Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
  • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
  • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
  • B29C45/14467—Joining articles or parts of a single article
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C65/70—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by moulding
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
  • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
  • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
  • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
  • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
  • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
  • B29C66/1162—Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
  • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
  • B29C66/12449—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue being asymmetric
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
  • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
  • B29C66/12469—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being asymmetric
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
  • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
  • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
  • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
  • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
  • B29C66/434—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, fork connections or cross connections
  • B29C66/4342—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces
  • B29C66/43421—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces with a right angle, e.g. for making L-shaped pieces
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
  • B29C70/74—Moulding material on a relatively small portion of the preformed part, e.g. outsert moulding
  • B29C70/76—Moulding on edges or extremities of the preformed part
  • B29C70/763—Moulding on edges or extremities of the preformed part the edges being disposed in a substantial flat plane
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
  • B29C70/84—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks by moulding material on preformed parts to be joined
  • B29C70/845—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks by moulding material on preformed parts to be joined by moulding material on a relative small portion of the preformed parts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
  • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
  • B29C66/12441—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue being a single wall
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
  • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
  • B29L2031/22—Hinges, pivots
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
  • B29L2031/44—Furniture or parts thereof

Definitions

• the present invention concerns a method in accordance with the preamble of claim 1 for the joining together of board-shaped pieces.
• the method for the joining together of structural elements to be described herein is, in the first place, intended as a mode of joining for the joining together of structural components of so-called sandwich structure.
• the objective of the present invention is to eliminate the drawback occurring in the prior-art technology described above and to provide a method of an entirely new type for the joining together of structural elements.
• the appearance of the structures is improved, because finishing work becomes largely unnecessary (only removal of the casting naves by cutting) , - the assembly time is reduced essentially (in one casting position, several bodies can be assembled during one working shift (the formwork can be dis ⁇ assembled in less than 30 minutes from casting) ,
• the body components can be ready-painted before assembly
• the method can be applied both to corner joints and to the joints of plane panels. By means of the same method, it is also possible to prepare hinges and flexible joints for constructions in which they are of advantage.
• Figure 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle body manufactured by means of the method in accordance with the invention.
• Figures 2, 3 and 6 illustrate application of the method in accordance with the present invention to corner joints.
• Figures 4, 5 and 11 illustrate the application of the method in accordance with the invention to a hinged joint.
• Figures 7 to 10 illustrate the application of the method in accordance with the invention to a butt joint between two board elements.
• the joint material is preferably some elastomer that is cast or extruded, in particular polyurethane elastomer or silicon elastomer.
• the objective is, by casting out of a polyurethane elastomer, to form a corner lining 8, which, at the same time, glues the components 1 and 2 to be cast together into contact with each other without any other mechanical fastening.
• the portions remaining under the cast must be sand-blasted or ground and treated with a suitable primer (lacquer, paint or glue) which permits adhesion of the material to be cast to the face con ⁇ cerned.
• a suitable primer lacquer, paint or glue
• the casting temperature of the polyurethane elastomer is +15 to +60 C, and the best result is given by parts at a temperature of +60 C onto whose face the casting takes place.
• the casting is also possible at lower temperatures. In such a case, the ultimate strength is reached in a few days.
• the piece 1,2 can be detached from the mould 3,4 in both cases in less than 30 minutes, and the ultimate strength is required only, e.g., when hinges are to be used.
• the raw-materials are preheated to a temperature of +60 to +80 C, at whic temperature their casting takes place.
• Metal parts should preferably always be preheated.
• the poly ⁇ urethane elastomers are, if necessary, coloured by means of pigments of different colours, which are mixed into the polyol. In the following. Figures 1 to 3 will be examined.
• section A-A The casting of the corner bead between the roof 2 and a wall 1 as well as between a side wall and an end wall (section A-A) takes place as follows:
• a wall board 1 and a roof board 2 are placed in position so that a gap of about 3 mm remains between them.
• the outer mould bead 3 and the inner mould bead 4 are placed in position, and a hole 6 of about 8 mm is drilled through the outer mould bead 3 and through the roof 2, whereby a duct as straight and short as possible is obtained into the lower part of the corner joint portion.
• the casting is performed, whereat the raw-materials mixed by the machine flow through the nozzle 5 into the filling hole 6 and further into the free space remaining between the mould beads 3 and 4 as well as between the wall board 1 and the roof board 2, and fill the said free space.
• the filling of the space is noticed by means of the raw-material flowing out through the air hole 7. Since the polymerization of the polyurethane elastomer starts within 5 to 15 seconds from the mixing of the raw-materials, the corner bead being cast must be inclined so that one end of the body is placed higher than the other end, and the filling holes 6 are placed sufficiently close to each other. In such a case, no separate air holes are needed, but material is extruded until the material starts flowing out of the next filling hole. At verti ⁇ cal corners, no inclination is required, but the filling takes place from the bottom upwards, and each used filling hole 6 is closed by means of a plug.
• partition walls which may be made of pieces of polyurethane elastomer shaped equal to the profile to be cast (length, e.g., 5 mm), whereby the casting can really be performed in the horizontal plane and, when cast, the polyurethane elastomer is bound completely together with the pieces of partition walls.
• the casting space may be, at the maximum, so large that polymerization has not started at the mouth of the filling hole. In this method, air holes are necessary.
• the casting pressure is no higher than the liquid pressure equal to the height of the object to be cast, so that supporting of the mould beads does not cause diffi ⁇ culties.
• the section B-B (Fig. 3) shows the connecting of a wall 1 and a bottom 10 to each other and to an outer corner bead 9 of steel, which said corner bead, at the same time, also functions as a "by-passing bead".
• the casting takes place into the recess placed at the top edge of the outer corner bead 9 and into the casting cavity formed by the inner mould bead 4 and by the wall board 1 and the bottom board 10.
• the casting of the outside may be performed straight as open casting, and the casting of the inside in the way described in Fig. 2.
• the outer corner bead 9 becomes attached to the wall board 1 by the cast recess and to the bottom board 10 underneath the casting cavity.
• the wall board and the bottom board adhere to each other both by means of the "baseboard” and by means of the end of the bottom board.
• Section C-C shows the edges of a door and of a door opening as well as the hinge arrangement.
• the mould beads 3 and 4 are installed outside and inside the hinge zone of the wall 1 and of the door 11.
• an auxiliary mould bead 13 is installed, whose function is to form the inside of the hinges, and by means of the length of the auxiliary mould bead 13, it is possible to determine the desired thickness of the hinge (maximum 2 to 3 mm) , and by means of the width of the auxiliary mould bead 13, on the other hand, the magnitude of the elongation of the hinge 12, 21 (width at least 3 mm).
• the hinge and the edge formation can be cast in the vertical position, as can also the corner joint.
• Fig. 6 shows a corner joint for the sections A-A as designed correctly in view of the strength of materials.
• a casting cavity 16 prepared in the way shown in Figs. 7 and 9 (zone D) is suitable for joining together of, e.g., panels 14, 15 with plywood faces.
• Figs. 8 and 10 zone E
• Figs. 8 and 10 zone E
• the pieces to be joined together are kept apart from each other at the moment when the joint material is filled into the space between them, whereby the elastomer to be cast, extruded or injected has access into all parts of the joint gap and can flow into the pores in the material in the interior of the panel, thereby creating a contact area sufficient in view of the strength properties.
• the method described in the present invention it is advantageously possible to prepare joints similar to riveting, which increase the strength of the joint.
• metallic members 19, 20 have been bent, which increase the strength of the joint and which may be, e.g., perforated, whereby the fluid joint elastomer also penetrates into these holes and, by means of its shear strength, increases the strength of the whole joint.
• a groove 16 of the shape of two letters V placed opposite each other has been machined, and the.resin can be cast along the said groove.
• the mould When the casting is performed over a certain length of the mould, the mould is shifted forwards, and the new cast joins the preceding cast without a seam, which said preceding cast has not yet polymerized completely but has a sufficient gel strength.
• the opposite part of the mould, through which the elastomer resin is fed in must, of course, have suitable air holes in order that a continuous joint could be pro ⁇ quizd.
• the casting pressure does not have to be essentially higher than the hydro ⁇ static pressure of the fluid being cast, so that robust fastenings of the mould pieces are not required.
• sealing strips e.g., around door openings by one operation so that they become ready-attached to the parent piece.
• the method described in the present appli ⁇ cation is most advantageously suitable for use in the manufacture of box elements manufactured in series. Examples of such box elements are typically vehicle bodies, railway wagons and cars, ship cabins, workmen's cabins, summer cottages, small houses, etc.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8518236

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (20)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (6)

• 1983
  • 1983-12-19 FI FI834660A patent/FI78775C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1984
  • 1984-12-19 WO PCT/FI1984/000098 patent/WO1985002895A1/en unknown
  • 1984-12-19 EP EP85900119A patent/EP0165280A1/en not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (6)

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