US901368A - Apparatus for magnetic separation. - Google Patents

Description

C. Q. PAYNE. APPARATUS FOR MAGNETIC SEPARATION;

- APPLIGATION FILED 00123, 1903.

901,368.. Patented-Oct. 20, 1908.

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' 1 I'll UNITED STATES PATENT OFF-ICE.

CLARENCE Q. PAYNE, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE INTERNATIONAL SEPARATOR COMPANY, A CQRPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR MAGNETIC SEPARATION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLARENCE Q. PAYNE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Stamford, in the county of Fairfield, State of Connecticut, having a post-ofiice address at 99 John street, in the borough of Manhattan, in the city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Magnetic Separation, of which the following is a full and true specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein similar letters refer to like parts in the several views.

My invention relates to improvements in magnetic ore separators for the concentration of substances of all degrees of magnetic permeability, and more especially to improvements in that type of separator in which the magnetic field is formed between opposing magnetic surfaces.

In an application for United States Letters Patent filed February 2nd, 1902, Serial Number 141,4G2, I have, among other things, described and claimed a novel form of ore separating apparatus wherein toothed plates or laminae are so disposed in the separating carrier or cylinder of said apparatus, that the teeth of the adjacent laminae are brought out of alinement, and thus expose a large number of points and lines of the toothed edges of said laminae to the oreparticles undergoing separation, whereby very beneficial effects may be exerted, especially upon those ore-particles which are feebly magnetic. In my present invention I am able to accomplish the same results by other dispositions or arrangements of the toothed plates or laminae, and I am also enabled to make use of plates or laminae having smooth edges, whereby important advantages are secured.

My invention also consists of a novel form of separating-cylinder, and it is shown as applicable to a complete ore-separating machine,'in which a single magnetic field is formed upon two magnetic circuits.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 shows an application of my invention to an ore-separating machine. Figs. 2 and 8 illustrate by diagrammatic sections through a magnetic field, the use for the purpose described, of magnetizable plates or laminae whose edge faces form the separatingsurface of a carrier, and are spaced apart by a series of interleaved non magnetic laminae, so that the adjacent outer edges of said magnetizable laminae are out of contact with each other. Figs. 4 and 5 show an application of my invention to a novel form of cylindrical separating-carrier. Figs. 6, '7, 8 and 9 illustrate applications of my invention to various forms of a hollow cylindrical, or annular, separating-carrier.

In accomplishing the purpose of my present invention, I preferably make use of a series of thin iron or soft steel plates, or laminae, which are placed transversely to the axis of the separating cylinder, or carrier, in order to completely suppress Foucault, or eddy, currents which would otherwise be generated in the carrier, and offer a resist ance to its motion, when caused to travel through a strong magnetic field.

As shown in Fig. 2, the edge-faces of the magnetizable plates which form the separating surface of the carrier may all be smooth, and are alternately interleaved with plates of non-magnetic metal, paper, fiber, or other non-magnetic material, which serve to space apart the magnetizable plates, and thus bring the adjacent outer edges A A B B, of said magnetizable plates out of contact with each other. When brought within a magnetic field formed between the surfaces M and N, the lines of force within the field will then be strongly diverged, or dispersed, from the bounding edge-faces of the magnet izable plates, andfrom their bounding edges, towards the opposing surface N. By the use of plates which are quite thin, and in a field of high magnetic density, I have found that not only the bounding edges, but the edgefaces themselves, maybe employed to attract and hold oreparticles of even slight mag netic permeability, while separating them from non magnetic particles. The edgefaces of the magnetizable plates may also be made toothed, while those of the interleaving non-magnetic plates are made smooth, or as shown in Fig. 3 they may all be toothed. Various other combinations or arrangements of the plates will also suggest themselves. In any case it is the purpose of my present invention to cause the adjacent outer edges of the magnetizable plates to be brought out of contact with each other, by spacing them apart by means of plates of non-magnetic metal, fiber, or other non-magnetic material, so that they expose to the ore-particles undergoing separation, a series of strongly magnetized edges and edge-faces, or a combination of magnetized points, edges and edge-faces, whereby a proper separating effect may be obtained by the control which they thus exert over the positions of the lines of force within the magnetic field.

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown a novel form of cylindrical separating-carrier, in which I have embodied that application of my invention which is illustrated in Fig. 2, although it will be readily understood that any of the other applications of my invention, referred to above and shown in Fig. 3, may also be combined with this form of separating-cylinder. A series of thin iron or soft steel circular plates, or disks, S (shown in part section in Fig. at) are mounted upon a shaft T, and clamped together in any convenient way, as for instance, by means of a key and compression flanges, as shown in the illustration. This form of separating-cylinder can be revolved with great ease through a magnetic field, which is formed between magnetic surfaces placed on opposite sides of the cylinder, since it completely suppresses the Foucault or eddy currents, by its sub division into thin plates, and forms in effect a laminated armature bar. My invention may also be applied to other widely different forms of separating-carriers, or cylinders, and I have shown in Figs. 3, 7, S and 9, for purpose of illustration, other applications of my invention to hollow cylindrical, or annular, separating-carriers. These forms of cylinders are found to be desirable when one of the two opposing magnetic surfaces, or polepieces, between which a magnetic field is formed, is placed on the inside, and the other on the outside of the cylinder.

In the construction shown in Figs. (5, 8 and 9, the plates which may form any of the various combinations shown'in Figs. 2 and 3, are preferably clamped together by tie-rods V V, which support flanged drum-heads at their ends. These tie-rods, which should be made of metal or alloy of high electrical resistance, such as manganese-bronze, etc., are maintained in proper position by means of tierings R R placed at intervals. The plates when assembled, thus form in effect an annular, laminated armature-ring, and are preferably interrupted, or made in sections, in order to introduce air-gaps, and thus avoid weakening the field by short circuiting a portion of it in the direction of the circumferen'ce of the cylinder. In this way I am also able to suppress Foucault or eddy currents, when this form of cylinder is caused to travel through a strong magnetic field.

In Fig. 7 .l have shown another form of separating-cylinder, in which the same results may be accomplished by means of any of the various combinations of plates already referred to in connection with Figs. 2 and by inserting them in grooves in the surface of a hollow or annular nonmagnetic cylinder, instead of clamping them together in the manner shown in Fig. 9.

In Fig. 1, l. have shown, in a sectional view, my invention embodied in an operating machine, and in connection with the pa rticular form of separating-cylindershown in Figs. 1 and 5. Here a magnetic field established in the space between the opposing magnetic surfaces of the pole-pieces M and N. The cylindrical separating-carrier S T is placed centrally between the polepieces M N, and at a short distance from their surfaces, which are made approximately concentric with the separating'cylinder for a portion of their lengths, as shown in Fig. 1.

The apparatus is preferably provided with means for retaining the material undergoing sepa *ation in close proximity to a considerable segment of the cylinder. For this purpose pole-piece N is preferably extended along a considerable segment of the cylinders surface below its horizontal diameter, so as to form a guide-surface for the ore mixture while passing through field. The surface of the pole-piece may also be provided with a lining-plate or wearing-plate as shown in Fig. 1, although such a plate is not essential to the proper operation ot the machine.

In operating the apparatus, the magnetic field is charged, and the eparzuiing-cvlinder is caused to revolve through the held in the direction indicated by the arrow. The material to be separated, after crushing, it net essary to unlock the minerals to be separated, is introduced. from any convenient source of supply H, by means of the guide plates l5 F Gr, into the magnetic field between the cylindrical carrier S and the pole-piece N. The magnetic ore-particles of the material are then attracted and held to the surface of the carrier S, until by the continued rotation of the carrier, they are conveyed out of the field.

During their passage tl'irough the field, the surface of the pole-piece N, which is preferably made approximately concentric with the cylinder S, and its relative position to the cylinder, serve to retain the ore-particles in close proximity to the surface of the cylin-- der along a considerable segment thereof below its horizontal diameter, and while the non-n'iagnetic or non-attracted particles are thus readily discharged from the surface of the cylinder, the magnetic or attracted par ticles are at the same time prevented from escaping beyond the range of attraction of the inductively magnetized surface of the cylinder, while within the field.

Upon successive local demagnelization of the plate edges of the cylinder, as the former I revolve through and out of the field, the attracted ore-particles are released and discharged over the edge of the division-plate K, thus efi'ecting their separation from the non-magnetic or non-attracted ore particles, which on leaving the field are guided by the division-plate K into a separate receptacle, not shown in the drawings.

In case it is desired to divide an ore-mixture into products known in ore-dressing as heads, middlings and tailings, or where the crude material contains several magnetic materials which differ in their magnetic susceptibility, it may be desirable to use two or more division-plates to classify the magnetic material, as it is discharged from the separating-carrier, as shown in Fig. 1. If the ore contains a certain amount of strongly magnetic material, it may also be desirable to employ a light brush as shown at Y Fig. l in order to prevent such particles from remaining attached to the surface of the cylin der during a complete revolution.

hat I claim is:

1. In a magnetic separator, a transversely laminated separating-cylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable laminae having edge projections, placed alternately and contacting with respect to a plurality of nonmagnetizable laminae, in combination with two opposing pole-pieces between which a magnetic field is formed, and between which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, substantially as described.

2. In a magnetic separator, a transversely laminated separating-cylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable circular disks having edge projections, placed alternately and contacting with respect to a plurality of non-magnetizable disks, in combination with two opposing pole-pieces, between which a magnetic field is formed, and between which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, sub stantially as described.

3. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a transversely laminated separatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable laminae having edge projections, placed alternately and contacting with respect to a plurality of non-magnetizable laminae; means for magnetizing said cylinder, and means for retaining the material undergoing separation in close proximity to said cylinder along a considerable segment thereof below its horizontal diameter, substantially as described.

i. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a transversely laminated separatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable circular disks having edge projections, placed alternately and contacting with respect to a plurality of non-magnetizable disks; means for magnetizing said cylinder, and means for retaining the material undergoing separation in close proximity to said cylinder, substantially as described.

5. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a transversely laminated separatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable laminae having edge projections, placed alternately and contacting with respect to a plurality of non-magnetizable laminae; two opposing pole-pieces, between which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, and a guide-plate formed partly by one of said pole-pieces and partly by an upward extension added thereto, substantially as described.

6. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a transversely laminated separatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable circular disks having toothed edges, placed alternately and contacting with respect to a plurality of non-magnetizable disks; two opposing pole-pieces between which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, and a guide-plate formed partly by one of said pole-pieces and partly by an upward extension added thereto, substantially as described.

7. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a transversely laminated separatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable laminae having edge projections, placed alternately and contacting with respect to a plurality of non-magnetizable laminae; two opposing pole-pieces between which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, and a guide-plate connected with one of said pole-pieces, having an extension above the horizontal diameter of said cylinder, sub stantially as described.

8. In a magnetic se arator, the combination of a transversely aminated separatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable circular disks having toothed edges, placed alternately and contacting with respect to a plurality of non-magnetizable disks; two opposing pole-pieces between which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, and a guide-plate connected with one of said pole-pieces, having an extension above the horizontal diameter of said cylinder, substantially as described.

CLARENCE Q. PAYNE.

Witnesses:

ALFRED GAW, HOWARD H. PETERSON.

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