US901441A - Selective signaling system. - Google Patents

Description

0'. w. HART;

SELBGTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLIUATION 111.211 AUG. 1o. 1907. v

Patented 061,20, 190s.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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o. W. HART. SBLEGTWB s IGNALING SYSTEM.

, APPLICATION FILED AUG. 10, 1907; 49()1,4:4=1 Patentedy Oct.- 20, 1908.

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lo. w. HART. ISISLEU'IIIVE SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLICATION PILD AUG. 10, 190'1.

Patented rot. 20, 1908.

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. o; W. HART. y sBLEcTrvB' SIGNALING SYSTEM. 4APPLICLATIOIj FILED AUG.'10, 1907.

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o. w. HART; SBLEGTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILBVD AUG. 10, 1907. l'

10 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

Q S S 13s x 21a :'71 z 6 621 5a f y8l 1 5 60 y A v Mm A -\1 O. W. HART. SELEOTIVE SI'GNALING SYSTEM. APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 1o, 1901.

' ,Pantd 001:.20, 1908.

o. w. HART.

SELEGTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLIUATION FILED AUG. 1o, 19074 A V Patented 001). 20, 1908. 1o SHEETS-SHEET 1.

0. W. HART. SELECTIYE SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLICATION PILBDVAUG. 10, 1907.

Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

10 SHEETS-SHEET B.

v0.1w. HART. sELEcTm: SIGNALLNG SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 10, 1907.

Patented 001;.20, 190s.

9o1,441.- A i ORLANDO wxnART, or FAL'L RIVER, MassAci-irsi-zris.

SELECTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

Application led August 10, 1907. Serial No. 388,024.

To all whom it may concern:

'Beit llznow'n that I, ORLANDO W. HART, a citizen of 'the United States, residing at Fall River, in the county of Bristol and State of Massachusetts, have invented a'cert-nin new and useful Selective Signalingr System, of which the followingr is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

My invention relates to signal systems that may be employed, as in connection with railroads.

A Tlie principal objects of my invention are,

First, to provide means whereby an operator at one place, as acentral station, can caifsc a signal at any one of two or more other places, to be set, and automatically locked in operative position until, in response to it, the person signalingr back to the central station', restores it`to normal position:

Second,to provide means wherebyupon the locking of the signal which has been set,

a record of the locking ofthe signal which has been set, is made'at said central station, and indicates that the signal is set, and locked in position;

Third, to provide means whereby a series of selector instruments may be s nchronized during the initial part of asigna setting,r operation; and, if desired, duringY the final part of the operation also, for additional safety Fourth, to provide. a selector with a neutral point, so that a tripping circuit controlled by said selector, is dlsconnected when the selector is in synchronizing position, so that lightning may be prevented from entering the coils Fifth, to provide a transmitting device which, by reason of its transmitting wheel, is adapted to be adjusted so as to control certain electrical circuits, that any one of two or more signals, distant from the transmitting device may, by suitable electro-magnetic devices, be operated;

Sixth, to provide unimagnetic armature to effect synchronous selection; the operation of the armature being the same, and independent of the polar direction of the energizing current. A -In this way the maintenance .ofa fixed terminal to insure proper direction of current, is eliminated Seventh, to provide a selector movement whichmay be removably secured at any sta` .Eighth, to prevent tion; i

snow and ice. from 1nterfering with the operation ofthe signal;

lector instrument may be quic'lgly adapted for use in connection with any of the signal stations; f

Tenth, to send a proper current to set a signal, the action of which will breali the operating circuit and thus leave the line clear;

Eleventh, to provide an answering circuit of `high resistance. and a low operating current to prevent the burningr of the break wheel and contact at theJ stations;

Twelfth, to provide means to operate selector instruments over one circuit, and to set the signal, and to receive the answer back over an independent circuit; I

Thirteenth, toprovide means for locking the transmitter, to prevent any change being made at any point, exccpt'at normal position Fourteenth, to operate a mechanical switch, or commutator, by means of a motor, which in turn, is released by a break wheel, at each impulse; a quick and positive break being thereby obtained; and any sticking obviated; Y

Fifteenth, to provide means, beyond the control ofthe operator, whereby there may be made for only the management, a record of the operation of the bolt, and of the time it was' operated;

Sixteenth, to provide means whereby re- Ninth, to providemeans whereby a secording paper is supplied to the recording,r

ap aratus, only during a fixed period, con tro led by the trip andanswer back segment of the break wheel of the transmitter;

Seventeeth, to provide means to sustain, release, and restore a signal rod to normal position g 'E`ghteenth, to provide means where'b a signal system avoids sneak circuits, an( is operative under different atmospheric conditions; i. e. is not affected by exposure to weather.

I found in my experiments, which took place in my laboratory in the development of this invention, that the devices and cir-v cuits as thus constructed, were such that while -they would operate perfectly under cover, they would not operate for any extended period when placed in actual position, out of doors where they were designed to be used. I finally discovered that the real causes of the failure were due toline troubles, grounds, atmospheric changes, which resulted in sneak currents, crosses, and disoperations of the stations. The circuits and l the door being open; Fig. 2 6 is a cross-secapparatus shown and described herein, over- .come among others, all of these objections due to such currents, and may now be used with certainty of action, in the openair. In general, these objections may be said to be overcome by use of a selector circuit and an independent trip circuit, either of which is idle Ywhile the other isactive.

The other objects of my invention and the means employed to accomplish them will become plain hereinafter.

igure 1 is a diagrammatic view of the wiring, and connections made by the transmitting device; 2 shows a diagrammatic view o the connections necessary to operate the selector instruments by the transmitter; Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing the necessary wiring controlled by the transmitter for producing'reverse currents neces- 'sary to releasel the selector instruments; Fig. v4 is a like view of the electrical connections necessa first, to trip av signal station; second, to ridge a portion of the trip circuit; third, to`o erate a time stamp printing device; and. iburth', to receive and record answer back-impulses. Fig. 5 isa like view showing` the main wires to which the wiring shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 are connected, 30

and to which-are connected also the station wires and apparatus employed atthestation; Fig. 6 is a side elevation of my transmitter device Fig. 7 is a plan of same; Fig.l 8 is a detail plan of circuit controlling levers, partly in section; Fig. `9 is an elevation of said detail; Fig. 10 is a cross-section on line 10X-10X, Fig.` 6, particularly to show the method of locking and unlocking the transmitting wheel and tri lping' and registering segment; Fig. 11 is a etail in cross-section,

'of said locking means; Fig.l 12 is a front elev'ation Fig. 13 is'a like view, the locking pin and arm moving away from each other;

Fig. 14' shows a semaphore provided with its local controlling apparatus; Fig..l'5is a perspective Aview showin'g means for supporting, tripping, and restoring the semap ore to' normal position; Fig. 16 is a like View, partly in section to show the latch in engagement with its supportingsurface Fig. 17 shows v1n rsp'ective, the means', illustrated in Fi 15,

ut after the semaphore has4 dropped; ige.

l=18, 18, `19, 20 and 21 are res ectiv'ely a front elevation, aside elevation o 'a detail, a side' elevation,- an opposite. side eleva-tion', and a piani, of selecting "and tripping demic/esili)-4 ated at eachsignalstation; Fig. 22 1 s a secripl ciri cuit terminals, "anda metal `member' to be .moved'into `and outof contact with 'it and its `sociate terminal; Fig. 23 shows in per? ectiv, .the'devices shown in Figs.- 18 to 22 i inclusive; ligiiisfa--perspectve-view of my device, proper electrical circuits for said devices, and a locking device for locking' the signaling device in signaling position; while the second is attained by employing the signaling device in combination with a record transmitting device, recording device, and suitable electrical circuits connecting said transmitting device and recording device, all designed to show whether or not the signal required, was set and locked.

In the drawings illustrating the principles of my invention, and the best inode now known to inebf embodying those principles, are shown, apparatus actually employed upon a single track electric car line with sidings to enable cars to pass when going in op posite directions. It is at these meeting points, called stations, that the signal device of my invention has been demonstrated by eperiment, to be of exceeding value, not o y as a convenience for calling crews to telephone for orders, but also for guarding against the greatest danger both steam and electric roads'have, namely the instability o huriiaii memory. 'It puts a check upon t e disp aying a signal which,'when. once set, remains so unti one of the crew unlocks it for no one but one of the crew can unlock it. Further, as the crew knows thatI a record of every signal set, is automatically,v made atthe central station, and that to goby the signal without unlocking, resettin ,..and reporting to the central station, Wou d be discovered, the lcrew unlocks, and'resets the signal, and reports-for orders.

.The first feature of my invention resides in a transmitting' device whereby the num ber and kind ofimpulses desired, may be automatically sent .through the various circuits.

fprimary selection ofthe number and kind o impulses, is determined by a trans- 'mitting' wheel 5 0, Figs.v 6, 7 and'8, mounted u on a shaft 5 1 in beari-ngs'in aira'me 52.'

ovementA is imparted to it by any suitable by a governor 53.

\ The circumference of the :transmittingwheel 50is spaced, for example, `for 66l teeth.

'Forl one portion of .the-',circuinference,

twenty-one or more teeth 54am cut,; there being at least as 'many of such teeth-'as there aref stations, so. that there is a tooth 'cor--v responding to its respective station.. These teeth 'Ina-ybcdesignated as the primai'ylres 12o meansgaiid its speed may becontrfolled, as.

toration teeth, and are employed, as will appear in detail later, to insure the restoration of the si nal apparatus at each o'f the stations. T 1e next two-spaces 55 for teeth are left blank, so that an impulse reversing circuit lever 58, to be described, resumes normal position, or is at rest, and during said period of rest a pin 57 on the transmitting wheel operates a synchronizing lever 58 for the purpose of completing a reverse circuit, of loar current, the purpose of which will be made plain-hereinafter. The following fortyone spaces 59 are cut into a corresponding number of teeth; one portion of these teeth,

which We will call -the selecting portion, be-V ing employed to select the signal station wanted, and the other portion, we will call the secondary restoring portion.

registering circuit plate 60 is adjustab yse-l cured to the transmitting wheel, and is of such len h and form that it renders twenty of sai forty-one teeth inoperative; thatvis, if

, only one of the selecting teeth is operative,

twenty of the restori-n teeth are operative; if the position' of the p ate in relation to the -forty-one teeth 59,'is` changed, vand five of the selecting -teeth are rendered operative, then sixteen'of the restoring teeth are operative.;

if twenty of the forty-one selecting teeth are made operative, there is only one restoring tooth exposed, and the one selecting tooth .becomes the secondaryT restoring tooth, andv afterits operation, all the selecting apparatus at the twenty stations is in normal position.

.The next two teeth spaces are blank, and

represent that the transmitting wheel has returned to normal position and completed one revolution. tialA spaces are now accounted for. This trip and registering lcircuitplate 60 is free to turn upon the transmitting wheel shaft 51,

- but it may be secured in its relation to the forty-one teeth 59, upon the transmitting w el 50, by means of a lock pin 61 mounted in t e plate, and adapted to engage each of the twenty holes 62 in 'the transmitting wheel; each hole being so spaced. that a movement of the plate one hole, renders operative or inoperative the' next adjacent tooth of the transmitting wheel 50.

A station dial 63 having thereon figures v fro'm 1 to 20, inclusive, and lock holes 63,

corresponding to the number of signal stations, 1s fixed to the frame 52. A pointer 64,

which `has a pin'64 to engage said lockholesy 63.*, andmay be moved oversaid dial, is

and

The sixty-six circumferen teeth, and sixteen of the teeth 59', become -restoring teeth. If station 15 is in' the operators mind, then when; he moves the pointer to No. 15, on the dial, the fifteen exposed teeth constitute the selecting or` station teeth, and six, the secondary restoring teeth of the transmitting wheel. In short, by moving the pointer to any particular number on the dial, the corresponding number lof selecting teeth and 'the complementarynumber of restoring teeth, will be exposed. But

tering circuit plate 60 into and out ofengagement with the transmitting wheel 50, the arm andthe pointer are fixed to the shaft member 66, Fig.l 10, having an axis common with that of the transmittmg shaft, and being retained in said axis by means of a pin 67 free tol be turned in-a bearing in the transmitting shaft 51'. This construction permits an axial movement of the .sha-ft member 66, pointer 64 and` arm 65, to be brought about by the use of a handle 68, seeuredto the shaft member 66, say, as in the manner shown. A pull upon the handle, away from the ap aratus, Flgs. 10, 11, 12, disengages the loeli pin 61 and the pointer 64 from the A.transmitting wheel 50, and the dial 63, respectively; and then by turning the handle until the pointer indicates the number of the station wanted, and allowing the handle to be moved towards the apparatus, as by springs 69, 70, respectively, on the arm 65, and the frame 63, and in enga ement with the plate 65, and a groove in t e shaft member 66, (such engagement allowing the springs to operate, notwithstanding movements of the cooperating parts) the pointer 64 becoming fixed to the dial, and the trip and registering circuit plate '60 to the transmitting wheel 50.

without interfermgwith the arm 65, (Which itis to be remembered, is locked in position by the pin pointer 611*iL in engagement with one of the series of holes 63 in the dial, under thenumbers) the lock pin is provided with portion of the arm 65 when there is relative Vmovement between the arm and the plate, freely asses by the head and over the neck, as in i s. 1'0, 11. When, however, the arm and ock pin are in their stationary and normalpositions, Fig. 11, and the'arm 65 is next moved away from the plate, then, obviously, a slot 65 in the free end portion. of the arm 65, engages thehead 71 of the -pin arm by a turn of the handle 68, t e arm carries the lock pin, and hence the plate '60 along with it, the transmitting wheel 50 relmaining stationary. By allowing the pointer 64, and thus Aits lock pin 64,to move and to move the lock pin 61 of the tr1p and regis-4 a head71 and a neck 72, so that the free end become locked to the dial, when the pointerV In order that the transmitting wheel, i plate, and lock in maybe' moved together 61, and if a rotary movement 1s 'ven to the points to the right number on the dial,`the

not interfere with a rotary movement of the transmitting wheel 50 and the plate 60,

Fig. 13.

The movement desired to be given to the transmitting wheel, may be imparted'through .any suitable mechanism, as by a weight 80,

Fig. 6, actin upon an arm S1 on a shaft 82, and provide with gear teeth that mesh with a pinion 33 operatively connected with Athe transmitting wheel shaft 51.

The transmitting wheel 50 is designed to revolve once for each complete operation of the transmitter, and, for a reason that will be made plain later, the weighted driving shaft 82 during each cycle of operation, moves, say, only a uarter of a revolution, forward and back t e forward movement being due to the Weight 80 and therearward movement, to the movement of ahand crank 34 fixed to the driving shaft 82. Its forward movement is sto ped by the engagement of. a lock arm 85, Fig. 7, fixed to the driving shaft 82, with the pin i 57, in the Aface of the transmitting wheel; While the rearward movement is stop ed by. a pin 87 -in the driving shaft 82, whic en a es the end of a slot 88 in asleeve 89 on sai shaft, themovement of said sleeve being arrested by a lock vlever 90 normally restin in a circumferential channel 91, in the hub o the arm 65. I Will state at this point that this channel is of such width that when this locklever 90 does not lie in this groove,

j; e. when the transmitter is not in operation, but in itsnormal position, the pointer 64, and arm 65 are free to be'moved axially, jenou h tounlock the ointer from its dial,

and t e plate 60 from t e transmitting wheel but-once the transmitter is in operative positionand vthe weight `80 is read to act, vthis lock vlever 90 lies 4in the charme 91, and

fills up so much of the width of it that the extreme unlocking movement is impossi-ble, until thegtransmitter hasreturned to normal position, and the lock lever is out of the channel;

It will-'now be clear, that by moving the crank handle 84 to' its extreme backward limit, the weight 80, acting on the driving shaft, through the gears thereon, the pinion, and the lselecting shaft 51, will cause the transmitting wheel 50 to turn, and. when the latter has completed one revolution, the lock lever 85, on the driving shaft 82, and the pin 57 in the transmitting wheel will enga e each other, and the transmitting shaft wil sto in its normal position. lBut just before this revolution is completed, the pin 87 in the driving shaft, meets the other end of the slot 'inclined .88, in the hub of the locking lever 90, lifts the .latter out of vthe channel 91, on the trans,

mitting Wheel shaft 51, andthe pointer 64,

` and segment 65, after'the shaft has come to rest, are free to be set in the manner, several times before, described. But the transmitting wheel and shaft are designed to have all which engages a single toothed whee 93 fast.

to the transmitting shaft 51. By this construction,lwhen the Weight 80 vis in action, the pawl engages a tooth, and a movement of the transmitting wheel 50 results. When the weight is not` acting i. e. when the transmitting apparatus is being moved into osition for action, the pa l moves out o engagement with the tooth, i '.id the transmitting wheel remains still.

In order that the speedof the selecting wheel may be uniform, there maybe used any suitable speed regulating device, as the centrifugal governor 53, operatingthrough suitable gearsand inions upon the shafts, as shown, all of w ich is readily understood. Without further description.

Having now described 'the apparatus primarily employed to pick out the circuits and when, I will now explain its' operation, and the other devices .acted upon mechanically by said primary apparatus'. Y l

To insure the restoration of all of the selectors. at the twenty stations,to` normal position, a selecting or. restoring circuit must e completed and broken twenty-one or more times. To do this,` the transmitting Wheel is set into motion. .'A selectinglever 100, Fig. 7, fast to a shaft 101, mounted in the frame 52, is given'a vibratory movement, in one direction by a spring 102 engaging its free `end ortion andan op osite movement by the face of each tooth, as 54. This vibratory movement is transmitted -through ico the shaft to a releasing arm 103, Figs. 6, 7,

having a lock pin 104 thereon, which, in a way to be'late'r described, controlsl com- Y mutators 105, 105, employed to complete the restoring circuit, to restore the selector instruments-at the several stations to normal position. The power used to move these commutators, may be a Weight 1706,' or other suitable device. A drum 107 having a coil of cord '108, and the weight 106 is operatively mounted on a power shaft 109 in bearings in the frame. shaft 109 meshes with alpinion. 111 upon a speed regulating shaft 112, controlled, as by a fan 113. Fixed to the oppositefree end of the regulating shaft 112, is a re ulating arm A gear 110 upon this power.

114 which is normally held-stil by the env Ygagement of its locking pin 115, with that t 104 4of the releasing arm 103. Hence upon each forward and back movement of thereleasing arin, due to each operative tooth on` the transmitting wheel, t elreleasi-ng arm stops and then releases the registering arm 114, and, as a result, the regulating shaft makes one revolution,for the complete operation of each of the exposed teeth on the transmitting wheel.

Fixed to a commutator shaft.1`16, also having bearn s in the frame, is a pinion 117 upon whic there is the same number of teeth as that on the regulating shaft 112. As it meshes'with the gear 110 on the drum, the commutator shaft and the regulating V shaft revolve simultaneously, and in unison. There are twov pair of contacts 1, 2 and 3, 4, in the selecting circuit; one for each of the commutators, 105, 1052*. As these commutators -are fixed'to the shaft, theycomplete the circuit,l used as a selecting or a restoring circuit as the case may be, once for the action of each exposed toothon the transmitting wheel.

When vthe weighted cord 108 has become unwound from the drum, it may be rewound, as by the use of a key; a pavvl 120 ivoted on the driving Wheel 11() engaging, urin this operation, the' teeth of a ratchet on the rum. After all of the twenty-one primary restoringv teeth 54 have acted, a reversing pin 57 en. ga es the headfof the pawl or reversing circuit lever. 58 fast to a sleeve 132 on the releasing, shaft 101, and, b means of a circuit closing arm 133integra With the sleeve, a momentary contact is madev with two air of terminals 5, 7 and 6, 8, partly dotted, ig. 7, to com lete a releasing or synchronizing cir cuit to explained hereinafter. But While this reversing pin 57 and reversing current lever 5 are' in' engagement, a make and break contactarm 136, fixed to the transmitting wheel shaft 51, engages, two termi-` nals 27a and 27", in the synchronizing circuit, so -that v areverse current can iiow, onlyfor the period ,of time' the reversing pin 57 and circuity lever 58 are in contact to control the. :synchronizing impulse, otherwise, if there Awere no terminals 27a and 27 b there 'would be -j-not' a momentary, but a continuous flow of current through the resistance H, which would result in' an unnecessariT consumption o f current, and a wasteful heating of the resistance.

The tripping and registering, circuit plate 60 moves into andout 'of en agement With a g trip and reviste'ring circuit ever 139, `which by means o a circuit closing arm'140, causes a tripping and registering circuit to be closed at contacts 10, 12, F' 7, for each revolution of the transmitting W eel. To this arm 140 4isfixedan insulating bar 140, havin a metallic' pin 1401. therethrough to comp ete the circuit between terminalsor contacts 10, 1 2.

In the head 141, Figs. 8, 9., of the trip cir- 66 cuit lever 139, is a pin 142 which plays in a 'slot 143 in the head 144 of the selecting lever 100, the pinV andvslot being so arranged that when Vthe registering circuit level' engages the trip and registering plate 60, the pin 142 abuts the end of' the slot 143, and holds the 70 head out of contact with selecting teeth of the transmitting Wheel, until the trip and registering circuit lever 139 disengag'es the late, then the selecting lever 100 is operated y the secondar ,or exposed teeth, to restore the remain er of the stations to normal osition. But just as the trip and registering1 circuit lever and theplate engage each ot er, a pin or segment 145 in the plate 60 engages a bridging lever head 146, which inSt turn is connected to Lan arm 147, provided with an insulating bar 148, and metallic ins 148', 1481, to simultaneously open and c ose a bridging circuit, having contacts 13, 14, and a time recording circuit, having contacts 149,' 150. .The reverse current arm 133 is provided With a similar bar and metal pins to make and break the reverse circuit.

I have now described the construction and operation of so much of the transmitting de-` vice as is used in completing a primary restoring circuit, a releasing circuit, a selecting circuit, a trip circuit, a time recording circuit, and a secondary restorin circuit.

The resulting electrica impulses brought about by the transmitter, pass through suitable circuits, to be described; and are utilized to operate at each station, means, called a selector. The selector automatically picks" vout a particular trip a paratus that controls 1'00 the desired signal, suc 4as a semaphore; and the tri apparatus, selected, is then operated throng r an electrical` circuit, conveniently called a trip circuit, andY controlled auto- I matically 5y the transmitter. This selectorJO is mounted in an iron signal box 160, Fig. 14, fixed to a pole 161, having a semaphore 162 Y of any desired construction'. A sema hore rod 163 is operativel connected wit the selector, ina Way exp ained later. When the door of the b'ox is unlocked and thrown o en, the selector appears, asin Figs. 25, 26. he selector is mounted on insulating material, as a. liece of slate 170, secured to the back of the ox. vBrackets 171, fixed to a base which is removably fixed to the slate, sustain at thev top and bottom two selector electro- magnets 172, 173, which are in the selecting circuit. A11 armature 174 .is pivotally mounted over the poles of the magnets; While aratchet Wheel 175, free to turn with-a shaft 176, in standards 177 on the top bracket, is operated by two spring pawls 178, 179, Figs. 19, 26, secured to the armature 174, and on opposite sides of the ratchet wheel 175. They alternately engage the teeth '-of the ratchet wheel, upon the downwardv and the-upward movements of the armature; the upward movement being brought about by a spring 180", when the 130 magnets are (le-magnetized. lo-prevent the ratchet wheel, for4 any reason, moving more than one tooth whenever the magnets are to t e armature,

engages the moving surface of theewheel, and

insures the stoppage of the Wheel, at the end of the downward movement of the armature. This ratchet wheel is rovided with one tooth for each station, an an extra or neutral tooth by which the ratchet wheel is moved into its normal orsynchronous position, so that after the entire number of restoring impulses have been sent by the transmitter, the ratchet Wheel will be in its normal osition.

material," this bythe selecting or by 'the restoring circuit.;A

and being held there by residual magnetism until such time as the weak reverse current releases it and rmitsl the ratchet wheel to l move the rest ein the extrav tooth space Vbefore the selecting 'impulses are sent. An adjustable'springf185, which. draws the armature and-hence the datent, away from the shaft pin 182, is sufficiently strong to hold the armature away from the cores of he magnets, while the weak reverse current is inthe magnets, but not strong enough to overcome the attraction resulting or its residual magnetic attraction. The selector ratchet wheels at all of the stations, after the restoring im u lses are sent out, are thus locked in normal) or synchronous position, preparatory to being released, and then moved by the selecting impulses sent by the transmitter. By completing the reverse releasing circuit, and permittin the weak reverse current to pass throug v'the selector magnets 172,' 173, the polarit of the magnets becomes opposite, and tlie consequent repulsion allows the draw the armature 184 out of influence of the magnets. The detent 183 and armature move out 'of engagement with the lock in 182, and pernm't the selector spri 180 to move the armature 184 to its fglq extent. The selecting magnets at all of the `,stations n are now ready to vrespond to theJselecting im ulses.

ounted upOn the selector-wheel shaft 176, is xt piece of insulating material 1.7 7, havin fixe theretov a metallic piece 178 whic may be moved into contact with two contacts 179x, 180, to complete the trip circuit employed to operate a slgnal. This metallic maglnetized,.a brakepiece 181, alsov secured Inor er that each selector 'be surearmature 184.

from the main current,-

spring 185 to.' act and' the transmitter be vsetto send two a station, the frame line, when used in a i cuits, the relative rm; is so located in its relation toig ock pin 182 of the selector wheel 175 tllit whenever a predetermined number'of impulses correspondin to the number of the station are sent ou't/iy the transmitter, this 70 metallic piece 178x will be in contact withv the trip circuit terminals, 179x, 180, Figs. 18, Thus upon one selecting impulse, that ortion of the trip circuit at stationv No. 1, w` be closed; and ready to be finally completed by the transmitting device. Should selecting impulses, then by two selecting impulses the selecting ratchet wheel at station No. 2, will cause that-portionof the tri circuit at said station to become completed and ready for transmitter' to com lete nall f the tri circuit. The same ru e of operation apphes to each-succeeding station.

That the selector `a paratus may be port- 8'5 able and interchanv'ea le, that is, capable of:l use at any one of the different stations, it made detachable from the station box and the trip circuit completing member 178 isadjustably secured to theselecting shaft.

Fixed. to this shaftis a toothed wheel 190,

having the same number of teeth as does the Y ratchet wheel 175, that is, one for each station and. one extra or neutral tooth. The insulating member 177 t and the trip circuit 95 ,completing member 178A thereon, are freely g5 mounted upon the shaft, and a awl 191';y pivoted to the insulating mem er, may; against the tension of a spring, be raised out o en agement with the Shoul it be desirable to use this apparatusl' for example, at station No. 4', then by having the paWl engage tooth No. 4, Fig. 23, the trip circuit completing member 178 will, after l four selecting im ulses, engage the two contacts 179, 180, o the tri-p clrcuitwTo detachably secure t apparatus to the boxo'f hassomc latch members; in this case, some of its selecting circuit terminals 200, 200, 2001 200, 11 igs. v211i 25, ,i adapted to removabl engage slotted spring terminal 201 fast to t c box and, instead of employing screws 202 in addition, as inFigs. 25, 26, use can be made of pins 203, Fig. 18 fixed in the insulation, and designed to engage guide members 204, Fi s. 18, 19, 21',

orming part of the magnet ame. In order, however, 'that the selector apparatus may be used at any one 0f the stations on the. multiple circuit, the line drop, that is the drop in potential inlthe'circuit from the generator to the end of the' line, must be considered.v In multiple cirresisltance 'of each station must be equal, in order thateach station may' take its equal portion of the current on the line. To accomplish this, itis necessary to introduce a high resistance near the source 'of the electrical sup ly, and a lower resistanceat the end of the gine.

In this instance. the

tions on the line..

would have to be of different resistances, and

would operate only in their res ectiv'e posi- In the case o varying the resistanccs as R', R, R", Rm', at the stations, and making the selector coils of a standard resistance, the switches will work .at any. oint on the line, and may be interchangea lle at will.

The movable arts ofi selector apparatus may be protecte as while the apparatus is carried as in ones pocket, from place to place,

by providing a suitable metal" casing. A very usefulform is shown in'Fig. 24. The top bracket 210, two sides l211 and back 212 are rcast of suitable metal, while a cover, consisting of top213 and front 214 is in-one piece. To'secure the coverto the case, two pins 215 in the front of the bracket 210 engage sur-A rounding holes in the inside of the front of the cover; and a slot 216 in the rear of the top of the cover, en ages the shank'of a screw 217 in the top of t 1e back of the case. The inner portion of thc slot is rimmed out to a size corresponding to that of the screw head, so that when the head is screwed down into the recessed slot, it prevents the withdrawal of the cover. y

The mechanism controlling thel signaling device is .also mounted within the iron box 160, Figs. 14, 25, 26, 27. Electro magnets 230, Figs. 25, 26, in the-trip circuit are fixed to the back of the box, by a bracket 231, and

"has an armature 232, by which the signaling device, as'thesemaphore 162, Fig. 14, ma

be caused to be released, and dis laye The semaphore rod 163 is operative y connected to a uide rod 233 by an arm 234; this ide roti in t station box, whereby the rodv 233,

-within certain limits, has free vertical movements. 'Pivoted in a frame 235, Figs. 15, 16, 25, 27, within the box, is a catch shaft A236, which through the guide rod 233 sustains the semaphore while it is in normaly position. The uide rod is slotted, and has ivoted therein a latch 237, the lower end o which rest u on a plane surface 238 cut inthe cat c aft 236. This surface is so arranged in its relation to the. contacting end 239 of the latch, that aline drawn' through the center of the pivot 240 and the contact end 239, will pass througl the center of the catch shaft `236 and will l at 'right angles to the plane contact surface 238 -of .the shaft. A spring'241 on the guide rod tends to hold the latch in normal position. Fast to this catch shaft arel `two arms; one a lock arm 2-42 in operative engagexnent with the triparmature 232, and t other a Jrehaving suitable bearings withleasing arm 243, with a spring 244, tending to cause the catch shaft, and hence its su porting surface, to move so that the latc will slip off the surface', and-perniitthe guide rod 233, and hence the semaphore rod 163 to drop. Near the free end portion of the armature releasing arm 232 is a triangular in 245, which is designed to engage a simi ar pin 246, on the free end portion of the lock arm'242.' .The surface o these pins Vare so designed that when the trip armature 232 is attracted by its Inafrnet 230, its pin 245, Figs.

15, 16, -moves out o envagement with the release pin 246 on thelocilr arm 242, the spring 244 so moves the releasin arm 243 that the latch 237 slips off the catc surface 238, Fig. 16, and the semaphore guide rod 233 drops, and hence the arm 234 and the sema hore rod 163, and the si al is displayed. the guide rod 233, ig. '17, falls and with it the semaphore, a pin 24() onthe guide rod engages a curved surface or cam 248 on Athe restoring arm, forcesthe latter back, and with it the lock arm 242, which, bymeans of its pin 246, engaging the in 245 on the trip armature aim 232'?, is he d in normal position. Should these pins fail to engage, and the lock arm assume the position shown in v dotted lines Fig. 17,4 then when the guide rod 233, and with 1t theseinaphore, 1s raised, as by hand, to normal position, the in 240 on hen the guide rod, engages a curved s ioulder or cani 249 on the restoring arm 243, forces back the latter which is there held by the lock arm 242 with its pin 246, which is at-once moved into locking engagement with the pin 245, on the tripv armatiire arm 232. The catch surface 238 is now in locking position so that when the guide rod 233 is raised its full length, the latch 237, by reason of spring 241, snaps back, engages the catch surface 238,`andl the guide rod and semaphore are supported in normal osition. Y

t will be noticed t at when the guide rod 233 is in normal position, a spring 250, fixed to the box and insulated therefrom, contacts with apin 251, Figs. 15, 17, 25, onr the guide rod 23.3 at normal position. The pin and the sprin constitute partof the trip circuit to groun hence when the guide rod 233 drops, as in Fig. 17, the trip circuit through the trip magnet is broken. As will appear later, the current, when the tri circuit is broken, can now ilow through w at may be called the answer back or registering circuit.

When the semaphore is sot, that is. displayed as, sa a danger signal, a locking deto pull the bolt 265 -into locking'en agement Y with the semaphore guide rod 233, ig. 15, in

the box. The lengthof the guide rod is such that when the rod,\and hence the semaphore, hasdropped, the-bolt moves across the end of the guide r'od 233, Fig..17, and at once enters into locking engagement with it, so that the rod cannot be raised and the s ignal restored to normal position. While the spring 161, Fig. 25,is required'to move the bolt 265, into locking position, yet the bell crank lever 260,

link 264, bolt 265, and connected parts are so proportioned and 'a1-ranged, that, if for any reason, say, the spring 161 should break,ror cease to tend to act, the bolt 265 WouldI re- A main in the position it was in when the-spring ceased its action; hence,- should the sprlng so cease while the bolt was locking the semaphore rod, the bolt would continue in-locking position to lock the rod until it was restored to normal position, in a manner to be described.

Operatively connected to the endportionA of the spring arm 262, 1s an unlocking rod7 ing rod is released, abutting against the `guide rod, and ever ready-'to lock the semaphore rod again, the moment it is set.

It is advantageous to have a record made at the central or transmitting station, that the desired si al Was set-and locked.

In order t 'atv the station operated may, send back tothe central station a characteristic message or signal, a registering circuit 'and apparatus are supplied, whereby a pre-v determined code of electrical impulses` may be created and sent. Connected to the locking bolt 265 above described, is an arm 280 controlling a ratchet Wheel 281, of a' train of gears. Each time the locking bolt is operlated, the ratchet wheel, through suitable gearing, causes a break Wheel 282, having 'a certain arrangement of teeth, characteristic' to the operated station, to rotateyand-a spring terminal 283I upon the lrotation,A of said Whee successivelyv en ages these teeth, andl the break wheel and te spring, being in theV nowopened trip circuit, which becomes the registering circuit, consequently cause a corresponding number of impulses to passfover the registering circuit, and operate certain registering apparatus, to make the reeordat V the central station.` s

The registering apparatus consists of a calf the trp endar time stamp to show at what day, hour and-minute, the signal is set; and a recordi'ng i device to record the answer back signal of the station operated. The apparatus is located at the rear of the transmitting apparatus, Figs. 6, 7, 10. Mounted upon a contmuation of shaftr289, Figs. 6, 7, 28, 29, 30, controlled by the transmittin wheel'shaft V51, is a gear Wheel 290, from W ichv power is derived to move the inking rolls 291, 29 and the paper 293 upon which the records re to be made. The paper. is drawn o from areel 299, mounted in standards, and its movements are coniined by suitable `guide rolls as 295, 296. Two gears 297., 298', of the same size, mesh with the power gear 290, each op osite to the other, moving at 'the'same s ee and in the same direction. Controlled y the trip regis'- tering lever arm 140, Fig, 7, which completes and rthe registering circuit, is a ytoothe sector 299, and meshing with it is a pinion 300 on a pinion shaft 301, mounted in suitable bearings. This shaft, Fig. 28, hasa pinion 302, which meshes with a rack 303, on

a rod 304, capable of vertical movements.

This-rod 'has guide rolls 29,5. for the apei, and a third roll 305, which'lies below, ,but not in contact with the paper.q Directly above the latterfroll is a pointed toothed wheel 306eonnected with ear wheel 297 that meshes with the power wlgieel 290. Ifnow the transmitting Wheel 50, Fig. 7 ,is set in motion, and the registering circuit is closed at the transmitter' byl the trip or registering lever arm 140 and trip and registermgplate 60, Figs. 6 and 7, then the meshing sector 299, pinion 300, shaft 301, pinion 302, and rack 303, Fig. 28, cause a vertical-movement of the rod.304 and the 'l contact withthe pointed toothe drawing-'in move, and continues so todo Auntilthe 'tering lever arm 140 returns tonormal position, at which time the rod 304, with guideA During thlsreglstering peri 'and 'only .dur-

wheel, stops.

paper roll 305; the paper 293 ispnshed into I. ,I Apaper ,wheel 306, andthe-paper begins to ing this period, that is, while the registering l.

segment and the tripand registering ever engage each other, does the paper move. The

vtransmitting device during this time, the answer back ap aratus at the called station, op-

v eratesjfcomp etes the registering circuit; a

registering 'magnet07 is energized;v its ar-` themanner, erated.- v y At the time when the bridging lever arm 147 ofthe ytransmitter'completes the 4trip circuit, it also bridges andcompletes a time re'- l cording circuit; 'and the resulting impulse energizes `a.timerecording magnet 309 ,v which` iso registering circuit being. completed at the plaratua and the registering apparatus, av wii1 been explained, their combined action now be described, reference being had to their' electrical connections, which are diagramma'tically shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, .4, 5.

The electrical current emloyed is that which, for example, is derive from a proper generator T. The transmitter is electrically connected with the signal station by three wires 1, 2, 3; two, 1, 2, em loyed by the selecting impulses, and by t e synchronizing impulses; while the third Wire, 3, is used for 4dial 63.

the trip impulse, and for the registering impulses. The wiring used-for the time recordlng impulse is at the transmitter station only. For the sake of illustration, a signal is to be displayed at station No. 1,3. The station pomter handle 68, Figs. 6, 7, of the transmitter is pulled out, and turned so that the stationpointer/l is over the number 13, on the Then in that position, the handle is released, springs 69, .70, cause the arm 65 to push the pin 61 into the roper hole 62 in the transmitting Wheel 50; t e pointer 611 becomes fixed to thedial b the pointer pin 64a; and the registering p ate` 60y which was disengaged from the transmitting wheel 50, becomes locked tosaid Wheel. 0f the fortyone selecting teeth 59, the registering'plate 60 has exposed thirteen forcontrolling the selecting impulses; twenty are rendered inoperative during the period required for the action of, the tripping and registering apparatus; and eight are left uncovered for send- 'ing the eight .impulses remaining of the twenty-one selecting impulses, for returning l the selector Wheels at the eight remaining stations to normal position.

tors engage the brushes 1, 2, and 3, 4, an impulsepasses from the generator T, Figs. 1

and 2, through wire 21, main fuse B, wire 22, the brushes 4, 3, and commutator 105, wires 23, 24,' line" wireA 1, through each of the twenty stations, i. e. through Wire 40, fuse B, Fig. 5, com ensating resistances,as R', wire 40,`throg each selector magnet 172,

The transmitter is now ready for the'power to be applled 173, Figs. 19, 23, 25, wire 41,-fuse, line Wire 2, brushes 2, 1, Figs. 1 and 2, and commuta-l tor 105 at the transmitter, Vwire 27, to ground G. During these primary restoring impulses, each synchronizing armature 184, Figs.25, 23, at each station is magnetized audits detent 183 moves into` the path of the' synchronizing pin 182 on the selecting shaft 176. All of the stations now are, or ought to be, in their normal positions.

The next operation of the transmitter is to unlock each of the twenty selecting or ratchet wheels 175. To do this, a weak current is caused to iiow through each of the selector magnet- s 172, 173, but in a direction opposite to that required for the operation of selecting. The make and break arm 136, Fig. 7, on `thetransmitting wheel shaft 51, moves into contact with the contacts 27 a, 27h, in the reversing circuit, and the reversing pin or segment-57 on the `selecting wheel 50,' Figs.

6,7, of the transmitter, engages the reverse current lever58, and` moves it so that it completes the releasing circuit at terminals 5, 7, and 6, 8, Figs. 1., 3, 7, and the current flows from the generator T, Figs. 3, 7, through wire 21, fuse, wire 28, resistance coils H, wire 30, contacts 8, 6, circuit closing arm 133, wire 25, Wire 2, selector magnets 172, 173, at each station, wire 1, wire 24, contacts' 7, 5, arm 136, contacts 27, 27h, wire 27,' to ground G. The polarity of the selector magnets being thus changed, the opposite clarity of the synchronizing armature 184 'wiich together with the force of the spring 185, causes the armature and the detent 183 thereon to move out of the path of the pin 182, -on the selec-ting shaft 176, and all of the selecting wheels at the stations move rearwardly, each of the remainder of its' toot-h space, and said wheels are ready to respond tothe action resulting from the energization of the selector magnets. Next, thirteenseleeting impulses are, through l the operation of the thirteen exposed selecting teeth 59 on the transmitting wheel, sent through the selecting circuit in the manner already described and show-n in Fig. 2, for the primary restoringcircuit. magnet 172, 1.73, Fig. 23, responds and causes its selecting wheel 175 ,to move through the space of thirteen teeth. lt will be noticed, however, that none of the twenty stations, except No.13 will have its trip circuit contacts 179", 180, in contact wit the metallic piece 178 controlled by the selecting wheel shaft '(176. All of the selector wheels at the stations having come to a state of rest,

. and the trip circuit at station 13 having been alone selected of the twenty, for o eration, the transmitter is now ready to sen through the trip circuit, a tripping impulse to set the signal.

After the selecting impulses have been sent, the' trip and registering segment 60 con- ,trols three of the. levers `10U, 139 vand 146.

Each selector The'pin 142 in the arm 139 engages the slot 143 in the head 144 of the selecting lever 1.0 0

i and holds it inoperative du the period while the trip andv registerin ever 140v is 54 performi its function, as' own -in Figs.

8, 9. At't e time of contact of the trip lever tion of the resistance I, Figs. 1, 4, vand the re terin ma net 307. B sodo' a currergiltsis send; on ghe line to vsetythes' uid, much heavier than'isused to 'record t e answer back. It is not necessary to resort'to .this means, but itrha'sbeen found that a heavy current soon burn the break Wheel and contact spring at the-station, and thus render them inoperative." When the segment'145, on the -tr1p and registering segment 60 has l moved out of engagement with the bridge lever 146, the latter returns to normal posi! Aation and opens the time stamp circuit, and also removes the bridge across the resistance I and the registering magnet 307, and restores said resistance and magnet to the cirgf cuit; and a record of the answer back may be ma e.

The tpffandfreg'isring 'late/ 6e l the transmitter, the' trip ever 139'44 'hich completes the trip circuit. at 'the trifp v con owin afromthe-generator T, Figs.' 1,' 4, tI-oug wire'2l,"use,.wire28, resistance coils I, 33', bridging contacts` 14, 13, trip vcontacts 10,12, wire 31, line wire'3, wire 42, fuse, Fig. 5, tri contacts 179x, 180, at station No. 13, meta ic piece 178", 43, trip magnet 230, wire 44, sprin 2 50, Figs. 15, 25, pin 251, semaphore ro 233, w1re '45, Fig. '5, and ground G.: This impulse energizes the trip magnet 230, Fig.l 25, the armature 232 re. leases the releasing'arm 242 onjthe catch shaft 236; the spring 244 acting on the arm 243, turns the catch shaft 236 artially over;

the latch 237 slips oi the cate surface; and

the guide rod233 `and semaphoredrop. The v triplcircuitlfistherefore bro envby the sepa# rations of contact' in 251" and the sprin contact lpiece 250. en the. guide 'ro vhas reached the limit of its downward movement,

the locking bolt 265, operated by the coil spring 261, act` -through the bell 'crank lever 260, and 264,moves-in-its ides. lThe end of the guide rod nowbeing be qw the bolt, Fig. 17, is prevented from any upward fore the semaphore remains set or ma danger position, un't it is restored by a person authorized to open the telephone box 267, Fig.

14. But by this movement of the locking bolt, and hence of the link 264 and arm 280,

circuit, impulsesthe characteristics of w lminal 283,V Fig. 25, brakvwheel 282, and

lthe recor movement, by means ofthe bolt, andjthereQ connected to `the train of wheels,V the break wheel 281 with its characteristic teeth, indieating the station N o. 13, revolves, and'injso doing, it being in the trip circuit and grOunded, there are sent over the regist'e are determined by the 4contacts. between the A contactrpiece and break wheel. The registering'or answer back impulses sV from the generator T, Figs. 1 and 4, 75

4 lirougli Wire 21, fuse, wire 28," the resistance wire v35, register magnet 307, wire 34, trip and register contacts 10, 12; Wire .31, I line 3 wire 42, selector contacts 179180, metaliic piece 178, wires'43, 47; spring terground G. The tripf registering lever 139 being held by the registering plate or segment 60, so as to complete the registering contacts 10, 12, at the transmitter, the recording-pa er 293, Fig,` 28, is held up against the ointe Yteeth of the drawing-'in-roll 306 of t e registering a paratus, and moves through the guide ro ls 295, as alread .explained, until the. registering Alever isengages the registering plate. But during this registering period, the characteristic impulses indicating station No', 13, 'energize the registering magnet 307, Fig. 28, accordingly; the registering mature 308, inturn, presses aper agaist the ink'roll 292, and the resu ting marks indicate that the seme here at station No. 13, is set and locked. u-t it be p1 ly vseen that bei `e .anyret'urn signalindidiiltmg station No.91r3-is sent, the'100v As lfgzgial or semaphore 1s` locked 1n a danger postionf` Upon receipt of this return signal,

ythev operator 'at the central station is absolutelycertain that the signal is m a reverse position and properly locked. yIn this position, itis beyond the control of any unau-A thorized erson.` ,lf there is no return signal registere vtheoperator at once knows that the bolt'265, Fig. 25, has not operated, perhaps because the spring 161 is broken; orif, 110 for exam le, a long black line appears upon,

ding aper, it maymean that, per-kA haps the. bolt as been partially moved, and

stopped, leaving the grounded spring terminal 283, in. contact with one ofthe teeth of the make and break wheel 282;.the'reg1ster1ng magnet 307 remaining energized, and press- Vving the paper against the ink roll- 299,' until Vthe .registering circuit is broken at the reg lstering contacts 10-12, by the'transmitter 120 at thecentral station; or said long black linemay mean that the-trip o r registering circuit is grounded 'elsewhere than at the slgnal station. "In ne, by means of the register-lng lapparatus, theo erator at the central station knows-Whet r the. semaphore rod at the desired signal station, is, or isinot locked.

On the segment. 60 is the segment or pin 'Joccup mg a single toothspace ofthe wheel, an

so designed as tooperate the 130,

Images