US887845A - Process of photography. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED MAY 19, 1908.

H. L. REGKARD. PROCESS 0F IDTOGRAPHY. APPLIGATION FILED JAN. 1e. 1907.

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' HENRY'L. asoman, or New Yoeri, n. y.

` recense or* Pnoroeaarmf No. senaat.

Be it known that I, HENRY L. RECKARD, 'a citizen of the. United States,`residin g at 24 West Sixtieth street, New York .cit New York, have' invented certain new an useful Improvements in Processes of Photogra hy, of which the'following is a clear, full, an exact description.

My invention relates to a process of photography, and my object is to improve upon the `recesses `carried out in the prior art.

i yinventionwill be set forth in the claims.

. I am 4aware that in the -lppers patent No.

d 812,748 it has been proposed to give the apl,pearance of 'relief m the resulting1 photoi gra h byjoining two counterpart ates to getlii s se a l vor oil cloth printing, for example.

er in one structure with the iated, but I have found that this metho is unsatisfactory in many cases, such, for example, as where it is desired to produce a de sign for fabric or paper printing in whichv the design or subject to be-fre resented in relief is com osedof large an small areas, because, or one reason, the graduated or modulated .tones produced by the process of that patent aresubstantially the same whether the area to which the relief effect is to be .given is large orsmall, and' While such proc` ess is satis actry in some cases where. the areas tobe gwen relief are all small and of i substantially thel same slze, it has been found to be unsatisfactory Where the areas are large or bothflarge and small. My present invention avoids.,4 such defect in a great measure and enables me to give/a `molded (particularly in relief), .elfect to the obect, whichis far superior in the'A roduction oi de signs for commercial use in abrio', Wall p a er lt a so' attains. other advantages all of which are not herein described but.v some of which will be described more in detail hereafter. l

In the drawings l have attempted to show some of .themain features of my process, but as it is impossible in a en and ink drawing,

. such. as `required ,byy t e Patent Office, to

makean.accuraterepresentation of a photographic plate or print, l have been unable toi show the` correct ap earance ofthe pho tographs o r platesVan `have'therefore attempted to represent an illustratedembodiment of an example of the rnest important vparts of my process, and in some cases the rawings are really diagrammatic, but the process will, I believe, be evident tol any one lskilled in thel'art from the accompanying flei Specification of Lettere Eatent. Application and' January 1c, 1907. sean no. aterra.

Patented ay 19, 1908.

scription alone, the drawings being addi- Itional aids to such description.

ln the drawings, Figure l is the object over a light background; Fig. 2 a negative made therei'rom; Fig. 3 a ositive made from the negative, Fig. 4. the iagrammatic illus*V tration of the arrangement of the plates in carrying out the process; Fig. 5 isa camera, and Fig. 6 is a modification.

Fig. l represents a sheet of white paper, for example, With the subject l(in this case the letter R) to which it is desired to give the molded appearance, printed thereon in black. The specific steps of the rocess hereafter described result in a mol ed appearance of relief.

Fig. 2 is a negative plate made in a car-nera from the sheet of Fig. l, that is, the areas which in Fig. l are dark are, in Fig. 2, translucent and preferably transparent, such, for example, as the R andthe background or area which in Fig. l white, is, in l1 ig. 2, less translucent than the R of the same plate and usually nearly opa ue, although the background of 2 wou d usually be slightly. permeable by light.

Fig. 3 is a positive photographic plate which may he made in a printing frameL om the plate of Fig. 2 and in which the R area is preferably opaque., or nearly so, .and the remaining area freely translucent and prefere .ably transparent.'

ln Fig. e l have trred to represent die* gramma'ticallythree photographie plates in cross section, the upper one a cross section of the plate of den the line --:r,'the middle one a cross "-seetion of the plate of Fig. on the same line. 'and the lower one a crossseetion of' a negative plate made from the other two when. light ispassed through both of saidfirst two plates ontosaid sensitized plate, which is referably heldl in a camera focused. on the adg acent plate (that is, the plate nearest the camera), as for example in Fig. 5, in which l represents the negative plate of Fig. 2, 2 the positiveplate of'Fig. '3 and 3 the sensitized plate which is to become the negatiye of the appearance produced by the plates'1 'and 2... ln this Fig. 4 l have not given-au accurate representation of photographic plates, \but have tried to diagrammatically represent, in su'ch way as would be clearly understood, the principles hereafter to be described, ther blackened areas, such for example as 4? 5 and 15 representing the opaque or less translucent portions of said plates, and the light arcas 6 of tho other.

and 7 freely translucent or transparent areas. 8 represents a modulated area of the negative plate 3, the modulation or gradation in tone from transparency being indicated by the shade lines, and it will be observed that the area S varies from transparency in the center to substantial or actual opacity at the edges. The areas 9 are usually not transparent but may be more or less translucent, as desired, depending upon the density, forexample, of the negative plate 3, but it will be observed that in a solar print made from such negative plate 3, the background 9, for example of the area 8, mightI be either opaque orlighter than opacity, and thc area e' would appear in such.

prmt as dark in the center and gradually lighter at the edges, giving a molded relief appearance.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic sectional view of plates 1 and L?, with the negative plate`3 in a camera 10.

ln carrying out my process, I prepare two plates of the same subject, the Hsubject in -the drawings heilig the letter It -These plates are lpreferably made photogra hically and 1n suc 1 case may be made fromt ie ordi- `nary sensitized glass or Celluloid plates in a manner well known in the art. [t will be observed that in one of these plates (Fig. 2, for example), the subject to be molded (the letter li is translucent, preferably transparent, on a less translucent, preferably nearly opaque, bzuzkgrounih and in the other plate (Fig. 3) the subject is less translucent (preferably opaque) than said subject is in the 2. These plates having been prepared ari` next placed close together in two skeleton plate-holders iu order to allow subdued light lo pass through both ol' them, for 'exaiuplly from a suitable white cloth screen. burh screen and plate lmldersare not specilimll.;r described because ift is tuought to lie/unnecessary in this application, `as the Saune will be evidontto, one skilled in the strt. While i have stated that the plates arelplaced close together, l cannot define exa-rtlz' what this means iu all cases, because the :gaine may vary, and in fabi. iiV is not necessarly in all eases that there shouldl be any distance \'v'liate.f ,\r between th.` plates at first. 'llhe plates are held 'iu the plate holders, one behind the other and, subs-tautially in registry, that is, with, for example, the lt ,if one plate directlxr behindthe lt that the registration be exact, and iu fact in some casts it ma)Y be. zulvisable to have the I n is desirable to place the plaiesa slight dis-v yplate lt is not iucessary iu all cases.

eeaelis suitable manner. Where a camera is used, a

hood 12 may be provided to exclude some or all of the ,light exce t that which passesv through the plate 1 have found that the -best results are attained. by excluding all the light except that which passes through both plates, so that said sensitized plate 3 is onl7 exposed to the light which passes tlirougr both.

ln Fig. 4 the dotted lines 1 3 and 14 ro present light which passes by the opaque area 4 onto the transparent area 7 of the plate 1, that is,l the area 4 will throw a shadow upon the area 7, which will be modulated at its edges, that is, between the points at which the dotted lines converge and thei'less translucent areas 5, so that the negative. plate 3 will have an area Swhich is modulated at its edges, said area S being less translucent, or perhaps opaque, at its edges and gradually growin T lighter toward thc center of such area. i resulting print from such plate 3 would of course have the opposite appearance. It'will be observed that 1f the plates 1 and 2 are held lixed with relation to veach. other, the modulated appearance would be ol' the. same size at the edge whether the areas 4 and 7 were of the sau1e size as the areas 15 and 16, or not. Now if the areas 4 and 7 were oomparatively small, the mmlulaled appearance at the edge might be sulllrieut (with the plates held at arlixed distance apart) to give a satls'hwtory relief appearanee, but if the areas 15 aud 16 were much larger, the gradations ol' tone at the edge of thel a rea 1E) would not be sullieien. to give a proper relief ell'erl, but l have vfound that b r moving ouebfA these plates bodil)v with relation to the other so as to var r the distance between them, and where the ramera isused as iu lfig. :3 by mo\rr lug the outside plaie awaa' from the interini-A diate one, the grada l ions ol. tone at lhe'edges may be gradually iurrinasell so as to give `the larger areas ay more markedlr reliel` ellert, and l have areoinplislud this, for example, b v moving the outside plate L awa) from the other one so as lo increase the distancebe'- tweeu them', whether said plalrsiu'e at lirst arluall)Y iu Contact or srparalml hva slight distanre. Vl have found that iu lnost rases it? lance apart, at lirsl, 'forexample7 oue-eighlh of au inch, and to gradually move the outer f plate away during the time of exposure, un..- til it is perhaps` (me-'fourth ol' an meh away,

ybut obvioushY these distaupes will vary in dill'erent eases, depending upon the size of the areas desired to be molded, and other soY esmas considerations.- Ihaveindicated by the ars ,y 17 in Fig; v5. the direction of motion of the platev 2. ...It @may ,be desirable, however,l in

as indicated'- b fthe arrow 17 but to move 1t ...at a 4slight ang e to such perpendicular, as in dicate'd by the arrow 1S. Ii such diagonal .movement givenA to the plate, it will not yonly.,attainY thegjforegoing advantages, but also give an appearance as thoughthe light in the resulting print fell upon the object from .one side.v Iliave not thought it neces- Isarytoilhist'rate .the modified appearance of the ynegatia'fe plate 3' when such diagonal movement is' made use of, because it will be levident thatgitfwould increase the modular 1 tion at the left of the area 8, for example.

It maybe desirable-in some cases to cause 'otherthan a lain background 5.V For lex-l ampleit'nay `eJc'lesired:` to have the subject Y.. lto be molded appear on the resulting print asf r .which do not reflect light, andI one way to do this is to take the positive plate 2, and place it, Jfor example, over the fabric desired, or a figured background lighter than itseli,for eX- ample as illustrated in Fig. 6 (which reprej sents a figured .fabric with plate 2 over it),

j and then make a negative photographic plate of the same, which negative may be used in vplace of the plate 1 in th'e rocess. This 40 wouldresult `in a negative 3 t e same as before, except that the parts 9,.for example, would4 be a positive of the fabric or other bac ound, and a resulting solar print woul ,be a negative of the "fabric with the subject appearlng molded thereon.

I `am aware that various modiiications may be made in the steps of my process, as heretofdre described, wlthout departing from the spirit of my invention as claimed, and I therefore'do not limit myself/to the articular s e' ciiic steps Qr the mechanism eretofore escribed.

Whatl clalm 1s:

1. The process of photography which con-1 sists in placing close together and substantially'in registry two lates of the same subject, in one of which t e Subj ect to be molded 1s translucent on a less translucent backround and in the. other of which said subject 1s less translucent than it is in said first plate, "passing light through both plates ex osing a sensitized plate to such light, and, d uring such exposure, moving one" of said first two plates so as to vary the distance between them, and developing said se -tized plate.

. v1s translucent the negative plate' to have a background-IA .2. The process .0f photography whichcon- `sists in placing fclose together'fand substan- Ytially registry two lates' of the, samesubject, inv one oflwhich tllie Subject to be molded is translucent V on a translucent backround and injthe therfof which said ysubject is less translucent than itisfin said 'first plate, passing "ghtthrough'both," lates', eX-

osing a sensitizedl plate te such ihtwith said irstplatejbetween saids'econd gligtfel and said sensitized ',plate, and", during `skuch 'exposure, vmoving the outsidel one of said iirst two plates so vas to'v'ary the Ydistance between them, and developing'said sensitized plate'.

3.. The process of photography "which 'con sists in placing closetcgetherandsubstanrtially'in registry two? lates fof 4ithe same sube`ct,in one fwhich `t e subjectftobe molded on '.alless ,translucent back round 'and in the other lof whichr said subject 5 A1s` lesstransluc'erit than tisfin'saidffirst plate, placing said'twofplates' kbefore a camera with said first Eplate nearest they camera, passing light through' *both-Y lates, 1 exposing -a sensitizedf plateftosuchl ightin said :camera focused on said nearest plate, and, durin such exposure, moving the outside one o 'said first two plates away from the other so as to increase the distance between them, land develprpling said sensitized plate.y

4. e process of photography winch con- `sists linplacing close together and substantially in registry two platesof the same subect, in one of which the subject to be molded 1s translucent'on aless translucent background and in the other of which said sub'ect is less translucent than itis in said rst p ate, pass-- ingv light through both lates, exposin a sensitized plate 'to such light with said rst plate between said second', plate and lsaid sensitized plate, and, during such exposure, moving one of said first two 'plates diagonally so as to vary the distance between them. and develo ing said sensitized plate.

5. T e process of photography which consists in placing close together and substantially in registr two lates of the same sub- `ect, in one of w vich t e subject to be molded 1s translucent on a less translucent background and in the other of which said subject is less translucent than it is in said first plate, placing said two plates before a camera with said first plate nearest the camera,-passing light' through both plates, excluding from said camera the light which does-not pass through saidnearest plate, exposing a sensi. tized platev to such light in said camera focusedA on said nearest plate, and, during suc exposure, moving the outside one oflsa1d first. two lplates away from the other so as to increase the distance between them, and developing said sensitized plate` 6. The rocess of photography winch co--- sists in p acing close togetherl and substantially in registry two photographic plates of the same subject, in one of which the subject to be molded is translucent on a less translucent background and in the other of which said subject is substantially opaque and the remainder of said plate transparent, placing said two plates before a camera with said first plate nearest the camera, passing light through both plates, excluding from said camera substantially-all light except that which vpasses throughthe plate nearest thereto, exposing a sensitized plate to such light in said camera focused on said nearest plate, and, during such exposure, moving the outside one of said first two lates away from tive photographic plate of the same, placing said plates close together and substantially in registry before a camera focused on said latter plate, passing light from said first plate through the second' plate onto a sensitized plate in said camera, moving the outside plate away from said other plate during such exposure, and developing said sensitized plate. i

sists in making a photographic plate of the subject to be molded, said subject being in said plate substantially opaque on a freely translucent background, placing said sub- `ect over a background lighter than the same ut containing darkv areas outside of vsaid subject and making a negative (photogra hic' plates c ose. together and substantially in registry before plate of the same, placing sai a camera focused on said latter plate, passing light from said first plate throughthe second plate onto a sensitized plate in saidcamera, and developing said sensitized plate.

signed a New York, N. Y. this 12th day',

of January 1907. y

HENRY L. RECKARD.

Witnesses:

JOHN W. IPPERs, EMERSON R. N EWELL.

8. The process ofvphotograph'y which con-

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