US87679A - Improvement in fire-froof granary - Google Patents

Description

G. H. JOHNSON.

Grain Bin.

Paten/ted March 9. 1869.

new .s

N. PETERS. Pholuihunphu. wmhingwn, D. C4

subject-matter of the present application'.

GEORGE H. JOHNSON, OE BUFFALO, NEW YORK, AssIeNOn TOHIM- SELF GEORGE MI'LSM, OF SAME PLACE. Letters Patent No.l 87,679, dated March 9, 18,69.

mnovnivmnr IN FIRE-PROOF GRANARY.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and :making of ihe same To all it ma/y concern:

Be it known-that I, GEORGE H; JOHNSON, of Buffalo, inthe county of Erie, land State of New York, have in'- vented a new and useful Improvement in the Arran ge# ment, Combination, and Construction of the fOompart# ments of .a FirefProof Elevator 4Grain-Warehouse;4

and l do hereby declare the following to be a full and exactdescription thereof, reference being had t'o the accompanying drawing, forminga part of Vthis speification, in which 'a sectional planv view of my improved granary is given. l v

' Within 'comparatively few .-years past, thenecessity for large grain-warehouses at the principal commercial centres of the country, to store under, one-roof hundreds of thousands of bushels of grain, has led tothe construction, in Chicago, St. Louis, Buffalo, NewYork, and other leading cities of the continent, of immense grana1ies, wherein grain is handled wholly by machinery, and which are 'technically known as ,elevaf 1301s., I I

These elevators are b uilttolhold from two hundred thousand 4to one millionbushels of grain. Interiorly, they are divided vertically into' bins .or gamers, in order that -portions of the grain maybe withdrawn independently of the remainder; Hence, these elevator grauariesrequire not onlyv immense strength in the walls, to resist the outward thrust and pressure of the vast bulk of grain, but the walls must also be so constructed as to be capable of sustaining and resisting an unequal distribution both of weight4 and direct thrust; At first these elevators were constructed of wood,v involving great danger of coni-lagra'tion, and the I"consequent expenditure of large sums for insurance. Y 4 c By a series 'of imp Ont-ant inventions, I have, iupart individually, and in part jointly with/others, gradually perfected the construction of absolutely re-prooffand vermin-proof granaries, wherein grain maybe stored .with erfectsafety, be'readily handled, by machinery, in qu ntitiesllwhic'h, in any given time,are fabulous, as compared with the old methods, and -be 'sweetened andrenovated, when damp or musty, so as to prevent all loss'from heating, rot, or decaygu The principle adopted in my last and most perfect previous to the invention hereinafter described, was that of buildingl'closely, side by side, tall cylinders of masonry,'by preference Aof brick-,Cof uniform diameters land large dimensions, each capable of holding hundreds of bushels of grain; Y'. y.

This manner of constructing my improved-repronfI 4gran-aries, althonghavast improvement-upon the old forms, involves an. immense. expense, and the necessity of reducing this expense has led to tbe invention of the improved form of -granaries or elevators, which is the The nature of my invention consists 1n dividing the `interior or inner space of a granary or elevatorware house, enclosed exterior-ly by rows of large cylinders,

of uniform diameter, builtin close Contact, by means of transverse intersecting rows of similar cylinders, so as to leave 4intermediate polygonal bins, or compartments, (as illustrated inv the drawing,) which shall in` clude all the space not occupied by the cylindersyand which shall have arched sides formed by their walls. I'thus obtain, as'I believe, a maximum of strength to resist the pressure of grain upon the walls of the structure, with the largest possible amount ofv space for the' storage ofthe grain., Y

By. making the walls of the` structure hollow throughout, and converting 'the hollow spaces within the walls into Ventilating cold or hot-air dues, the grain in all the compartments may be thoroughly ventilated, the inwardly-projecting arched sides of the intermed'ate polygonal compartments presenting, in proportion, nearly as much absorbing, Ventilating wall-surface to the grain therein as in the smaller circular grain-spaces within the cylinders. -l l I form the outer walls of my granary,'as usual, of a series of cylinders, A,.of equal diameters', built in contact, side vby side, including always, however, an odd number `of cylinders (as three, five, seven, ,&c.,)' `between the Ycylinders at and constituting the corners of the structure. l l r In4 combination with said outer cylinders, parallel thereto, and within the space enclosed thereby, I erect, in contact, a row oi cylindersLA', of thesame diameter, extending from every alternatecylinder in the Vbuter tier, across the inner space, so as tof intersect therein.

Thus, within said interior spacte of the structure, the" space B,"A included between any ur of the cylindrical bins in contact, is left vacent, and these 'spacesv B are f'tted' forthe storage of grain, in common with the .cylinders themselves. J

. l 1 Itis evident that each space or compartment Bfthus providedV in the granary, will contain four tim e s the amountjof grain which canbe placed in any one cylinder A, whilst Athe amountof wall-surface through which ventilation may be secured, is increasedin t e' s'ame propoitiori. vAtA the same time, the outwa d pressure, from the grain contained therein,- 4isbrought to bear upon the crown` of the series of .arches Vformed by the cylinders constituting 'its walls, so that these compartments willsustain far more pressure fromwithin than can be safely brought to bear upon 'the simple cylinders. It is also evident that, when full,l they will strengthenand support the 4adjacent cylinders.

Having thus fully described my invention;

I claim as new, nd desire to secure by Letters A The/foregoing specification 'of my improvement inv the combination and arrangement of the compartments of a ireproof granary, signed by me, this '14th day of January, '1869.' l v v GEO. H. JOHNSON.

.Witnessesz y Dsvrn A. BURR, v

HENRY M. GAYpLonp.

enclosed byva row of louter. cylinders, or,"

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