh) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-05-02 | 山东龙力生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种高纯度分子量可控聚葡萄糖的制备方法 |
WO2019162621A1 (fr) | 2018-02-22 | 2019-08-29 | Roquette Freres | Procédé de fabrication de dextrine de pois résistante |
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