USRE20802E - A h kilner - Google Patents

Description

July 19, 1938. A. H. KILNER Re. 20,802

APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL IMPREGNATED WITH CELLULOSE REGENERATED FROM VISCOSE OR OTHER CELLULOSIC SOLUTIONS mvsnkrron ARTH UR HUGOE/ KlLNER IY HIS ATTORI'YS July 19, 1938. A, KlLNER Re. 20,802 APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL IMPREGNATED WITH CELLULOSE REGENERATED FROM VISCOSE OR OTHER CELLULOSIC SOLUTIONS Original Filed May 3, 1932 f -13 Sheets-Sheet 2 ARTHUR\HUGOE KlLNER v BY ms A-rfonnzvs A. H. KILNER Re'. 20,802 APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL IMPREGNATED WITH July 19, 1938.

CELLULOSE REGENERATED FROM VISCOSE OR OTHER CELLULOSC SOLUTIONS Original Filed May 5, 1932 13 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR ARTHUR Husos KILNER IY HIS ATTORNEYS July 19, 1938. A. H. KILNER Re. 20,802 APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL IMPREGNATED WITH GELLULOSE REGENERATED FROM VISCOSE OR OTHER CELLULOSIC SOLUTIONS Original Filed May 3, 1932 13 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR l ARTHUR HUGOE KILNER BY ms Arronmfxs A. H. Kl LN ER July 19, 193s. I

c SOLUTIONS 5 t e nv h w t B e h S 3 1 APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL IMPREGNATEDWITH CELLULOSE REGENERATED FROM VISCOSE OR OTHER CELLULOSI Original Filed May 5. 1932 A llll|||||\ INVEN'I'R ARTHUR HUGOE KILNER Mv. SWW .M 0 MS It a Te Ue R mh SS CM KILN ER MANUFACTURE 0F MATERIAL IMPREGNATED CELLULOSE REGENRATED FROM VISCOSE 0R OTHER CELLULOSI July 19, 1938. -A H.

APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND Original Filed May 3, 1952 .j ARTHUR Huso: KILNER .Y HIS ATTQRNCYS Re. 20,802 EGNATED WITH c soLUTIoNs July 19, 1938.`

A. H. KILNER APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL vIMPR CELLULOSE REGENERATED FROM VISCOSE OR OTHER CELLULOSI Original Filed May 3. 1932 13 `Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTR 'ARTHUR HUGOE KILNER BY ms wronucvg.

July 19, v A H K|LNER R8. APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND' MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL IMPREGNATED WITH CELLULOSE REGENERATED FROM VISCOSE OR OTHER CELLULOSIC SOLUTIONS Original Filed May 5, 1952 f 15 Sheets-Sheet 8 a. w HF' l Je mvENIToR y ARTHUR HUGOE KILNER BY, PHS ATTORNEYS July 19, 1938. A, H KlLNER Re. 20,802 APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND MANUFAOTURE OF MATERIAL IMPREGNATED WITH CELLULOSE REGENERATED FROM VISCOSE OR OTHER CELLULOSIC SOLUTIONS Original Filed May 3. 1932 l5 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTOR ARTHUR HUGOE KILNER BY ms ATroRm-.Ys

Juil/'19 1938- A. H. KILNER 1 Re. 20,802 APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL IMPREGNATED WITH CELLULOSE REGENERATED FROM VISCOSE OR OTHER CELLULOSIC SOLUTIONS Original Filed May 3. 1952 15 Sheets-Sheet 10 Fly. 12

T *9% ll X9 106 107 H H 107 lI\ 107L 1 I m3 90 ll 90 106 l| Y 107 A2 iL A2 INVENTOR 1 ARTHUR `MuGoE mLNER BY uli ATTURNSYS July 19, 1938. A. H. KILNER Re- 20,802 APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND MNUFACTURE OF MATERIAL IMPREGNATED WITH CELLULOSE REGENERATED FROM VISCOSE OR OTHER CELLULOSIC SOLUTIONS original Filed May s. 1952 13 sheets-sheet 11 INVENTOR ARTHUR HUGOE KlLNE'R BY HIS ATTORNEYS July 19, 193s.

A. H. KILNER APPARATUS FOR THI'Jv PRODUCTION AND MANU CELLULOSE/REGENERATED FROM VISCO FACTURE OF MATERIAL IMPREGNATED WITH SE OR OTHER CELLULOSIC SOLUTIONS Original Filed May 3, 1932 13 Sheets-Sheet 12 big "V m i? I"."`\

uvam-0R Q Q -l'l/N ARTHUR HuGoE KILNER IY HIS ATTQINSYS Jly 19, 1938.

A. H. KILN ER APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL IMPREGNATED WITH ISCO SIG SOLUTIONS CELLULOSE REGENERATED FROM V SE OR OTHER CELLULO Original Filed May 5. 1952 13 Sheets-Sheet 13 mvsu'ron ARTHUR Hu'GoE mLNEsz,

BY HIS ATT'RNLYS Ragusa July 19, 193s v APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION' AND MANUFACTUBE OF MATERIAL ILIPREG- NATED WITH CELLULOSE REGENERATED FROM VISCOSE B. OTHER CELLULOSIC SOLUTIONS Arthur nug aan, si. John', Wood, London, England Original No. 1,892,579, dated DecemberZ'l, 1932, Serial No. 608,886, May 3, 1932. Applicatioir for reissue January 3, 1935, Serial No. 698. I Great Britain April 16, 1931 zu claims. (viol-1r) This invention relates to an'apparatus for the production and` manufacture of material impregnated with cellulose, regenerated from viscose, or other cellulosic solution, wherein material (hereinafter referred to as thebase material) such for example, as paper material, cotton material, or other'material adaptable for use in this process is impregnatedwith cellulose regenerated from viscose, or other cellulosic solution and is stretched laterally or maintained under tension to prevent corrugatlon and lateral shrinkage during its passage through a coagulatingfbath wherein the viscose, or other cellulosic solution, absorbed by the base material is set. Hitherto, the material in process and the mechanism which acts to stretch the said mal terial laterally or to maintainitinder tension passed first downwardly' andk then upwardly through the coagulating bath. It has been found that when metal is used thisdeleteriously affects the said metal of the mechanism to such an ex `tent thatthe parts of the material in process which contacted therewith emerged from thel bath with objectionable stains and moreover, the

coagulating medium attacked the said mechanism thus contaminating the said medium with dissolved metal .salts which in tum also give rise'to stains in said material in process at this stage.

scribed with reference to the-accompanying drawings, in which:- l,

Figures 1 and 1a illustrate, diagrammatically,

apparatus suitable for carrying out the conrplete process for producing material inaccordance with this invention. Figure 2 shows in elevation and Figure 3 in section a portion of the head of the receptacle containing the viscose, or other cellulosic solution; Figures 4 and 5 illustrate in section and elevation, respectively, differential gear by whichthe feeding roller in the said head is rotated at a speed in accordance with the varying tension of the base material,

which speed is relative to that of the material in tion 'of the float chamberv and a part of the' 1 hollow, float-controlled piston valve hereinafter ing device for turning up the longitudinal edges 5V of the material 4in process, Figure 1Q `being a section taken on the line y, y, Figure l1, and Figure 11 a section taken on the line x, z, Figure 10; Figures 12, 13, 14 and l5 are detalls illustrating various'positions of the pins of the 10 Laforesaid mechanism relatively to the longituf dinal edge'of the material in process; Figures 16 and 17 are vertical sections at right angles to each other` and Figure 18 is a horizontal section illustrating one of the vdevices for turning l5 u p the longitudinal edges of the material .in process; Figure 16 being taken on the line w, w, Figure 18, and Figures 17 and 18 vbeing taken on the lines v, v, and u, u, respectively, Figure 16.

Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings the 20 base material A, `is drawn by a rotatable roller B into the head c of a receptacle C, containing a cellulosic solution such, for example, as viscose v through which solution the said base material passes and is led downwardly to between seal- 25 ing rollers D and D1 (hereinafter more particularly described) at, or adjacent to, the lower end c1 of the said receptacle, from which rollers the said base material is then drawn horizon- 'The invention will now be particularly detally, or approximately horizontally, through a 3c controlled outlet slit, or orifice-c2 (hereinafter more particularly described) azacent thesaid lower end of the receptacle. The feeding roller B is driven through differential gear `controlled by tension compensating rollers, indicated at E, 35 at thehead c of the receptacle C, which gear and tension rollers are hereinafter more; particularly described. The feeding roller B and the sealing rollers D' and Dl are so adapted and mounted that any liability of air entering the 40 receptacle C is practically eliminated so -that both the basev material A during its passage through the said receptacle C and the cellulosic solution contained therein 'is subjected continuously to a vacuum whichyprevents as far as possible the formation of bubbles` in the said` solution and consequent blistering thereafter of the vproducedv material.` The bath of cellulosic solution'in the receptacle C is made suillciently deep for 4the base material A to remain long 50 enough in the solution to obtain the proper absorption of such solution by the said material so that the solution may enter into combination with i'lbres and threads and fill the interstic'es and meshes. The materialin process I proximately horizontally, travelling mechanism (indicated at H and hereinafter particularly described) which engages the said turned-Hup edges and stretches the material laterally or maintains it under tension to prevent shrinkage during its passage towards and through a.

horizontal, ory approximately horizontal trough, I containing a coagulating medium wherein the cellulosic solution, absorbed by the material in process, is set by coagulation. The construction and arrangement of the said mechanism H is such that only` the points of the pins of the said mechanism which engage the edges of the material in process, as hereinafter described, contact with the coagulating medium in the trough I. ,The material in process during its passage'through the trough I is released from the mechanism H and is then led under a roller J and at, or about, the timev it reaches this roller, the required material has been practically produced. In general practice, however, the produced material A1 is led fror'n the roller J through a trough containing a, liquid which frees the said material from chemicals or chemical solutions so far as it may be necessary, but it is to be understood that the said material may be led from the said roller to any desired place and subjected to any process, or treatment, that may be necessary, or desirable, to render it suitable for a specific purpose, or use. For general purposes, however, the produced material A1 is-preferably first` freed from all chemicals, or chemical solutions, as aforesaid, then again stretched or maintained Vlunder lateral tension, then dried and trimmed and finally wound onto a roller. This may be effected as diagrammatically illustrated in Figure 1a, wherein the produced material A1 is led from the rollerrJ over a roller K and under rollers L in a trough M containing a washing liquid which frees the said material so far as it may be necessary oi' chemicals, or chemical solutions. The produced material is then drawn from the trough M over aY roller N from which it passes to between a second edge turning device (indicated at 0 and which may be substantially the same as the first edge turning device G, hereinafter particularly described, with the exception that the said device O is vadapted to turny the edges downward) and -a second stretching or laterally tensioning mechanism (indicated at P and which may be substantially the same as the aforesaid mechanism H hereinafter particularly described) both oi' which are contained within a drying chamber Q from which the produced materiale'merges in a dry condition, The produced material A1 as it emerges from the drying chamber -Q rpasses between rotary cutters R which trim o the longitudinal edges of the said material pierced by the pins of the mechanisms H and P and is then led over a r'ollerKS to a roller T upon which the finished material is wound. e

The viscose, or other cellulosic solution, is supplied to the receptacle C from a tank U by a` pump V through a pipe line'v which delivers the said solution into the lower part c1 of the said receptacle C.` When the lower part c1 is filled with viscose.'or other cellulosic solution,

scribed) to above/the sealing rollers/D and Dl and ascends the receptacle C to an overflow pipe u at the upper end thereof which returns it toA the tank U and consequently is continuously circulated. The upper part of the tank U is connected by a pipe u1 to an air'exhauster (not f shown) whereby a vacuum is created above 'the solution in the said tank and above the solution in the receptacle C so that any air that may be present in the space between the solution in the said receptacle and the feed roller B is exhausted through the pipe vu. into the space above the solutio'n in the lsaid tank and from thence into the pipe u1. The viscose, or other cellulosic solution, may be conveyed from a source of supply to the tank U byI any suitable means which will maintain the said solution at a predetermined level therein,V and the said tank may be provided with means, such for example as an indicator, whereby the level of the said solution can be readily ascertained.

The receptacle C containing the viscosa vor other cellulosic solution, is sulciently deep for the material in process A to remain long enough in the said solution to obtain the proper absorption of the solution by the said material so that the solution enters into combination with the fibres and threads and lls the interstices and meshes in the said material, and the front and back wallsY l and 2 of the said-receptacle converge towards each other from the upper to .the lower end of the said receptacle, all as shown in Figure 1. The front wall l of the receptacle C may be constituted by` a plate, or its equivalent, bolted or otherwise removably secured to the said receptacle so that, upon its removal access may-be had to the interior of the receptacle to permit an operator leading the base material to betreated round and between the rollers therein and through the outlet slit, or orifice cf'. The head c secured to the upper end oi' the receptacle C consists, as more clearly shown in Figures 2 and 3, of a substantially cylindrical casing I, of a length greater than the width of the base material A, having an inlet slit l and an outlet slit l for the passage of the` said material, i'ed by the roller B rotatable within the Asaid cylindrical casing, to the interior of the said receptacle. Y y

'I'he feeding roller B is substantially longer than the width or the inlet sms and comprises a shaft 0 having slidable thereon `but rotatable therewith a pair oi' spaced discs 1, one of which is shown in Figure 2, which viilt Ain 'the ends of the cylindrical casing and constitute thejend covers thereof. On the shaft I and extending between the discs 1 is a sleeve l of resilient material such for example as cork, having superimposed thereon a covering 8 oi' fibrous material which likewise extends'between the said disc and fits within the cylindrical casing 3 in such manner that air is practically prevented from 'entering at the inlet 4 and ypassing round the roller may by this means be compressed laterally to any desired extent thereby causing it to be forced casng 3 from whichit passes to the outlet slit' 5 of the said casing.

The feeding roller B is driven through differential gear which consists in, or comprises, a drum I2 (see Figures 4 and 5) rotatably mounted on the shaft 6 of the said roller and having on its'outer periphery sprocket teeth I3, or the equivalent, by which rotary motion can be transmitted to the said drum -from any suitable source, toothed planet wheels I4, I5 and I6 rotatably mounted within the said drum, a worm I1 secured to the shaft I8 of the planet wheel I4 and a worm wheel I9, secured to the shaft E, with which the said.

worm engages. The 'toothed wheels I5 and I8 engage the toothed wheel I4 at diametrically opposite sides thereof and the shafts 20 and 2| of the said wheels I5 and I6 project through bearings at opposite sides of the drum I2. Secured to the shafts 2li and 2| are toothed pinions 22 and 23 which engage toothed pinions 24 and 25, respectively, secured to, or formed in one with, brake discs 26 and 21, respectively, rotatably mounted on the shaft 8. ' Ijhe discs 26 and 21, are provided with brake devices 28 and 29, respectively, each of which consists of a pair of jaws 3Il pivotally mounted on a spindle 3| and having tails connected by links 32 to a solenoid 33, in such manner that when the solenoid is en- .ergized the links 32 will cause the jaws to turn inwardly and engage the disc appertaining there, to and consequently retard the rotation thereof. The rotary movement of the drum I2 is transmitted by the worm I1 and worm wheel I9 to the shaft 6 and when the brake devices 23 and 29 are inoperative the whole gear, together with the shaft 5 and the brake discs 26 and 21, rotate las a unit. When, however, either one of the brake devices V2B or 29 is operative the retardation of thebrake disc appertaining thereto causes, through the toothed wheels associated therewith, the planet wheelK I4' to turn in one direction or the other and in accordance with the direction in which it is rotated the worm I1 thereon will act to slightly accelerate or retard the speed of rotation of the worm wheel I9 relatively to the speed of rotation of the drum I2 .and in consequence the speed of the shaft 8 also.- .Assuming the shaft G to-be rotating at the normally required speed, the roller B will feed the base material A at a lJredetermined rate to a guide roller 34 rotatably mounted within the receptacle C (see Figures 2 and 3) from which the said base material i s.ledy round tension compensating rollers E and passes therefrom through the bath of cellulosic solution contained in the said receptacle. The tension compensating rollers consist, as shown more clearly in Figure ,31 of a roller 35 rotatably mounted on a shaft 36 and a roller 31 rotatably mounted on a rock-shaft 38 which in turn is mountedin bearings in the end walls of the receptacle C. The shaft 36 is carried by arms 39 situated within the receptacle C and securedto ,the rock-shaft 38. One end of the rock-shaft 38 projects through a wall of the receptacle C and secured to this projecting end is an arm 48 which may, if desired, be counter-balanced such for example as by a weight 4I. Secured tothe arm 40 is a block 42 to the upper and lower sides of which are secured blades '43 and 44, respectively,.whlch, upon angular movement, upwards or downwards of the through a mined number of degrees causes one or the other of the said bladeslto engage one or the other of contact pieces y4,5 or 4Q whereby an electrical circuit appertaining to one of the beforementloned edetersolenoids 33 is completed so that the said solenoid is energizedand operates its associate braking device 28. AThe rollers 35'and 31 and the` arm 40 are soarranged that when the base material A is under normal tension thesaid arm is in midposition so that neither of the solenoids 33 is energized, Should, however, the tension of the base material A increase it will cause the roller 35,

arm 39, shaft 38 and the arm 4D to turn in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figure 3, so that the blade 43 is moved into engagement with the contact piece 45 thereby energizing one of the solenoids 33 which in turn actuates the braking device appertaining thereto and through the differential gear causes the worm I1 to rotate in the direction to accelerate the speed of the wormwheel I9 so that the roller B feeds the base material A at a slightly greater rate of speed than normally and thereby reduces the tension ofthe said basematerial on the rollers 35 and 31 where- .upon the aforesaid elements return to their normal position. Vice versa, should the tension of the base material decrease from normal, it will cause the roller 35, arm 39, shaft 38, and the arm 40 to turn in an anti-clockwise direction, as viewedv in Figure 3, so that the blade 44 is moved into engagement with the contact piece 46 thereby energizing the other one of the solenoids 33 which in4 turn actuates the braking device appertaining thereto and through the differential gear cause the worm I1 to rotate in the direction to retard the speed of rotation of the worm-wheel I8 so that the roller B` feeds the base material A whereupon the aforesaid elements return to their original position as before.

The base material A is led downwardly from' the roller 31 to between the sealing rollers D and D1 which are housed, as shown more clearly in Figures 6, 'I and 8, in casings 41, and 48 constituting forward and rearward extensions, re-

spectively of the lower end of the receptacle C. 'I'he casings 41 and 4B extend along the full width of the front and back walls, respectively, of the' receptacle C and their interiors are in communication with the interior of the said receptacle. The sealing roller D is secured to a shaft 49 one end of which is mounted in a socket 50 formed in one of the side walls of the casing" and the other, end of the said shaft is mounted in and projects through an orifice formed in the opposite wall of the said casing, and the sealing roller D1 is secured to a shaft 5I one end of which is mounted in a socket 52 formed in one of` the side walls of the casing 48 and the other end of the said shaft is mounted in and projects Vthr'ough an orifice formed in the opposite wall ofy the said casing: Any suitable means may be provided for rotating the shafts 49 and 5I of the sealing rollers D and Dl at the proper speed rela-A tively to the speed of rotation of the drum I2 sov i that the peripheral speed of the said rollers is the same as the normal peripheral speed of the feed roller B. The material in processpasses from between thel rollers D'and Dl and around the underside vof the roller Dl in the casing 4B from which it is drawn in a horizontal, or ap'- proximately horizontal, direction through an evenly prepared and micrometrically adjustable -outlet slit, or oriilce c2 at the' rear end of the said casing as shown moreclearly in Figures 6 andv 7. 'Ihe outlet slit or orifice, c* is constituted by the -rear endv 48a'oir the upper wall of the casing 48 and a memberll yieldably connected by aspring plate I4 to the rear end 48h ofthe. lower wall of the said casing. Secured to a rock-shaft 58 mounted in brackets 58 on the underside of the lower wall of the casing 48 are counterbalanced arms I1 provided with suitable adjustable counterweights 81a and having stops`58 adjustably mounted in their rear ends which abut against the undersideof the member-58 and act, in'opposition to the action of the spring-platel 54. to move the said member inthe direction to c1ose the slit, or orice, c. Normally the slit, or orifice, c is kept open a' predetermined distance, variable in accordance with the thickness of the material in` process to be drawn therethrough, for example, a distance of about 10 to 25 thousandths of an inch, and this may be effected, asvshown in Figures 8 and "I, by cams Il, secured to a shaft 88 mounted in brackets, Il against which'cams the counter-balanced arms l1 abut, so that by turning the said'shaft the said cams can be set to permit the member Il under the action of the spring-plate 84, keeping a predetermined mini mum rdistance v from the rear end sAlia of the,

upper Wall of the casing 48. A pointer B2 is secured to the shaft lli and is moved over a calibrated scale 8l so that any required opening of the slit,o orifice, c? can be obtained by setting the said pointer on the said scale. This arrangement permits the slit. or orifice, cz to open automatically to allow of any irregularities in the material in process to pass therethrough without damaging the said material.

As before stated the pump V supplies the viscose, or other cellulosic solution, through a pipe v to the lower part of thereceptacle C. The forward and rearward casings 41 and v48, re'

spectively, constituting the lower part of the receptacle C are so' adapted that the viscose. or other cellulosic solution, supplied thereto by the pipe V is evenly delivered into the said receptacle at each side of the base material-A during its passage therethrough and means are provided whereby the head, or pressure, of the viscose, or

other cellulosic solution, in the casing 48 is controlled. This is shown in Figures 6, '75 and 8 as being effected by providing a chamber 64 at the end of the casing 48 through which the ends of the shafts 48 and 8| yproject and throuh which said chamber the said shafts also project. The interior of the chamber 84 is in communication with the interior of pipes Il and 88 which extend through the whole width of the interior of the casing 48 and are situated one above and h one beneath the base material A as shown more clearly in Figure 8. 'I'he viscose. 0r other celluf losic solution, is delivered by the pipe v into the chamber 84 and passes along passages therein surrounding the shafts. 48 and Il and from thence passes, as indicated by the arrows in Figure- '8, into the pipes Il and 8l from which it ultimately passes through orifices 88a and 88a of the converging walls I and I of the receptacle y in the respective pipes into the casing 48 at parts thereof above and beneath'the run of t base material A being drawn therethrough.y The vacuum created .by the air exhauster before referred to,` causes the viscose or other cellulosic solution. to pass above the sealing rollers D and D1 and into the space between the lower portions C and to gradually ascend therein until it reaches 'y the overflow pipe u. which conveys it back-to the supply and vacuum tank U. Some of the viscose. or other cellulosic solution, passes between the periphery of the sealing rollers D and D1 and the casings 41 and 48 within which they are mounted to above the said rollers an'd some of the said solution-passes by means of a by-pass pipe 81 in communication with the interior of the casing 48` direct into the space between the aforesaid converging walls of the receptacle C. `Durf ing the initial charging of the casing 48 with viscose, or other cellulosic solution, the air in the upper part of the said casing escapes throughvthe by-pass pipe 81 into the space between the converging walls of the receptacle C and is withdrawn therefrom by the action of thevacuum; likewise, any air; or gas, subsequently accumulated in the said upper part of the casing" is drawn by the action of the vacuum through the said by-pas's tube. The width of the base material A is less than the width of the sealing rollers D andDl so that the viscose, or other cellulosic solution,can pass between the end portions of the said rollers in the space not occupied bythe said material. 'I'he viscous nature of the viscose, or other cellulosic solution acts to seal the orices in the casing 48 through which the ends of the shafts 48 'and 5I project. The head, or pressure, of the L viscose, or other cellulosic solution within the casing 48 is so controlled as hereinafter described, that itvdoes not overcome the pressure of the counterbalanced arms 51 which normally act to keep theslit, or oriilce c open a predetermined distance as hereinbefore described, and the said head, or pressure, also acts to prevent air entering through the outlet slit, or orifice c into the interior of the casing 48 also to prevent leaklage, under normal working conditions, of the -viscasa or other cellulosic solution, between the longitudinal edges of the base material A and the sides of the said outlet slit, or orifice. This control of the head or pressure, ofthe viscose or other cellulosic-solution, is effected by means of a valvular device comprising a float chamber 88 'situated at the opposite side of the casing 48`tc that through whichthe viscose, or other celluv losic solution, is admitted to the said casing and from which casing .th`e .said solution passes through a passage k88 finto the said chamber. Within the chamber 681s a oat 10 to theupper end of which is secured a rod 1i slidable in a guide formed on the Iower part of a bracket 12 and connected to one end Vof a spring 13 the other end of which is connected to a screw 14 slidable in a guide formedinthe upper partof the said bracket and having a. nut 18 thereon'by means of which the tension of the spring can be adjusted.

Secured to, or formed in one with, the underside of the oat 18 is a hollow piston valve 16 slidable in a tubular piece 11 (see Figure 9) secured in a socket 18 in the bottom of the float chamber 88 and in communication, through a pipe line l 18, with the'interiorvof the upper portion of the supply tank U (see Figure 1). Communication between the interior of the float chamber 8'8 and the pipe line 19 is effected through ports 18a fin the hollow piston valve 1|, upper ports 11a in the tubular piece 11 and lcontrolled by the flower end of the saidhollow piston valve, an annular recess 18a formed in the socket 18 and lower ports 1 1b in the saidV tubular piece separated from the upper ports therein by a diaphragm 11c.` The spring 18 is so adjusted that when the vis-l cose, or other cellulosic solution, within the float fis chamber 88 is at a height in accordance with the required' head, or pressure, of the viscose, or other cellulosic solution, in the receptacle C, the

float 1li will be in such position that the ports 11a. will be half way open as shown in Figure 9 andI ports 11a and 11b from the said @oat chamberv into the pipe line 19 by the action of the vacuum created in the upper portionof the supply tank .U and the amount which overflows into the pipe u. When the aforesaid head, or pressure, of the viscose, or othercellulosic sblution, is increased the iioat 1li will ascend, due to the consequential Vas Figures 10 and 11. l connected by rods 8l which extend transversely higher level of the viscose or other cellulosic solution, in the float chamber 8l, and thev ports 11a will be opened further so that a greater quantity of the solution will be drawn therethrough by the action ofthe aforesaid vacuum until the normal head or pressure, of the viscose or other cellulosic solution is again restored. Vice versa, when the head, or'pressure, of the viscose, or other cellulosic solution, is reduced the float 10 will descend in the float chamber 88 and the ports 11a will be closed further so that a smaller quantity of the solution will be drawn therethrough by the action of the aforesaid vacuum until the normal head, or pressure,is again re'- stored.

The horizontal, or approximately horizontal, mechanism H is situated above the length of material in process passing between the outlet slit,

or orifice, c2 and the roller J in the trough I con-` taining the coagulating medium, as indicated in Figure l, and comprises a pair of endless. travelling chains 82 passed round pairs 'of sprocket wheels Il and 84 secured to shafts B0 and 8| rotated at therequiredspeed by any suitable means, each pair of the said sprocket wheels being situated adjacent to the respective longitudinal edges of the said material and at a suitable distance outwardly thereof as more clearly indicated in The pairs of chains 82 are of the material in process and the-endsthereof pass through the links of the respective chains and constitute'the pins thereof. Slidably mount-v ed on each of the rods and adjacent the longitudinal edges of the material in process is a pair oi' carriers '8l both of which are caused, at, the

proper times, to move simultaneously outwardly towards 'the longitudinal edges of the said material and inwardly away from the lsaid edges byy a pair'of spaced stationary cams 81 (encircling the chain ofrods I! and a portionof one of which is' shown in Figures 10 and l1) .of ring-like formation conforming, in side elevation, to the path of movement of the chains I2, withwhich cam guide rollers 8B on each of the said carriers engager' Pivotally ymounted on the outer portion of each of the carriers 8G are a number of holders u each provided with a pin Il and so adapted that successive pins on the lower run of carriers, upon towards the longitudinaledges-of the material in process, as shown more clearly in Figure 10, so that when the said pointshave penetrated the `rip-turned portions A2 of the said edges, as indicated Figure 14, further movement of the carriers I towards the latter causes the holders 89, by reason of the resistance to stretch of the said material in process, 'to turn on their pivots 9| so that the said pins assume a more vertical position and in consquence turn the said edges downinto the plane of `the said material, as indicated in Figure l5. If desired, means, such for example as the screws 92 more clearly shown in Figures 10 and l5, may be 4provided for adjusting'the inclination, or the angular movement, of the holders 89. The lower run of the mechanism H with a length of the material in process supfported thereby, extends horizontally, or approximately horizontally, to any desired distance into the upper part of vthe trough I containing the coagulating medium the level of which is such that/1f ,f

, medium in the trough I, for example this may be eifected as diagrammatically indicated in Figure 1, wherein the medium is continuously forced by a pump 93 from a container 94 into a pipe 95 -which delivers it into the said trough, from which bath the said medium overflows through a pipe 96, thevinlet of which is at the reguired level,

back tothe said container, preferably through a filter indicated at 81, within the container. -The` stationary cam rings 81 may be secured to, or be supported by any suitable means, and are preferably movable laterally so that they can be adjusted to suit the width of the material in process. The guide rollers 8B' during the traverse of the lower run of the carriers 86 run along an outwardly inclined portion 81a of each ofthe cam rings 81, as shown in Figure 11, so that the said carriers are thereby moved towards the longitudinal edges of the material in process and effectnthe stretchingor tensioning thereof, as aforesaid, they thenA run along a portion 81h of each of the said cam rings adjacent to and parallel with the said edges which maintains .the said carriers in the stretching or tensioning position, until they run along an inwardly inclined portion 81o of the said cam Vrings which cause the said carriers to move away from the saidlongitudinal edges and thereby free the said edges from the pins Oil. The guide rollers 8B of the retracted carriers Bl then'runralong the return and `upper run 81d of each of the cam rings 81 until they again run along the -lower run of each I of thesaid cams whereupon the aforesaid movements are repeated. The outwardly projecting parallel portion 81h of. each of the cam rings 81 is of substantial length so that the maior portion of the length of the material in process passing between the outlet slit, or orifice c2 and the roller J in the trough I is maintained under tension, or stretched laterally without shrinkage. 'I'he upper and lower runs ofthe chains B2 may bes'up; v

ported on rails l! (see Figures 1, 10, and 11) through the interposition of hollow anti-friction rollers," betweenthe links of the chains and through which the ends'of the rods -pass. l The devices G for turningup the longitudinal edgei of the material in process, asaforesaid, consist of a pair of horizontal, or approximatelyv horizontal, endless travelling devices situated at a suitable distance apart to shafts |02 and |03 rotated. at the required speed, by anysuitabi means. Passing round each pair oii sprocket wheels |00 and |0i is an endless chain |04 the links oi-the respective chains of which are connected by tubes |05 constitutingthe pins of the said links. Sldable within each of the tubes,

|05V is a bar |00 having adiustably mounted on its inner end a plate 0 1 which, at the proper time, acts'to turn up'the longitudinal edge of the material in process. Secured to the ends of each of the. tubes |05 are collars |00 each provided with'a .pair of rollers '|09.which support and guide the said bar during its movement in the saidtube. A spring H0, having one end attached to the outer end of the bar |06 and its other end attached to the collar |08 on the outer end of the tube |05 appertaining thereto, acts at the .proper time, to move the said bar towards the longitudinal edge of the material in process 25. with sufficient force to cause the plate- |01 on its inner end to engage the said edge. Encircling each chain of'tubes' |05 is a stationary cam III of ring-like formation conforming, im side elevation, to the path of movement of the chain of tubes with which cam studs il! secured tov the bars l|06 and projecting through slots ill in the said tubes are caused to bear by the action oi' the springs H0'. vDuring the traverse of the. v

pair of endless, chains ofv tubes |00, the bars |08 onlthe upper run thereof are in transverse or approximately transverse alignment, with the material in process, and they are permitted' to advance under the action oftheir vsprings H0,

lso that the plates II'I thereon engage (asJ shown .m in Figure 12) the longitudinal edges. ofthe said material, by'an inwardlyinclined portion lila o f the upper run of' each of the respective cam -rings lil along which inclined portion the pins Il! `successively bearl during a portion of the said traverse of the lendless chains oi' tubes.v

When theplates |01 are in engagemert with a portion of the longitudinal edge of the material in process, ,as shown in .12, the tubes l0! appel-taining thereto ride over a pair o or stationary cams m which act to raise slightly the upper run of the endless chain of tubes I 05 and the bars III together th the plates |01 thereon, so that a projection 1a on each of the plaies acts to turn up that portion of the longitudinal edse of said material in process withwhich it is engaged as shown in Figures 10, 13, 14 and 17, whereupon the before mentioned pins ll'oi' the mechanism H engage the' 'said turned-up portion *A* tofeect the .stretching ori-tensioning of the material in process as aforesaid. Further traverse of the endless chain of tubes |00 then causes the studs H2 Vof the bars IOI1to'engage an'outwardly inclined portion iilb of the upper run of the respective cam rings g5 I which causes the said bars to return. in opposition to the actim of the springs I I0.- to their inoperative position in which. position they are retained by the said cams until, by the continued traverse of the said endless chain of tubes.

portion Illa ofthe respective cam rings whereupon the aforesaid movements of the reipective turn-up devices are repeated. Lateral movement of the upper and lower runs ofthe rpective endlessphain of tubes |00 may be prevented Vby guide raus lis with which the inner sides .ofthe collars |08 engage during the traverse of the said chain of tubes, the lower of the said guide rails act also as a support for the lower run of the said endless chain of. tubes.

'I'he positions of the operative portions of the stationary camrings 81 and relatively to each other are such that when the plates |0`| have operated to turn-up the longitudinal edges of the material inv process,the pins 90 then engage and penetrate the said turned-up edges.

By the method of manufacturing. the material .according to this invention the said material is producedffree from blemishes such, for example as the aforesaid stains which resulted, in the.

method hitherto adopted, fromthe immersion of the aforesaid lateral-tensioning or stretchi mechanism in the coagulating bath.

y 'Ihe produced material is eminently suited for the use as, for the purpose of,.or in the .production of book cloth, oil-cloth, commonly known as American cloth, articial leather, and wallcovering and mayvbe'gsubjected, before or after washing or to any process, or treatment, that may be desirable for the purposes mentioned or for the particular purpose and use it is to be put.

What I claim. is:- 4

l. Apparatus for producing improved material -lmpregnated with cellulose, comprising a receptacle containing cellulose solution into which.

material to be treated is fed, said receptacle having an outlet', a coagulating hath, and endless horizontally travellingmechanism which acts to draw the material in process through the outlet of said receptacle and torniaintain it under lateral tension during its passage towards and through said bath, said mechanism being adap'ted so that onlythe extremities of elements thereon which engage the edgesv of said material iny process, and the said material itself, are immersed in said bath.

2. Apparatus for producing material' impregnated with'cellulose, comprising a coagulating bath, a receptacle containing cellulosic solution having a'rolieri'or feeding the base material to be treated into said receptacle. said receptacle having an outlet,- sealing rollers adjacent the outlet of said receptacle through which the material in process is drawn by endless horizontally travelling mechanism which acts to stretch it laterallyduring its passage from said outlet towards and through said coagulating bath,- the longitudinal edges of said material in process being held by'pins on saidl mechanism the extremities otwhich, and the material in process itself only are immersed in said bath, means for `to which n forcing cellulose solution vinto said receptacle, and

means for maintaining a vacuum in the space in said receptcle between said feeding roller and the cellulosic solution.

3. Apparatus for producing a material impregnated with cellulosefcomprising in combination,-

an approximately Vvertical receptacle containing v cellulosic solution, a roller for feeding base material to be treated into said receptacle, sealing rollers adjacent the lower end of said receptacle,

acasingvconstitutlng a horizontal extension at the lower-part of and in communication with the studs ill again engage the inwardly inclined said receptacle and having atits rearend. an

for maintaining vacuum in ,the space between said feeding rollerand the cellulosic solution/ira" K nated with cellulose, comprising in combination,

a receptacle containingv cellulosic solution, a feeding roller rotatably mounted in said receptacle, said receptacle having an inlet for the passage of the material in process and an outlet through which said' material in process is led, said roller being substantially longer than the width of said inlet and comprising a shaft, discs, and resilient material on said shaftclamped between said discs, means for forcing cellulosic solution into said receptacle, means for maintaining vacuum in the space between said feeding roller and the cellulosic solution in said receptacle, a coagulating bath through which the material in process is drawn from said orifice, and an approximatelyA horizontally travelling mechanism mounted above said coagulating medium for maintaining the said material under tension laterally during its passage from said outlet oriilceV towards and through said trough without any substantial part of the said mechanism contacting with the said coagulating bath.

5. Apparatus for producing a material impregnated with cellulose, comprising in combination,

a receptacle having an outlet and containing cellulosic solution, `va roller for feeding base material to be treated into said receptacle, a compensating roller in said receptacle'in engagement with said base material from said feeding roller, a differential gear for rotating said feeding roller,

and means actuated by said compensating roller and coacting with said differential gear whereby the speed of rotation of said feeding roller is varied automatically to compensate for any variation from the normal rate of travel of the material in process, a coagulating bath through which the material in process is drawn from said receptacle, and an approximately horizontally travellingmechanism mounted above said coagulating bath for stretching said material in process under tension laterally during its passage towards and through said coagulating bath without any substantial part of the said mechanismrcontacting with the said coagulating bath. t

6. Apparatus for producing a material impregnated with cellulose, comprising in combination, a receptacle having an` outlet and containing cellulosic solution, a roller for feeding base material to be treated into said receptacle, a compensating r'oller in said receptacle in. engagement with said base material from said feeding roller, a differential gear, discs associated with said4 differential t gear, brakes adapted to engage said discs respectively, an electric circuit controlling said brakes, a pivotal mounting' for (said compensating roller, and a switch actuated by pivotal movement of said compensating roller for energizing said circuit to apply said brakes selectively to said differential gear discs and thereby vary the speed of rotation of said feeding roller, a coagulating bath through which the material in process is'drawn from said receptacle, and an approximately horizontally travelling tensioning mechanism mounted above said coagulating bath for tensioning the Aconstituting an extension thereof, one `side wall of said casing having a socket, and the opposite wall having a chamber formed, therein in communication with the interior of said receptacle, and a shaft in said casing having one end mounted in said socket and the other end passing through said chambena sealing roller mounted on said shaft, means for forcing cellulosic solution into said receptacle, means for maintaining vacuum in the space between said feeding roller and-the cellulosic solution in said receptacle, a coagulating bath through which saidmaterial in process is drawn, and an approximately horizontally travelling tensioning mechanism mounted above said coagulating bath for'tensionig said lmaterial din process laterally during its passage towards and .through said coagulating bath without any substantial part of said mechanism contacting with said coagulating bath.

lat

ceptacle sealing rollers in said casing, one side wall .of said casing having a chamber formed therein in communication with the interior of said receptacle, said chamber having passages therein, pipes extending transversely through said receptacle and having orifices therein, means for passing material in process substantially horlzontally between said pipes, and means for passing cellulosic solution under pressure into said chamber, whereby said cellulosic solution passes along said passages into said pipes and through said orifices into said casing above and beneath the substantially horizontal run of the material in process therein.

9. Apparatus for producing material impregnated with cellulose, comprising in` combination,

. an approximately vertical receptacle having an outletv and containing cellulosic solution, a roller for feeding base material to be treated into said receptacle, sealingrollers adjacent the lower end y of said receptacle, a chamber adjacent said sealing rollers through which material Ain process passes therefrom, means for forcing cellulosic solution into said chamber under-pressure, a sup- `ply tank. an overflow pipe connecting said tank and said receptacle, and means associated with said tank and said pipe for `maintaining subatmospheric pressure in said receptacle, whereby cellulosic solution 'vffrom said chamber isl caused to pass above the sealing rollers into the receptacle and ascend therein to said overow'pipe, valve means for controlling the pressure of the cellulosic solution in said receptacle and said casing, a coagulating bath through which the material in process is drawn, and an endless horizontally travelling mechanism mounted above l'said coagulating' bath which acts to draw the material in process through the outlet of said receptacle and to maintain it under `lateral ten-

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