USRE5944E - Improvement in ore-separators - Google Patents

Description

G. COPELAND.

Ore Separators.

Reissued June 30,1874.

plane of Fig. 1; and

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE COPELAND, OF DEXVER, COLORADO TERRITORY, ASSIGXOR TU CHARLES E. WVHITMORE.

IMPROVEMENT m O-RE-SEPARATORS.

Specification forming part of letters Patent No. 103,574, dated-May 31, 1870; reissue No. 5,944, dated June 30, 1874; application tiled June 25, 1874,

I I do hereby declare the following to be a full,

clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, in which' Figure 1 is a transverse sectional elevation of my improved separator. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation, taken at right angles to the Fig. 3 isatop-plan view, partly in section.

Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several Ii gures of the drawings.

This invention relates to that class of separators employed for separating dry pulver-.

ized or granular substances, according to the relative weight and size of their particles, by

the action of a sieve or screen, combined with a current or currents of air, and has for its object to effect the more perfect separation of such substances. v

The invention consists, first, in the improved process of separating the diiferent particles according to their size and weight; secondly, in the following improvements in mechanism adapted-for the purpose of such separation, vizz' First, combining a'sieve or screen with an air-blast beneath and an air suction or exhaust above it; second, combining an inclined sieve or screen with an air-blast beneath andran air suction or exhaust above it; third, combining a movable sieve or screen with an air-l.)last-beneath and an air suction or exhaust above it; fourth; cornhinin g a longitudinally reciprocating or vibrating sieve or screenwith an air-blast beneath and an air suction or exhaust above it; fifth, combining a vertically-adjustable sieve or screen with an air-blast beneath it and an air suetion or exhaust above it, or with either of them; sixth, combining a sieve or'screen, havin g its inclination adjustable, with an air-blast beneath it and an air-suction or exhaust above it, or with either of them; seventh, arranging a sieve or screen, an air exhaust'or suction above it, and an air-blast beneath it, in sucn manner that the suction shall assist the blast in creating an upward current through or from the sieve; eighth, combining, in a,separator, a sieve or screen,'through which a blast passes .in one direction, while the finer and heavier substances to be separated pass in the other, with an auxiliary pipe, with jets from an independent fanblower; ninth, combining a movable sieve or screen with an air suction or exhaust above it, and mechanism for clearing the under side of the screen; tenth, combining with a sieve or screen an air-pipe be neath it, to deliver the air in thin currentsor jets against the under side of theiscreen for the purpose of clearing the meshes thereof, and lifting into the air the light particles thereon; eleventh,combining with a sieve or screen a rotary air-blast pipe beneath it, the line air currents or jets from whicli'impinge against the under side ofthe sieve; twelfth, combining with asieve or screen a traveling air-blast beneath it, and impinging against its under side; thirteenth, dividing the air-blast so as to cause a portion of it to act upon one part of the vibrating screen, while another portion is operating upon a different part of the same screen; fourteenth, combining an in 'termittent air-blast under a sieve or screen with an air-suction or exhaust above it; fifteenth, dividing the sieve or screen into sections, and causing the several sections to be cleaned by blasts from the same fan; sixteenth, the'combination of one or more covering-chambers, a. suction-fan, and one or more conducting-pipes, with a vibrating or reciprocating sieve or screen seventeenth, the combination of one or more covering-chambers, a suction fan, and

one or more conducting-pipes with a movable screen havingan air-blast beneath it; cight-. een, the combination of a receiving-hopper having'a sieve or screen at the top, 'with an air-blast pipe underneath the sieve, and a blower to deliver the air in thin currents or jets nineteenth, an adjustable feed extending substantially thewhole width of the-sieve or screen, or at right angles 'to the line of'its movement; twentieth, regulating the movement and discharge of the material upon the sieve or screen by varying the inclination of the latter; twentyfirst, a sieve or screen capai ,J-wa; r I

erstwhile CO2};

ble ot' being rendered coarser or finer by the adjustment of its ret'iculation's twentysecond, arranging the air-blast of several separatingmachines to be operated bya single fan.

In the accompanyin gdrawin gs, which show one. form of machine for carrying out my invention, Ais a hopper, into which the substance or material to be separated or treated is 1 liconveycd Manysaitahle means. It is provided wi'th'numerbns holes along the bottom for-the deliveryoftliematerial, and a rotary perforated 'valve, B, for regulating or stopping the discharge. 0 is a sieve placed under the hopper A and over another hopper, D, an d in this in stance is arranged to shed ach way from the line of the delivery-orifices of the hopper above. The material is fed from this hopper in a thin sheet or'series of small streams across the width of the sieve, and in a line at right angles or nearly so to the lineof its reciprocations or vibrations.

. The material is, therefore, spread e i'enly over and across the'receiving portion of the sieve, and its flow is regulated or stopped byt'he adjustable valve B.

a The sieve shown in this example of my invention is formed ot'spira'l-wire coils or springs E, stretched from the end blocks F 1*, parallel with each other, forming; meshes or reticulations, which may be varied for finer or coarser material by adjusting the end blocks to or from each other through the medium of the ,.sn :ev1 rods G -G(, by which th cy are coiii1ecterl.,--

and by which they are sup 'njnted on the bars H of the frame. 'The end blocks are jointed zit/the center, and the screw-rods G thereat rest at the ends on plates I onthe top of the bars H, having adjusting-screws K, by which they may be raised or lowered tovary the angle of the shed or'inclination, for the purpose of regulating the movement and discharge of the material upon such sieve. Other sieves,

however, niay'be used instead 'of such'as I have described.

The sieve has a. reciprocating or shaking motion imparted to it by an eccentric-wheel, Z, on the shalt of a fan, 0, acting on a spring, Z connected to the sievesupports,

which are arranged in any suitable way for vibration. L is a two-way-revolving blast- I pipe, receiving air alternately through the orifices M N from a fan,(), and projecting into the hopper D,,.where it has a perforated nozzle, 1, through which the air is delivered in gusts andjets among the particles of heavier matter,

an eminent the .li iitegandmameemahem ,pmthesieveito toss t in np'and separate them from the heavier; 'S is a suction or exhaust an attached to the top of the machine, and

having two covering-chambers orflit'uiiiiel-n "mouthed pipes arranged above the sieves to take up the tlne"'light dust or particles and convey them away through the pipe U to a receptacle. As' the sieve vibrates or reciprccates the he'avf 'and valuable substances i'all through it inio the hopper l). The coarser and lighter particles are held in suspension over the sieve by means of the ascending air-currents, and float. down over the sieve to the tail thereof, where they are discharged. The light fine dust and impurities, rising abox'e the light coarse particles, are drawn off "by the suction-fan and conveyed away to a receptacle. By this meansthe pure and valuable materials fall through the sieve, the coarse light particles are discharged atthe end,:and the-light fine particles are drawn up and carried oh by the suction or exhaust fan.

An upward current of air has a tendency to cause particles of matter to adhere to the under side of the'sieve, and to counteract this the under side of the sieve should be swept'by some force moving laterally, to clear it from such particles. The perforated nozzle of the blast-pipe projects the air in thin currents or jets against the under side of the sieve at almost every angle, and the rotation or oscillation of the pipe causes these line currents or jets to travel along the under side of the sieve and brush ofl' any'particles that may have attached themselves thereto. the air currents or jets is facilitated or increased by the constant changing of the angle at which they strike the sieve,.by the traveling,

movernentot' the sieve itself, and by the vibrations or ,perci'issionof the sieve, due ,to the action of the drivingcam and the spring. The air blast has the further function of removing anypartieles, that may become lodged in the meshes of the sieve. blast in creating an upward current through or from the sieve.

The sieve shown in the'drawin'gs is divided into sections, which are cleaned by the fanblast, and while one portionof the blast is acting upon one part of the sieve another portion of it acts upon a different part of the sieve. The vertical adjustment of the sieve adapts it to operate nearer to, or farther from, the suction and blast, or atany desired point between the two.

-The hopper 1) is closed, except at the top, and is provided with an escape-valve, Q, at the bottom, held closed by a spring,

R, which will resist the force of the blast,

but will yield under the weight of an accu-- mulation of the treated substance sufliciently to letit escape from time to time and pre yent the hopper'from filling. The/part theair ad'i nit ted through the passage N to the 'fan tanuthich .lihegaglita'ch lDBXliZS are connected, constituting, a donbleacting m'a-,

chine, whereby the continuous blast from the fan 0- is delivered toeach set in alternate gusts. The pipe U may receive jets of water from a revolving perforated pipe, V, to which a hose-pipe, W, is jointed at X, and held,- in ,contact bya spring, Y, or other suitable means.

These water-jets may be mixed with-the dust drawn up by the suction-fan, to prevent it from being carried away in the air. The airblast tube L L is operated by a belt, 2*, from This action of The suction assists the of w theair-pipe is intended to condnct the fan-shaft, working overa pulley thereon; and-the suction and water-jet tube may also. be operated by belts from the same shaft, or they may be operated in any approved way.

a are shimmers, arranged at the lower edges of the sieves and lapping over the upper surfaces a shortdistance. They are arranged on oscillatin g shafts I), having spring-arms d and holding-pins e, by which they may be rais'edor loweredandheld inany desired position when" --it is necessary to skim oi the coarseand light particles of matter which are floated down over the sieve and above the heavier particles by the action of the air and the sieves.

The feed-hopper and valve B may be dispensed with and the substancefed directly to the sieves by hand or other means, as preferred. v

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. The process of separating pulverized or granular substances by spreading them onto a suitable bed, blowing air up through-the bed to lift and lighten up the substance thereon, and employing a suction or exhaust above the bed to carry off the fine light particles 'or impurities, substantially as described. 2. Ina separating-machine, a sieve or screen in combination with an air-blast beneath and an air suction or exhaust above it.

3. In a separating-machine,aninclined sieve or screen combined with an air-blast beneath andansainsuction or exhaust above it.

eta-In a separat1ng-maehine, a movable'sieve 1 justable sieve or screen combined with an airblast beneath and above it.

an air suction orexhaust 7. In a separatingrmachine, a sieve orscreen,

. having its inclination adjustable, combined with an air-blast beneath. it.

18. In a separating-machine, a sieve or screen,

having its' inclination adjustable, combined with an air suction or-exhaust above it.

9. Ina separating-machine, a sieve or screen, having its inclination adjustable, combined with an air-blast beneath and an air-suction or exhaustabove it. 1 p 10. In a separat ng-machine, asieve' or screen,

an anexhaust or suction above it, and an -airblast beneath it, arranged and operated in such manner that thesuction shall assist the blast in creating an upward currenttliroughor from the sieve.

-11. In a separating-machine, a sieve or screen through which ablast passes in one direction while the finer and heavier substances to be separatedpass in the other, combined with an li-ver the .air in thin currents or jets,;against the'under' side of the screen, for the purpose of clearing the meshes thereof and lifting into the ail: the light-particles thereon.

14. In a separating-machine, a sieve or screen combined with a rotary air-blast pipe beneath it, the fine air currents or jets from which impinge against the under side of the sieve.

15. In aseparating-machine, asieve or screen combined with an air-blast beneath it, the air current-or currents from which impinge against and travel along the under surface of the sieve.

16. In a separating-machine, having a vibrat-ingsieve or screen, a number of air currents or jets divided so that a portion of them actsai-pon one part of the screen while another portion acts upona different part of the'sa'me screen.

17. In a separating-machine having a-sieve or screen, an intermittent air-blast under the sieve combined with an air suction or exhaust aboveit. v 18. In a separating-machine, a sieve or screen divided into sections cleaned by blasts of air from the same fan.

11?. In a separating-machine, a vibrating or reciprocating sieve or screen combined with ,one or more covering-chambers, a suction or exhaust fan, and one or more conducting-pipes, arranged to receive the light fine particles (1irectlyv over the sieve. i 1

20. In a separating-machine, the combina tion of one or more covering-chambers with a suctlon-fan, one or more conducting-pipes,

and a movable screen having an air-blast beneath it. g

21. In a separating-machine, the combination of a receiving-hopper. having a sieve or screen at the top, with an air-blast pipe underneath the sieve constructed to deliver the air" in thin currents or jets. 1 i

'22. In a separating-machine, an adjustable feed to deliver the material substantially the whole width of the reciprocating or vibrating sieve.

23. In a separating-machine, asieve or screen.

capable ofbeing rendered coarser or finer by the adjustment of it'sreticulations..-

24. The combination of a single fan with the blast-pipe, of several separating-machines, sub stantially as described.

. GEO. COPELAND. Witnesses:

H; R. WHITMORE, Jno. B. CHURCH.

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