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WO1991019143A1 - Procede pour minimiser le deversement et l'exposition a l'air libre de solvants et d'autres substances volatiles - Google Patents

Procede pour minimiser le deversement et l'exposition a l'air libre de solvants et d'autres substances volatiles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991019143A1
WO1991019143A1 PCT/SE1991/000357 SE9100357W WO9119143A1 WO 1991019143 A1 WO1991019143 A1 WO 1991019143A1 SE 9100357 W SE9100357 W SE 9100357W WO 9119143 A1 WO9119143 A1 WO 9119143A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
evacuation
process according
cooling
solvents
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1991/000357
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bjarne Johansen
Original Assignee
International Fiber Products Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Fiber Products Ab filed Critical International Fiber Products Ab
Publication of WO1991019143A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991019143A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0033—Other features
    • B01D5/0054—General arrangements, e.g. flow sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation

Definitions

  • Me hod o.f minimizing discharge of and exposure f. ⁇ solvents and other volatile substances.
  • the present invention relates to a method of minimizing dischar- ge of and exposure to solvents and other volatile substances, and more specifically a method of preventing large volumes of air to be contaminated by e.g. processes based on solvents and to make possible the recovery of contaminants from evacuated process air.
  • the background to the above problem thus resides in the presump ⁇ tion that the inner environment at a working site only can be protected by contamination of large air volumes thus resulting in having such a low concentration of contaminants that it is impossible to remove these before discharging the air into the atmosphere.
  • the object of the invention is thus, motivated by toxic, econo ⁇ mical or other reasons, to provide a method of preventing the escape of volatile substances present in chemical processes into the working space or outside air and to make possible the recovery of said volatile substances from process evacuation air.
  • the process according to the invention only prescribes evacuation of comparatively small amounts of air and thereby the great energy consumption for cooling/heating and for the transport of the large air volumes required according to known technology will be eliminated.
  • the process according to the invention still consumes much less energy.
  • the concentration of contaminants will be con ⁇ siderably higher with the process according to the invention, which also makes possible purification of the evacuation air.
  • the process according to the invention is useful for many diffe- rent types of processes where solvents or other volatile and/or poisonous substances exist, for examnple in the plastic manufac ⁇ turing and machining industry and lacquering industry.
  • the compression and cooling are performed in two or several steps, whereby the degree of purification might be increased to the desired level.
  • the expanded cooled evacuation air is used in the process for the cooling in the ne- gative-pressure chamber.
  • liquid-ring and liquid-jet pumps are used for evacuation, wherein as the pump liquid used is a volatile substance, the presence of which is to be avoided in the air.
  • the process according to the invention is especially well, but not exclusively, suited for use in plastic extrusion, whereby extrusion of polyester-styrene-resin onto glass fibre should be noted especially.
  • Styrene is very volatile and toxic, and its high-temperature sensitivity also give rise to problems. Above about 50°C the styrene will polymerize to polystyrene, which means that air containing styrene cannot be compressed in the conventional way.
  • the figure shows a flow chart for performing the process accor- ding to the invention in connection with work with volatile sol ⁇ vents.
  • a robot 3 In a chamber 2 a robot 3 is working.
  • the robot is supplied with raw material in the form of material containing solvents from a tank 4 through the line 4 ' .
  • a purification plant which will be described mote in detail be ⁇ low, evacuates the robot chamber 2.
  • the evacuated air is com- pressed and cooled whereby the solvent in the evacuation air is condensed.
  • the solvent is recirculated to the tank 4 while at the same time the purification plant when necessary heats and cools, respectively, with the aid of a heat exchanger.
  • Mechani ⁇ cal energy is stored in the embodiment shown and this is return- ed to the process when the compressed air after purification is expanded to atmospheric pressure.
  • the chamber 2 is evacuated through a line 2 ' to a compressing means 5, which compresses the air during cooling, whereby the solvent condenses and is returned through the line 6 to the tank 4.
  • the cooling results in that heat is supplied to the space 1, which takes place through a heat-exchanger 7.
  • the compressed air which by cooling has been freed from the required part of the solvent, now proceeds in it's cooled condition to an expan- sion chamber in which the air during expansion emits mechanical energy to a pneumatic engine 8, contributing to the operation of the compression means, indicated on the drawing by the arrow 9.
  • the air expands in the pneumatic engine 8 the temperature is further lowered, whereby more solvent will condense and be recirculated through the line 12 to the tank 4.
  • the cold air after the pneumatic engine 8 is then used, with the aid of the heat exchanger 10, to cool parts of the fabrication process. If, after the heat exchanger 7 but before the pneumatic engine 8, it further cools the purification process, lower temperatures will be obtained but at the expence of the heat exchange in the heat exchanger 7. The air, the temperature of which now has increase during the passage through the heat exchanger 10, leaves the working space through the duct 11.
  • a plant working according to the invention has been generally described in connection with the figure.
  • a liquid-ring or liquid-jet pump is prefereably used in the compression plant, wherein styrene is the circulating liquid, continuously cooled by the above described air cycle or by cooling in a conventional way with a circulating cooling agent, such as freons .
  • a circulating cooling agent such as freons
  • the compression degree for the evacuation air may also be in ⁇ creased with the aid of e.g. a screw compressor, when the cooling is performed on a higher level.
  • the cooling machinery can then be eliminated, since the screw compressor acts as a heat pump. Because of the high temperatures existing in a screw compressor, this is not suitable for e.g. styrene.
  • the pneumatic engine 8 does not constitute an essential part of the process and depending on the specific conditions in the individual case it may be used or may be left out.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé servant à minimiser le déversement et l'exposition à l'air libre de solvants et d'autres substances, consistant à réaliser le procédé dans des conditions de pression négative dans une chambre close, à comprimer et à refroidir l'air d'évacuation du procédé et à réparer le condensat ainsi formé, et à procéder ensuite à l'expansion de l'air d'évacuation et à la séparation d'un éventuel nouveau condensat.
PCT/SE1991/000357 1990-06-01 1991-05-21 Procede pour minimiser le deversement et l'exposition a l'air libre de solvants et d'autres substances volatiles WO1991019143A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9001971-2 1990-06-01
SE9001971A SE466322B (sv) 1990-06-01 1990-06-01 Saett att minimera utslaepp av och exponering foer loesningsmedel och andra aemnen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991019143A1 true WO1991019143A1 (fr) 1991-12-12

Family

ID=20379654

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1991/000357 WO1991019143A1 (fr) 1990-06-01 1991-05-21 Procede pour minimiser le deversement et l'exposition a l'air libre de solvants et d'autres substances volatiles

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7968091A (fr)
SE (1) SE466322B (fr)
WO (1) WO1991019143A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1304568A (fr) * 1970-08-13 1973-01-24
US4164484A (en) * 1978-01-13 1979-08-14 Director-General, Masao Kubota of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology Process for recovering polyolefin and polystyrene materials by dissolving, vacuum-evaporating and precipitating
US4539816A (en) * 1981-04-03 1985-09-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Heat and liquid recovery using open cycle heat pump system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1304568A (fr) * 1970-08-13 1973-01-24
US4164484A (en) * 1978-01-13 1979-08-14 Director-General, Masao Kubota of the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology Process for recovering polyolefin and polystyrene materials by dissolving, vacuum-evaporating and precipitating
US4539816A (en) * 1981-04-03 1985-09-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Heat and liquid recovery using open cycle heat pump system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE466322B (sv) 1992-01-27
AU7968091A (en) 1991-12-31
SE9001971L (sv) 1991-12-02
SE9001971D0 (sv) 1990-06-01

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