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US999950A - Apparatus for use in administering anesthetics. - Google Patents

Apparatus for use in administering anesthetics. Download PDF

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Publication number
US999950A
US999950A US46584108A US1908465841A US999950A US 999950 A US999950 A US 999950A US 46584108 A US46584108 A US 46584108A US 1908465841 A US1908465841 A US 1908465841A US 999950 A US999950 A US 999950A
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Prior art keywords
gas
ethyl
chlorid
oxygen
pressure
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US46584108A
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Albert Berthelot
Pierre Rosenthal
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/12—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/01—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes specially adapted for anaesthetising
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
    • A61M16/16—Devices to humidify the respiration air
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
    • A61M16/0078—Breathing bags
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
    • A61M16/108—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature before being humidified or mixed with a beneficial agent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter

Definitions

  • the apparatus :forming invention is'intended to bring about .gen-
  • the chlorid of ethyl is normally in a liquid state, but is capableoi being converted into gas at a not very high temperature, about 12.
  • the receptacle containingliquid chlorid of ethyl is heated in order to convert it ,into gas in such conditions that the gaseous chlorid ot eth l is supplied with a sucient pressure in a ,sucient quantity to enable the pressure of the said gas to be regulated or adjusted at will to suit requirements.
  • A being provided with a cylinder of compressed oxygen the operator can advantageously utilize the said source of oxygen for supplying this pure gas to the patient in of ethyl is supplied.
  • FIG. l shows one form of apparatus according to this invention
  • Fig. 2 shows another Jform of apparatus
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views of an loutput indicator.
  • a compressed oxygen cylinder A and a cylinder vB containing ethyl chlorid ina liquid state are arranged in a frame comprising a base lvl and an upper plate N supported by uprights O.
  • the compressed oxygen cylinder A is provided with a pressure gage a of the. cylinder, and also with a regulator ZJ and its pressure gage c for indicating the reduced pressure.
  • the escape ofthe oxygen gas'talres -place through the conduit d on which is arranged. a micrometric adjustment passes into a wash bottle f.
  • ethyl chlorid is lprovided with the same aclator b with pressure gage c', conduit d for the escape of the gaseous chlorid of ethyl and micrometric screw valve fu for regulating the amount of gas passing int the washf bottle' f.
  • the ethyl chlorid cylinder B isv placed in a heating device C the object of which is to keep up a constant temperature of about 450 C. indicated on a thermometert. It is suf,-
  • escaping from the bottles f and j" pass into a joint wash bottle F, where they become mixed and thence escape ⁇ through a branch D and pass to the mask P through a very flexible rubber tube T.
  • the said rubber' tube although very flexible, must be sutil cientiy thick not'to become flattened by bending.
  • Branched on the said tube T is a bladder E of a very thin rubber, which permits easy breathing of the patient on whose face the mask is placed.
  • The' diameter of the tubes of the wash bottles must be sutliciently largeto enable the number of'bubbles to be counted, even with a strong supply of gas, and consequently the'proportion of the two gases to be seen at any moment. They form therefore output indicators.
  • the wash bottles f f F preferably contain water with a suitable proportion ot glycerin, 'which solution presents the gases when they splutter in the said liquid, while preventing them from carrying away an eX- cessire quantity of water.
  • the apparatus yshown in Fig. Q is'pracrThe cylinder ⁇ B which contains liquid icient" not to exceed the said temperature7 corresponding parts are marked in the sanie f time the operation begins.
  • wash bottles f f are replaced by one or the other of the output indicators G (Fig. 3) and lfl (Fig. It).
  • These output indicators G and Il consist of an air tight casing g or h provided with an inlet g2 or h2 and an outlet g3 or 71.3.
  • the inlet terminates in a nozzle g4 orz.4 in the interior of the casing G or H.
  • the nozzle g* or 7b4 is Anormally closed by a plate g5 or h5 mounted on Vthe end of a pivoted handl g or la which moves over a dial so that the pressure of the issuing gas on the plate g5 or h5 will indicate the output of the gas at each moment.
  • the lt is preferable to start the heater C a little before an operation, so that it should have reached a. suitable temperature by the
  • the oxygen heater and the ethyl chlorid cylinder ⁇ being each4 provided with an expansion apparatus having a inicr'ometric indicator, the .pressure oit' the chlorid of ethyl can be regulated lat will; for instance the pressure of the said gas may be equal to one-quarter of an atmosphere, so that the oxygen andl 4the ethyl chlorid should have the same pressure-When they arrive 'together at the mixing device F.
  • the apparatus according to this invention owing to the arrangement of. cocks with micromctric screws o and o make it possible to obtain the mixture of the two gases in any desired adjusted proportion shown ou the output indicators f and f or G H, 'as well to obtain one or the other of the two gases in a desired adjusted quantity, according to requirements.
  • a compressed gas recep-A tacle for each of' the said gases, a compressed gas recep-A tacle, its gas regulator, a branch pipe providedv with a nozzle, a micrometer screw valve arranged in each branch, an air tight casing wherein said nozzle is inclosed, a plate in front of the orifice of the nozzle, a dial, and an indicator associated therewith' and carrying said plate; and a common wash bottle at the end "of the said branch pipes, and provided with an. outlet branch.
  • An apparatus for producing general anesthesia comprising an ethyl chlorid receptacle; means for heating the same; an oxygen receptacle; and for each of the said gases, a gas regulator, a branch having'a nozzle, an airtight casing wherein said nozzle 1s lnclosed, a micrometer screw valve arranged in the branch, a plate located in front of the orifice of the nozzle', a dial, and anl indicator associated with the dia-l and carrying said plate; and a common wash bottle at the end of said two branches and having a single outlet branch provided with a bladder and a mask, said mask being located at the. end of the said outlet branch.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Description

A. BBRTHELOT n P. ROSENTHAL.
APPARATUS POR USB IN ADMINISTERING ANESTHETIGS.
APPLIGATION FILED 1330.3. 1908.
999,950D Patented Aug. s, 1911.
.case ot' danger as it is sufficient then to close the valve through which the gaseous ohlorld aaaase.
The apparatus :forming invention is'intended to bring about .gen-
vin accordance with requirements.
nur "en wir lo non.
ALBERT BERTHELT AND TEEBRE BASENEHAL, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.
.arr/fiestras non use in anrriiirssnains annsrnn'rrcs.
.application ee December, 3, 1808. Serial No. 465,841.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that we, ALBERT BERTHELOT and Prnnnn 'RosnN'rHAL, citizens of the French Republic, residing at Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Tur provenients lnApparatus for Use 1n Administering Anesthetics, of which the fol` lowing is a specification.
the subject of this eral anesthesia of a patientl by means of chlorid of ethyl, by using a mixture of chlorid of ethyl in gaseous state and of oxygen, the relative proportions of the two gases used,vbeing capable of being varied at will The chlorid of ethyl is normally in a liquid state, but is capableoi being converted into gas at a not very high temperature, about 12. The receptacle containingliquid chlorid of ethyl is heated in order to convert it ,into gas in such conditions that the gaseous chlorid ot eth l is supplied with a sucient pressure in a ,sucient quantity to enable the pressure of the said gas to be regulated or adjusted at will to suit requirements. AThe apparatus being provided with a cylinder of compressed oxygen the operator can advantageously utilize the said source of oxygen for supplying this pure gas to the patient in of ethyl is supplied. y
The construction ot the apparatus in question, will be clearly understood from the tot lowing description ,with4 reference to `the `accompanying drawings.
i which indicates the pressure in the interiorA Figure l shows one form of apparatus according to this invention, Fig. 2 shows another Jform of apparatus, and Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views of an loutput indicator.
In the construction shown in Fig. l, in a frame comprising a base lvl and an upper plate N supported by uprights O, are arranged a compressed oxygen cylinder A and a cylinder vB containing ethyl chlorid ina liquid state. The compressed oxygen cylinder A is provided with a pressure gage a of the. cylinder, and also with a regulator ZJ and its pressure gage c for indicating the reduced pressure. The escape ofthe oxygen gas'talres -place through the conduit d on which is arranged. a micrometric adjustment passes into a wash bottle f.
ethyl chlorid is lprovided with the same aclator b with pressure gage c', conduit d for the escape of the gaseous chlorid of ethyl and micrometric screw valve fu for regulating the amount of gas passing int the washf bottle' f.
The ethyl chlorid cylinder B isv placed in a heating device C the object of which is to keep up a constant temperature of about 450 C. indicated on a thermometert. It is suf,-
but the source of heat supplied by electricity, gas burner or in any other manner, must be suiiiciently powerful Ito enable the issuing pressure ofthe ethyl chl-orid gas to be maintained constant by quickly 4making up for the loss of heatdue to the passage from liquid to the `gaseous state. `In that way a -suliiciehtly high pressure ot the gas is' insui-ed for supplying sufcient quantities to -the apparatus.
Thel two gases, oxygen and ethyl chlrid,
. escaping from the bottles f and j" pass into a joint wash bottle F, where they become mixed and thence escape` through a branch D and pass to the mask P through a very flexible rubber tube T. The said rubber' tube, although very flexible, must be sutil cientiy thick not'to become flattened by bending. Branched on the said tube T is a bladder E of a very thin rubber, which permits easy breathing of the patient on whose face the mask is placed. f
The' diameter of the tubes of the wash bottles must be sutliciently largeto enable the number of'bubbles to be counted, even with a strong supply of gas, and consequently the'proportion of the two gases to be seen at any moment. They form therefore output indicators.
The wash bottles f f F preferably contain water with a suitable proportion ot glycerin, 'which solution meistens the gases when they splutter in the said liquid, while preventing them from carrying away an eX- cessire quantity of water.
tic-ally the same asf/jhst'desoribed, and the manner. .The only difference is that the,
screw valve v beyond which the oxygen' ccssories, namely a pressure gage a, regu-.
The apparatus yshown in Fig. Q, is'pracrThe cylinder` B which contains liquid icient" not to exceed the said temperature7 corresponding parts are marked in the sanie f time the operation begins.
wash bottles f f are replaced by one or the other of the output indicators G (Fig. 3) and lfl (Fig. It). These output indicators G and Il consist of an air tight casing g or h provided with an inlet g2 or h2 and an outlet g3 or 71.3. The inlet terminates in a nozzle g4 orz.4 in the interior of the casing G or H. The nozzle g* or 7b4 is Anormally closed by a plate g5 or h5 mounted on Vthe end of a pivoted handl g or la which moves over a dial so that the pressure of the issuing gas on the plate g5 or h5 will indicate the output of the gas at each moment. The constructions of the output indicators H and G shown in Figs. 3 and 4: have the advantage over the wash bottle f f of Fig. l, that they relieve the operator, regulating the supply of gas' of the necessity of counting the number of bubbles, the output of gas at both sides being indicated by the needle of the indicator G or H.
lt is preferable to start the heater C a little before an operation, so that it should have reached a. suitable temperature by the The oxygen heater and the ethyl chlorid cylinder` being each4 provided with an expansion apparatus having a inicr'ometric indicator, the .pressure oit' the chlorid of ethyl can be regulated lat will; for instance the pressure of the said gas may be equal to one-quarter of an atmosphere, so that the oxygen andl 4the ethyl chlorid should have the same pressure-When they arrive 'together at the mixing device F.
"The apparatus according to this invention, owing to the arrangement of. cocks with micromctric screws o and o make it possible to obtain the mixture of the two gases in any desired adjusted proportion shown ou the output indicators f and f or G H, 'as well to obtain one or the other of the two gases in a desired adjusted quantity, according to requirements.
lt will be understood that, if for any reason the operator Wants to supply oxygen quickly, he has merely to close the micros metric screw o and to open the screw v cor-v responding to the oxygen valve so that the 4said gas passes alone under a suitable pressure, to the mask P.
either a mixture of several gases'o'r either of the said gases alone,.comprising for each of' the said gases, a compressed gas recep-A tacle, its gas regulator, a branch pipe providedv with a nozzle, a micrometer screw valve arranged in each branch, an air tight casing wherein said nozzle is inclosed, a plate in front of the orifice of the nozzle, a dial, and an indicator associated therewith' and carrying said plate; and a common wash bottle at the end "of the said branch pipes, and provided with an. outlet branch.
2. An apparatus for producing general anesthesia comprising an ethyl chlorid receptacle; means for heating the same; an oxygen receptacle; and for each of the said gases, a gas regulator, a branch having'a nozzle, an airtight casing wherein said nozzle 1s lnclosed, a micrometer screw valve arranged in the branch, a plate located in front of the orifice of the nozzle', a dial, and anl indicator associated with the dia-l and carrying said plate; and a common wash bottle at the end of said two branches and having a single outlet branch provided with a bladder and a mask, said mask being located at the. end of the said outlet branch.
3. In an apparatus for administering anesthetics, the combination, with a gas receptacle-having a valved branch provided with a nozzle; oli an 'output indicator arrangedy in said branch and comprising an' airtight .casing wherein said nozzle is in closed, a plate arranged at the orice oit the nozzle, a dial, and an indicator associated` Copies at' this patent may he obtained for tveV cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Fatemi,
' Waahnmon, D. 3.
US46584108A 1908-12-03 1908-12-03 Apparatus for use in administering anesthetics. Expired - Lifetime US999950A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2461351A (en) * 1945-11-21 1949-02-08 Silverman Leslie Flowmeter
US2468896A (en) * 1940-04-15 1949-05-03 Rohn Wilhelm Instrument for measuring and indicating the intensity of gas currents
US2850897A (en) * 1955-06-24 1958-09-09 Bell & Gossett Co Flow meter with conical spring restriction
US6164319A (en) * 1997-04-04 2000-12-26 Cochran; David J. Automatic shut-off device for a pipe
US8267081B2 (en) 2009-02-20 2012-09-18 Baxter International Inc. Inhaled anesthetic agent therapy and delivery system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2468896A (en) * 1940-04-15 1949-05-03 Rohn Wilhelm Instrument for measuring and indicating the intensity of gas currents
US2461351A (en) * 1945-11-21 1949-02-08 Silverman Leslie Flowmeter
US2850897A (en) * 1955-06-24 1958-09-09 Bell & Gossett Co Flow meter with conical spring restriction
US6164319A (en) * 1997-04-04 2000-12-26 Cochran; David J. Automatic shut-off device for a pipe
US8267081B2 (en) 2009-02-20 2012-09-18 Baxter International Inc. Inhaled anesthetic agent therapy and delivery system

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