USRE6494E - Improvement in limekilns - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets--Sheet1.

w. s. SAMPSON. Lime-Kiln.

N0, 6,494, Reis-suedlqne 22,1875.

' lumen Z01";

UNI ED STATES WILLIAM s. SAMPSON, or NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR or oNnnALF PATENT Darren.

INTEREST TO HOl\IER S. BEAR'DSLEY, OFSAME PLACE.

TIMPROVEMENT m LIMEKILNIS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 149,415, dated April 7, 1874; reissue No. 6,494, dated J une 2'2, 1875; application filed January 21, 1875. I

Divis on A.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, VILLIAM S. SAMPSON, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces or Kilns for the Galcining of Lime and Roasting ot' Ores; and I do hereby declare that the following is a. full,

clear, and exact description of the same.

' and tied rigidly together by means of a series of bond-plates laid in between each section of masonry. From the top to the bottom of the walls the bond-plates are tied together by a series of tie-rods extending from plate to plate and fastened with suitable nuts, so that they may be adjusted when needed; the construc- .tion, adaptation, and operation of which will be fully described and pointed out In the drawings which form a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a. vertical sectional elevation of. a furnace or kiln embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a. horizontal section-taken on line ma: in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged horizontal section of the flue, taken on line 2 z inFig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate correspondin g parts. y

L is the metal base-plate and bottom or first bond-plate, on which the first section of masonry is laid. It rests on its outer portion on a'solid foundation of stone or brick masonry.

Below it, at its center, is an air chamber or space, M, for the purpose of allowing fresh air to come in contact with its under side, thus keeping-it cool when the mass of heated material composing the charge in the furnace or kiln is resting upon it after the material has fallen below the lines of fires, in the firechambers, preparatory to being withdrawn through the draw-doors arranged for that par-- pose. This base-plate is elevated in cone form toward thecentcr of the furnace or kiln in order to chute the calcined or roasted material toward the draw-doors N through which it is withdrawn. This cone-shaped form of construction also gives it additional strength ing upon it when the furnace or kiln is fully charged. N N represents the draw-doors from which the calcined'or burned material is drawn they are formed in the first section of masonry at the base of thekiln, and betweenthe base or first and the second bond-plate. O 0 represent the fire-chambers, in. which the heat is generated from coal, wood, or other suitablexhiaterial. These fire-chambers may be fonrin number, more or less, accord ing to the size and capacityof the furnace or practically surrounded with a line of fires. They are usually formed in the first tier of masonry composing thesection between the base bond-plate L, and the second bondthe usual manner in such cases. a on are the ash-pits immediately beneath the fire-chambers. G is the outer wall of the furnace or kiln. G is the inner wall,- both composedot' brick or of stone. P represents an opening or air-space the entire height of the furnacewalls. This air-space is for the purpose of allowing a freecirculation of air from the bottom air-chamber, M, up between the walls, keeping them cool and at an even state of temperature.

These air-passages between the walls G and means of openings in between the masonry composing the foundation on which the furnace or kiln rests. This passage of air Will from the efl'ect-s of the intense heat generated in the furnaces from so many fires. R R repto bear the weight of the load of material restkiln, in order that the furnace or kiln may be plate, S. They are lined with fire-bricks in the same masonry material, which 7 may be of.

G communicate with theair-chamber M byprevent the cracking or rupturing of the walls resent the inner wall or lining of the furnace.

'. It and the wall G.

It is composed of the fire-brick ordinarily used for that purpose in the common furnaces or kilns. Q represents a narrow dead-air space formed between the inner lining-of fire-brick- This is for the purpose of permitting a circulation of air between the walls; also for the purpose of permitting the fire-brick lining to freely expand without atfecting the walls G and G. S, S, S, and S represent the series of bond-plates, which, with bond-plate L, divide the masonry in the walls G and G into a series of horizontal sections. They are made somewhat wider than the walls G and G, and project outside of the outer furnace-wall sulliciently for permitting the passage through them of the tie-rods T.

These tie rods cxtendfr'om one bond-plate to the other, from the bottom plate L at the base tothe top plate S at the apex of thefurnace nuts 12 'v o 'v for tightening them up from time to time, as may become necessary. The bondplates S, S, S, and S are provided with a series of openingsor slot-s, V, (shown plainly in Fig. 3 ofthe drawings,) at successive points in the circle, conforming in outline with the air-space P in. the-walls G and G, for allowing the passage ot' air through the air-space P, as before described. The bottom plate L, which forms the base-plate,- also has similar openings in it corresponding to those in the plates S.

The advantages gained by constructinga furnace or kiln on the plan as herein described are, first, a great increase of strength in the walls; second, the great facility with which frepairs, when needed, can be made in any one section of masonry between the bondplates without disturbing the sections above or below the"damaged section. This is obvious, as each section of masonry between the bond-plates is supported and held rigidly in place, entirely independent of the otlier sections. Third, the permission of a free circulahon of-fresli air between the walls of masonry,

. for the purpose of keeping the walls cool, thus avoiding the disastrous results that so frequently occur in the ordinary furnaces oi: kilns from expansion, which ruptures and breaks up the masonry of the walls; fourth, to admit of the expansion of the fire-brick lining of the furnace without affecting the exterior wall of masonry; fifth, by binding the masonry of ,the walls in this manner each square inch or square foot; of the walls is clamped with the same pressure; hence the ,expanding strain upon the masonry is immediately taken up and sustained by the several bond-plates in their 'tensilc resistance.

Combined with this form of furnace or kiln, constructed as herein described, I propose to use my central draft-flue, which is fully described in an application for a patent of even date herewith.

In Fig. 1 I have shown this fine in position ready for use, and in Fig. at I show an enlarged cross-section ot' the same.

This form of furnace or kiln is not only designed for the calcining of limestone and the roasting of ores, but to the burning of cement and plaster, oyster-shells, and similar materials. This method of construction is also applicable to blast-furnaces for some purposes ot' streugth. i

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Paton t, is-

1. In a. furnace or kiln designed for the cal cining of lime, the roasting of ores, and the burning of cement and plaster, or similar materials, the combination of the cone-shaped bond-pla-teL at the bottom ofra furnace or kiln, the series of bond-platesS, S S and S,

more or less in number, all provided with the slots or openings V, with the horizontallydivided sections of the masonry, composing the walls G and G, the whole rigidly tied together by means of a series of tie-rods, T, and nuts '0, all substantially as and for the purposes asherein shown and described.

'2. In a furnace or kiln, the walls of which i

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