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US9170050B2 - Equipment for measurement and control of load material or scrap feeding into a furnace and relative method - Google Patents

Equipment for measurement and control of load material or scrap feeding into a furnace and relative method Download PDF

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Publication number
US9170050B2
US9170050B2 US11/887,871 US88787106A US9170050B2 US 9170050 B2 US9170050 B2 US 9170050B2 US 88787106 A US88787106 A US 88787106A US 9170050 B2 US9170050 B2 US 9170050B2
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Prior art keywords
solid
load material
furnace
feeding
arc furnace
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US11/887,871
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US20080267250A1 (en
Inventor
Paolo Argenta
Silvio Reali
Claudio Lodati
Mauro Bianchi Ferri
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Tenova SpA
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Techint Compagnia Tecnica Internazionale SpA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
    • F27D21/0035—Devices for monitoring the weight of quantities added to the charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
    • C21C5/567—Manufacture of steel by other methods operating in a continuous way
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F27B3/183—Charging of arc furnaces vertically through the roof, e.g. in three points
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/28—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or the like devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/28—Arrangements of linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0024—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge of metallic workpieces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C2005/5288—Measuring or sampling devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2300/00—Process aspects
    • C21C2300/02—Foam creation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0028—Regulation
    • F27D2019/0075—Regulation of the charge quantity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/54—

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to equipment for the measurement and control of feeding load material and scrap into a furnace and the relative method, in particular for the measuring and control of continuous feeding.
  • This control is equally as important in order to guarantee that the electrical power supply to the electrodes is as homogeneous as possible, also avoiding direct contact between solid material and the electrodes, a contact that could cause the rupture of the electrodes.
  • said control is performed by an operator, the line controller, who manually regulates the scrap loading system speed according to his personal experience and his impression of the amount of load material or scrap loaded in the furnace.
  • the line controller who manually regulates the scrap loading system speed according to his personal experience and his impression of the amount of load material or scrap loaded in the furnace.
  • the indirect control method is based on geometric methods which, beginning with a reading of the liquid level, convert this data to volume data (and therefore weight), a conversion that clearly depends on the presumed profile of the refractory tank inside the furnace shell.
  • the furnace shell profile is strictly linked with erosive phenomena that the liquid metal provokes in the refractory, phenomena, which are often violent and unpredictable. Inevitably with time, this results in a lack of precision in the tarring curve used to compare the level reading and the volume calculation. Considering said lack of precision and the high specific weight of iron, the measured data will reveal quite a large error, and therefore this technique cannot be used for precision control.
  • the weight reading systems In the case of the direct control method, a method that is based on a direct weighing of the furnace shell structure, the weight reading systems must be located in specific zones such as support uprights and beams, which however, support not only the weight of the furnace shell, but also all the support structures, systems and sub systems of the furnace. Therefore the amount of the load material or scrap metal included constitutes only a limited percentage fraction of the measured weight, and this involves all the various aspects of lack of precision. This lack of precision becomes so great that any measurements performed can be considered reliable only as far as quality is concerned.
  • the general aim of the present invention is therefore to resolve the aforesaid problems in a simple, economical and particularly functional manner.
  • It is another object of the present invention is a method for measuring and controlling the feeding of the load material or scrap metal into an electric arc furnace that includes the following steps:
  • the feeding of the load material or scrap metal into an electric arc furnace should be continuous.
  • the weighing device of the furnace shell and any other components it may support provides for a support structure for the furnace shell composed of support rollers.
  • rollers The function of such rollers is to recover any deviation in shape induced by the heat cycle.
  • the weighing device operates with dual redundancy, at least on two of the support rollers that comprise the measuring rollers. Therefore, preferably at least two support rollers mounted on the equipment according to the present invention act as measuring rollers.
  • the measuring rollers are equipped with sensors for direct or indirect weight reading.
  • a third support roller can also act as a measuring roller equipped with sensors for direct or indirect weight reading.
  • the automatic device for controlling the feeding of the load material or scrap metal includes connection and control systems for the means used to feed or load the load material or scrap.
  • the automatic device or system for management and control acquires a reading of the precise measurement supplied by the weighing device, differential over a period of time, which measures in a continuous manner the amount of load material or scrap metal added to the bath, by weighing the furnace shell, its contents and all components it may support.
  • the automatic management and control system thus operates on the scrap metal feeding speed to prevent any solid agglomerates that form from being sent into the bath at any energy level whatsoever (electrical and/or chemical).
  • a main advantage of the equipment and method according to the present invention is the fact that by controlling the ratio between the supplied energy and weight of loaded material (scrap), the temperature of the liquid metal can be controlled, maintaining it close to the ideal value for the cycle, and being able to operate constantly at the maximum energy yielded to the bath, and therefore contributing towards raising the productive efficiency.
  • the solution adopted according to the present invention is particularly advantageous, as it is based on a choice of general furnace configuration derived from a well-tested design and constructive scheme, but with the addition of a data acquisition method that is absolutely innovative.
  • the constructive scheme of the furnace proposed is based on the separation of the various functions: the function of containing the smelted material requires a compact structure, as light as possible, comprised of only the furnace shell and any other components it may support.
  • the furnace shell weighs on the support structure by means of the rollers, whose additional function is to recover any deviation in shape induced by the heat cycle.
  • rollers support the structure involved in smelting as little as possible, and therefore they are the best solution for providing efficient instrumentation aimed at monitoring the weight of the scrap metal to be added.
  • the equipment and method according to the present invention are also applicable to all operating methods that involve the addition of liquid or solid metal, in a more or less continuous manner during the operating cycle.
  • It is another object of the present invention to provide equipment for refining steel comprising:
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are side elevation views of technical solutions according to the state of the art
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are side elevation views of an embodiment of the system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an EAF furnace whose tilting platform ( 5 ) (for slagging, tapping or emptying operations) is supported by wheels ( 3 ) positioned on support bases ( 6 ).
  • the furnace shell ( 1 ) is set by means of suitable supports ( 2 ) on the tilting platform ( 5 ).
  • the side opening ( 4 ′) is used to feed the scrap metal, by means of a conveyor ( 4 ) if necessary, with a continuous feeding procedure such as that provided by the CONSTEEL® system, for example.
  • the traditional configuration is sometimes equipped with instruments for reading the weight by means of sensors located in the axes of the EAF furnace support wheels ( 3 ).
  • the embodiment shown in the FIGS. 3 and 4 refers to the invention according to the present invention.
  • the tilting platform ( 5 ) is mounted on the support base ( 6 ), and the furnace shell ( 1 ) is set on suitable supports ( 2 ) on the platform.
  • the furnace shell support system is composed of at least two rollers ( 7 ).
  • the weight readers or sensors are mounted inside such rollers ( 7 ). Purely as an example, and by no means in a limiting manner, these sensors can be mounted with dual redundancy in the roller ( 7 ) axes and be composed of shearing stress sensors.
  • the weighed portion is composed of the furnace shell ( 1 ) only, as shown in FIG. 3 , which weighs much less than that shown in FIG. 1 (furnace shell ( 1 ) plus tilting platform ( 5 )), and therefore the sensors in the rollers ( 7 ), under less strain, can be designed with far greater precision capacity.
  • the data acquisition reading (see FIG. 5 ) together with a suitable calculation algorithm, permits step monitoring of the scrap metal feeding into the furnace shell ( 1 ) in real time through the opening ( 4 ′) by means of the conveyor ( 4 ).
  • the data acquisition system ( FIG. 5 ) then processes said information, also according to the energy at the furnace inlet, making it available for the line operator, as well as for the continuous scrap metal feeding control system ( 4 ) as described in FIG. 5 (such as the Consteel® system, for example).
  • the application of the solution according to the present invention allows real time measurement ( FIG. 4 ) of the load material and has a considerable influence on the simplification of the construction of EAF furnace systems with possible continuous feeding equipment (the Consteel® system, for example).
  • load material or “scrap metal” used in the present description and in the subordinate claims refers to the load material for continuous smelting, comprised of iron scrap, cast iron, directly reduced iron in the form of peens or fragments and/or a blend of both.
  • load flow optimising can be calculated according to suitable algorithms.
  • the equipment and method management and control device regulates the load material or scrap metal feeding speed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
US11/887,871 2005-04-13 2006-04-07 Equipment for measurement and control of load material or scrap feeding into a furnace and relative method Active 2031-11-26 US9170050B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI2005A000626 2005-04-13
ITMI20050626 ITMI20050626A1 (it) 2005-04-13 2005-04-13 Apparato per la misura e il controllo dell'alimentazione di materiale di carica o rottame ad un forno e relativo procedimento
ITMI2005A0626 2005-04-13
PCT/EP2006/003529 WO2006108691A1 (en) 2005-04-13 2006-04-07 Equipment for measurement and control of load material or scrap feeding into a furnace and relative method

Related Parent Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2006/003529 A-371-Of-International WO2006108691A1 (en) 2005-04-13 2006-04-07 Equipment for measurement and control of load material or scrap feeding into a furnace and relative method

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US9170050B2 true US9170050B2 (en) 2015-10-27

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US (2) US9170050B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1872074B2 (zh)
JP (1) JP5449766B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101368078B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101006314B (zh)
AR (1) AR054437A1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2006233738B2 (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0609116A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2604767C (zh)
DE (1) DE102005023133B4 (zh)
EG (1) EG24763A (zh)
ES (1) ES2560451T3 (zh)
IT (1) ITMI20050626A1 (zh)
MA (1) MA29445B1 (zh)
MX (1) MX2007012522A (zh)
MY (1) MY144261A (zh)
NO (1) NO20075189L (zh)
PL (1) PL1872074T3 (zh)
RU (1) RU2417346C2 (zh)
TW (1) TWI356153B (zh)
UA (1) UA90891C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2006108691A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA200708746B (zh)

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US20160298907A1 (en) * 2013-04-12 2016-10-13 Refrectory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG Method for determining the state of the tap of a metallurgical vessel in particular
US10935320B2 (en) 2013-04-12 2021-03-02 Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for determining the state of a refractory lining of a metallurgical vessel for molten metal in particular

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ITUD20080019A1 (it) 2008-02-01 2009-08-02 Danieli Officine Meccaniche Spa Procedimento di controllo per la fusione di una carica metallica e dispositivo di pesatura utilizzato in tale procedimento
DE102009016774A1 (de) 2009-04-07 2010-10-14 Fuchs Technology Holding Ag Chargiervorrichtung
DE202009011798U1 (de) 2009-09-01 2009-11-19 Schmidt Verwaltungs Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Wiegen einer Schmelze in einem Ofen
DE202010003092U1 (de) 2010-03-02 2010-05-27 Schmidt Verwaltungs Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Wiegen einer Schmelze in einem Ofen
IT1401529B1 (it) 2010-08-18 2013-07-26 Tenova Spa Metodo e sistema di controllo e tracking della carica di materiale trasportata da un convogliatore continuo di alimentazione di un forno metallurgico, particolarmente un forno elettrico per la produzione di acciaio
DE102010047516A1 (de) 2010-10-05 2012-04-05 Fuchs Technology Holding Ag Chargiervorrichtung
JP5652953B2 (ja) * 2011-02-25 2015-01-14 東邦チタニウム株式会社 金属溶製用溶解炉およびこれを用いた合金インゴットの溶製方法
DE102011017443B4 (de) 2011-04-18 2015-12-24 Schenck Process Gmbh Lagerpunktvorrichtung für eine Wägeeinrichtung
BR112014015842B1 (pt) * 2012-01-03 2018-10-09 Abb Research Ltd método para fusão de aço
CN102969484A (zh) * 2012-10-29 2013-03-13 宜兴市前锦炉业设备有限公司 一种锂离子正极材料全自动生产线
CN102967150B (zh) * 2012-11-26 2014-08-13 罕王实业集团有限公司 Plc控制的节能环保型红土镍矿冶炼竖炉上料控制系统
ITUD20130052A1 (it) * 2013-04-23 2014-10-24 Danieli Off Mecc Procedimento per la fusione di materiale metallico in un impianto di fusione e relativo impianto di fusione
ITUD20130148A1 (it) * 2013-11-12 2015-05-13 Danieli Off Mecc Procedimento per la fusione di minerali contenenti ferro, titanio e vanadio
DE102016209238A1 (de) 2016-05-27 2017-11-30 Sms Group Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erfassen einer Förderrate eines flüssigen Materials
CN111566429B (zh) * 2017-12-15 2022-05-27 丹尼尔和科菲森梅克尼齐有限公司 用于冶炼厂的熔炉及其操作方法
IT201800007649A1 (it) * 2018-07-31 2020-01-31 Tenova Spa Apparato per la misura e il controllo dell’alimentazione di materiale di carica ad un forno
DE102018216539A1 (de) 2018-09-27 2020-04-02 Sms Group Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Elektrolichtbogenofens
KR102163848B1 (ko) * 2018-11-07 2020-10-12 에이블맥스(주) 스크랩 밀도를 이용한 전기로 조업방법

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