US889000A - Reinforced concrete roof. - Google Patents

Description

No. 889,000. 'PATENTED MAY 26, 1908. G. M. GRAHAM.

REINFORCED CONCRETE ROOF.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.10,1907.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

v PATENTED MAY 26, 1908. G. M. GRAHAM.

REINFORCED CONCRETE ROOF.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.10,1907.

'6 SHEET-SSHEET Z.

PATENTED MAY 26, 1908. G. M. GRAHAM. REINFORCED CONCRETE ROOF.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.10,1907.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

huemr-g No. 889,000. PATENTED MAY 26, 1908. G. M. GRAHAM.

REINFORCED CONCRETE ROOF.

, APPLICATION FILED DEO.10, 1907.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

No. 889,000. :PATENTED MAY 26, 1908.

G. M. GRAHAM.

REINFORCED CONCRETE ROOF.

APPLICATION FILED 1126.10.1907.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5,

f PATENTED MAY 26, 1908. G. M. GRAHAM. REINFORCED CONCRETE ROOF.

UNITED sTArEs PATENT oFFIoE.

GEORGE M. GRAHAM, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO G. A. EDWARD KQHLER, .OF A CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

.. afirnroncnn CONCRETE RooF.

Specification of Letters Patent.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE MJGRAHAM,

a citizen of the United States of America,

and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful'fmprovements in Reinforced Concrete Roofs, of which the following is a specification.

. This invention relates to that type of reinforced concrete structures which constitute the subject matter of my prior patent No. 865,490 of Sept, 10, 1907; and has for its object to provide a simple and eflici ent structural arrangement and combination of parts whereby a reinforced concrete roof is formed possessing the very desirable requisites of strength, ightness and durability, all as will hereinafter more fully appear.

In the accompanying drawings illustra tive of the present invention: Figure 1, is a plan view of a skeleton reinforcing frame. for concrete roofs, completely wound. Fig. 2, is a side view of the same. Fig. 3,.is a plan view of the frame partly wound. Fig. 4, is a side view-of the same. Fig. 5, is' a plan viewof the frame before being wound. Fi 6, is a side view of'the same. Fig. 7 is a front view of the frame in an unwound condition. Fig. 8, is a'siniilar view in a partly woundcondition. Fig. 9,-is a;.sir ni lar V ew in a fully wound condition. Flg. 10, is an enlargeddetail section on line :c-x

' Fig; l, with the concrete mass in place.

concrete roof of the Fig. '11, 1s a detail perspective view of the connection. between the rafters and the intermediate horizontal members. Fig. 12,

.is a detailperspective view illustrating the twocrosse( wire windings of the present invention.

Similar numerals of reference indicate like parts in the several views.

Referring to the drawings, series of horizontal cylindrical cured together to-form the base frame of a resent construction, and which frame may be provided with the usual intermediate braces where the size or 1 re )resents a particular use of the'roof would indicate the use ofsuchlprovision. of the roof, alsoof a cylindrical form, and which is connected to the base frame 1 aforesaid, by the series of, maincrafters 3 also bf a cylindrical form, andwhibliare preferably four in number and arranged at the respeceanis se- 2, is the ridge pole tive corners of the roof. 4, are a series of supplementary rafters, also of a cylindrical form, arranged intermediate of the respec' tive main rafters 3,, and extending from the base frame 1 to theridge pole 2, as shown, and forming the intermediate supports for the skeleton wire centers or webbings hereinafter described. Said roof parts are preferably formed from sections of commercial wrought metal tubing secured together-at tial manner by means of any usualand suit able pipe couplings, preferably however, the type of couplings or fittings which form the subject matter of my prior patent No. 865,489 of Sept. 10, 1907, and of my appli-. cations for Letters Patent Serial No. 397,848, filed .Oct. 17, 1907, and Serial No. 405,891, filed Dee-10, 1907. parts form the skeleton border frames of the series of panels-of the roof structure.-

1 v5, are theskeleton wire centerings or webbings above referred to, and which are formed by acontinuous wra ping of a single wire around the cylindrical border members 1, 2 and 3 ofthe roof frame above described,

directions to afford 0 on Web like centers for the series of Hat panes formed by said border members. .Saidwra pings of the wire will be in a continuous an serial order around the skeleton roof frame, and from panel to panel thereof, so as to provide a single skeleton web or center for each panel and including the base or horizontal panel of the roof structure as Well as' the slanting or other usual panels thereof.

With'th'e continuous Wrappings above's'et forth, and as in my prior patented construction No. 865,490, each individual strand thereof can be brought .to a common and uniform tension, to bear in an even and uniform' manner the normal stress or load imposed upon the roof structure as a whole, and in consequence of which a structure is provided having a maximum degree of strength with a minimum amount of material.

A materialpart of the present lnent consists in the combination with the before described skeleton reinforcing frame andskeleton'wire centers or panels thereof,

f means for affording said centers or panels intermediate support against the normal sag or dish of the same in the ordinary floor or.

"ceiling construction set forth in my aforesaid So united said roof Patented May so, 1908.

their meeting points in a'firm and substanin spaced relation and in crossed or opposite 3 impro fepatent No. 865,490. Such intermediate su porting means by imposing a substantial y straight or flat-condition upon said centers or panels, permits of the mass of concrete which incloses said skeleton wire centers orpanels, and forms the main body of the roof, being made very thin, and requiring a minimum amount of concrete for a-given roofsurface, thus permitting of the economical use of a high grade concrete mixture with the consequent strength and durability which follows such use. Thepreferred structural formation and arrangement of such intermediate support is as foll ws :-6, are a series of tubular members arranged horizontally and in spaced relation midwa between the horizontal roof beams 1 an the ridge pole or beam 2, and secured to the rafters 3 and 4, by means of a series of stirrup clips 7 which embrace said rafters and have their endsbentover the membars 6, as shown more particularly in Figs. 10 and 11. In the present construction such interme'diate members 6 are on acommon plane with the outer surface of the rafters 3 and 4,

/ and in connection with said rafters are adaptedto support the skeleton wire centers or panels 5 in immediate adjacent relation to the outer surface ofthe skeleton reinforcing frame of the roof. In the attainment of the above mentioned arrangement of the intermediate'members 6 in a common plane with the outer surface of the rafters 3 and 4, such intermediate members will have their portions 6- adjacent to said rafters, flattened and curved to fit the peripheries of the rafters as shown more particularly in Figs. 10 and 11, so as to avoid excessive projections aforesaid skeleton wire centers or at such points and at the same time afford a convenient connection for the stirrup clips 7 aforesaid. v

8 are sheets of wire lathing attached to the anels 5, and adapted to aid in receiving and holding theconcrete mass 9' forming the main body of the roof, during the setting and hardening of said mass. Y

Havingthus fully described my said invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

' frame comprising the base frame rafters and ridge pole, transverse to the ridge pole, and tending to hold the rafters to the frame.

3. A skeleton reinforcing frame for concrete roofs, comprising a base formed of a series of round beams, a round ridge pole, a series of round rafters, and continuous wrappings of wire, in crossed relation, around the outside of the entire frame comprising the base frame and raftersand tending to hold the rafters to the frame.

4. A skeleton reinforcing frame for concrete roofs, comprising a base formed of a series of round beams, a round ridge "pole, a series of round rafters, a continuous wrapping of wire around the outside of the entire frame comprising the base frame and rafters and tending to hold the rafters to the frame, and intermediate horizontal members extending from rafter to rafter to support the central-parts of the wire wrapping against sagging.

I 5. A skeleton reinforcing frame for concrete roofs, comprising a base formed of a series of round beams, a round ridge 'pole, a series of round rafters, a continuous wrapping of wire around the outside of the entire frame comprising the base framerafters and ridge pole, transverse to the ridge pole, and

tending to hold the rafters to the frame, and

intermediate horizontal members extending from rafter to rafter to supportthe, central .parts of the wire wrapping against sagging.

6. A skeleton reinforcing frame for concrete roofs, comprising a base formed of a series of round beams, a round ridge pole, a series of round rafters, continuous wrappings of wire, in crossed relation, around'the outside of theentire frame comprising the base frame and rafters and tending tohold the rafters to the frame, and intermediate horizontal members extending from rafter tov rafter to support the central parts of-the wire wra pings against sagging.

7. A s eleton reinforcing frame for concrete roofs, comprising a base formed of a v series of round-beams,a round ridge pole, a series of round rafters, a continuous wrapping of wire around the outside of the entire frame comprising the base frame and rafters and tending ,to hold the rafters to the frame,

and intermediate horizontal members extending from rafter to rafter to support the central parts of the wire wrapping against sagging and having flattened and eurved portions for engagement with said rafters.

8. A skeleton reinforcing frame for con crete roofs, comprising a base formed of a series of round beams, a round ridge pole, a series of round rafters, a continuouswrapping of wire around the outside of the entire frame comprising the base frame rafters and ridge pole, transverse'to the ridge pole, and tending to hold the rafters to the frame, and intermediate horizontal members extendin from rafter to rafter to support the central parts of the wire wrapping against sagging and having flattened and curved portions for engagement with said rafters.

9. A skeleton reinforcing frame for concrete roofs, comprising a base formed of a series of round. beams, a round ridge polefa series of round rafters, continuous Wrappings of wire, in crossed relation, around the outside of the entire frame comprising the base frame and rafters and tending to hold the rafters to the frame, and intermediatehorizontal members extending from rafter to rafter to support the central parts of the Wire wrappings against sagging and having flattened and curved portions for engagement with said rafters.

10. A skeleton reinforcing frame for concrete roofs, comprising a base formed of a series of. round beams, a round ridge pole, a series of round rafters, a continuous wrapping of wire around the outside of the entire frame comprising the base frame and rafters and tending to hold the rafters to the frame, intermediate horizontal members extending from rafter to rafter to support the central parts of the wire wrapping against sagging and having flattened and curved portions for engagement with said rafters, and stirrup clips for attaching said'horizontal'members to the rafters. I

11. A skeleton reinforcing frame for concrete roofs, comprising a base formed of a series ofr'ound beams, a round ridge pole, a series of round rafters, a continuous Wrapping of wire around the outside of the entire frame comprising the base frame rafters and ridge pole, transverse to the ridge pole, and

tending to hold the rafters to the frame, 111- termediate horizontal members extending from rafter to rafter to support the central parts of the wire Wrapping against sagging and having flattened and curved portions,

for engagement with said rafters, and stirrup clips for attaching said horizontal members to the rafters.

12. A skeleton reinforcing frame for con-.

crete roofs, comprising a base-formed of a series of round beams, a round ridge pole, a series of round rafters, continuous wrappings of Wire, in crossed" relation, around theoutside of the entire frame comprising the base frame and rafters and tending to hold the rafters to the frame, intermediate horizontal members extending from rafter to rafter to support the central parts of the wire wrappings against sagging and having flattened

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