USRE1163E - Improvement in cotton-gins - Google Patents

Description

L. CAMPBELL Cotton G'in.

No. 1,163. y VRe'issuedv April 2, l|861.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEONAED CAMPBELL, OE OOLU'MBUs, Mississirri, AssieNoB rro L. GAMB- BELL AND fr. w. BBOwN.

IMPROVEMENT IN COTTON-GINSQ Specilcation forming part of Letters Patent No. 12,894, dated May 22, 1855; -Reissuc Nol 1,163, dated April 2,1861.

To ail whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD CAMPBELL, of Columbus, in the county of Lowndes and State of Mississippi, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cotton-Gins; and l do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, i'orminga part of this speciiication,in which- Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section; Fig. 2, an end elevation, and Fig. 3 a plan or top view, the cover and hopper of the gin being removed.

Similar letters of vreference in each of the several figures indicate corresponding parts.

The nature of my invention consists,rst, in ginning the cotton, stretching and straight- `ening its ber, and combing it at one continuous operation by means of a combination of the gin-saws, two brush-cylinders, and a stationary brush-bar, substantially as hereinafter described.

lt consists, second, in the use of a stationary brush-bar, in combination with an upper rotary brush, substantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinafter described.

It consists, third, in the employment of a combined mote and cotton discharge board constructed of two planes placed at certain `angles or in certain relative positions to each other, as will be hereinafter described. I

It consists, fourth, in the employment of a wind and guard plate, G, in combination with the brush F, that takes the cotton from the gin-saws, substantially in. the manner hereinafter described.

It consists, fth, in the combination of the gin-saw, the brushes, the brush-bar, the di- Ivision wind-board, the perforated concave, the wind and guard plate, and cotton-separating board, substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, l will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

'A represents the main frame of the machine; B, the shaft, to which the gin-saws a are secured. rlhe saws A rotate between the ribs C, the lower ends of which rest against the boX D, while the upper ends are hinged to the frame A at b.

F is a brush-cylinder, the brushes of which overlap the saws a. and pick the cotton from the saws when the machine is in operation.

E is another brushseylinder, whose brushes arein contact with those of the cylinder F. The cylinders E F rotate in the same directions, as shown by arrows in Fig. 1, and the upper one, E, of the cylinders is made ofa greater diameter than the lower one, F, while the driving-pulleys of both cylinders are of the same diameter.

It should be observed that both of the brushcylinders are thickly clothed all'around with short stubby bristles, and that the cylinder E is located on top of cylinder F, so that it acts down upon it. By this construction and arrangement the cotton not only is stripped from brush-cylinder F by brush-cylinder E, but also has its fiber carded and straightened before it is allowed to discharge. lf the brushes were on the same horizontal line, and one thinly clothed with bristles, as in Sherrards patent of 1844, the cylinders could not act down upon one another while the stripping is being accomplished, nor could they retain the cotton long enough to card and straighten its fiber. All they coulddo would be to deliver the cotton from the saw in a kinky condition, for the stripping-brush with four arms would act simply as a knocker or blower ihr periodically th-rowing off the cotton from the brush which takes the cotton from the saws.

H is a concave, made of wire-work, for the cylinder F to revolve in. rlhis concave retains the cotton, but allows the trash, Src., to escape. At the upper end of the concave is placed a curved plate, which is about six I inches in width, and extends from end to end of the concave. This plate is solid, and serves to close up the perforations of the concave H from the point S to the point t, and thus preventing a current ofwind from being blown through said perforations, and to give directions to a current of wind which aids in giving direction to the cotton after it is taken from the saws. The current of wind caused by cylinder or brush F would be blown through the perforations concave; but, as said concave is perforated bctween the points s t, the difiiculty from theinfluence ofthe wind, in the manner just stated, upon the cotton would be experienced if thc wind-board G. were not placed over the per.

forations ofthe concavein the manner shown.

I represents a brush-bar placed transversely in the frame A. Its brushes are in contact with those of the cylinder E, and when the latter operate on the former they tend tocomb the fibers ofthe cotton which have become entangled by the operation of ginning. The cylinder E is separated from the gin-saws by the board G, for the purpose of preventing` any current of air arising from the rotation of said cylinder from reaching the gin-saws c, which might have the effect of blowing the ginned cotton back on the said saws. J represents a mote-board, placed within the'frame A at its rear end. This 1note-board is formed of tw'o planes, de, one of which, d, is slightly inclined, forming a small angle with a vertical line. The other incline is at an angle of about fortyfive degrees.

All the parts above described, with the eX ception of the driving-pulleys, are inclosed within a box, S', of the usual or most approved construction. The pulleys which impart to the saws and cylinders their rotating motions with their 4relative velocities are secured to their shafts outside of the frame and box of the machine. l

Theoperation of the machine is as follows: The cotton is fed into the box D through the opening c, and motion is given to the sawshaft B and brush-cylindersE F in any proper manner, the saws and cylinder rotating in the direct-ion indicated bythe arrows. The brushcylinder F picks the cotton from the saws a and carries it around to the brush E, the cotton being kept between the points s t by the solid plate or blast cutoff G and the direction given to the current of air by said plate. Beyond the point s the cotton is prevented from detaehing itself from cylinder F bythe the brush-bar I. The cotton, with its :ber l carded, straightened, and combed, is thrown by the brush-cylinder E from the brushlbarl against the mote-board J, and at this point 'the motes, by their superior gravity and the position of the plane d, pass under the plane e, while the cotton, owingto its being specically lighter than the motes, passes u p the plane d and over the plane c.

By my invention a'far more valuable staple is produced than has heretofore been produced by the usual cotton-gins.

YNVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. Ginning the cotton, stretching and straightening its ber', and combing the same at onev continuous operation by means of a combination of the ginsaws c, brush-cylinders E F, and stationary brush-bar I, substantially in the manner herein described.

2. The use of a stationary brush-bar in combination with the brush-cylinder E, substantially inthe manner and for the purpose described. y

3. The employment of a combined mote and cotton discharge board constructed of two planes placed at certain angles or in certain relative positions to each other, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

et. The employment of a wind and guard plate, G, in combination with the brush F, that takes the cotton from the gin-saws, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination of the gin-saws, the brushes, the v,brush-bar,` the division windboard, the perforated concave, the wind and guard plate, and the combined mote and cotton separating board, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

v LEONARD CAMPBELL. Vitnesses:

STEPHEN A. BnowN,

DANIEL WILLIAMS..

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