WO1985002371A1 - Method and apparatus for producing laminated glass - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for producing laminated glass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1985002371A1 WO1985002371A1 PCT/US1983/001857 US8301857W WO8502371A1 WO 1985002371 A1 WO1985002371 A1 WO 1985002371A1 US 8301857 W US8301857 W US 8301857W WO 8502371 A1 WO8502371 A1 WO 8502371A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bag
- glass
- assembly
- laminations
- silicon
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004589 rubber sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- KKEBXNMGHUCPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-1-(2-sulfanylethyl)imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)N(CCS)CC1C1=CC=CC=C1 KKEBXNMGHUCPEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013305 flexible fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010073 coating (rubber) Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
- B32B17/10825—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts
- B32B17/10834—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid
- B32B17/10844—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid
- B32B17/10853—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid the membrane being bag-shaped
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing laminated safety glass and, in 5 particular, laminated automobile windshields, and the like.
- Automobile windshields ordinarily consist of two sheets of glass and an interposed layer of a thermoplastic material, Such as polyvinyl butyral, bonded to one another
- the bonding is usually accomplished in a two-step operation by first 'subjecting the assembled laminations to a preliminary pressing to remove the air from between the laminations and effect superficial bonding thereof, and then to a final
- Different methods have been employed for initially removing the air from between the laminations.
- One of these consists in passing the glass-plastic assembly 0 between squeeze rollers to force the entrapped air from between the laminations.
- Another is to provide a flexible channel shaped member in engagement with the marginal edge portions only of the assembly, in spaced relation to at least part of the periphery of the assembly, to provide a 5 conduit through which the air can be withdrawn.
- Still another is to place the assembly in a flexible bag, seal s the bag and apply a vacuum thereto to withdraw the air from within the bag as well as from between the laminations.
- These bags are usually formed of films or sheets of a 0 plastic material, such as polyvinyl alcohol.
- This invention is concerned with the so-called bagging method and has for its primary object the provision of a new and improved vacuum bag formed of a special material which will facilitate the evacuation of air from the bag interior and cause it to exert a uniform pressure on the entire surface of the glass sheets when vacuum is applied thereto, thereby permitting the escape of all of the air within the bag, as well as from between the laminations.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a laminating bag of the type disclosed in which it is possible not only to effect a preliminary pressing of the laminations but to completely laminate the glass-plastic assembly while retained within the bag.
- the improved vacuum bag herein provided is formed of fiber glass cloth impregnated with a silicon-rubber sealant applied to the outer surface thereof.
- Fiber glass cloth impregnated with silicon-rubber sealant is elastic and resilient and retains this characteristic under environmental demands that cause other elastomer compounds to fail.
- Such a bag is tougher and harder to tear in the vacuum lamination of glass windshields than bags heretofore used.
- ozone aging has little or no affect on silicon-rubber fiber glass cloth.
- This silicon-rubber coated fiber glass bag can easily withstand higher temperatures, moisture and oxidation, qualities that are significant in the autoclave vacuum lamination of glass. Further, this composite bag contains no acid producing chemicals and is not corrosive.
- Fig. 1 is an end view of a glass-plastic assembly.
- Fig. 2 is a front elevation of a vacuum bag provided by the invention in which the glass-plastic assembly, indicated in broken lines, is processed,
- Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken substantially on line 3—3 of Fig. 2
- Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross sectional view showing the bag construction and the glass-plastic assembly located therein taken substantially on line 4—4 of Fig. 2.
- a glass-plastic assembly representing an automobile windshield and composed of the top and bottom sheets of glass 10 and 11 and an interposed layer 12 of a thermoplastic material, such as polyvinyl butyral.
- the three laminae 10, 11 and 12 are laid freely one upon the other in properly assembled relationship to form a sandwich and the assembly then introduced into the vacuum bag 13 shown in Figures 2 and 3.
- the bag is substantially rectangular and formed of the two side panels 14 and 15 sealed together along one side edge 16 and the two end edges 17 and 18.
- the other side edge 19 is left open and forms the entrance through which the laminated assembly is introduced into the bag.
- the side panels 14 and 15 of the bag are composed of sheets of fiber glass cloth 20 to the outer surfaces of which are applied a layer of silicon-rubber 21, preferably by spraying, which renders the side panel impervious to air and moisture.
- the silicon-rubber is air dried, being preferably of the RTV type (trademark of General Electric Co. for silicone rubber compounds of the room temperature vulcanizing type).
- a coating 22 of the silicon-rubber is also applied to the inner surfaces thereof around the relatively narrow marginal portions.
- the side edge 16 and end edges 17 and 18 of the panels are then brought together and pressed into sealing relation with one another, leaving the edge 19 open to receive the laminated assembly.
- the bag edges may be pressed together by hand, by mechanical means or in any other desired manner.
- the laminated assembly is then placed within the bag
- the hose 23 is provided with a series of spaced openings 24 and is connected to a vacuum pump (not shown) through an outlet hose 25.
- the bag panels 14 and 15 at the open side 19 are then brought together and closed and a vacuum established in the bag. This vacuum will initially draw the edges of the panels into tight sealing engagement with one another and will then completely withdraw the air from within the bag, as well as from between the laminations through the hose 23.
- the bag While maintaining the vacuum thereon, the bag is placed in a sealed heating oven and subjected to a temperature sufficient to bring about a softening of the plastic interlayer 12 and superficial adhesion of the plastic interlayer to the glass sheets.
- the assembly may be heated ia the oven at a temperature of about 150° to 225°F. for a period of about 20 minutes.
- the bag, with the vacuum still on, is then trans ⁇ ferred from the oven to an autoclave wherein it ia sub ⁇ jected to an air pressure gage (PSIG) in the neighborhood of 100 to 250 pounds per square inch for a period of about 10 minutes to effect final and complete bonding of the laminations throughout the entire area of the assembly.
- PSIG air pressure gage
- the silicon-rubber coating that is applied to the outside surface of the bag will seal the interstices between the glass fibers but will not completely penetrate them thereby leaving the inside surface of the bag bare and the individual fibers exposed as shown in Fig. 4.
- the exposed fibers form an uneven surface due to the weave and which., when brought into face-to-face contact with the glass sheets, result in innumerable small channels through which the air can escape. This greatly facilitates the total withdrawal of the air and causes the bag to exert uniformily distributed pressing force on the entire surfaces of the glass sheets so that breakage of the glass
- the invention is not restricted to use of glass fiber cloth of any specific weave, it has been found that the glass fiber cloth supplied by J.P. Stevens & Co. of New York under No. 7628/38 performs very well in practice.
- This glass cloth weights 6.00 oz. per square yard, has a thickness of .0065 inch, and a thread count of per square inch of 44 warp and 32 fill.
- the thickness of the silicon-rubber coating is in the neighborhood of .010 inch, with the overall thickness of the coated bag being about .017 inch.
Landscapes
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
For use in the manufacture of laminated safety glass (10, 11), a vacuum bag (13), in which the glass-plastic laminations are bonded together, formed of fiber glass cloth (20) having a layer of silicon-rubber (21) applied to the outer surface thereof which seals the interstices between the glass fibers but leaves the interior surfaces of the bag bare and the individual glass fibers exposed for direct contact with the glass sheets during lamination. Also described is a method of manufacturing laminated glass whereby the safety glass-plastic laminae are inserted into the fiber glass bag and the bag is sealed, placing the bag in an oven, withdrawing the air from said bag as well as from between the laminations of said assembly, to bring the bag into pressing engagement with the glass sheets, subjecting said bag to heat only within said oven to soften said plastic interlayer to cause superficial adhesion between the plastic interlayer and the glass sheets, removing the bag from said oven and introducing it into an autoclave, and subjecting said bag to an elevated pressure, in the absence of additional heat, to effect the complete bonding of the laminations.
Description
Description
1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING LAMINATED GLASS
Field of Invention
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing laminated safety glass and, in 5 particular, laminated automobile windshields, and the like.
Background of the Invention
Automobile windshields ordinarily consist of two sheets of glass and an interposed layer of a thermoplastic material, Such as polyvinyl butyral, bonded to one another
10 by heat and pressure to form a composite unit. The bonding is usually accomplished in a two-step operation by first 'subjecting the assembled laminations to a preliminary pressing to remove the air from between the laminations and effect superficial bonding thereof, and then to a final
•j_5 heating and pressing in an. autoclave filled with oil or air to completely bond the laminations together.
Different methods have been employed for initially removing the air from between the laminations. One of these consists in passing the glass-plastic assembly 0 between squeeze rollers to force the entrapped air from between the laminations. Another is to provide a flexible channel shaped member in engagement with the marginal edge portions only of the assembly, in spaced relation to at least part of the periphery of the assembly, to provide a 5 conduit through which the air can be withdrawn. Still another is to place the assembly in a flexible bag, seal s the bag and apply a vacuum thereto to withdraw the air from within the bag as well as from between the laminations.
These bags are usually formed of films or sheets of a 0 plastic material, such as polyvinyl alcohol.
Outline of the Invention
This invention is concerned with the so-called bagging method and has for its primary object the
provision of a new and improved vacuum bag formed of a special material which will facilitate the evacuation of air from the bag interior and cause it to exert a uniform pressure on the entire surface of the glass sheets when vacuum is applied thereto, thereby permitting the escape of all of the air within the bag, as well as from between the laminations.
Another object of the invention is to provide a laminating bag of the type disclosed in which it is possible not only to effect a preliminary pressing of the laminations but to completely laminate the glass-plastic assembly while retained within the bag.
The improved vacuum bag herein provided is formed of fiber glass cloth impregnated with a silicon-rubber sealant applied to the outer surface thereof.
Fiber glass cloth impregnated with silicon-rubber sealant is elastic and resilient and retains this characteristic under environmental demands that cause other elastomer compounds to fail. Such a bag is tougher and harder to tear in the vacuum lamination of glass windshields than bags heretofore used. Also, ozone aging has little or no affect on silicon-rubber fiber glass cloth. This silicon-rubber coated fiber glass bag can easily withstand higher temperatures, moisture and oxidation, qualities that are significant in the autoclave vacuum lamination of glass. Further, this composite bag contains no acid producing chemicals and is not corrosive.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Fig. 1 is an end view of a glass-plastic assembly. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of a vacuum bag provided by the invention in which the glass-plastic assembly, indicated in broken lines, is processed,
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken substantially on line 3—3 of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross sectional view showing the bag construction and the glass-plastic assembly located therein taken substantially on line 4—4 of Fig. 2.
Detailed Description
Referring to the drawings, there is disclosed in Fig.
1 a glass-plastic assembly representing an automobile windshield and composed of the top and bottom sheets of glass 10 and 11 and an interposed layer 12 of a thermoplastic material, such as polyvinyl butyral.
According to the invention, the three laminae 10, 11 and 12 are laid freely one upon the other in properly assembled relationship to form a sandwich and the assembly then introduced into the vacuum bag 13 shown in Figures 2 and 3. The bag is substantially rectangular and formed of the two side panels 14 and 15 sealed together along one side edge 16 and the two end edges 17 and 18. The other side edge 19 is left open and forms the entrance through which the laminated assembly is introduced into the bag.
As illustrated in Fig. 4, the side panels 14 and 15 of the bag are composed of sheets of fiber glass cloth 20 to the outer surfaces of which are applied a layer of silicon-rubber 21, preferably by spraying, which renders the side panel impervious to air and moisture. The silicon-rubber is air dried, being preferably of the RTV type (trademark of General Electric Co. for silicone rubber compounds of the room temperature vulcanizing type).
To secure the side panels 14 and 15 together there is also applied to the inner surfaces thereof around the relatively narrow marginal portions a coating 22 of the silicon-rubber. The side edge 16 and end edges 17 and 18 of the panels are then brought together and pressed into sealing relation with one another, leaving the edge 19 open to receive the laminated assembly. The bag edges may be pressed together by hand, by mechanical means or in any other desired manner. The laminated assembly is then placed within the bag
13 through the open edge 19 and a vacuum hose 23 arranged around the periphery of the assembly in spaced relation thereto. The hose 23 is provided with a series of spaced openings 24 and is connected to a vacuum pump (not shown) through an outlet hose 25.
The bag panels 14 and 15 at the open side 19 are then brought together and closed and a vacuum established in the bag. This vacuum will initially draw the edges of the panels into tight sealing engagement with one another and will then completely withdraw the air from within the bag, as well as from between the laminations through the hose 23.
While maintaining the vacuum thereon, the bag is placed in a sealed heating oven and subjected to a temperature sufficient to bring about a softening of the plastic interlayer 12 and superficial adhesion of the plastic interlayer to the glass sheets. By way of example, the assembly may be heated ia the oven at a temperature of about 150° to 225°F. for a period of about 20 minutes. The bag, with the vacuum still on, is then trans¬ ferred from the oven to an autoclave wherein it ia sub¬ jected to an air pressure gage (PSIG) in the neighborhood of 100 to 250 pounds per square inch for a period of about 10 minutes to effect final and complete bonding of the laminations throughout the entire area of the assembly. No additional heating is provided in the autoclave, the resi¬ dual heat retained from the heating oven being sufficient. When the pressing cycle is completed, the bag is removed from the autoclave and the completed product removed from the bag. Thus the* entire laminating process can be accom¬ plished while the laminated assembly remains in the bag.
The silicon-rubber coating that is applied to the outside surface of the bag will seal the interstices between the glass fibers but will not completely penetrate them thereby leaving the inside surface of the bag bare and the individual fibers exposed as shown in Fig. 4. The exposed fibers form an uneven surface due to the weave and which., when brought into face-to-face contact with the glass sheets, result in innumerable small channels through which the air can escape. This greatly facilitates the total withdrawal of the air and causes the bag to exert uniformily distributed pressing force on the entire surfaces of the glass sheets so that breakage of the glass
OMPI
and the presence of air bubbles in the completed product are minimized.
While the invention is not restricted to use of glass fiber cloth of any specific weave, it has been found that the glass fiber cloth supplied by J.P. Stevens & Co. of New York under No. 7628/38 performs very well in practice. This glass cloth weights 6.00 oz. per square yard, has a thickness of .0065 inch, and a thread count of per square inch of 44 warp and 32 fill. The thickness of the silicon-rubber coating is in the neighborhood of .010 inch, with the overall thickness of the coated bag being about .017 inch.
It will be understood that the specific thicknesses, temperatures and pressures given above are by way of example only and that variations thereof may be resorted to
■without departing from the spirit of the invention or scope of the claims.
Claims
1. For use in the manufacture of laminated glass including an assembly composed of two sheets of glass and an interposed layer of thermoplastic material, characterized in that a flexible vacuum bag for receiving the assembly for laminating is used, said bag comprising side panels formed of fiber glass cloth., and a coating of silicon-rubber sealant applied to the outer surface only of said panels, wherein the coating of silicon-rubber seals the interstices between the glass fibers but leaves the inner surface of the side panels bare and the individual glass fibers exposed for direct contact with the glass sheets.
2. A silicon-rubber coated flexible fiber glass bag 'as claimed in claim 1, including means for withdrawing air from the bag as well as from between the laminations of said assembly.
3. A silicon-rubber coated fiber glass bag as claimed in claim 2, in which the bag is sealed around the edges thereof, and including means located in said bag in surrounding relation to and spaced from said assembly for withdrawing air from said bag as well as from the laminations of said assembly.
4. A silicon-rubber coated fiber glass bag as claimed in claim 3, in which said means comprises a tubular member encircling^ said assembly in spaced relation thereto and having openings therein, and means connecting said tubular member to a source of vacuum.
5. A method of manufacturing laminated glass, which comprises providing the silicon-rubber coated fiber glass bag of Claim 1 for receiving a laminated assembly composed of two sheets of glass and an interposed layer of thermoplastic material, characterized by inserting said assembly within said bag and sealing the bag, placing said bag in an oven, withdrawing the air from said bag as well as from between the laminations of said assembly, to bring the bag into pressing engagement with the glass sheets, subjecting said bag to heat only within said oven to soften said plastic interlayer to cause superficial adhesion between the plastic interlayer and the glass sheets, removing the bag from said oven and introducing it into an autoclave, and subjecting said bag to an elevated pressure, in the absence of additional heat, to effect the complete bonding of the laminations.
"6. A method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the vacuum on the bag is maintained during the transfer of the bag from the oven to the autoclave and also during the pressing of the assembly in the autoclave.
OMPI
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1983/001857 WO1985002371A1 (en) | 1983-11-29 | 1983-11-29 | Method and apparatus for producing laminated glass |
| EP19840900203 EP0162841A1 (en) | 1983-11-29 | 1983-11-29 | Method and apparatus for producing laminated glass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1983/001857 WO1985002371A1 (en) | 1983-11-29 | 1983-11-29 | Method and apparatus for producing laminated glass |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1985002371A1 true WO1985002371A1 (en) | 1985-06-06 |
Family
ID=22175600
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1983/001857 WO1985002371A1 (en) | 1983-11-29 | 1983-11-29 | Method and apparatus for producing laminated glass |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0162841A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1985002371A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1987006526A1 (en) * | 1986-04-28 | 1987-11-05 | Shatterproof Glass Corporation | Apparatus for producing laminated safety glass |
| GB2256168A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1992-12-02 | Dowty Aerospace Gloucester | Apparatus for heat bonding materials. |
| EP0562142A1 (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-09-29 | Peter Arrow Limited | Vacuum bag for making safety glass |
| EP0825654A3 (en) * | 1996-08-13 | 1999-11-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Continuous vacuum lamination treatment system and vacuum lamination apparatus |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5604249A (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1997-02-18 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Thiangazole, its preparation, compositions and use thereof |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1914392A (en) * | 1928-10-30 | 1933-06-20 | Louis J Kolb | Means for making laminated glass |
| US2714567A (en) * | 1952-10-17 | 1955-08-02 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Preliminary pressing of bent laminated glass |
| US3074466A (en) * | 1962-07-23 | 1963-01-22 | Harvey J Little | Evacuation ring for laminating process |
| FR1567728A (en) * | 1967-06-26 | 1969-05-16 | ||
| US3933552A (en) * | 1974-07-10 | 1976-01-20 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Preparing transparent assemblies for lamination |
| SU662159A1 (en) * | 1975-10-20 | 1979-05-15 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6476 | Coating method |
| US4398979A (en) * | 1982-02-22 | 1983-08-16 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Vacuum channel method of laminating glass sheets |
-
1983
- 1983-11-29 WO PCT/US1983/001857 patent/WO1985002371A1/en unknown
- 1983-11-29 EP EP19840900203 patent/EP0162841A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1914392A (en) * | 1928-10-30 | 1933-06-20 | Louis J Kolb | Means for making laminated glass |
| US2714567A (en) * | 1952-10-17 | 1955-08-02 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Preliminary pressing of bent laminated glass |
| US3074466A (en) * | 1962-07-23 | 1963-01-22 | Harvey J Little | Evacuation ring for laminating process |
| FR1567728A (en) * | 1967-06-26 | 1969-05-16 | ||
| US3933552A (en) * | 1974-07-10 | 1976-01-20 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Preparing transparent assemblies for lamination |
| SU662159A1 (en) * | 1975-10-20 | 1979-05-15 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6476 | Coating method |
| US4398979A (en) * | 1982-02-22 | 1983-08-16 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Vacuum channel method of laminating glass sheets |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Vol. 91, 1979, (Columbus, Ohio, US) see Abstract 40838q, & SU,A,662 159 (Medvedev YU. N.) 15-05-1979 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1987006526A1 (en) * | 1986-04-28 | 1987-11-05 | Shatterproof Glass Corporation | Apparatus for producing laminated safety glass |
| GB2256168A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1992-12-02 | Dowty Aerospace Gloucester | Apparatus for heat bonding materials. |
| GB2256168B (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1995-10-18 | Dowty Aerospace Gloucester | Apparatus for heat bonding materials |
| EP0562142A1 (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-09-29 | Peter Arrow Limited | Vacuum bag for making safety glass |
| EP0825654A3 (en) * | 1996-08-13 | 1999-11-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Continuous vacuum lamination treatment system and vacuum lamination apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0162841A1 (en) | 1985-12-04 |
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