WO1990008199A2 - Process and device for treating contaminated mineral salts and salt mixtures - Google Patents
Process and device for treating contaminated mineral salts and salt mixtures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1990008199A2 WO1990008199A2 PCT/EP1990/000007 EP9000007W WO9008199A2 WO 1990008199 A2 WO1990008199 A2 WO 1990008199A2 EP 9000007 W EP9000007 W EP 9000007W WO 9008199 A2 WO9008199 A2 WO 9008199A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- retort
- salt
- agitator
- contaminated
- agitator shaft
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/38—Stirring or kneading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for the preparation of granular mineral salts and salt mixtures contaminated with animal waste such as meat residues, skin residues, hair, faeces, blood, urine, in particular of skin or preservation salts.
- the invention is based on the object of developing a method and a device of the type specified at the outset with which the mineral salts or salt mixtures contaminated with animal waste materials can be reprocessed and recycled.
- the solution according to the invention is based on the idea that the initially contaminated preservation salts can be reused if they can be brought into a dry, free-flowing and odorless state and no longer contain any rotten components.
- the contaminated salt for the purpose of evaporation and / or carbonization. heating of liquid and / or solid components.
- the salt grains of the contaminated salt are moved relative to one another during the heating process.
- the contaminated salt is stirred or shaken during the heating process. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the contaminated salt is preheated in batches prior to heating and is stirred or shaken during the preheating.
- the liquid constituents contained in the contaminated salt are evaporated and the organic solid constituents become carbonized.
- the rot-causing microorganisms present are killed off, so that a reusable dry, odorless and germ-free salt is obtained.
- the contaminated salt is continuously or in steps with simultaneous stirring or shaking temporarily heated to over 330 ° C, preferably to over 350 ° C.
- Various batches can be preheated in succession to 140-180 ° C. for a while, with simultaneous stirring or shaking, and then heated to over 330 ° C.
- the salt can be recovered from the brine that is obtained during the skin preservation without any environmental impact.
- An advantageous device for carrying out the method according to the invention has at least one heatable retort, which can be supplied with the contaminated mineral salts via a closable inlet opening and can be emptied via a closable outlet opening and whose interior is connected via a gas exhaust line to the Atmosphere. Furthermore, an agitator or a vibrator which is immersed in the filled mineral salt is arranged in the interior of the retort according to the invention.
- the retort is designed as an elongated cylindrical retort tube which can be heated from the outside through its outer surface, while the agitator has a stirring blade which coaxially penetrates the retort tube and is equipped with stirring blades. piece stirrer shaft.
- the agitator shaft can be designed as a hollow shaft provided with perforations for gas removal.
- the agitator shaft extends through a closing cone designed as an inlet closure, which can be connected to the agitator shaft in a different manner and can be axially displaced relative to the retort by the agitator shaft relative to the retort.
- the agitator shaft can be rotatably mounted in a sliding bearing of the closing cone.
- the outlet opening of the retort can be closed by an axially displaceable outlet closing cone.
- the agitator shaft can be rotatably mounted on the outlet closing cone itself or on a centering pin which projects loosely or rigidly axially beyond the closing cone, while the outlet closing cone can optionally be axially displaceable with the centering pin relative to the agitator shaft.
- an axial guide for the outlet closing cone which is rigidly connected to the retort and is preferably formed by a plurality of axially parallel guide rods arranged at an angular distance from one another, may be necessary.
- the outlet closing cone is adjusted by means of a hydraulic cylinder by setting a predetermined axial closing pressure closed.
- the agitator shaft is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a sleeve which can be axially displaceable between two end positions and projects the agitator blades.
- the axial displacement of the agitator shaft necessary to open the inlet-closing cone can thus be carried out without offset of the agitator blades within the retort.
- a storage container which opens into the inlet opening and can be charged with the contaminated salt in batches is arranged above the retort, in the interior of which a stirrer or a vibrator is also arranged.
- the storage container is expediently arranged coaxially above the retort, so that the agitators of the storage container and the retort can have a common stirring shaft, which is also provided with stirring blades in the region of the storage container.
- the agitator shaft is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a sleeve which is equipped with the agitator blades and can be moved axially to a limited extent.
- the agitator shaft expediently consists of two shaft parts which are detachably connected to one another in the region of the retort inlet opening by a coupling piece, in order to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the device.
- the agitator shaft advantageously extends through a rotary bearing in the lid area of the storage container and is motor-driven by a drive mechanism arranged above the storage container.
- the optimal speed range is 0.5 to 15 revolutions per minute; Speeds between 2 and 8 revolutions per minute are particularly advantageous.
- the storage container is expediently fed via a metering mechanism, for example in the form of a screw conveyor, through an inlet opening in the lid area.
- a metering mechanism for example in the form of a screw conveyor
- the diameter of the storage container is selected to be at least twice, preferably at least three times as large as the retort diameter.
- the contaminated salt batched into the storage container is advantageously preheated to about 140-180 ° C.
- the storage container can be made double-walled and the annular space formed between the two storage container walls can be connected to an annular space containing the retort heating for the purpose of heat exchange.
- the heat stored in the heated salt can also be used to prepare the contaminated brine that arises during the preservation process by evaporation of the water content and carbonization of the organic substances contained therein.
- at least one injection opening opening into the retort is provided, either in the vicinity of the inlet opening of the retort or in the form of perforations on a perforated injection pipe which preferably extends along the stirring shaft through the retort. can be arranged.
- the single figure shows a partially sectioned side view of a processing device for contaminated preserving salts.
- the preparation device optionally contains a plurality of retorts 10 arranged in a common support structure 8, one of which is shown in the drawing.
- the retort 10 consists essentially of a standing tube 12 made of stainless steel with a cylindrical interior 14, the upper inlet-side opening 16 and lower outlet-side opening 18 of which can be closed pressure-tight by a hydraulically actuated closing cone 20, 22.
- the retort 10 is loaded with contaminated preserving salt via a storage container 24, the lower funnel-shaped end 26 of which opens into the retort tube 12 via the inlet opening 16.
- the storage container 24, in turn, can be charged in batches via a metering device containing a screw conveyor 28 through an inlet opening 30 in the lid 32 of the storage container with contaminated preserving salt.
- the lid 32 of the storage container also contains a rotary feedthrough for a stirring shaft 34 designed as a hollow shaft, which is arranged in a position above the lid 32. orderly pivot bearing and motor driven by a drive mechanism consisting of a geared motor 38 and a chain drive 40.
- the agitator shaft 34 consists of two parts 34 ', 34 "which can be detached in the area of the inlet opening 16 by a coupling piece 42 and are non-rotatably connected in the coupled state and which can be separated from one another for the purpose of assembly and disassembly.
- the upper part 34 The agitator shaft is guided through the inlet closing cone 20 in the region of a slide bearing 37.
- the inlet closing cone 20 is at the same time fixed on the agitator shaft part 34 ⁇ so that the inlet opening 16 can be opened or closed by axially displacing the agitator shaft 34.
- the agitator shaft 34 is also connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a respective sleeve 44 and 46 which can be displaced axially to a limited extent.
- the sleeves 44 and 46 are in turn equipped with essentially radially projecting stirring vanes 48 which come close to the inner surface of the reservoir 24 or the retort tube 12, leaving a gap 50 hen.
- the agitator shaft 34 is mounted on a centering pin 52 which projects coaxially beyond the outlet closing cone 22.
- the centering pin 52 together with the outlet closing cone 22, is axially displaceable to a limited extent with respect to the agitator shaft 34.
- the outlet closing cone 22 is also supported in an axial guide consisting of a plurality of guide rods 54 arranged at an angular distance from one another and rigidly connected to the retort 10, so that the agitator shaft 34 also at open outlet closing cone 22 can be rotated within the retort tube 12 without the risk of the agitator blades 48 tilting.
- the outlet closing cone 22 is actuated by a hydraulic cylinder 56, which closes the outlet closing cone 22 by setting a predetermined closing pressure and thereby enables the length extension of the retort occurring during heating to be compensated.
- annulus 58 of the retort there is an electrically heatable heating coil 60 which extends over the entire height of the retort.
- the annular space 58 is surrounded on the outside with an insulating jacket 62 which is filled, for example, with rock wool as the insulating material 63.
- the annular space 58 communicates with an annular space 64 of the double-walled storage container 24, so that heat exchange and thus preheating of the salt in the storage container 24 is possible upwards.
- the contaminated mineral salt arranged in the retort is gradually heated via the heating coil to temperatures above 330 ° C. and kept at this temperature for a while.
- the agitator 34, 44, 46, 48 is driven at a speed of approximately 8 revolutions per minute during the heating process. In this way it is once achieved that the contaminated salt cannot bake during heating either in the retort or in the storage container.
- the resulting circulation causes the heat transfer from the retort or reservoir wall into the interior of the Salt filling is improved and the release of the vapors and gases generated during the heating process is facilitated.
- the vapors and gases escape to the outside via the hollow stirring shaft 34 perforated for this purpose and, if necessary, are filtered in a filter device (not shown) before they are released into the atmosphere.
- an injection pipe 65 is provided which opens into the retort in the area of the cover plate 66 and can be sprayed onto the heated salt through the contaminated brine.
- the heat stored in the salt can also be used to process the salt contained in the brine,
- the power supply to the heating coil 60 is switched off and the processed, but still hot mineral salt is drained by opening the outlet closing cone 22 into a cooling container, from which it is drawn off after cooling.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von verunreinigten Mineralsalzen und Salzgemischeπ Process and device for the treatment of contaminated mineral salts and salt mixtures
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrich¬ tung zur Aufbereitung von mit tierischen Abfallstoffen, wie Fleischresten, Hautresten, Haaren, Kot, Blut, Urin, verunreinigten körnigen Mineralsalzen und Salzgemi¬ schen, inbesondere von Häute- oder Konservierungssal¬ zen.The invention relates to a method and a device for the preparation of granular mineral salts and salt mixtures contaminated with animal waste such as meat residues, skin residues, hair, faeces, blood, urine, in particular of skin or preservation salts.
Bei der Verarbeitung von Häuten und Fellen hat sich die Konservierung durch Mineralsalz technisch bewährt und durchgesetzt. Dieses Salz ist nach dem Ablösen von der Haut feucht und mit tierischen Fetten, Fleischresten, Haaren und sonstigen organischen Abfallstoffen verun¬ reinigt. Einer Wiederverwendung konnte es bisher nicht zugeführt werden und mußte daher entsorgt werden.When processing hides and skins, preservation with mineral salt has proven itself technically and has become established. After being removed from the skin, this salt is moist and contaminated with animal fats, meat residues, hair and other organic waste materials. Until now, it could not be reused and therefore had to be disposed of.
Ausgehend hiervon liegt .der Erfindung die Aufgabe zu¬ grunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung der eingangs angegebenen Art zu entwickeln, womit die mit den tieri¬ schen Abfallstoffen verunreinigten Mineralsalze oder Salzgemische wieder aufbereitet und einer Wiederverwen¬ dung zugeführt werden können.Proceeding from this, the invention is based on the object of developing a method and a device of the type specified at the outset with which the mineral salts or salt mixtures contaminated with animal waste materials can be reprocessed and recycled.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden die in den Patentan¬ sprüchen 1 bzw. 5 angegebenen Merkmalskombinationen vor¬ geschlagen. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den ab¬ hängigen Ansprüchen. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung geht einmal von dem Gedan¬ ken aus, daß sich die zunächst verunreinigten Konser¬ vierungssalze wiederverwendeπ lassen, wenn sie in einen trockenen, rieselfähigen und geruchsfreien Zustand ge¬ bracht werden können und keine fäulniserregenden Be¬ standteile mehr enthalten. Um dies zu erreichen, wird gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, das verunreinigte Salz zum Zwecke der Verdampfung und/oder Verschwelung . von Flüssig- und/oder Festbestandteilen aufzuheizen. Um hierbei ein Zusammenbacken des Salzes zu vermeiden,wird zusätzlich vorgeschlagen, daß die Salzkörner des verun¬ reinigten Salzes während des Aufheizvorganges relativ zueinander bewegt werden. Zu diesem Zweck wird gemäß der Erfindung das verunreinigte Salz während des Auf- heizvorgaπgs gerührt oder gerüttelt. Dabei hat es sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn das verunrei¬ nigte Salz vor der Aufheizung chargenweise vorgeheizt und bereits während der Vorheizung gerührt oder gerüt¬ telt wird.To achieve this object, the combinations of features specified in patent claims 1 and 5 are proposed. Further advantageous refinements and developments of the invention result from the dependent claims. The solution according to the invention is based on the idea that the initially contaminated preservation salts can be reused if they can be brought into a dry, free-flowing and odorless state and no longer contain any rotten components. To achieve this, it is proposed according to the invention, the contaminated salt for the purpose of evaporation and / or carbonization. heating of liquid and / or solid components. In order to avoid caking of the salt, it is additionally proposed that the salt grains of the contaminated salt are moved relative to one another during the heating process. For this purpose, according to the invention, the contaminated salt is stirred or shaken during the heating process. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the contaminated salt is preheated in batches prior to heating and is stirred or shaken during the preheating.
Durch das Aufheizen werden die im verunreinigten Salz enthaltenden Flüssigkeitsbestandteile verdampft und die organischen Festbestandteile verschwelt. Außerdem wer¬ den die vorhandenen fäulniserregenden Mikroorganismen abgetötet, so daß ein wiederverwendbares trockenes, ge¬ ruchsfreies und keimfreies Salz erhalten wird.As a result of the heating, the liquid constituents contained in the contaminated salt are evaporated and the organic solid constituents become carbonized. In addition, the rot-causing microorganisms present are killed off, so that a reusable dry, odorless and germ-free salt is obtained.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird das verunreinigte Salz kontinuierlich oder in Schritten unter gleichzeitigem Rühren oder Rütteln zeitweilig auf über 330 °C, vorzugsweise auf über 350 °C aufgeheizt. Dabei können nacheinander verschiedene Chargen zunächst unter gleichzeitigem Rühren oder Rüt¬ teln eine Zeitlang auf 140 - 180 °C vorgeheizt und an¬ schließend auf über 330 °C aufgeheizt werden.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the contaminated salt is continuously or in steps with simultaneous stirring or shaking temporarily heated to over 330 ° C, preferably to over 350 ° C. Various batches can be preheated in succession to 140-180 ° C. for a while, with simultaneous stirring or shaking, and then heated to over 330 ° C.
Zur optimalen Ausnutzung der im Salz gespeicherten Wär¬ me ist es zusätzlich möglich, während und/oder im An¬ schluß an den Aufheizvorgang, vorzugsweise nach Errei¬ chen einer Salztemperatur von mindestens 200 °C verun¬ reinigte Salzlake unter Rühren auf das Salz aufzusprit¬ zen oder in das Salz einzuspritzen. Damit kann das Salz aus der bei der Häutekonservierung anfallenden Salzlake ohne Umweltbelastung zurückgewonnen werden.For optimal use of the heat stored in the salt, it is additionally possible to spray contaminated brine onto the salt while stirring and / or after the heating process, preferably after a salt temperature of at least 200 ° C. has been reached zen or inject into the salt. This means that the salt can be recovered from the brine that is obtained during the skin preservation without any environmental impact.
Eine vorteilhafte Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des er¬ findungsgemäßen Verfahrens weist mindestens eine be¬ heizbare Retorte auf, die über eine verschließbare Ein¬ laßöffnung mit den verunreinigten Mineralsalzen be¬ schickbar und über eine verschließbare Auslaßöffnung entleerbar ist und deren Innenraum über eine Gasabzugs¬ leitung mit der Atmosphäre verbunden ist. Weiter ist im Inneren der erfindungsgemäßen Retorte ein in das einge¬ füllte Mineralsalz eintauchendes Rührwerk oder ein Rüttler angeordnet.An advantageous device for carrying out the method according to the invention has at least one heatable retort, which can be supplied with the contaminated mineral salts via a closable inlet opening and can be emptied via a closable outlet opening and whose interior is connected via a gas exhaust line to the Atmosphere. Furthermore, an agitator or a vibrator which is immersed in the filled mineral salt is arranged in the interior of the retort according to the invention.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Retorte als langgestrecktes, durch seine Mantel¬ fläche hindurch von außen her beheizbares zylindrisches Retortenrohr ausgebildet, während das Rührwerk eine das Retortenrohr koaxial durchsetzende, mit Rührflügeln be- stückte Rührwelle aufweist. Die Rührwelle kann dabei als mit Perforationen für die Gasabfuhr versehene Hohl¬ welle ausgebildet sein. Vorteilhafterweise greift die Rührwelle durch einen als Einlaßverschluß ausgebildeten Schließkonus hindurch, der mit der Rührwelle verschie¬ befest verbunden sein kann und durch die Rührwelle re¬ lativ zur Retorte axial gegen die Einlaßöffnung ver¬ schiebbar ist. Die Rührwelle kann dabei in einem Gleit¬ lager des Schließkonus drehbar gelagert sein. Eine be¬ sonders einfache Lösung besteht jedoch darin, daß der Schließkoπus drehfest mit der Rührwelle verbunden ist und an seiner ümfangsflache einen gegen die benachbarte Schließfläche der Retorte gleitend anliegenden, aus¬ wechselbaren Verschleißring trägt.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the retort is designed as an elongated cylindrical retort tube which can be heated from the outside through its outer surface, while the agitator has a stirring blade which coaxially penetrates the retort tube and is equipped with stirring blades. piece stirrer shaft. The agitator shaft can be designed as a hollow shaft provided with perforations for gas removal. Advantageously, the agitator shaft extends through a closing cone designed as an inlet closure, which can be connected to the agitator shaft in a different manner and can be axially displaced relative to the retort by the agitator shaft relative to the retort. The agitator shaft can be rotatably mounted in a sliding bearing of the closing cone. A particularly simple solution, however, consists in that the closing cone is non-rotatably connected to the agitator shaft and on its circumferential surface bears an exchangeable wear ring sliding against the adjacent closing surface of the retort.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Auslaßöffnung der Retorte durch einen axial verschiebbaren Auslaß-Schließkonus verschließbar. Die Rührwelle kann dabei am Auslaß-Schließkonus selbst oder an einem über den Schließkonus lose oder starr axial überstehenden Zentrierzapfen drehbar gelagert sein, während der Auslaß-Schließkoπus gegebenenfalls mit dem Zentrierzapfen axial gegenüber der Rührwelle verschiebbar ist. Dazu kann eine starr mit der Retorte verbundene, vorzugsweise durch mehrere im Wiπkelabstand voneinander angeordnete achsparallele Führungsstangen gebildete Axialführung für den Auslaß-Schließkoπus not¬ wendig sein. Um den bei der Aufheizung der Retorte auf¬ tretenden Längenausgleich kompensieren zu können, wird der Auslaß-Schließkonus mittels eines Hydrozylinders durch Einstellung eines vorgegebenen axialen Schließ- drucks verschlossen.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the outlet opening of the retort can be closed by an axially displaceable outlet closing cone. The agitator shaft can be rotatably mounted on the outlet closing cone itself or on a centering pin which projects loosely or rigidly axially beyond the closing cone, while the outlet closing cone can optionally be axially displaceable with the centering pin relative to the agitator shaft. For this purpose, an axial guide for the outlet closing cone, which is rigidly connected to the retort and is preferably formed by a plurality of axially parallel guide rods arranged at an angular distance from one another, may be necessary. In order to be able to compensate for the length compensation occurring when the retort is heated, the outlet closing cone is adjusted by means of a hydraulic cylinder by setting a predetermined axial closing pressure closed.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der erfindungge¬ mäßen Vorrichtung ist die Rührwelle mit einer zwischen zwei Endstellungen axial verschiebbaren, die Rührflügel ragenden Hülse drehfest verbunden. Damit kann die zum Öffnen des Einlaß-Schließkonus notwendige axiale Ver¬ schiebung der Rührwelle ohne Versatz der Rührflügel innerhalb der Retorte durchgeführt werden.According to an advantageous development of the device according to the invention, the agitator shaft is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a sleeve which can be axially displaceable between two end positions and projects the agitator blades. The axial displacement of the agitator shaft necessary to open the inlet-closing cone can thus be carried out without offset of the agitator blades within the retort.
Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Er¬ findung ist oberhalb der Retorte ein in die Einlaßöff¬ nung mündender, mit dem verunreinigten Salz chargenwei¬ se beschickbarer Vorratsbehälter angeordnet, in dessen Iπnenraum ebenfalls ein Rührwerk oder ein Rüttler ange¬ ordnet ist. Der Vorratsbehälter ist zweckmäßig koaxial oberhalb der Retorte angeordnet, so daß die Rührwerke des Vorratsbehälters und der Retorte eine gemeinsame, auch im Bereich des Vorratsbehälters mit Rührflügelπ versehene Rührwelle aufweisen können. Im Bereich des Vorratsbehälters ist die Rührwelle mit einer mit den Rührflügeln bestückten, begrenzt axial verschiebbaren Hülse drehfest verbunden. Die Rührwelle besteht zweck¬ mäßig aus zwei im Bereich der Retorten-Einlaßöffnung durch ein Kupplungsstück lösbar miteinander verbundenen Wellenteilen, um die Montage und Demontage der Vorrich¬ tung zu erleichtern. Die Rührwelle greift vorteilhaf¬ terweise durch ein Drehlager im Deckelbereich des Vor¬ ratsbehälters hindurch und wird durch einen oberhalb des Vorratsbehälters angeordneten Antriebsmechanismus motorisch angetrieben. Der optimale Drehzahlbereich liegt bei 0,5 bis 15 Umdrehungen pro Minute; besonders vorteilhaft sind Drehzahlen zwischen 2 und 8 Umdrehun¬ gen pro Minute.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, a storage container which opens into the inlet opening and can be charged with the contaminated salt in batches is arranged above the retort, in the interior of which a stirrer or a vibrator is also arranged. The storage container is expediently arranged coaxially above the retort, so that the agitators of the storage container and the retort can have a common stirring shaft, which is also provided with stirring blades in the region of the storage container. In the area of the storage container, the agitator shaft is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a sleeve which is equipped with the agitator blades and can be moved axially to a limited extent. The agitator shaft expediently consists of two shaft parts which are detachably connected to one another in the region of the retort inlet opening by a coupling piece, in order to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the device. The agitator shaft advantageously extends through a rotary bearing in the lid area of the storage container and is motor-driven by a drive mechanism arranged above the storage container. The optimal speed range is 0.5 to 15 revolutions per minute; Speeds between 2 and 8 revolutions per minute are particularly advantageous.
Die Beschickung des Vorratsbeh lters erfolgt zweckmäßig über einen beispielsweise als Förderschnecke ausgebil¬ deten Dosiermechanismus durch eine Einlaßöffnung im Deckelbereich hindurch. Um die Bauhöhe der Gesamtanlage möglichst niedrig zu halten, wird der Durchmesser des Vorratsbehalters mindestens doppelt, vorzugsweise min¬ destens dreimal so groß wie der Retortendurchmesser ge¬ wählt.The storage container is expediently fed via a metering mechanism, for example in the form of a screw conveyor, through an inlet opening in the lid area. In order to keep the overall height of the overall system as low as possible, the diameter of the storage container is selected to be at least twice, preferably at least three times as large as the retort diameter.
Das in den Vor atsbehälter chargenweise eiπdosierte verunreinigte Salz wird vorteilhafterweise auf etwa 140 - 180 °C vorgeheizt. Dazu kann der Vorratsbehälter doppelwaπdig ausgebildet und der zwischen den beiden Vorratsbehälterwänden gebildete Ringraum mit einem die Retortenheizung enthaltenden Ringraum zum Zwecke des Wärmeaustauschs verbunden werden.The contaminated salt batched into the storage container is advantageously preheated to about 140-180 ° C. For this purpose, the storage container can be made double-walled and the annular space formed between the two storage container walls can be connected to an annular space containing the retort heating for the purpose of heat exchange.
Die im aufgeheizten Salz gespeicherte Wärme kann außer¬ dem dazu genutzt werden, die beim Konservieruπgsvorgang anfallende verunreinigte Salzlake durch Verdampfung des Wasseranteils und Verschwelung der dort enthaltenen organischen Substanzen aufzubereiten. Hierzu ist min¬ destens eine in die Retorte mündende Einspritzöffπung vorgesehen, die entweder in der Nähe der Einlaßöffnung der Retorte oder in Form von Perforationen an einem sich vorzugsweise entlang der Rührwelle durch die Re¬ torte erstreckenden perforierten Einspritzrohrs ange- ordnet sein können.The heat stored in the heated salt can also be used to prepare the contaminated brine that arises during the preservation process by evaporation of the water content and carbonization of the organic substances contained therein. For this purpose, at least one injection opening opening into the retort is provided, either in the vicinity of the inlet opening of the retort or in the form of perforations on a perforated injection pipe which preferably extends along the stirring shaft through the retort. can be arranged.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzug¬ ten, in der Zeichnung in schematischer Weise darge¬ stellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a preferred exemplary embodiment which is shown schematically in the drawing.
Die einzige Figur zeigt in teilweise geschnittener Dar¬ stellung eine Seitenansicht einer Aufbereitungsvorrich- tung für verunreinigte Konservierungssalze.The single figure shows a partially sectioned side view of a processing device for contaminated preserving salts.
Die Aufbereituπgsvorrichtung enthält gegebenenfalls mehrere, in einer gemeinsamen Tragkonstruktion 8 ange¬ ordnete Retorten 10, von denen eine in der Zeichnung dargestellt ist. Die Retorte 10 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem stehenden Rohr 12 aus Edelstahl mit zylindri¬ schem Innenraum 14, dessen obere einlaßseitige Öffung 16 und untere auslaßseitige Öffnung 18 durch je einen hydraulisch betätigbaren Schließkonus 20,22 druckdicht verschließbar sind. Die Beschickung der Retorte 10 mit verunreinigtem Konservierungssalz erfolgt über einen Vorratsbehälter 24, dessen unteres trichterförmiges En¬ de 26 über die Einlaßöffnung 16 in das Retortenrohr 12 mündet. Der Vorratsbehälter 24 ist seinerseits über ei¬ ne einen Schneckenförderer 28 enthaltende Dosiervor¬ richtung chargenweise durch eine Einlaßöffnung 30 im Deckel 32 des Vorratsbehalters mit verunreinigtem Kon¬ servierungssalz beschickbar.The preparation device optionally contains a plurality of retorts 10 arranged in a common support structure 8, one of which is shown in the drawing. The retort 10 consists essentially of a standing tube 12 made of stainless steel with a cylindrical interior 14, the upper inlet-side opening 16 and lower outlet-side opening 18 of which can be closed pressure-tight by a hydraulically actuated closing cone 20, 22. The retort 10 is loaded with contaminated preserving salt via a storage container 24, the lower funnel-shaped end 26 of which opens into the retort tube 12 via the inlet opening 16. The storage container 24, in turn, can be charged in batches via a metering device containing a screw conveyor 28 through an inlet opening 30 in the lid 32 of the storage container with contaminated preserving salt.
Der Deckel 32 des Vorratsbehalters enthält weiter eine Drehdurchführung für eine als Hohlwelle ausgebildete Rührwelle 34, die in einem oberhalb des Deckels 32 an- geordneten Drehlager gelagert und durch einen aus einem Getriebemotor 38 und einem Kettentrieb 40 bestehenden Antriebsmechanismus motorisch aπtreibbar ist. Die Rühr¬ welle 34 besteht aus zwei im Bereich der Einlaßöffnung 16 durch ein Kupplungsstück 42 lösbar, im gekuppelten Zustand drehfest miteinander verbundenen Teilen 34', 34", die zum Zwecke der Montage und Demontage voneinan¬ der getrennt werden können. Der obere Teil 34' der Rührwelle ist im Bereich eines Gleitlagers 37 durch den Einlaß-Schließkonus 20 hindurchgeführt. Der Einlaß- Schließkonus 20 ist zugleich verschiebefest auf dem Rührwelleπteil 34τ angeordnet, so daß die Einlaßöffnung 16 durch axiales Verschieben der Rührwelle 34 geöffnet bzw. verschlossen werden kann. Die Rührwelle 34 ist im oberen Teil 34' und im unteren Teil 34'' außerdem mit je einer begrenzt axial verschiebbaren Hülse 44 und 46 drehfest verbunden. Die Hülsen 44 und 46 sind ihrer¬ seits mit im wesentlichen radial überstehenden Rührflü¬ geln 48 bestückt, die unter Freilassung eines Spalts 50 bis nahe an die Innenfläche des Vorratsbehalters 24 bzw. des Retortenrohrs 12 heranreichen.The lid 32 of the storage container also contains a rotary feedthrough for a stirring shaft 34 designed as a hollow shaft, which is arranged in a position above the lid 32. orderly pivot bearing and motor driven by a drive mechanism consisting of a geared motor 38 and a chain drive 40. The agitator shaft 34 consists of two parts 34 ', 34 "which can be detached in the area of the inlet opening 16 by a coupling piece 42 and are non-rotatably connected in the coupled state and which can be separated from one another for the purpose of assembly and disassembly. The upper part 34 The agitator shaft is guided through the inlet closing cone 20 in the region of a slide bearing 37. The inlet closing cone 20 is at the same time fixed on the agitator shaft part 34 τ so that the inlet opening 16 can be opened or closed by axially displacing the agitator shaft 34. In the upper part 34 'and in the lower part 34'', the agitator shaft 34 is also connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a respective sleeve 44 and 46 which can be displaced axially to a limited extent. The sleeves 44 and 46 are in turn equipped with essentially radially projecting stirring vanes 48 which come close to the inner surface of the reservoir 24 or the retort tube 12, leaving a gap 50 hen.
An ihrem unteren Ende ist die Rührwelle 34 an einem über den Auslaß-Schließkonus 22 koaxial überstehenden Zentrierzapfen 52 gelagert. Der Zentrierzapfen 52 ist zusammen mit dem Auslaß-Schließkoπus 22 gegenüber der Rührwelle 34 begrenzt axial verschiebbar. Der Auslaß- Schließkonus 22 ist außerdem in einer aus mehreren im Winkelabstaπd voneinander angeordneten, mit der Retorte 10 starr verbundenen Führungsstangen 54 bestehenden Axialführung gelagert, so daß die Rührwelle 34 auch bei geöffnetem Auslaß-Schließkoπus 22 ohne die Gefahr eines Verkantens der Rührflügel 48 innerhalb des Retorten¬ rohrs 12 gedreht werden kann. Der Auslaß-Schließkonus 22 wird über einen Hydrozylinder 56 betätigt, der den Auslaß-Schließkonus 22 unter Einstellung eines vorgege¬ benen Schließdruckes schließt und dadurch eine Kompen¬ sation der beim Aufheizen auftretenden Längenausdehnung der Retorte ermöglicht.At its lower end, the agitator shaft 34 is mounted on a centering pin 52 which projects coaxially beyond the outlet closing cone 22. The centering pin 52, together with the outlet closing cone 22, is axially displaceable to a limited extent with respect to the agitator shaft 34. The outlet closing cone 22 is also supported in an axial guide consisting of a plurality of guide rods 54 arranged at an angular distance from one another and rigidly connected to the retort 10, so that the agitator shaft 34 also at open outlet closing cone 22 can be rotated within the retort tube 12 without the risk of the agitator blades 48 tilting. The outlet closing cone 22 is actuated by a hydraulic cylinder 56, which closes the outlet closing cone 22 by setting a predetermined closing pressure and thereby enables the length extension of the retort occurring during heating to be compensated.
In dem Ringraum 58 der Retorte befindet sich eine elek¬ trisch aufheizbare Heizwendel 60, die sich über die ge¬ samte Höhe der Retorte erstreckt. Der Ringraum 58 ist nach außen hin mit einem Isoliermantel 62 umgeben, der beispielsweise mit Steinwolle als Isoliermaterial 63 gefüllt ist. Der Ringraum 58 kommuniziert mit einem Ringraum 64 des doppelwandig ausgebildeten Vorratsbehal¬ ters 24, so daß nach oben hin ein Wärmeaustausch und damit eine Vorheizung des im Vorratsbehälter 24 befind¬ lichen Salzes möglich ist.In the annulus 58 of the retort there is an electrically heatable heating coil 60 which extends over the entire height of the retort. The annular space 58 is surrounded on the outside with an insulating jacket 62 which is filled, for example, with rock wool as the insulating material 63. The annular space 58 communicates with an annular space 64 of the double-walled storage container 24, so that heat exchange and thus preheating of the salt in the storage container 24 is possible upwards.
Das in der Retorte angeordnete verunreinigte Mineral¬ salz wird über die Heizwendel allmählich auf Temperatu¬ ren über 330 °C aufgeheizt und eine Zeitlang auf dieser Temperatur gehalten. Gleichzeitig wird während des Auf¬ heizvorgangs das Rührwerk 34,44,46,48 mit einer Dreh¬ zahl von ca. 8 Umdrehungen pro Minute angetrieben. Da¬ mit wird einmal erreicht, daß das verunreinigte Salz beim Aufheizen weder in der Retorte noch im Vorratsbe¬ hälter zusammenbacken kann. Zum anderen wird durch die dadurch bedingte Umwälzung der Wärmeübergang von der Retorten- bzw. Vorratsbehälterwand in das Innere der Salzfüllung hinein verbessert und die Abgabe der beim Aufheizvorgaπg entstehenden Dämpfe und Gase erleich¬ tert. Die Dämpfe und Gase gelangen über die zu diesem Zweck perforierte hohle Rührwelle 34 nach außen und werden erforderlichenfalls in einer nicht dargestellten Filtereinrichtung gefiltert, bevor sie an die Atmosphä¬ re abgegeben werden.The contaminated mineral salt arranged in the retort is gradually heated via the heating coil to temperatures above 330 ° C. and kept at this temperature for a while. At the same time, the agitator 34, 44, 46, 48 is driven at a speed of approximately 8 revolutions per minute during the heating process. In this way it is once achieved that the contaminated salt cannot bake during heating either in the retort or in the storage container. On the other hand, the resulting circulation causes the heat transfer from the retort or reservoir wall into the interior of the Salt filling is improved and the release of the vapors and gases generated during the heating process is facilitated. The vapors and gases escape to the outside via the hollow stirring shaft 34 perforated for this purpose and, if necessary, are filtered in a filter device (not shown) before they are released into the atmosphere.
Weiter ist ein Einspritzrohr 65 vorgesehen, das im Be¬ reich der Deckelplatte 66 in die Retorte mündet und durch das verunreinigte Salzlake auf das aufgeheizte Salz aufgespritzt werden kann. Auf diese Weise kann die im Salz gespeicherte Wärme zusätzlich zur Aufbereitung des in der Salzlake enthaltenen Salzes verwendet werden,Furthermore, an injection pipe 65 is provided which opens into the retort in the area of the cover plate 66 and can be sprayed onto the heated salt through the contaminated brine. In this way, the heat stored in the salt can also be used to process the salt contained in the brine,
Im Anschluß an den Aufheizvorgang wird die Stromzufuhr zur Heizwendel 60 abgeschaltet und das aufbereitete, aber noch heiße Mineralsalz durch Öffnen des Auslaß- Schließkonus 22 in einen Abkühlbehälter abgelassen, aus dem es nach dem Abkühlen abgezogen wird. Following the heating process, the power supply to the heating coil 60 is switched off and the processed, but still hot mineral salt is drained by opening the outlet closing cone 22 into a cooling container, from which it is drawn off after cooling.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP3900720.0 | 1989-01-12 | ||
DE3900720 | 1989-01-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1990008199A2 true WO1990008199A2 (en) | 1990-07-26 |
WO1990008199A3 WO1990008199A3 (en) | 1990-09-07 |
Family
ID=6371938
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1990/000007 WO1990008199A2 (en) | 1989-01-12 | 1990-01-03 | Process and device for treating contaminated mineral salts and salt mixtures |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU4962990A (en) |
DE (1) | DE4090078D2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1990008199A2 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA90172B (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19904680A1 (en) * | 1999-02-04 | 2000-08-17 | Holding Nehlsen Gmbh & Co Kg | Process and unit for recovering salt useful for strewing on roads from waste salt, e.g. from food or fish industry, has a vessel in which waste salt is mixed and treated with an oxidant |
EP1153887A3 (en) * | 2000-05-08 | 2003-05-14 | Tosoh Corporation | Process for the purification of inorganic salt containing organic material |
FR2838660A1 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-10-24 | Ferrand Malonze Viande | MICROWAVE TREATMENT PROCESS FOR SODIUM CHLORIDE USED FOR RECYCLING |
CN113894136A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-01-07 | 上海深健环保科技有限公司 | Method for removing TOC (total organic carbon) in industrial solid waste salt |
CN114147050A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-08 | 南京万德斯环保科技股份有限公司 | Special device for heat treatment of industrial waste salt |
-
1990
- 1990-01-03 WO PCT/EP1990/000007 patent/WO1990008199A2/en active Application Filing
- 1990-01-03 AU AU49629/90A patent/AU4962990A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-01-03 DE DE90EP9000007T patent/DE4090078D2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-10 ZA ZA90172A patent/ZA90172B/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
Keine Entgegenhaltungen. * |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19904680A1 (en) * | 1999-02-04 | 2000-08-17 | Holding Nehlsen Gmbh & Co Kg | Process and unit for recovering salt useful for strewing on roads from waste salt, e.g. from food or fish industry, has a vessel in which waste salt is mixed and treated with an oxidant |
DE19904680B4 (en) * | 1999-02-04 | 2004-05-06 | Holding Nehlsen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Process for extracting salt from used salt |
EP1153887A3 (en) * | 2000-05-08 | 2003-05-14 | Tosoh Corporation | Process for the purification of inorganic salt containing organic material |
US6913742B2 (en) | 2000-05-08 | 2005-07-05 | Tosoh Corporation | Process for the purification of inorganic salt containing organic material and purified salt for electrolysis of sodium chloride |
FR2838660A1 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-10-24 | Ferrand Malonze Viande | MICROWAVE TREATMENT PROCESS FOR SODIUM CHLORIDE USED FOR RECYCLING |
CN113894136A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-01-07 | 上海深健环保科技有限公司 | Method for removing TOC (total organic carbon) in industrial solid waste salt |
CN114147050A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-08 | 南京万德斯环保科技股份有限公司 | Special device for heat treatment of industrial waste salt |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4090078T (en) | 1992-08-27 |
DE4090078D2 (en) | 1992-08-27 |
WO1990008199A3 (en) | 1990-09-07 |
ZA90172B (en) | 1990-10-31 |
AU4962990A (en) | 1990-08-13 |
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