USH783H - Telescope with improved mirror support - Google Patents
Telescope with improved mirror support Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USH783H USH783H US07/456,898 US45689889A USH783H US H783 H USH783 H US H783H US 45689889 A US45689889 A US 45689889A US H783 H USH783 H US H783H
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- primary mirror
- mirror
- axis
- support member
- telescope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/183—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors specially adapted for very large mirrors, e.g. for astronomy, or solar concentrators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
- G02B23/06—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors having a focussing action, e.g. parabolic mirror
Definitions
- This invention relates to supports for telescope mirrors.
- the secondary mirror in a Cassegrain telescope is held in place by the use of large, hollow beams arranged to form a three or four legged spider. These beams are high in mass and obscure a significant amount of light which would otherwise fall on the primary mirror.
- a Cassegrain telescope presents severe optical baffling and secondary mirror support requirements, especially in moderate to narrow field-of-view designs with small focal ratios and the use of large support beams makes matters worse.
- Optical baffling is also a severe problem with this type of telescope.
- Some designs use a cylindrical baffle which extends from the primary mirror in a direction parallel to the axis of the primary mirror to a point beyond the secondary mirror. This cylindrical baffle is difficult to support and adds weight to the system.
- a Cassegrain telescope having a primary mirror having an aperture centered on the axis thereof and a secondary mirror spaced from the primary mirror and centered on the axis of the primary mirror for receiving reflected light from the primary mirror and reflecting it through the aperture in the primary mirror.
- a support member extends from the primary mirror support structure to the secondary mirror, the support member being in the form of a conical honeycomb having cells extending in a direction parallel to the axis of the primary mirror.
- the support member is made from a carbonized polymeric material.
- FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view showing the conical configuration of the secondary mirror support of this invention.
- FIG. 2 is a fragmentary cross sectional view taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1 showing the honeycomb structure of the mirror support.
- a Cassegrain telescope having a primary mirror 11 having a concave surface 12 which collects light, represented by rays 14 in FIG. 1, from a distant source and reflects this light to a secondary mirror 13 having a convex surface of a known type.
- the secondary mirror is centered on the axis 16 of the primary mirror and is spaced from the primary mirror 11 to reflect light from the surface 12 through a central aperture 17 in the primary mirror 11, this central aperture 17 being centered on the axis 16 of the primary mirror.
- reflected light from the secondary mirror forms an image at a point behind the primary mirror in a well known manner.
- the primary mirror 11 is supported by a structure 20, shown schematically in FIG. 1, of a type which is well known.
- the structure 20 can be moved in a known manner to aim the telescope at whatever object is to be observed.
- the secondary mirror 13 is attached to and supported in the position shown by a conical support member 21 which is secured to and carried by the primary mirror support structure 20.
- the support member 21 is made up of walls 24 which form cells 25 which extend in a direction parallel to the axis of the primary mirror 11.
- the cells 25 should have a length of about 10 centimeters.
- the cell size, from one wall to the wall on the other side of the cell may be, for a narrow field of view, as small as one millimeter. Of course, the cell size may be larger, depending on the load that the support member 21 must carry.
- the cell wall thickness may be as small as a fraction of a millimeter.
- the honeycomb support member 21 is made from a carbonized polymeric material which is preferably filled with chopped glass fibers for added strength.
- the support member 21 may be made by providing a form or mold of suitable configuration and then pouring a polymeric material such as polyester or epoxy resin containing glass fibers into the mold. The resin is then cured in a well known manner to solidify the resin. The solidified resin is then removed from the mold and placed in an oven and heated to carbonize the resin. This is a known process.
- the cross sectional size and length of the cells and the polymeric material from which the support member is made are selected to provide the desired mix of stiffness, lower frequency cutoff in the diffraction pattern created by the support member, acceptable vignetting, acceptable mass and on-axis obscuration.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Telescopes (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
A Cassegrain telescope having a primary mirror having an aperture centeredn the axis thereof and a secondary mirror spaced from the primary mirror and centered on the axis of the primary mirror for receiving reflected light from the primary mirror and reflecting it through the aperture in the primary mirror and a support member extending from the primary mirror support structure to the secondary mirror. The support member is in the form of a conical honeycomb having cells extending in a direction parallel to the axis of the primary mirror. The support member is made from a carbonized polymeric material.
Description
The invention described herein may be manufactured, used and licensed by or for the Government for governmental purposes without the payment to me of any royalties thereon.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to supports for telescope mirrors.
2. Prior Art
In present practice the secondary mirror in a Cassegrain telescope is held in place by the use of large, hollow beams arranged to form a three or four legged spider. These beams are high in mass and obscure a significant amount of light which would otherwise fall on the primary mirror. A Cassegrain telescope presents severe optical baffling and secondary mirror support requirements, especially in moderate to narrow field-of-view designs with small focal ratios and the use of large support beams makes matters worse.
Optical baffling is also a severe problem with this type of telescope. Some designs use a cylindrical baffle which extends from the primary mirror in a direction parallel to the axis of the primary mirror to a point beyond the secondary mirror. This cylindrical baffle is difficult to support and adds weight to the system.
A Cassegrain telescope having a primary mirror having an aperture centered on the axis thereof and a secondary mirror spaced from the primary mirror and centered on the axis of the primary mirror for receiving reflected light from the primary mirror and reflecting it through the aperture in the primary mirror. A support member extends from the primary mirror support structure to the secondary mirror, the support member being in the form of a conical honeycomb having cells extending in a direction parallel to the axis of the primary mirror. The support member is made from a carbonized polymeric material.
FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view showing the conical configuration of the secondary mirror support of this invention.
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary cross sectional view taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1 showing the honeycomb structure of the mirror support.
Referring now in detail to the drawing, there is shown a Cassegrain telescope having a primary mirror 11 having a concave surface 12 which collects light, represented by rays 14 in FIG. 1, from a distant source and reflects this light to a secondary mirror 13 having a convex surface of a known type. The secondary mirror is centered on the axis 16 of the primary mirror and is spaced from the primary mirror 11 to reflect light from the surface 12 through a central aperture 17 in the primary mirror 11, this central aperture 17 being centered on the axis 16 of the primary mirror. reflected light from the secondary mirror forms an image at a point behind the primary mirror in a well known manner.
The primary mirror 11 is supported by a structure 20, shown schematically in FIG. 1, of a type which is well known. The structure 20 can be moved in a known manner to aim the telescope at whatever object is to be observed.
The secondary mirror 13 is attached to and supported in the position shown by a conical support member 21 which is secured to and carried by the primary mirror support structure 20. The support member 21 is made up of walls 24 which form cells 25 which extend in a direction parallel to the axis of the primary mirror 11.
When the primary mirror is about three meters in diameter and the secondary mirror is spaced about five meters from the primary mirror, the cells 25 should have a length of about 10 centimeters. The cell size, from one wall to the wall on the other side of the cell may be, for a narrow field of view, as small as one millimeter. Of course, the cell size may be larger, depending on the load that the support member 21 must carry. The cell wall thickness may be as small as a fraction of a millimeter.
The honeycomb support member 21 is made from a carbonized polymeric material which is preferably filled with chopped glass fibers for added strength. The support member 21 may be made by providing a form or mold of suitable configuration and then pouring a polymeric material such as polyester or epoxy resin containing glass fibers into the mold. The resin is then cured in a well known manner to solidify the resin. The solidified resin is then removed from the mold and placed in an oven and heated to carbonize the resin. This is a known process.
Light from a distant object being observed will enter the telescope along paths parallel to the axis of the primary mirror and will thus pass unobstructed, except for the cross sectional area of the support member, through the support member 21 to strike the primary mirror 11. Light entering the telescope at other angles will strike the walls 24 of the support member 21 and be reflected back and forth from wall to wall in passing through the cells. This will absorb and thus baffle this light. Also, the fact that the support member is made from a carbonized polymeric material assures that ay off-axis light will be better absorbed, since the carbonized material of the member 21 will be very black.
The cross sectional size and length of the cells and the polymeric material from which the support member is made are selected to provide the desired mix of stiffness, lower frequency cutoff in the diffraction pattern created by the support member, acceptable vignetting, acceptable mass and on-axis obscuration.
Claims (5)
1. A telescope, comprising
a. a primary mirror having a central axis and a central aperture centered on said axis,
b. a secondary mirror spaced from and positioned on the axis of the primary mirror to receive reflected light from the primary mirror and reflect it through the central aperture in the primary mirror,
c. means for supporting the primary mirror, and
d. a conical support member attached to the primary mirror support means for supporting the secondary mirror, said conical member being in the form of a honeycomb having therein openings extending in a direction parallel to said axis.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein the openings are hexagonal in cross section.
3. The device of claim 3 wherein the conical support is made from a carbonized polymeric material.
4. The device of claim 3 wherein the polymeric material is a polyester resin.
5. The device of claim 3 wherein the polymeric material is an epoxy resin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/456,898 USH783H (en) | 1989-12-26 | 1989-12-26 | Telescope with improved mirror support |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/456,898 USH783H (en) | 1989-12-26 | 1989-12-26 | Telescope with improved mirror support |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USH783H true USH783H (en) | 1990-06-05 |
Family
ID=23814591
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/456,898 Abandoned USH783H (en) | 1989-12-26 | 1989-12-26 | Telescope with improved mirror support |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | USH783H (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5760979A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1998-06-02 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Reflecting optical apparatus |
| US6259558B1 (en) * | 1997-12-21 | 2001-07-10 | Contraves Space Ag | Device for the directional transmission and the directional reception of modulated light waves |
| US6483530B2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-11-19 | Xerox Corporation | Cast honeycomb structure with integral damping for ROS platform |
| US20050013022A1 (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2005-01-20 | Eyesee360, Inc. | Apparatus for mounting a panoramic mirror |
| US20050088734A1 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2005-04-28 | The Boeing Company | Autonomously assembled space telescope |
| US7274507B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2007-09-25 | Raytheon Company | Two-mirror telescope with central spider support for the secondary mirror |
| GB2437316A (en) * | 2006-04-22 | 2007-10-24 | Zeiss Carl Optronics Gmbh | Telescope for optical free space communication |
| US20100123951A1 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-20 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Low background flux telescope |
-
1989
- 1989-12-26 US US07/456,898 patent/USH783H/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5760979A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1998-06-02 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Reflecting optical apparatus |
| US6259558B1 (en) * | 1997-12-21 | 2001-07-10 | Contraves Space Ag | Device for the directional transmission and the directional reception of modulated light waves |
| US6483530B2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-11-19 | Xerox Corporation | Cast honeycomb structure with integral damping for ROS platform |
| US20050013022A1 (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2005-01-20 | Eyesee360, Inc. | Apparatus for mounting a panoramic mirror |
| US7399095B2 (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2008-07-15 | Eyesee360, Inc. | Apparatus for mounting a panoramic mirror |
| US20050088734A1 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2005-04-28 | The Boeing Company | Autonomously assembled space telescope |
| US7274507B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2007-09-25 | Raytheon Company | Two-mirror telescope with central spider support for the secondary mirror |
| GB2437316A (en) * | 2006-04-22 | 2007-10-24 | Zeiss Carl Optronics Gmbh | Telescope for optical free space communication |
| US20100123951A1 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-20 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Low background flux telescope |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THE, AS REPRESENTED BY T Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:005327/0283 Effective date: 19900510 |