USRE2451E - George cbompton - Google Patents

Description

@uiten faire atmt @ffice GEORGE oRoMrToN, or WORCESTER, MAssAonUsETTs; AssiGNEE or JAMES GREENHALGR.

`[letters PatentvNc.'9,377, dated November 2, 1852, extended 7 years; reissue No. 2,451, dated January 15, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS.

dln Srlgrhule frieten tu in tlgese rtttsfatent amt mating nrt nf tigt time.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, JAMES GREENHALGH, late of Waterford, Massachusetts, now of Woonsocliet, in the county of Providence, and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Power Looms; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the drawings, which make part of the description.

Figure 1 is a back elevation of a power loom having my improvements applied.

Figure 2 is aside elevation of the same.

Figures 3 and et are elevations in detail of parts thereof.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each oftheseveral figures. 'Ihose parts of the loom to which the invention-has no reference are, for the most part, omitted in the figures.

These improvements relate to the harness motion of fancy looms, and consist in certain new combinations and arrangements of well-known parts.. Prior to the' date of my invention, fancy looms were well known which were p rovided with leaves of heddles, double systems of levers for operating them, and with mechanism actuated -hy the main shaft to lift and depress the leaves of heddles when vibrating parts connected with them have been properly arranged, through theintervention of a pattern barrel or chain. Looms of the cam or tappet variety, in which the desired leaves of .heddlcs were lifted and depressed by revolving cams or tappcts, through the interventionof a single system 'of upright levers, cach lever of the system being properly connected to a leal` of heddles, were also known.

In the former looms great varieties ofl changes of figure are attainable by complexity of mechanism, and with the disadvantages incident thereto. In the latter the changes of figure are limited, but the mechanism is simple.

'The object of my invention is to furnish a loom having all the exccllencies of the former class without many of the disadvantages; andn this is, as may be stated in general terms, 'attained by combining with the hedldles and lever system of the latter class the pattern chain and actuating mechanism of the former class.

In the drawings, A is the framing oi' the loom; B is the main. shaft; Oa cam shaft, driven in the usual way by gearing from'the main shaft. i D D are a series of long upright levers, double treadles or jacks hanging on an axle, E, there being one lever' for each leaf of heddl-es, G Gr, with the ends thereof connected to theleaf of heddles by cords, a a, a c', lpassing over pulleys, F F, F- Ii". These levers or double treadles are hung at about' themiddle'of their length, as usual with treadles of this description, and the essential characteristicsof this class of levers arethat they are upright, andby means of a proper connection from each end of each one, substantially such as described, with the heddlcs, cause these latter to move up and down, while the ends of the levers themselves move in ares whose chords are horizontal, or nearly so; this'single series of levers, with their connections, forming a very simple and convenient mechanism, 'by means of which the leaves of heddles maybe moved or sustained in position, as. contrasted with the other mechanism heretoforeused in fancy looms, where at least two series of horizontal or bcllfcrank levers connected, not only to the heddle leaves, but also to each other, were employed. By inspection of the drawings it will be perceived that the ends of these upright levers are notched in more than one place at each end for the reception of the cords,'which may be shifted from notch to notch, thereby altering the range of motion of any one or more of the hcddle leaves, while the range of motion n of the levers and their actuating mechanism remains the same, and neither the line of motion of the hcddlcs nor the adjustment of the mechanism, by and through which the levers are moved, is changed. It will also be seen that one set ofthe pulleys, over which the cords' pass, is adjustable in position by reason of the screw standards supporting the same', being held in 'place on the framing by nuts, :c x; by shifting the latter the position of the pulleys, and consequently the tension upon the cords, can be varied and adjusted, and this provision for adjustment is useful for several reasons. To each one of the upright levers is pivoted at b a vibrating attachment, pro`.

vided with a double set of notches or shoulders, e c. rIhese vibrating attachments must-have'motion in atleast two lines or curves, one motion being 'derived from the pattern cylinder or chain, the other from mechanism actuated bythe main shaft, and reciprocating to and fro at cach beat of the lay. Each of these vibrating attachments rests in a notehin each one of a series of-toes, T, pivoted at V,a-nd these toes rest upon a pattern journals, d, and having secured to it an arm, 2', moved by a connecting-rod, t, attached to'one end of a lever, L.

cylinder, M, provided with projecting pins, K, andfree to'revolve in journals o. This'cylinder is actuated by a pawl, q, acting as a ratchet-wheel, r, mounted on the shaft Q, the pawl being driven by a lever, l?, vibrated by a connecting-rod, 11 pivotcd-to one end of a lever, O, oscillating on m, and forced to oscillate by the canrN on the shaft B. On the shaft Q a stop-wheel, S,.is mounted, in the recesses of which engages a roller, s,`1nounted on enlever, kR, and held to its work by a spiiing, v; the pattern cylinder, or chain if preferred, 'and thc`lnechanism for moving and arresting it at the proper times and in the proper positions, being such as have been hitherto used and well known. n

If the pattern should .require extending beyond what would be practicable with theylindcr, it can be done by passing an endless chain over the cylinder, the .said chain being provided with studs or other projections, which wouldoperate on thc lifters and vibrating attachments, and govern the operation of the harness in the same manner as the studs on thel cylinder. As the cylinder` or chain moves, it raises or permits to fall each'of the vibrating attachments, thus determining in what directioneach lever and its attached leaf of heddles shall be moved prior to the movement thereof. Between the two arms of each of the'lserie-s of vibrating attachments is arranged the reciprocating mechanism J,.having shoulders-operating 'at the Sametime in opposite directions,

andshown in the drawings as a long drum provided with cog-teeth. It is mounted on a shaft, I, resting in pivoted to the loom-frame at g, andcarrying a,stud,f, provided with a roller which runs in a n"move, e, in acam, K, on the shaftv C; the purpose of this train of mechanical elements and that connected with the pattern cylinder being, Aas in other looms, te cause the reciprocating mechanism to move so as to give a complete vibration of each long upright levervfor each bea'tvof the lay,1 andv to. vibrate the vibrating attachments by the Vmotion of the pattern cylinder, which latter takes place when the shed is closed. v

The motions of the parts of the loom described may be briefly stated as follows: All the upright levers and hcddles being in the lcentral position, the chain or cylinder moves, and when it stops certain of the vibrating attaehments are raised and others lowered, depending' upon the contour of that part ofthe-chain then acting on the toes, so that all the vibrating attachments are in gear either withvthve upper or lower notches of the reciprof eating mechanism. This mechanism then carries in one direction all thelong upright levers, whose vibratorsl are in gear with its uppermost notches, and inthe reverse dircctiouall thelong levers whose vibratory 'attachments are in gear with its lowermostnotches, and 'the levers being connected with the heddles form a shed. The reciprocating mechanism' then returns to its first position, carrying with it all levers and heddles, thus closing the shed. During the time that the shed is openthe shuttle is thrown, and at or about the time thc shed is closed, thc pattern cylinder moves again, selecting anew the vibrating attachments, which are again acted upon by the reciprocating mechanism, so as to raise and lower ythe leaves of heddles. lAs the ultimate `and eiectivc purpose ofthe reciprocating mechanism is to raise and lower leaves ofheddles, this mechanism is really a lifter and depresser. l have stated that it ispreferred to make the vibrating attachments and reciprocating mechanxism-with a'series of notches or cogs and racks, or so=that there is a4 gear like that of cog-teeth between the reciprocating mechanism and vibrating attachments; the elfectof this construction vis thatit prevents the tension ofthe warp threads or other causes-from moving the heddlesfaster than the-'reciprocating mechanism. moves.A Insorderto obviate all danger of any leaf of heddles not being returned to the centre or closed shed line, I'apply to the reciprocating mechanism eveners,y y, which are long rods attached to links, y1 yl, connected to pivots on the reciprocating mechanism; these rods lie the one between the long levers and the loom-frame, and the other in the notches 'V1/3, and they move with the reciprocating mechanism, and act as evenersdo in looms made prior to my invention.

The long upright levers are 'represented in the drawings as bent inwardsl at their point ofsuspension. By thus constructing them vso as toy throw their Weight outside of a vertical plane passing through that point and increasing the weight of the levers or their overhang, they willcounterbalance, or aid to countcrbalanee, the harness,lthus saving power in working the loom, and favoring regularity and steadiness of motion. By further reference tothe drawings it will be perceived that I have arranged the upright levers next the loom-fran1e, and

the pattern cylinder or chain outside of the levers, thus placing the levers near their work, which is to'niove `the leaves of heddles, making the connection with the heddles comparatively short, and giving ample room for the cylinder and its operating mechanism, and also affording opportunity for the operator` to shift and adjust thechain or cylinder readily. .I have also arranged the vibrating attachments above the centre of 'the long upright lever', ythus leaving room for a long pattern chain between said attachments and the door.

I claim as of my own inventionl. A series of long upright levers, one for each leaf of heddles, and each connected at eachend to a lcat` of A) li'cddles, substantially as described, in combination with a series of vibrating attachments capable of motion in .at least two directions, as speciiied, the combination being as described, whereby power may be applied either to lift or'depress leaves of heddles in the manner specified. v 2. l claim a series of long upright levers, one for each leaf of heddles, and each connected to a leaf of hed-` dlcs,substantially as specilicd, in combination with. a series of vibrating attachments, capable of motion in at least two directions, as described, and a pattern cylinder or chain, which determines the position of said attach' ments, and consequently thc-direction in which each lever shall he reciprocated prior to the movement thereof, the combination bcingsubst-antially such as hcreinbeforc described.

l3. I claim the scries'of upright levers and of vibrating attachments and the pattern chain or cylinder-7 all in combination as specified in the second claim, in combination with reciprocating mechanism, which, through the intervention of the vibrating attachments and the series of upright levers and the connections, shifts the shedsA by acting on the leaves of heddles, the v'combination being such as herein set forth` l 5r. In combination with leaves of heddles, and a series of upright levers, having characteristics as described,

' I claim an adjustable connection between said levers andthe leaves of hcddles, whereby the range of perpendicular motion of the heddles may be changed Without altering the range ol' h orizontal motion of the levers or the range of motion Yofthe reciprocating mechanism, the combination being and acti-ng as described.

5. In combination with a-series of upright levers, having characteristics as specified, and operating to elevate and depress leaves of-heddles, I claim evenfcrs or adjusters, operating substantially in the manner and f'or the purpose described; and also in combination with said series of attachments; and also, in combinationfwith said series oi' levers, evcners, and vibrating attachments, reciproeating mechanism to move the levers, which are returned to their mean position by'the eveners, these vthreel combinations each being and operating as specified. i

In combination with a series of upright levers, having characteristics as specified, a pattern chain or cylinder and a series of vibrating attachments, I claim' toes, through which the chain or cylinder acts upon the vibrating attachments, this combination being and acting substan tially as described. i

7. I claim the arrangement, substantially as described, of leaves of heddles, side of the loom-frame, series substantially as described, the gist of the arrangement bein;r that the leaves of heddles are within the frame, the upright levers close to but outside of the frame, and the pattern chain outside ofthe levers, whereby the advantages herein described are attained. I

8..'I claim arranging the vibrating attachments andtheir pivots above the axis upon which the upright levers oscilla'te,`with the pattern chain below the vibrating attachments, substantially 'in the manner and for the purpose specified. l

9. I claim a 'series of upright levers, havingcharacteristics as specified, in combination with leaves of heddles and a pattern cylinder or chain, as described; and I also claim these elements of a machine inV combination with reciprocating mechanism, the combination being substantially such as herein specilied. y

10. I claim, in combination with a series of upright levers and heddle leaves and cords connecting them, an adjustable meqhanism, as described, whereby the tension of Vthe cords may be varied, as set forth. i

11. I claim, in combination, reciprocating mechanism and vibrating n'echanisni, when the two gear together in the manner described, whereby the vibrating attachments are prevented from moving faster than lthe reciprocating mechanism, as set forth, and also these mechanisms thus constructed to gear together in combination with a pattern chain, substantially as described.

12. I claim, in combination with vibrating pieces so constructed as to embrace'rcciorocating mechanism, a reciprocating mechanism, a pattern chain or cylinder, and a series of long upright levers, having characteristics as set forth, all substantially such as describedand acting in combination as set forth,

And lastly, I claim constructing long upright levers, having 4characteristics andconneetions `as described, with abend therein as specified, so that their lweight is outside of the axis upon which they oscillatc, thereby attaining the results desired and described.

of upright levers and patternrcylinder or chain,

JAMES ennnnnALGi-I;

Witnesses:

N AUSTIN Palms, JOHN H. Tanon.

levers and their eveners, aserics oi' vibratingJV

Images