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WO1991006873A1 - Systeme de detection et d'avertissement anti-collision - Google Patents

Systeme de detection et d'avertissement anti-collision Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991006873A1
WO1991006873A1 PCT/AU1990/000528 AU9000528W WO9106873A1 WO 1991006873 A1 WO1991006873 A1 WO 1991006873A1 AU 9000528 W AU9000528 W AU 9000528W WO 9106873 A1 WO9106873 A1 WO 9106873A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
detector
light
transmitter
signal
detectors
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1990/000528
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Paul Malcolm Kidd
Original Assignee
Paul Malcolm Kidd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Paul Malcolm Kidd filed Critical Paul Malcolm Kidd
Publication of WO1991006873A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991006873A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S3/781—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/70—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S1/703—Details
    • G01S1/7032—Transmitters
    • G01S1/7034—Mounting or deployment thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters
    • G01S2201/01—Indexing scheme relating to beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters adapted for specific applications or environments

Definitions

  • This invention relates to systems which will augment safe working practices particularly at (but not limited to) large scale industrial installations and mining sites by providing a method of detection and warning as an aid to preventing accidents involving heavy mobile plant, vehicles, equipment, machinery and the like and other vehicles and personnel.
  • Anticollision or collision avoidance systems of various kinds have been devised over time employing differing methods and technologies with varying degrees of efficacy. These include active systems such as two-way radio and VLF and VHF radio wave techniques and passive systems such as rear vision mirrors, Doppler Radar Systems, infra-red detectors,
  • a system for detecting the presence of a first object relative to a second object comprising transmitter means associated with the first object for transmitting a signal from the first object towards the second object and a plurality of detectors associated with the second object to sense the presence of the signal from the first object and to indicate the direction of approach and proximity of the first object relative to the second object.
  • detectors affixed to heavy mobile plant,vehicles, equipment, machinery and the like sense the presence of incident light emitted by an electro-optical transmitter affixed to another object such as a service vehicle which encroaches the area under
  • the transmitter emits light pulses at designed rates and intensities to provide the emanating light with a characteristic signature to allow for noise discrimination and distance determination.
  • Each detector is constrained to receive only that light which emanates from an area of which the shape and size is determined by the physical parameters of the detector.
  • Each detector contains a light filter to eliminate unwanted frequencies and a transparent shield to protect the device from water and foreign material ingress.
  • An electro-optical device inside each detector converts filtered light received into an electrical signal which varies in accordance with the intensity of the light
  • This signal is amplified and transmitted via cable to a receiver which discriminates between signals sourced from light emitted by and received from the transmitter and all other sources (e.g. Headlights, sunlight).
  • sources e.g. Headlights, sunlight.
  • Each detector is assigned to observe part of the surface area surrounding and proximate to the object to which it is affixed. The sum of these parts covers the whole of the proximate surrounding area and may overlap.
  • Each surface area under observation by a detector comprises zones. These zones allow for an alert signal when the outer zone is encroached by a transmitting object and warning signals when the inner zone is encroached.
  • the zones are discriminated by the receiver and are annunciated by audio visual display which indicates the area and zone occupied by the intruding transmitter.
  • Fig. 1 is a front-end view of a heavy hauler to
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1 showing the areas
  • Fig. 3 is a side elevation view of the heavy
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the circuitry of the transmitter and detector apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a plan, side elevational and end elevational view of the detector of Fig. 4,
  • Fig. 6 is a side elevational view of the transmitter of Fig. 4,
  • Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the relationships between the detector, the area under surveillance and the transmitter,
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the circuitry within a detector.
  • Fig. 9 is a combined block and schematic diagram of one channel of the receiver which processes the signal received from a single detector, and,
  • Fig. 10 is a combined block and schematic diagram of the transmitter.
  • the system of the preferred embodiment includes detection apparatus 2 affixed to a heavy hauler vehicle 5 and a transmitter 1 affixed to a service vehicle 4 located within the inner zone.
  • the light emitted by the transmitter 1 enters the detector 2 on that side of the hauler 5.
  • the electrical signal produced by the detector 2 is sent to the receiver 3 via cable.
  • the receiver 3 processes the signal and indicates which detector 2 has received the signal and the zone in which the transmitter 1 is detected.
  • Detectors 2 may be placed on the hauler such that there would be one at the front, one on each side and one at the rear as illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the location of the detectors 2 corresponds with the receiver 3 display such that the direction of an intruding transmitter 1 is indicated with respect to the position of the hauler 5 (see Fig. 2).
  • the receiver 3 annunciates by sound and visual display the direction and proximity of any intruding vehicle fitted with a transmitter 1.
  • Construction parameters of the detector 2 and the position of the photo-sensitive device 8 within the detector enclosure determine the geometry of the area under
  • the detector 2 has an opaque shield 18 incorporating a window 17 which exposes to light a photosensitive device 8.
  • an area approximately rectangular in shape becomes the area under surveillance, as projected in Fig. 7.
  • the preferred transmitter 1 shown in Fig. 6 is in the form of a beacon with a waterproof shield 20 transparent to light at selected wavelengths, a base 21 and a light emitter 22 with electronics as per Fig. 10 mounted internally.
  • the transmitter 1 shown in Fig. 10 includes a low voltage supply 30 feeding an inverter 31 which produces a voltage which is rectified and charges a capacitor 33 to a value determined by a control circuit 32.
  • the control circuit 32 determines the charge on the capacitor 33 and the times at which the light emitter 34 will be triggered. In this way pulses of light of predetermined intensity and timing are emitted.
  • the preferred transmitter 1 there are two discrete pulses of differing intensity which delineate the zones under surveillance.
  • the two pulses are repeated at a regular interval.
  • Light received by a detector 2 passes through the window 17 in the opaque shield 18 and impinges upon a photosensitive device 8 which incorporates a light filter and which is sensitive to light energy within a preselected band of wave lengths, in this case around 840 nanometers and converts the impinging light energy into an electric signal.
  • a photosensitive device 8 which incorporates a light filter and which is sensitive to light energy within a preselected band of wave lengths, in this case around 840 nanometers and converts the impinging light energy into an electric signal.
  • An amplifier 23 in the detector 2 amplifies the signal and transmits the amplified signal via cable to the receiver
  • the receiver 3 amplifies the signal further by amplifier
  • the signal from amplifier 24 is converted to a pulse by a comparator 25 where the signal is compared to a threshold reference level.
  • the threshold level may be adjusted to exclude random electrical noise induced anywhere in the circuit up to this stage.
  • the first pulse from the comparator 25 is used to trigger a non-retriggerable mono-stable multi vibrator 26 which has its delay set to time out, in the preferred
  • the output from the comparator 25 is also used by the display logic 29 to indicate the existence of a transmitter 1 in the outer zone.
  • the mono-stable multivibrator 26 output triggers mono-stable multi-vibrator 27 which times out at 60 Ms.
  • the 60 Ms pulse produced here is used as a window through which a second pulse may be detected by comparing the output of the comparator 25 and the mono- stable 27 using the AND gate 28. If a second pulse is received in this window between 320 Ms and 380 Ms then the AND gate 28 outputs a pulse to the display logic 29 which indicates the presence of a transmitter 1 in the inner zone.
  • a transmitter 1 in the outer zone is annunciated by the display logic 29 as a green flashing panel light.
  • Inner Zone annunciation is indicated by the same panel light alternatively flashing green and red accompanied by an audible alarm.
  • the inner and outer zones are differentiated at the comparator 25 by identifying the difference in intensity levels of the two pulses transmitted.
  • the higher intensity pulse is transmitted and the voltage level produced at the input to the comparator 25 exceeds the threshold level then and only then is an indication given that a transmitter 1 is within the outer zone.
  • the entry to or presence of a transmitter 1 within the inner zone is indicated when the voltage levels produced at the input to the comparator 25 by both pulses exceed the threshold level.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Un système de détection et d'avertissement anti-collision comprend plusieurs capteurs (2) montés sur un véhicule (5) qui reçoivent les impulsions lumineuses émises par un émetteur (1) placé sur un autre véhicule (4) dont l'emplacement doit être communiqué au conducteur du véhicule (5) au moyen d'un récepteur (3) monté par exemple dans la cabine du conducteur. Les capteurs (2) comportent un bouclier (18) présentant une fenêtre (17) dont la forme est conçue de sorte que le capteur ne reçoive que la lumière émise depuis l'intérieur d'une zone prédéfinie. Dans une forme particulière, la zone est divisée en une zone interne et en une zone externe, la zone interne étant plus proche du véhicule (5). Cet agencement permet au conducteur du véhicule (5) de détecter la présence de l'autre véhicule (4) en prévision d'une collision éventuelle.
PCT/AU1990/000528 1989-11-03 1990-11-01 Systeme de detection et d'avertissement anti-collision WO1991006873A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPJ7221 1989-11-03
AUPJ722189 1989-11-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991006873A1 true WO1991006873A1 (fr) 1991-05-16

Family

ID=3774330

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1990/000528 WO1991006873A1 (fr) 1989-11-03 1990-11-01 Systeme de detection et d'avertissement anti-collision

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1991006873A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2680751A1 (fr) * 1991-09-03 1993-03-05 Thomson Csf Procede d'evitement des collisions pour des porteurs cooperatifs et ensemble optique embarque destine a sa mise en óoeuvre.
WO2001026968A1 (fr) * 1999-10-09 2001-04-19 Bae Systems Plc Systeme d'alarme
WO2002058034A1 (fr) * 2001-01-17 2002-07-25 Bhp Billiton Innovation Pty Ltd Systeme anti-collision

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4026654A (en) * 1972-10-09 1977-05-31 Engins Matra System for detecting the presence of a possibly moving object
FR2410254A1 (fr) * 1977-11-24 1979-06-22 Molto Gilbert Gonio-telemetre optique
US4287412A (en) * 1978-11-24 1981-09-01 Thomson-Csf Photoelectric direction finder
US4315690A (en) * 1979-02-27 1982-02-16 Thomson-Csf Arrangement for locating radiating sources
GB2187355A (en) * 1986-02-24 1987-09-03 Marconi Co Ltd Laser warning system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4026654A (en) * 1972-10-09 1977-05-31 Engins Matra System for detecting the presence of a possibly moving object
FR2410254A1 (fr) * 1977-11-24 1979-06-22 Molto Gilbert Gonio-telemetre optique
US4287412A (en) * 1978-11-24 1981-09-01 Thomson-Csf Photoelectric direction finder
US4315690A (en) * 1979-02-27 1982-02-16 Thomson-Csf Arrangement for locating radiating sources
GB2187355A (en) * 1986-02-24 1987-09-03 Marconi Co Ltd Laser warning system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2680751A1 (fr) * 1991-09-03 1993-03-05 Thomson Csf Procede d'evitement des collisions pour des porteurs cooperatifs et ensemble optique embarque destine a sa mise en óoeuvre.
EP0531198A1 (fr) * 1991-09-03 1993-03-10 Thomson-Csf Procédé d'évitement des collisions pour des porteurs coopératifs et ensemble optique embarqué destiné à sa mise en oeuvre
US5291196A (en) * 1991-09-03 1994-03-01 Thomson-Csf Collision-avoidance method for cooperating carriers and onboard optical assembly designed for its implementation
WO2001026968A1 (fr) * 1999-10-09 2001-04-19 Bae Systems Plc Systeme d'alarme
WO2002058034A1 (fr) * 2001-01-17 2002-07-25 Bhp Billiton Innovation Pty Ltd Systeme anti-collision

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