USRE78E - Improvement in machines for making wrought-iron spikes and nails - Google Patents

Description

' E. HUNT & w. oseoon. MACHINE PORMAKING WROUGHT IRON SPIKES 0R NAILS. N0 78.

' Reissued Jan. 15, 1846.

UNITED STATES ERA QTUS CORNING AND JAMES HOB-NEH, OF ALBANY, ASSIGNEES OF VIL- LI-AM OSGO OD AND EBENEZERHUNT, OF TROY, 31E YORK.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent dated March H, 1834 January 15, 18-16.

To all whom, itk/n/ty concern: I

Be it known that \VILLL-ur Osooon and EBENEZER HUNT, both of Troy, in the county of Renssela'er and State of New York, did invent a Machine for Making 'rought Nails and Spikes, a true and accurate. description of which is as follows, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the same a Figure 1 being an isometrical view; Fig. 2, a central section between the die-boxes. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the die-box; Fig. 3", elevation of the'working end of the movable die-box. I g

The nails are to be manufactured from rods either rolled or slit, but rolled rods are preferable, and thesize of the rod must correspond with the size of the body of the nail. The points of the nails may be either flat or sharp; but flat points are made most advantageously by our machine. The nail-rodis pnt into the machine hot, and the piece to form the nail is cut ofi and gripped, and immediately after is pointed and headed both at the same time.

The form of this machine may be so varied in its details that no description can be given which will comprehend all the varieties-of which it is susceptible-but'it is the modes of operation which form tie ground-work of this invention, whichseveral operations areas fol} lowsrfirst, cutting off the piece of rod .for the nail and gripping it; second, the hammering, and thereby forming the point; third,

the heading, .whieh two last are performed, as

above stated, nearly at the s me time; fourth, the disengaging the nail an opening the grip to receive the rod for the nextnail or spike. I The foundation orbed-plat eof this machine is a fiat strong plate or fram'of cast-iron, a, of such shape and with such-upward and downward'projections-as to accommodate the operating parts hereinafterto be specified. This is shown in Fig. 5. V

The apparatus for performing the first tip-- eration\"iz., cutting oil" and gripping-consists of two compound blocks, one of which is fixed and the other movable. These are composed of several parts,hereinafter described.

The fixed or stationary block for assisting to grip the rod (see Fig. 2') is attached to the frame at one end thereof, and may consist of Reissue No. 78, dated these plates placed horizontally-one upon-the other. The two lower plates are of a width exactly equal to the length of thebody'of the nail. The thickness of the bottom one, 1),,1'5 unessential'say from threc-fourthsof aninch to an inch and'a half. Themiddle platej c, [must exactly correspond in thickness with'the's'iZe of the body of the nail, and must be of steel, or of wrought-iron with steel on t-he'inncr end, or of some other substance equally hard. The inner end of this middle plate forms one side of the cavity in which the nail is held for heading and pointing The third or top plate, d, of the fixed block is wider and longer than the other two, and the end of it projects over the others and forms the upper side of the square cavityin which the nail is gripped. A crossview of this die is shown in Fig. 3, with the movable die open or drawn back from it. -Here the spike isshown in red lines.

There is a movable or sliding block, 0, which we denoniinate the die-box, composed of a piece of cast-iron consisting of three sides of a square with a bottom, which bottom is a little (say one-fourth ofan inch) lower than the bottom'ol'the bottom plate of thefixe'd block above named. Thecavity of the sliding blockor die-box-e is occupied by two plates, the bottom one of-whichis also in are not fastened together, but are placed side by-side. The width of the widest piece,'f, Fig.

3", corresponds with the length of the body o t' thenail. and that ofthenarrowestpieec, g, with the taper or point of the nail, which'is aboutv one third of the width of the widestpicce. The widest of these pieces, f, projecting unde the middle plateof the, stationary block ant. fitting c.osely to it, forms the body of the cavity, which grips the body of the nail, and the narrow piece, 9, also projecting under, formsthe bed on which the point of the nail is'formed, and the top. of this last-mentioned piece is shaped by grinding or otherwise, so as io'form the die or angle of the point, ofytlre nail or spike. (See elevation A in Fig. 3.) The length ot the plates is at right angles. to

the position of the nail. On the compound plate f 'r last specified lies another plate, h, .of the same width as the platef underit, and is about an inch, (more or less) in thickness; butthein nerend sayabontoue inch of its length two pieces, which I s I l 7s is reduced to the exact thickness of the middle plate, 0, of the stationary block opposite; and when the die-box e is forced upward and the bed-plate f passes under the opposite middle plate, 0, the thin end of the .plate h last specified forms three sides ot'the cavity or chamber in which the nail is gripped, andthe third or top plate, d, of the fixed block forms the upper or fourth side of the grip.

As the die-box is forced inward to grip the nail the forward end of it is raised just before it stops by little inclined'planes i on each side of the die-box,-zfixed in the frame, up which the die-box slide-sin. order to grip the nail on each of its four sides a On the front end of the main bed-plate a. is the cutter-block k, made fast at the outer end to said bedplate in a place made to receive it, and it is made secure by a dovetail wedge. The inner or operating end of said cutterblock it is exactly where the rod is cut off at the point of the nail,which ise'lfected by the movable die passing said cutter in gripping the nail. 5

When the rod is thrust in to form the nail, the farther end, which is to form the head, strikes against a spring-gage, l, the opposite end of which is fastened to the bed-plate, and

the cutter h whichis attached to it and moves with the die-bomcoming up against the cutter-block k, the piece which is to form the .nail is thereby cut off and gripped by the movingup of the die-box, and is readytoform the head and point. When the nail is cut oii',it is carried forward by the die-box until the back end, which is to form the head, passes by and is clear of the gage-spring l, abovepientioned, and the front end, which is to make the point,

is just passed, but even with the back edge of the cutter-block k; at thisinstant commences the operation of heading and pointing.

The header is a solid bar of cast or wrought iron or other proper substance, m-say from eighteen inches to two feet in length and from three to four inches square-dying horizontally and lengthwise of the machine in proper sliding ways, so that the header-die, which is inserted in the forward end of the header, maybe exactly opposite the projecting end of the rod which is to form the head of the nail. A

strong lever, n, of cast or wrought iron, bent nearly at right angles, with one end or arm longer than the other, is so placed that the I short arm, which at its end forms the fulcrum,

is connected by a strong movable or articulating joint to two downward projections, 0,

from the under side of-the bed-plate, and the other br longer end of said lever rests upon a cam, 12, on the main shaft g, which lies across the back end of said plate or frame, while the angular point or elbow stands against the back end of the header, and the end of said le- ,ver being raised by said cam.tl1e header,witli 4 its die,is forced forward and formsthe head of the nail, and when so formed the head is carried back bya spring, r. That part of the headingdie which com'esin contact with the end of the spike-rod may beso shaped as to give any required form to the head-of the' spike.

The point is formed by two hammers, s 8', each hammer being operated by alever each,

-s" and u, in the following manner: The top hammer stands inaan angle with the nail of about forty five degrees, retained therein by the guide d,in combination with guides d and d, as hereinafter described, so that when it strikes the nail the stroke corresponds with the extension of the nail forward. The upper end ofthis hammer ,is connected by a knee joined to a strong lever, 8",; which lever rests at about one-third of its length on two fulcrunrposts, t, strongly attached to the bedplate'g, and the opposite or longest end 6f which lever rests on the periphery of a wheel,

t, with four (more or less) cams or projections f on its edge, which gives as many successive strokes to the point of the nail; and the periphery of this eam-wheel is so adjustedas to advance the hammer a little at each successive strokes as the point of the naildirninishes.f

Thelower end of this hammer, or that part which comes in contact with the bar to form the point of theinail, is guided by passing down through a space out out of the upper die,d,fo'rthat purpose, and bearing against a guide, d, fastened in front of it to the frame; it being regulated laterally by another guide, d, that bears against its side, and is also fastened to the frame, as clearly represented in the drawings. Theside hammer, s, when used, lies horizontally in such a situation as to strike against the side of the point of-the nail, but

strikes it at right angles with the nail, and the lever a, which operates it, lies onthe bedplatea, and has for its fulcrum a pin standing on the same, and receives its motion from side cams or undulations on the side of a'camwheel, t, last abovespecitied,

The die-box or sliding block e, above specified, is advanced inward to grip the nail by a wedge, 1 operating horizontallybehind. the? outer. end of said die-box, which wedge is driven forward by a cam, 10, on the end of the main shaft, in shape nearly semicircular, and so adjusted as to perform itsoperations in about half the time of each revolution, leav-- ing the grip open half of the time, to reenter the rod for the next nail. box, like theheader, 'is carried back by a spring. as the die-box comes back and the grip is opened the above mentioned gagespring serves, when necessary, to disengage the nail, and inease it should fail it may beaided by a hook, which is attached to the die'box, and, drawing back with it against the head of the nail, disengages it, if not done before.

\Ve h ave sometimes used, especially in lllftk ing square-pointed nails, what we term.,a.-.

The die back so as to leave room for the point to remain clear of the cutter-block, and-when this is used the gage-spring may be dispensed with; but this is not material.

All the operating parts of the griping, heading, and cutting apparatus which require-it are to be made of or faced with steel and suitably hardened. I

What we claim as the invention of the said WILLIAM Oseoon' and EBENEZER HUNT, and desire to secure by the reissue of these Letters Patent, isv 1. The combination of the dies, constructed substantiallylas herein described,with the united heading and pointing apparatus,soas to grip the rod on four sides nearly its whole length ERASTUS CORNING. JAMES HORNER.

Witnesses:

IRWIN B. DAVIDSON, H. W. TURNER.

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