US993825A - Hydraulic clutch. - Google Patents

Description

P. CRAMBR.

HYDRAULIC CLUTCH.

APPLICATION FILED AUG,27,1910.

Patented May 30, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

mvENToR; l ama?, M% ATTORNE'YS WITNESSES:

P. CRAMER.

HYDRAULIC CLUTCH.

APPLICATION FILED Amm?, 1910.

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PHILIP? eRAMER, E NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

HYDRAULIC CLUTCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 30, 1911.

Application led August 27, 1910. Serial No. 579,246.

To all whom it may concern:

Be; Vit known that I, PHILIPP CRAMER, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing, at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain newl and `useful Improvements in Hydraulic Clutches; and I do hereby declare the following toy be a full, clear, and exact descriptionI ofthe invention, such as will enable others skillevdfin the art to which it appertains to lmake and use the same, reference ;.hydraulic pressure, and which-"is simplein its construction and operation, being at the same time very sensitive, so that the slighest increase or decrease of the hydraulic pressure is sufficient to throw in or out of opera- Soition .themeehanical elements of the clutch,

thus rendering` the clutch very rapid in its action, and in' its practical opcratlon being lnosteasily manipulated and controlled.

The present invention has for its further aaobjeettoprovide a construction of hydraulic clutch which is peculiarly adapted to obtain a quick reversal of the direction of revolution of shaft driven by means of the said clutch, whereby accurate and rapid reverstoxin movenientsof a driving shaft and mechanism driven from said shaft may be obtained.

Other objects of the present invention not at this time more particularly enumerated i 45, will be clearly understood from the following detailed description of the said invention.

lilith the various objects of the said invention in view, the invention consists, primarily, in the` novel construction of hydraulic clutch hereinafter set forth; and, the said invention consists, furthermore, in the several novel arrangements and combinations of the various devices and parts, as well as in the details of the construction of the said parts, all of which ywill be more particularly described in the following-specification, and

then finally embodied in the clauses of the claim which are appended to and which form an essential part of this specification. The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure ly is a longitudinal vertical section of a hydraulic clutch-mechanism showing one embodiment of the principles of the present invention; Fig. 2is a detail face view of a binder-ring, illustratingthe relation` thereto of a fr1ction clutch-ring; and Fig.- 3 is a detail transverse sectional representation, taken on line 3-3 in said Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow Similar characters of reference are employed in the said above described views, to indicate corresponding parts.

Referring now to the said figures of the drawings, the reference-character 1 indi- Cates a suitable shaft which is provided withV a pair of longitudinally extending fluidconducting passages or du'cts, indicated respectively by the reference-characters 2 and 3. The said du'ct or passage 2 is provided at one end with ri ht-angled extensions or inlet ducts 4 which ead to the outer surface- Vportions of the said shaft. Similarly, the

said duct or passa e 2 `provided at its opposite end with rlght-angled extensions or outlet-ducts5 also leading to the outer surface of the. said shaft l. The said duct or passage 3 terminates in the end of said shaft 1, formin at such point, an inlet or mouth 6, and sai duct or passage 3 being provided at its opposite/end" with right-angled extensions or outlet ducts 7 which lead to the outer surface of the said shaftl. Mounted upon said shaft, and secured thereon bymeans of its hub-portion 8 is a clutch-disk 9, said disk being provided upon each of its outer faces with an annular rib or shoulder 10 which is concentric with the said hub, and upon its outer peripheral edges the said disk is provided with slightly larger ribs or shoulders l1. Arranged upon each of the said outer faces of the said clutch-disk i), between the said above-mentioned inner and outer ribs olshoulders 10 and 11, respectively, are snita whibh are arranged in such 4a manner so that the respective inner and outer peripheries thereof abut upon the respective annular ribs or shoulders 10 and 11. The inner periphery of the said respective diaphragmmembers 19, and 13 are bound or retained in formed diaphragm-members 12 and 18v operative relation to said clutch-disk 9 by means of the respective inner binder-rings 14 and 15 which are each provided with a con centric groove or channel 16 adapted to dovetail over and upon said annular rib or shoulder 10, whereby a shoulder 17 of each binder-ring may be brought into binding or gripping engagement with the inner peripheral portions of the respective diaphragm- members 12 and 13. The said binderrings 14 and 15 may be retained in their binding or gripping positions by means of suitable fastening devices, suoli as ordinary screws, stud-screws, bolts, or the like, whereby the said binder-rings may be tightly drawn in connection with said clutch-disk 9. Similarly, 'the outer peripheral portions of the respective diaphragm- members 12 and 13 are bound 0r retained in operative relation to said clutch-disk 9', by means of the respective outer' binder- rings 18 and 19, which are each provided with an inwardly extending shoulder 20 adapted to be brought into binding or gripping engagement with the outer peripheral portions ofthe said diaphragm- members 12 and 13. The said binderrings 18 and 19 are retained in their respect-ive binding or gripping positions by means of any suitable fastening devices, such as screws 21, whereby the said binder-riif1gsl may be tightly drawn in connection with said elutch-disk 9. The said clutch-disk is further provided with suitably' disposed Huid-conducting passages or ducts 22 The said ducts or passages 22 are further provided with outlet portions 23 which lead out to the side face of the said clutch-disk 9, and in back of said diaphragm-member 12, so as to bring or convey oil, or some other suitable fluid, under pressure, against the said diaphragm-member 12 so as to actuate' the same in the manner presently more fully set forth. lfn like manner, the said elutch disk 9 is further provided in. its main body with another set of suitably disposed ducts or fiuidfconveying passages 24, the inlet portions of whichconnect and register with vthe.

previously mentioned outlet -duets 7. The said duets or passages 24 are Vfurther .provided with outlet portions 25 which lead out to the side face of the cluteli-disk 9, and in back of the diaphragm-member 13 ,so as to bring o r convey oil, or some other suitable fiuid, under pressure, against the said diaphragm-member 13 to actuatethe same,in the manner to be presently set forth. The said binder- rings 18 and 19 are each provided with an inwardly extending fiange or shoulder 26, and said rings are each further provided with a plurality of ribs or tongues 27 upon the inner concentric faces thereof. The reference- characters 28 and 29 indicate, respectively, friction clutch-rings which are the inlet ends of which connect and register with .the 4previously mentioned outlet ducts 5.

provided in their outer peripheral faces with a plurality of grooves or rings 30, corresponding in their positions and disposal with said rings or ribs 2T of the respective binderrings 18 and 19, and being adapted to engage with the saine, whereby said friction clutchrings 28 and 29, while being capable of free lateral or shifting movements with 'relation to the respective binder-rings 1S and 19, are nevertheless carried around and revolve simultaneously with the said binder-rings.

Suitably arranged upon the shaft 1, to one side of said clutch disk 9, is a hollow shaft 31 which is adapted to revolve independently of the said shaft 1. Secured to said hollow shaft 31 is a driving sprocket, or pul-4v ley 32, or the like, for driving or revolving the said hollow shaft 31. rlhe said hollow,- shaft 31 is also provided with i a suitable flange or shoulder 33 formed with a cl1a1nbered portion 34 in which may bearranged a suitable packing, as 35. Connected with the said flange or shoulder 33, by means of stud-screws and lnuts 36, or other suitable fastening means, is a friction-disk 3T, said disk being provided with a suitable gland 3S adapted to enter said chamber-ed portion 34 and secure therein the said packing 35. The outer portion of said friction-disk 37 lies between said flange or shoulder 2G of the binder-ring 18 and the friction clutch-ring 28, so thatthe saine may be operatively engaged by the ring 28. lt will be understood, that whensaid hollow shaft 31 is revolved, said friction-disk 37 will also revolve therewith. In like manner, there is arranged upon said shaft 1, at the other side of said clutch-disk 9, vanother hollow shaft 39 which also'. revolves independently of the said shaft 1, and preferably in the construction here shown in the opposite direction to the revolutions of said hollow shaft 31. Secured to said hollow shaft 39 is a driving sprocket, or pulley 40, or the like, for driving the said shaft 39. Said hollow shaft 39 is also provided with a ange or shoulder 41 which is formed with a chamber-ed portion 42 in which may be arranged a suitable packing, as 43. Connected with said flange or shoulder 41 of the said hollow shaft 39, by means of stud-screws and nuts 44, or other suitable fastening means, is a friction-disk 45, said disk being provided with a gland 46 which is adapted' to enter said chambered portion 42 and secures therein the said packing 43. The outer portion of said friction-disk 45 lies between the said flange or shoulder 2G of the binder-ring 19 and said friction-clutch29. so that the same may be operatively engaged by the said clutch-ring. It willbe understood, that when the said hollow shaft 39 is revolved, said friction-disk 45 is also. revolved therewith. Said hollow shaft 31, together with one end of said shaft l, is snpported byfmeans of a suitable journal-sleeve -or duct 2, so that oil, or other fluid, under pressure, may be delivered to said duct or passage 2. The said chamber 50 is also provided withasuit-able inlet 52 adapted to receive the one end of a. feed-pipe 53. The said chamber 50 is further provided with a p downwardly extending chamber 54 arranged bearing-block fluidtight.

in thefsaid standard 49, said chamber being closed at the bottom by means of a suitable plug 55. The bearing-block 48 is provided at the one side, where enters the hollow Ashaft 31, with a stalling box 56, a gland 57, and a cap 58 for securing a packing 59 in its proper position with relation to said hollow shaft 31, and thereby rendering the said In like manner, said ,bearing-block 48 is provided at its other side, beyond whiclnpasses the free end of saidshaft 1, with a similar stuffing box, as (30,` a gland 61, and a cap 62, for securing a packing 63in its proper relation to said shaft 1, so as to render the saidbearingblock {luid-tight at that point. Said hollow shaft 39, together with the 'opposite end of the shaft- 1, is supported by means ofa journal-sleeve G4 which in turn is supported in a bearing-block 65 mounted upon a suitable standard. The said bearing-block 65 is constructed in such a manner so as to provide around the said journalsleeve G4 a iuid-reeeiving chamber 67. This chamber 67 is connected by -mea'ns'of suitable ducts or passages `68 witlrthemouth or inlet 6 of the previously.mentioned ductor passage 3, so

'that oil, or other luidinnder pressure, may

be delivered vto said'duet or passage 3. The

, ysaid chamber is' also provided with a suite ahlenlet (39 adapted to receive thev one end not a feedpipe 70. The said chamber 67 is `further provided with a downwardly extending chamber 71 arranged in said standard 66, said chamber heilig closed'at the bottom by means of a suitable plug 72. Said bearing-block is provided at its one side, where enters the said hollow shaft 39, with a stuffing box 73, a gland 74, and a cap 75, for securing a packing 7G in its proper relation with said hollow shaft 39, to thereby render said bearing-block 65 fluid-tight. 'lhe end ot' said shaft 1 terminates within said bearing-block 65 which is closed at its outer side by the wall 77 in which there is p a passage 7S connecting said inlet 6 of said duct or passage 3 with said duets or passages (3S of the bearing-block 65. The said passage 7S, however, 1s closed by means of a suitable plug 79. The said shaft l is maintained against longitudinal movement or slipping by means of a collar 80 which is mounted upon the end-portion of said shaft and issecured thereto by means of pins S1. Said collar 80 rides against one end of said journal-sleeve (-t on one side, and against said wall 77 of the bearing-block 65 upon its other side, whereby the same prevents said longitudinal movement of the shaft 1.

'lhe free end of the shaft 1 may be pro vided with a sprocket-wheel, pulley, or other'suitable power transmission device, as S2. Y

The previously mentioned standards 49 and 66 may be arranged upon a suitable base, as S3, if desired.

The respective feed pipes 53 and 70 each connect with a controlling valve, preferably a Aslide- 'alve-mechanism 81, of any desirable construction. The said valve S4.- is ada ptcd. upon the operation of its handle or lever S5, to shift the pressure of a fluid, such as an oil, either to one feed-pipe orto the other, alternatively, as will be clearly evident.

The said clutch-disk 9 and the various parts coi'p'erating therewith and adjacent thereto may be inclosed, if desired, in a suitably constructed shell or casing, as 86.

The respective hollow shafts 31 and 39 are mechanically connected with a source of power and are revolved, respectively. in opposite directions. Under normal conditions, said hollow shafts 31 and 39 revolve freely upon the 'shaft l, while thc latter remains stationary. Upon a proper operation ofthe slide-valve 84, the lhid, such as oil, which passes through said alvc under high pressure, is caused to distribute said high pressure through said feed pipe 53. whereupon the oil in the chamber 50 of the bear` ing-block ,4S )asses said high pressure on through said ducts or passages 51, and into the duct; or ,passage 2 of the main shaft 1. The said duct or passage 2 being in communication with the duet or passage 22 of the clutch-disk 9, the oil under high pressure is passed behind the said diaphragin-member 1-2. so as to cause the same to expand or bulge outwardly. This outward bulging of said diaphragm-memlwr 12 brings the. same in contact with the friction clutch-ring 2S. whereby the latter is pressed outwardliy and causes a gripping ofthe outer portion of said frictiolrdisk 37 which being revolved in one direction by said hollow shaft 31: and. by wedn'ing said friction-disk 37 between said flange or shoulder 26 and the friction cluteh-ring 28. imnudiately causes a revolution of said clutch-disk 9. which being fast upon said shaft l causes a like revolution thereof. Upon a reverse movement of the opcratin, r lever 85 of the valve S4, thc high pressure is imnu-diately eut off from the feed pipe 53 and consequently the pressure being reduced' in the various ducts and passagesl hereinabove mentioned, being released through a suitable vvent or eX- haust simultaneously opened in said slidevalve lmechanism 84, the diaphragm-member resumes i its normal initial .position,

whereby a release of the various.clutching` parts is secured andthe clutch-disk 9fand shaft l again cease ito revolve. `Uponafurther or continued reverse nhovement'of` said operating lever of the `valve 84,V thev high pressure is distributed `throughgx'saiol feedl pipe 7 0. and by means of the fvariou's connecting passages and vchambers finds its 'Way through saidduct yor, passage??v of the`Shaft- 1, and thence through the passage or duct 24 of the clutch-diskyQ, soithatan operation of said diaphragm-member',13,jthe' friction clutch-ring 29 upon the frictio,I1-disk .45, which is turned in anvopposite:directionhy said hollowl shaft 3 9, 'causesa consequentfopv posite revolution of vsaidl clutch-disk A9 and said shaft 1.4 It will thus vbeseen, that the said shaft may be 'caused to operatejor revolve in any desired direction, yaccording to the distribution of. the highk pressure of an operatingviluid into and through the various parts vof the herein above describedv mechanism. The arrangement andiconibination of the'variousfparts are such that` the slightest increase or vdecrease of pressure.

causes the operation of the'clutch. Hence, a very sensitive and a quick-acting clutch is the result. y

I am aware, ythat changes may bemade in the various arrangements `and combinations of the several devices and ,pai'ts, as Well.

as in the details ofthe construction of the' said parts, Without departingffroin the scope of thev present invention as set forth in the foregoing specification and as defined in the clauses of the claims which are appended thereto. Hence, I do not limit my present invention to the exact arrangements and combinations of the various devices and parts as described in the said specification, nor'do I confine myself to the exact. details of the construction `of vtlicfsaid parts as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

I claim 1. In a hydraulic clutch, the combination With a shaft provided with fluid-conveying passages or ducts, of a clutch-disk also provided with Huid-conveying passages or ducts in communication with those ofthe said shaft, an expansible diaphragmmember connected With said clutch-disk, la hollow shaft mounted upon said first mentioned shaft, a friction-disk driven thereby, and means operated by said diaphragm-member for lgripping said moving friction-disk so as to communicate its revolving movement to said clutch-disk and the shaft connected there- Wit-h.

2. In a hydraulic clutch, the combination with ay shaft provided with Huid-'conveying passages or ducts, of a clutch-diskalso pro-l With a shaftprovided lWith fluid-conveying y jpassagesorducts, cfa clutch-disk also provided With fluid-conveying passageslor ducts vrin. communication with ,those of the 'said shaft, an expansibley diaphragm-member connected with saidk clutch-'disk,` a- 'hollow Shaft? imountedfupon said y'fi'rst-mentioned' shaft, a friction-diskdr-iven thereby, -means operatedv by said diaphragm-member for '-5 gripping said-.moving friction-disk so 'as to vcommunicate its' revolving movement to said clutchdisk and the shaft connected therewith, highpressure bea-rings forl supporting said shaft 'and its* hollovvT shaft,y said high-pressure bearings being provided With flu,id-receiving vchambers and passages,communicatingr with said Huid-conveying passagesfor ducts` vof;

said shaft, and means for conveyingand controlling said 'highpressure iiuid through said various passages orkducts, substantially 'as and for the purposesset forth. n n. y

4. In a hydraulic 'clutch,"the`combination- With` a shaft provided With fluid-conveying 'passages or`ducts,'of a clutch-disk also provided with Huid-conveying passages ordu'cts in communication rrespectivelyv yWith vthose of saidshaft, a'pair of expansible diaphragmmembers connected With said clutch-disk, a pair of oppositelyrevolving hollow shafts, a friction-disk connected with each hollow shaft, and means operated by the respective diaphragm-members forgripping said friction disks so as toy impart the movement of either one or the other of said friction-disks lto said clutch-disk and the shaft connected therewith.

5,. In a hydraulic clutch, the combination with a shaft provided with fluid-conveying passages or ducts, of a clutch-disk also provided with duid-conveying passages or ducts 'in communication respectively with those of said shaft., a. pair of expansibl'e diaphragmmembers connectedwith said clutch-disk, av

pair of oppositely revolving hollow shafts, a friction-(liek connected with each'hollovv shaft, means operated by the respective diaphragin-members forgripping said frictiondisks so as to impart the movement of either one or the other of said friction-disks to said clutch-disk and the shaft connected vided with fluid-conveyingpassages or ducts in communication respectively with those of said shaft, a pair of cxpansible diaphragm-members connected with said clutchdisk, a pair of oppositely revolving hollow shafts, a friction-disk connected with each hollow shaft., means operated by the respective diaphiugm-members for `ripping said friction-disks so as to impart the movement of either one or the other of said frictiondisks to said clutch-disk, und the shaft connected therewith, a pairr of high-pressure bearings for supporting said. shaft and the respective hollow shafts, 'said high-pressure bearings bein" provided with fluid-receiving chambers anc passages communicating with said fluid-conveying passages or ducts, and means for' conveying and controlling said high pressure fluid through said various passages or ducts, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In a hydraulic clutch, the combination with a shaft, of a clutch-disk provided upon each side with an expansible diaphragm member, means connected with said shaft and clutch-disk for conveying a high pressure Huid to each diaphragm-member so as to expand the` same, a pair' of oppositely revolving hollow shafts arranged upon said first-mentioned shaft., one upon each side of said clutch-disk, a friction-disk connected with each hollow shaft, and means operated by the expansion of said diaphragm-members for gripping said friction-disks so as to impart the movement fof either one or the other of said friction-disks to the Said clutch-disk'and the shaft connected therewith, substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

8. In a hydraulic clutch,the combination with a shaft, of a clutch-disk provided upon each side with an expansible diaphragmmember, means connected with said shaft and clutch-disk for conveying a high pressure fluid to each diaphragm-member so as to expand the same, a pair of oppositely revolving hollow shafts arranged upon said first-mentioned shaft, one upon each side of said clutch-disk, a friction disk connected with each hollow shaft, means operated by the expansion of said diaphragm-members for gripping said friction-disks so as to 1mpart the movement of either one or the other of said friction disks to the said clutch-disk and the shaft connected therewith, and a pair of high-pressure bearings for supporting said shaft and the said hollow shafts. ubstlantially as and for the purposes set ort 9. `In a hydraulic clutch, the combination with a shaft, of a clutch-disk provided upon each side with an expansible diaphragmmember, means connected with said shaft and clutch-disk for conveying a high pres- .sure fluid to cach diaphragm-member so as to expand the same, a pair of oppositely revolving hollow shafts arranged upon said first-mentioned shaft, one upon each side of said clutch-disk, a friction-disk connected with each hollow shaft, and a laterally movable friction clutch-ring arranged between each diaphragm-member and said friction-disk, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

10. In a hydraulic clutch, the combination with a shaft, of a clutch-disk provided upon each side with an expansible dia hragmmember, means connected with said shaft and clutch-disk forA conveying a high pressure fluid to each diaphragm-member so as to expand the same, a pair of o positely revolving hollow shafts arranged upon said first-mentioned shaft` one uponeach side of said clutch-disk, a friction-disk connected with each hollow shaft, a laterally movable friction clutch-ring arranged between each diaphragm-member and said friction-disk, and a air of high pressure-bearings for supporting said shaft and the said hollow shafts arranged therewith, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

11. In a hydraulic clutch, the combination with a shaft, of a clutch-disk provided upon each side with an expansible diaphragmmember, inner binder-rings connected with each side of said clutch-disk for engaging and holding the inner marginal edge of each diaphragm-member, outer binder-rings connected with each side of said `clutch-disk for engaging and holding theiouter marginal edge of each diaphragm-member, an inwardly extending flange or shoulder connected with each outer binder-ring, a pair of oppositely revolving hollow shafts arranged upon said first-mentioned shaft, a friction disk connected with each hollow shaft the outer peripheral portion of each frictiondisk lying between one of Said diaphragmmembers and the shoulder of one of said outer binder-rings, means operated by the expansion of said diaphragm-members for gripping said friction-disks so as to impart the movement of either one or the other of said friction-disks to said clutch-disk and shaft, and means connected with said shaft and clutch-disk for conveying a highpressure fluid to each diaphragm-member so as to expand the same, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

12. In a hydraulic clutch, the combination with a shaft, of a clutch-disk provided upon each side with an expansible diaphragmmember, inner binder-rings connected with each side of said clutchdisk for engaging and holding the inner marginal edge of each diaphragm-member, outer binder-rings connected with each side of said clutch-disk for engaging and holding the outer marginal edge of each diaphragm-member, an 1nwardly extending flange or shoulder connected with each outer binder-ring, a pair of oppositely revolving hollow shafts arranged upon said first-mentioned shaft, a friction disk connected with each hollow shaftthe outer peripheral portion of each frictiondisk lying between one of said diaphragmmembers and the shoulder of one of said outer binder-rings, means operated by the expansion of said diaphragm-members for gripping said friction-disks so as to impart the ymovement of either one or the other of said friction-disks to said clutch-disk and shaft, means connected with said shaft and clutch-disk for conveying a high pressure fluid to each diaphragm-member so as tov expand the same2 said means comprising the provision in said shaft and'said clutch-disk of fluid-conveying passages or ducts having their respective outlets back of said diaphragm-members, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

Y 13. In a hydraulic clutch, the combination with a shaft, of a clutch-disk rovided upon each side with an expansib e diaphragmymember, inner binder-rings connected with each side of said clutch-disk for engaging and holding the inner marginal edge of each diaphragm-member, outer binder-rings connected'with each side of said clutch-disk for engaging and holding the outer marginal `edge of each diaphragm-member, an inwardly extending' flange or shoulder connected with each outer binder-ring, a pair of oppositely revolving hollow shafts arranged uponffsaid first-mentioned shaft, a friction disk connected with eachhollow shaft, the outer peripheral portion of each frictiondisk lying between one of said diaphragmmembers andthe shoulder of one of said outer binder-rings, means operated by the expansion of said diaphragm-members for grippingsaid friction-disks so as to impart the movement of either one or the other of said friction-disks to said clutch-disk and shaft, means connected with said shaft and clutch-disk for conveying a high pressure fluid 'to each diaphragm-member so as to expand the same, said means comprising the provision in said shaft and said clutch-disk of fluid-conveying passages or ducts having their respective outlets back of said diaphragm-members, and a pair of high-pres-` nected with each side of said. clutch-disk for engaging and holding the inner marginal edge kof each diaphragm-member, outer binder-rings connected with each side of said clutch-disk for engaging and holding the outer marginal edge of each diaphragmmember, an inwardly extending flange or shoulder connected with each outer binderring, a pair of oppositely revolving hollow shafts arranged upon said first-mentioned shaft, a friction disk connected with each hollow shaft, the outer peripheral porti-on of each friction-disk vlying between one of said diaphragm-members and the shoulder of one of said outer binder-rings, means operated by the expansion of said diaphragm-members for gripping said friction-disks so as toimi high pressure bearings being provided with fluid-receiving chambers and passages communicatingy with said fluid-'conveylng passages or ducts of said shaft, and means for conveying and controlling said high pressure set forth.

15. In a hydraulic clutch, the combina- .t1on with a shaft, of a clutch-disk provided upon each side with an expansible diaphragm-members, inner binder-rings connected with each side of said clutch-disk for engaging and holding the inner marginal ed e of each diaphragm-member, outer bin er-rings connected with each side of said clutch-disk for en aging andrholding the outer marginal e ge of each diaphragm-member, an inwardly' extending flange or shoulder connected with each outer binder-ring, apair of oppositely revolving hollow shafts arranged upon said first-mentioned shaft, a friction disk connected with each hollow shaft the outer peripheral portion of each friction-disk lying between one of said diaphragm-members and the shoulder of one of said outer binder-rings, a laterally movable friction clutch-ring arranged between each diaphragm-member and said friction disk, and means connected with said shaft and said clutch-disk for conveying a high pressure fluid toy each diaphragm-member so as to expand the same, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

16. In a hydraulic clutch, the combinauid through said various passages or ducts, substantially as and for the purposes tion with a shaft, of a clutch-disk rovided nected with each side of said clutch-disk for upon' each side with an expansi le diaengaging and holding the outer marginal phragin-nicmber, inner binder-rings `conedge of each diaphragm-member, an innected with each side of said clutch-disk for wardly extending flange or shoulder conengaging and holding the inner marginal nected with each outerbinder-ring, a pair o 70 edge of each diaphragm-member, outer oppositely revolving hollow shafts arranged binder-rings. connected with each side of upon said first-mentioned shaft, a friction said clutch-disk'for engaging and holding disk connected with each hollow shaft the the outerniarginaledge o each diapliraginouter peripheral portion of each frictionmember, an vinwardly extending flange or disk lying between one of said diaphragin- 75 shoulder connect'ed'with each outer binderlmembers and the shoulder of one of sai ring, a pair of oppositely revolving hollow binder-rings, a laterally movable friction shafts arranged u on -said first-mentioned clutch-ring arranged between each diapliragm-inember and said friction-disk, and

shaft, a friction disk connected with each hollow shaft. the outer peripheral portion of means for conveying a high pressure fluid to 80 each diaphragm-member so as to expand the each friction-disk, and means lying between same, said means comprising the provision one of said diaphragm-members and the shoulder of one of said binder-rings, a laterin said shaft and said clutch-disk of fluidcoiiveying passages or ductsy having their ally movable friction clutch-ring arranged y between each diaphragm-member and said outlets back of said diaphragm-members, a 85 air of high pressure bearings for supportfriction-disk for conveying a high pressure 4 ling said first-mentioned shaft and said holfluid to each diaphragm-member so as to expand the s ame, said means comprising the low shafts, said high pressure bearings beprovision in said shaft and said clutching provided with fluid-receiving chambers disk of fluid-conveging passages or ducts and passages communicating with said fluid- 90 having their outlets ack of said diaphragmconveying passages or ducts of said shaft, membCYS- 4 and means for conveying and Icontrolling ,17.l In a hydraulic clutch, thecombinasaid yhigh pressure fluid through said varition with a shaft, of a clutchdisk provided ons passages or ducts, substantially as and upon each side with an expansible diafor the purposes set forth. 95 hragm-member, inner binder-rings con- 19. In a hydraulic clutch, the combination nected `with each side of said clutch-disk for with a shaft, of aclutch-disk provided upon engaging land holding the inner margina each side with an expansible `diaphragmedge of each diaphragm-member, outer member-inner binder-rings connected wit binder-rings connected. with each side of each side of said clutch-disk for engaging 100 said clutch-disk for engaging and holding and holding the inner marginal edge of each the outer marginal edge of each dia ihragmdiaphragm-member, outer binder-rings connected with each side of said clutch-disk-for` member, an inwardly extending ange or shoulder connected with each outer binderengagin r und holdmg the outer margma edge o each diaphragm-member, an in- 10 40 ring, a pair of oppositelyrevolving hollow shafts arranged upon said first-mentioned wardly extending flange or shoulder conl nected with each outer binder-ring, a pair shaft, a friction diskI connected with each hollow shaft. the outei' peripheral portion of oppositely revolving hollow shafts arranged u on said first-mentioned shaft, a

of each friction disk lying between one of said diaphragm-members and the shoulder friction 1 isk connected with each hollow shaft the outer. peripheral portion of each of one of said binder-rings, a laterally movable friction clutch-ring arranged between frietiomdgk lying between one of said daphragm-members and the shoulder of o ne each diaphragm-member and said frictionof said outer binder-rings, a series of ribs upon the inner surface of said outer binder- 1 disk, and means for conveying a high pressure fluid to each diaphragm-member so as t0 expand the Same, Said le-US COIUPISlIg rings, friction clutch-rings provided with a the provision in said shaft and said clutchplurality of grooves or channels adapted to receive the said ribs, said clutch-rings being arranged, lrespectively, between each ia-I disk of fluid-conveying passages or ducts phragm-member and said friction-disk, and

having their outlets back of said diaphragmmembers, and a pair of high pressure bearings for supporting said first-mentioned means for conveying a high pressure fluid to Slltlfl and Slltl llOllOW SlldflS, SllbSltllltltllly each daphragfn-member, S0 3S t() expand the same, said means comprising thc proas vand for the purposes set forth. 18. In a hydraulic clutch, the combination vision in Suid shaft and said clutch-disk of With a. Shaft, 0f d CllllCli-Clisl( pIOViflffl.' Upon {luid-conveying passages or ducts having each side with an expansible diaphragmtheir outlets back of said'diaphragin-nicmmember, inner binder-rings connected with bers, substantially as and for the purposes each side of said clutch-disk for engaging set forth. and holding the inner marginal edge of each. Q0. ln a hydraulic clutch, the combination diaphragm-member, outer binder-rings conwith a shaft, of a clutch-disk provided upon eachy side -with an 'exp'ansible .diaphragmmember, inner binderrings connectedvwith each side of said vclutch-disk for engaging and holding the inner marginaledge of each diaphragm-member, outer-'binder rings connected withV each side of said olutch-dislr for engaging and `holding the outer marginal edge.of .each diaphragmmember, an inwardly extendingv iange or shoulder oonnected with each.' outer 'binderering,

yof oppositely revolving hollow shafts arrangedV upon said 'vfirstmentioned shaft, a

friction dis-k connected'- with each hollow shaft the outer rperipheral portionof Aeach` friction-disk lying between one of said diaphragm-members and the shoulder of one of said outer binder-rings,

the inner surface of said outer binderfrings,

yfriction .clutolkrings provided with a plu rality of groovesor channels adaptedfto re.` ceive .the said ribs, said clutch-ringsgbeing arranged, respectively, between f eachdiaf' phragm-member and means for conveying a high `pressure iuid to each diaphragm-member," so as to expand,l

the same, said means'comprising the provision-in said shaft andsaid Kclutch-disk of` ducts g having fluid-conveying passages or their outlets baclrof diaphragm-meinbers, and a lpair of high pressurebea-rings 'for supporting said vfirst-mentioned shaft and the said hollow shafts, substantially asv` and for the purposes set-forth.y

21. In a hydraulic clutch, the combination with a shaft, of a clutch-diskkprovidedfuporn;\l

eaohrsidel with an expansible 'diaphragmmember, inner binder-rings connected with each side of said clutch-disk for engaging and holding the inner marginal edge of each diaphragm-member, outer binder-rings connected with each side of said clutch-disk for a Apair arranged, respectively,,between each aseries of ribs upon a 'phragm-memberu and., said;l friction-disk,-'

jftoech 'd'iaphragmrmemben Lthe "same, said means e said' friction-disk,

engaging and holding the outer marginal edge; of each "diaphragmfmember, an l inwardly extendingl flange or shoulder vconnected'f withlea'ch outerbinderfring, a pair .of "positel'y revolving :hollow shafts arrange upon lsaid first-mentioned shaft, a

lfriction disk c'onnected with each4 hollow shaftthe outer peripheral .portion of each friction-disk vlying between Aone of. y lsaid diaphragm -members and v the shoulder' vof one vofjsaid outerl'binder-rings, la' series 'of ribs uponv the inner surfaceof said 'outer binderrings, friction"clutchfrings provided with a pluralityvof grooves; or channelsnadapted to receive l'the saidribs, said clutohrrin'gs ybeing Ineans for conveying v.' a high".pressure fluidl seas to expand y g comprisingv the provision'in saidlsshaftl-andrsaid yclutch-disk of jjiid-conveying,.-passags or ducts"v having their 'outlet-s backof said diaphragm-members, a pairof high pressure bearings for supporting saidffirst-mentione'd sha-ft and Vthe said hollowash fts, said high* pressure `floearings being providedwith fluid-receiving chambers and. ,passagescommunicating with said Huid-conveying (passages or" ducts of PHILIPP CRAMER.

Witnesses:

FREDK. C. FRAENTZEL, FREDK. I-I. W. FRAENTZEL.

said shaft,.fand -means for conveying Vand 1 controlling said: high pressure

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