US961541A - Elevator-brake. - Google Patents

Description

F. A. J. SGHULZ.

ELEVATOR BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1909.

Patented June 14,1910.

4 SHBET-SHEET 1.

villi/Lilli 1 WITNESSES By W Fa Arm" W5 P. A. J. SUHULZ.

ELEVATOR BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1909.

Patented June 14,1910.

2 & IIVVENTOR bade/ akka! J 622 a [2 &

wq a? Q W TNESSES ain WM i /z ayzz,

dsrdw ATTORNEYS F. A. J. SOHULZ.

ELEVATOR BRAKE. APILIOATION PILED'JUNE 25, 1909.

Patented June 14, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

P. A. LSGHULZ.

ELEVATOR BRAKE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 25, 1909.

Patented June 14, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

I INVENTOR ii edw icd" J 6% ha [.2

W/T/VESSES By m '&

ATTORNEYS ai/ac,

FREDERICK A. J. SCHULZ, 01E BRDNXVILLE. NEvV YORK.

ELEVATOR-BRAKE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pgiljrgnl-Qill Junie jii Application filed June 25, 1909. Serial No. 504,256.

I To all whom "it may concern:

lie itknown that I, Fnnnnnron A. J. ticnnnz, a citizen. of the United States, and a resident. of Bronxville, in the county of ll'cstchester and {hate of New York, have invented a new and Improved Elevator- Bralce, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact dose 'iption.

The principal objects which the present invention has in view are: to provide automatic means whereby the elevator car is arrested in the event ofaccidental breakage or other eii'ect which would cause the car to fall; and to provide a mechanism for the accomplishment of the above stated object, which automatically releases or adjusts itself upon the needed repair being consummated on the car.

One embodiment of the present invention is disclosed in the structure illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which similar characters of reference denote corresponding parts in all the views, and in which- Figure l is a longitudinal section of an elevator car and shaft, having in connection therewith the mechanism constructed in accordamze with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a lragincntary view in plan, viewed from beneath; Fig. 3 is a cross section of the elevator car, showing in side elevation the actuating mechanism for the brakes eniploycd in this invention; Fig. l is an en.-

, largcd fragmentary view of the elements illustrahal in Fig. 3, showing the extra looking position of the brake actuating mechanism; Fig. 5 is a view in elevation of the substructure of the elevator car in section, taken on the line 5-5 in l ig. 3, in which is mounted and carried the brake actuating mechanism; Fig. (3 is a detailed view partly in section taken on the line (3-4) in Fig. 3, showing the escapement wheel and its connected instrnmentalities; Fig. '1' is a detailed view in side elevation, partly in section, taken on the line 'T-7 in Fig. 3; Fig. 8 is a vertical section of the winding drum, taken on the line S S in Fig. 7; and Fig. l) is a 'lragnnz-ntary section of the winding drum taken on the line Q 9 in Fig. 7.

The mechanism forming the brake is in no manner related or connected directly to the ho ting mechanism of the elevator. ts operat. independent of the hois mechanism except when the hoisting cable parts to permit the car to drop when the ac celerated speed of the car operates the brake actuating mechanism. In no other manner is the brake actuating mechanism dependent upon the hoisting niecl'ianism.

There is suspended in the elevator shaft, on that side between the sides c. vying the guide rails, a cable 10. The cable 10 is stationarily mounted and is reeved between the mast sheave 11 and the guide sheav 1 -17. The sheaves l2-l2 are so disposed. that the cable 10 swung upon. the sheave ll at least one-half revolution sulliciently to firmly grip the shelve 1i. 'llhe sheave 11 is suitably mounted on a shaft The shaft 13 and mechanism connected therewith is mounted under the floor 1% on the elevator car, and within the housing formed below the said floor.

The shaft is mounted in lngs formed in a. swinging hex 15 at the inner end, while at the out r end it has abearing in a sleeve 16, upon which is fixedly mounted the sheave ii and the disk 17. The shaft 13 is provided on the outside of the car with a housing 18 within which is mounted the sheaves 11 and l2l2 with a collar 19 adapted to be fixedly attached to the shaft 13. .Fixedly attached to the shaft 13 to the other side of the housing 18, and in uxta position to the dish 17, is a ratchet wheel 20. Upon the disk 17 is pivotally mounted pawls 2121, which are spring actuated, as shown particularly at Fig. 5 oil the drawings. means of the collar 19 and the wheel 20 the shaft- 13 is held in fixed relation with he sheave 11 and the housing 18.

The shaft 18 so mounted as to reel: upon the bearing block 15, which is provided with trunnion liicarings to permit this action of the shaft. lhe trunnions 22 are suitably mounted in hearings in a standard 23, which is yoke-shaped and sccmrely bolted at 24 upon the sub-floor of the car 14.. Upon the shaft 13 and near the end thereof, opposite the sheave ll, is a windingdrum This drum is loosely and rotatably mounted upon the shaft 13 and has anchored thereto a short cable 26.- The cable 26 is secured in a. block 27 carrying a pulley 28. he pulley 28 hung upon a shortcable 29, the two ends whereof provided with suit-able eye lets 3Q--3Q to receive the bolts 3l-3l in th blocks 32-32. The blocks 32-32 are provided with pulleys 33-33, which in turn straddle short cables 34-34. The cables 34-34 are secured in eyelets 35-35, which are pivotally attached to the ends of lovers 36-36 and -40. The connections between the hanging parts through the short cables just described produce a balanced pull upon all of the connected and co-acting parts. WVhen now in the course of operation the cable 26 is wound upon the drum 25, it will be seen that through the cable 26 and the cables 29 and 3434, the inner ends of the long levers 36-36 will be drawn downward.

The levers 36-36 are two in number, each extending lengthwise of the elevator car, and reaching to near the guide rails thereof. At the outer edge of the car these levers are piv otally mounted upon shafts 37-37,, upon which are mounted the eccentrics 38-38.

,The eccentrics 38-38 are disposed to impinge upon the guide rails 39-39, producing an outward thrust thereon when the levers'36-36 are depressed at their inner ends. Parallel with the levers 36-36 are a second pair of levers 40-40, which are fixedly mounted on the shafts 37-37 upon which the eccentrics 38-38 are rotatably mounted. Extended from the shaft 37 is a short lever arm 41, to which is pivotally connected a link42, connecting the lever 41 with a lever 43 being attached thereto at 44. The lever arms 43-43 are fixedly mounted upon short shafts 45-45, upon the outer end of which are mounted cam shaped eccentrics 46-46.

The eccentrics 46-46 are cam shaped, as above stated, to provide a resisting wall against the thrust of the eccentrics 38-38,

which in its action tends to force the rails 39-39 away from the body of the car. When the eccentrics 46-46, shaped as herein described and shown, are pressed against the bevel of the sides of the rails, it will be seen that the thrusting action of the eccentrics 38-38 is counteracted by the eccentrics "46-46. It will also be seen that by mount- "ing the one eccentric'38 rotatably 0n the shaft 37, and the levers 40-40 fixedly thereon, the possible inequalities in the structure of the rail, causing the one side of eccentrics to en age in advance of the others, is thus provided for. It is to maintain the levers 36-36 and 40-40 out of engagementwith the rails 39-39 that the springs 47-47 have been provided. The operation of these springs is to draw the inner end of the levers 36-36 and 40-40 upward to draw the said eccentrics out of engagement with the said rails. This action, as above described, is dependent upon the rotation of the drum 25. As above stated, the drum 25 is loosely mounted on the shaft 13 and is not affected by the rotation of the same except when engaged by the clutch 48. The movable clutch member 48 is provided with a groove 49 to receive pins 50-50 of a yoke formed on a bell crank lever 51. The clutch member 48 is slidably mounted in a roove 52, whereby the said clutch member is slidable lengthwise of the shaft while rotating therewith. Set out from the side of the clutch member 48 is a heavy tooth 53. Set out from the face .of the drum 25 and adapted to be placed in projections, the outer levels of which are concentric, and between the outer levels of which are formed equal depressions 56-56. On the periphery of the disk 55 tracks a roller 57. The roller 57 is on the under arm of the bell crank lever 51. There is also attached to this bell crank lever 51 a spring which is anchored to'the said bell crank lever 51 and to a swinging frame 59 and to an extension 60 thereof, which is depended from the box 15. The spring 58 normally maintains the roller 57 against the periphery of the disk 55, raising the roller whenit is presented to the depressions 56 in the said disk, and throwing the clutch 48 outward from the drum 25, permitting the teeth 53 and 54 to pass. When, however, the roller 57 is depressed by the extensions or levels of v the cams on the disk 55, the clutch is thrown into position where the two teeth are in the same rotary pat-h, and where, if they be maintained, the tooth 53 would engage the tooth 54, causing the drum 25 to rot-ate with the shaft 13. The spring 58 is calculated to a strength which returns the lever 51 and clutch 48 slightly to the position where in the two teeth are out of alinement. The strength of the said spring is sufficient, under all normal conditions of the shaft 13 and the disk 55, to maintain the roller 57 against the periphery of the said disk, but when as in the event of a breakage of the hoisting cable and a rapid descent of the car, the rapidity of the rotation of the shaft 13 and the disk 55 is suddenly increased, the spring 58 would not lift the lever 51 sufficiently or quickly enough to remove the tooth 53 from engagement with the tooth 54. Hence, when the rapidity of the rotation of the shaft 13 and the disk 55 is accelerated beyond the rotation designed, the roller 57 will not rise into the depressions 56, and the result of such failure ,will be the engagement of the shaft 13 and drum 25, causing the same to rotate and draw upon the cable 26 to w ess the inner ends of the levers 36% in 40-40, with the resultant action of these le' ers on the eccentrics 38-438 and 46 t6. T his action, as above stated, results in the said eccentrics grasping the rails 3939 and arresting the car.

The eccentrics 3838 and 4:646 are fixed and not rotatable members. While I have shown in the present drawings the engagement between the said eccentrics and guide rails 39-39 of the elevator, it will be understood that I can substitute therefor an additional rail, being either smooth, serrated or gear toothed and provide the engaging surfaces of the said. eccentrics to accommodate this modified form of the rails 1l9-:9.

It is to provide against the possible breakage of the cables 2", 29-29" or it's-34, that I have provided ratchet rods (lb-G1. These rods l-tll are suspended from the levers 36-36 and st()40, and are provided at the lower end with ratchet teeth 62 62, and are extended through guide boxes 63-G3 within which are suitably mounted pawls 6PM. These pawls are spring actuated and adapted to engage the teeth 6262. When new the levers 36-36 and 40-40 are depressed, the rods (lb-($1 are likewise depressed, carrying the toothed ends 62-62 downward througlr the boxes GEL-63, the

"pawls St(34t over-riding'the teeth and immediately seating in engagement therewith upon the rods (lb-(31, pausing in their movement. It ."will therefore be seen that the levers 36 36 and l0-40 should be held rigidly in their lowermost position to which they would be drawn before any of the. said cables would part. It is to produce a further pull-upon the levers 3t336 and 4;O.4O that I have provided for the lift of the housing 18 and the sheaves mounted therein, together with the shaft 13 and parts connected therewith. The shaft 13 is pivoted in the box 15 and upon the trunnion bearings 2222 of the same, which are mounted in the standards The drum is located on the side of the trunnions 22-2 opposite that on which is located the housing 18 and much nearer the said trunnions, therefore the wrench produced by the pull exerted on the outer end of the shaft 12-; is multiplied in its effect upon the drum 25. This action of the shaft 13 and housing l8, and the frame 59 on which the housing is mounted, depends on the release of a lever (35 which is pivoted in the standard (36 on a shaft 67. The lever (35 has a short end (38, which. normally overrides a cross bar 65) connecting the side arms of the frame 5t). \Vhen the lever (35 is raised, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the short end 68 maintains the frame 59' in a horizontal position, depressing the housing 18 to maintain the shaft 13 in a horizontal position. The lever 65 is held in the position shown in Fig. (l of the drawings by the drum 25 and when in engagement with an undercut slot 70. It is to engage the undercut slot 70 that the lever 65 is provided with a hookeidiend 71, shaped to extend within 1 frame 59 exerts an additional downward pull on the'drurnand levers-S(3-3(S and 40-4-0 connected therewith.

Vy hile I have herein described the sheaves 11 and 1212 as mounted in a movable housing 18, a duplicate set of said sheaves, as well as a duplicate of the cable 10, is provided on the opposite side of the car. The duplicate set, however, are mounted in stationary bearings in a stationary housing 72. l. have designated the sheaves by the same numbers, 11' and 12-12, as assigned to the first mentioned set. The connection between the sheaves and the shatt 7'3 is similar to that above described, as referring to the first mentioned sheaves and the shaft- 13. The shaft 18 is connected to the shaft 73 by means of a telescopic connection formed by the shaft 74 having therein a square opening to receive the square shaft '75. Connecting the shaft 75 and the shaft 73 and shaft 13 are knuckle joints 76 and 77. By means of this flexible connection the tilting action of the shaft 13 above described is permitted, while at the same time maintaining the synchronism of the action of the two sets of sheaves and sha fts connected therewith.

Set out, from the side of the drum 25 is a circular ratchet toothed flange 78. In the teeth of the said ratchet is engaged a pawl 79. The pawl 79 is mounted upon the extension (30 and is spring actuated. The purpose and function of the ratchet flange 7S and pawl. 79 is to lock the drum 25 in its rotated position to hold the same against the accident of the cables 1()l() breaking. in such an event. it will be observed that the pawl 79, being in toothed engagement with the flange TS, would prevent the backward n'iowunent of the drum 25. A further safety device of the same character is provided in the extension 80 which is provided with ratchet teeth 81, being engaged by the gravity pawl 82. The pawl 82 is mounted in a. housing 83, in which the extension 80 is guidedly held. I

When in the operation of the elevator brake the housing 18 is -aisod to the position as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, which is the extreme braking position, the extension 80 is raised in the said housing, and the pawl 82 is suitably engaged with the teeth ion 81 of the extension 80. In this position, should the cables l0-10 part, the extension 80, and with it the housing 18 and shaft 13, would be held immovable by the pawl 82.

The various rotary shafts and their moving elements herein mentioned, are mounted in bearings forn'ied in standards suitably provided in the substructure of the elevator car. lxcept where necessary in the above description no designating character, nor special mention, has been assigned or made to or of these parts.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and ters Patent is:

1. An elevator brake comprising a triangular shaped stationary member of the elevator structure; three levers having eccentric shaped ends, two of said ends disposed to engage the outer sides of said triangular member, and the third of said ends the inner side thereof; a rotary shaft mounted on the car structure; a stationary member of the elevator structure to engage and rotate said shaft; a loose pulley mounted on said shaft; suitable fixed connections attached to said levers and said loose pulley; and means for fixedly engaging the said shaft and said loose pulley.

2. An elevator brake comprising a stationary member of the elevator structure; a plurality of gripper jaws disposed to engage said stationary member; a plurality of levers connected with said jaws to force the same upon said stationary member; a rotary shaft mounted on the car structure; a stationary member of the elevator structure rotatively engaging said shaft;- a loose pulley mounted on said shaft; suitable connections between said levers and said loose pulley; a clutch member slidably mounted on said shaft; and a cam member mounted on said shaft adapted to move the said clutch member to engage the said loose pulley.

An elevator brake comprising a stationary member of the elevator structure; a plurality of gripper jaws disposed to engage said stationary member; a plurality of le vers connected with said jaws to force the same upon said stationary member; a rotary shaft mounted on the car structure; a stationary member of the elevator structure rotatively engaging said shaft; a loose pulley mounted on said shaft; suitable connections fixedly attached to said levers and to said loose pulley; a cam member having a plurality of cam surfaces fixedly mounted on said shaft; a clutch member slidably mounted on said shaft; and a transmission member connected with said cam member aml desire to secure by Letsaid clutch member to move the said clutch member to engage the said loosefpulley 4. An elevator brake comprising a stationary member of the elevator structure;a-plu;

rality of gripper jaws disposed to engage mounted on said shaft; a transmission member connecting the said clutch member and cam member to move thesald clutch toward and from said loose pulley; and a spring to hold the said transmission member against the said cam member.

5. An elevator brake comprising a stationary member of the elevator structure; a plurality of gripper jaws disposed to engage said stationary member; a plurality of levers adapted to move said jaws to impinge upon said stationary member; a rotary shaft mounted on the car structure; astationary member of the elevator structure rotatively engaging the said shaft; a flexible connection between the power applied ends of said levers; adjustable flexible connections between the said first mentioned flexible connections and said loose pulley; a clutch member slidably mounted on said shaft; a cam member having a plurality of cam surfaces fixedly mounted on said shaft; and a trans mission member adapted to engage the said clutch with the said loose pulley.

6. An elevator brake comprising a stationary member of the elevator structure; a plurality'ot' gripper jaws disposed to engage said stationary member; a plurality of le-' vers adapted to move said jaws to impinge upon said stationary member; a rotary shaft mounted on the car structure, said shaft being pivotally mounted to rock lengthwise to depress the said levers; a stationary member of the elevator strut-t ure to rotatively engage the said shaft; a loose pulley mounted on said shaft: a connection between said levers and said loose pulley; and means for fixedly engaging said shaft and said loose pulley.

7. .\n elevator brake comprising a stationary member of the elevator structure; a plurality of gripper jaws disposed to engage saidstationary member; a plurality of lovers adapted to move said jaws toward one another to impinge upon said station ary member; a rotary shaft mounted on the ear structure, said shaft being adapted to rock lengthwise to-depress the said levers; a stationary member of the elevator structure to rotatively engage said shaft; a loose pulley mounted on said shaft; a connection between the said levers and said loose pulley; a clutch member slidably mounted on said :shaft; cam member having a plurality ofs 55 tionary member impinge u 1 rotary sha said shaftadapted to rock lengthwise tov 2o tain the horizontal osition 30 mounted on the car structure, said 5 and having a lateral cam Sui-tapes; and a transmission member 0 erated tiy said cam member to engage said 0 utch member with said loose puiley.

8. An elevator brake comprising a staof the elevator structure; a plurality of gripper jaws disposed to engage the said stationary member; a plurality of levers adapted to move said jaws to on said stationary member; a t mounted on the car-structure,

depress the said levers; a stationary member of the elevator structure 'rotatively engagmg the said shaft; a loose puliey mounted on said shaft; a connection between said levers and said loose pulley; means for fixedly engaging the said shaft and said loose pulley; and a locking lever pivoted on the car structure to engage said shaft to mainthereof, said le position ver adapted to be held in locking released by the said loose pulley and to he by the rotation of the same.

9, An elevator brake comprising a stationaryhiember of the elg ator structure; a

plurality ofgripper jaws disposed to engage said stationary member; a plurality of lovers adapted to move said jaws to impinge upon said stationary member; arotary shaft Shaft adanted to rock lengthwise to depress the said lover; a stationary member of the eleyetor structure rotatively engaging said I shaft; loose pulley mounted on said shaft projection; a connection attached to said levers and to said loose puliey'; a clutch member slidshly inoimted on said shaft; a cam member having a plu- ,ralityioi cam surfaces fixedly mountedon said shaft; a transmission member adapted to said clutch member with said pulley; and a" poking lever pivoted on the car structure and engaging the said shaft to maintain the horizontal position of the same, said lever engaging the said lateral projection to beheld in locking position thereby and adapted to be released by the rota.- tionof the said loose pulley.

10. Au elevator brake comprising a stationary member of the elevator structure; a plurality of gripper jaws disposed to engage 'said statlonary member; of lovers adapted to more said jaws .to 1mpinge upon said stationary member; a rotary shaft mounted on the car structure, said shaft adapted to rock lengthwise to depress the said lovers; a stationary member of the elevator stun-lure engaging rotatively the said shaft; a loose pulley mounted on said shaft and having a'slot formed therein opening outward; a clutch member slidably mounted on said shaft; a cam member having a plurality of cam surfaces fixedly mounted on said shaft; a transmission member connecting said can] member and clutch to cause the said clutch to engage the said pulley and to disengage same- When said transmission member is operated by said cam surfaces; and a locking lever mounted on the structure of said our and engaging said shaft to maintain the horizontal position of said shaft, said lever being held in locking position by engagement with said slot in said pulley and adapted to be released by the rotation of said pulley.

in testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of:

two subscribing Witnesses.

FREDERICK A. J. Witnesses:

NICHOLAS A. Sonunz, EIMIL Bowman.

scents.

pivotally

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